Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Table of Contents
Executive Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Copying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.1 Overview of AUCTeX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.2 Installing AUCTeX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.2.1 Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.2.2 Configure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.2.3 Build/install . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.2.4 Loading the package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.2.5 Providing AUCTeX as a package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
1.2.6 Installation for non-privileged users . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.2.7 Installation under MS Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1.2.8 Customizing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
1.3 Quick Start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
1.3.1 Functions for editing TeX files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
1.3.1.1 Making your TeX code more readable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
1.3.1.2 Entering sectioning commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
1.3.1.3 Inserting environments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
1.3.1.4 Inserting macros. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
1.3.1.5 Changing the font . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
1.3.1.6 Other useful features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
1.3.2 Creating and viewing output, debugging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
1.3.2.1 One Command for LaTeX, helpers, viewers, and printing
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
1.3.2.2 Choosing an output format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
1.3.2.3 Debugging LaTeX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
1.3.2.4 Running LaTeX on parts of your document . . . . . . . . . . 19
2.7 Commenting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
2.8 Indenting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
2.9 Filling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Indices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Key Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Function Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Variable Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Concept Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Executive Summary 1
Executive Summary
AUCTEX is an integrated environment for editing LaTEX, ConTEXt, docTEX, Texinfo, and
TEX files.
Although AUCTEX contains a large number of features, there are no reasons to despair.
You can continue to write TEX and LaTEX documents the way you are used to, and only
start using the multiple features in small steps. AUCTEX is not monolithic, each feature
described in this manual is useful by itself, but together they provide an environment where
you will make very few LaTEX errors, and makes it easy to find the errors that may slip
through anyway.
It is a good idea to make a printout of AUCTEX’s reference card ‘tex-ref.tex’ or one
of its typeset versions.
If you want to make AUCTEX aware of style files and multi-file documents right away,
insert the following in your ‘.emacs’ file.
(setq TeX-auto-save t)
(setq TeX-parse-self t)
(setq-default TeX-master nil)
Another thing you should enable is RefTEX, a comprehensive solution for managing
cross references, bibliographies, indices, document navigation and a few other things. (see
Section “Installation” in The RefTEX manual)
For detailed information about the preview-latex subsystem of AUCTEX, see Section
“Introduction” in The preview-latex Manual.
There is a mailing list for general discussion about AUCTEX: write a mail with “sub-
scribe” in the subject to auctex-request@gnu.org to join it. Send contributions to
auctex@gnu.org.
Bug reports should go to bug-auctex@gnu.org, suggestions for new features, and
pleas for help should go to either auctex-devel@gnu.org (the AUCTEX developers),
or to auctex@gnu.org if they might have general interest. Please use the command
M-x TeX-submit-bug-report RET to report bugs if possible. You can subscribe to
a low-volume announcement list by sending “subscribe” in the subject of a mail to
info-auctex-request@gnu.org.
Copying 2
Copying
AUCTEX primarily consists of Lisp files for Emacs (and XEmacs), but there are also instal-
lation scripts and files and TEX support files. All of those are free; this means that everyone
is free to use them and free to redistribute them on a free basis. The files of AUCTEX are not
in the public domain; they are copyrighted and there are restrictions on their distribution,
but these restrictions are designed to permit everything that a good cooperating citizen
would want to do. What is not allowed is to try to prevent others from further sharing any
version of these programs that they might get from you.
Specifically, we want to make sure that you have the right to give away copies of the
files that constitute AUCTEX, that you receive source code or else can get it if you want it,
that you can change these files or use pieces of them in new free programs, and that you
know you can do these things.
To make sure that everyone has such rights, we have to forbid you to deprive anyone
else of these rights. For example, if you distribute copies of parts of AUCTEX, you must
give the recipients all the rights that you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive
or can get the source code. And you must tell them their rights.
Also, for our own protection, we must make certain that everyone finds out that there
is no warranty for AUCTEX. If any parts are modified by someone else and passed on, we
want their recipients to know that what they have is not what we distributed, so that any
problems introduced by others will not reflect on our reputation.
The precise conditions of the licenses for the files currently being distributed as part of
AUCTEX are found in the General Public Licenses that accompany them. This manual
specifically is covered by the GNU Free Documentation License (see Section A.1 [Copying
this Manual], page 70).
Chapter 1: Introduction 3
1 Introduction
On many systems, this will already activate the package, making its modes the de-
fault instead of the built-in modes of Emacs. If this is not the case, consult Section 1.2.4
[Loading the package], page 7. Please read through this document fully before installing
anything. The installation procedure has changed as compared to earlier versions. Users
of MS Windows are asked to consult See Section 1.2.7 [Installation under MS Windows],
page 10.
1.2.1 Prerequisites
• A recent version of Emacs, alternatively XEmacs
Emacs 20 is no longer supported, and neither is XEmacs with a version of xemacs-
base older than 1.84 (released in sumo from 02/02/2004). Using preview-latex requires
a version of Emacs compiled with image support. While the X11 version of Emacs 21
will likely work, Emacs 22 and later is the preferred platform.
Windows Precompiled versions are available from
ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/emacs/windows/.
Mac OS X For an overview of precompiled versions of Emacs for Mac OS X see for
example http://www.emacswiki.org/cgi-bin/wiki/EmacsForMacOS.
GNU/Linux
Most GNU/Linux distributions nowadays provide a variant of Emacs 22 or
later via their package repositories.
Self-compiled
Compiling Emacs yourself requires a C compiler and a number of tools
and development libraries. Details are beyond the scope of this man-
ual. Instructions for checking out the source code can be found at
https://savannah.gnu.org/bzr/?group=emacs.
If you really need to use Emacs 21 on platforms where this implies missing image
support, you should disable the installation of preview-latex (see below).
While XEmacs (version 21.4.15, 21.4.17 or later) is supported, doing this in a satisfac-
tory manner has proven to be difficult. This is mostly due to technical shortcomings
and differing API’s which are hard to come by. If AUCTEX is your main application
for XEmacs, you are likely to get better results and support by switching to Emacs.
Of course, you can improve support for your favorite editor by giving feedback in case
you encounter bugs.
• A working TEX installation
Well, AUCTEX would be pointless without that. Processing documentation requires
TEX, LaTEX and Texinfo during installation. preview-latex requires Dvips for its op-
eration in DVI mode. The default configuration of AUCTEX is tailored for teTEX or
TEXlive-based distributions, but can be adapted easily.
• A recent Ghostscript
This is needed for operation of preview-latex in both DVI and PDF mode. Most ver-
sions of Ghostscript nowadays in use should work fine (version 7.0 and newer). If you
encounter problems, check Section “Problems with Ghostscript” in the preview-latex
manual.
Chapter 1: Introduction 5
1.2.2 Configure
The first step is to configure the source code, telling it where various files will be. To do so,
run
./configure options
(Note: if you have fetched AUCTEX from CVS rather than a regular release, you will
have to first follow the instructions in ‘README.CVS’).
On many machines, you will not need to specify any options, but if configure cannot
determine something on its own, you’ll need to help it out with one of these options:
--prefix=‘/usr/local’
All automatic placements for package components will be chosen from sensible
existing hierarchies below this: directories like ‘man’, ‘share’ and ‘bin’ are
supposed to be directly below prefix.
Only if no workable placement can be found there, in some cases an alternative
search will be made in a prefix deduced from a suitable binary.
‘/usr/local’ is the default prefix, intended to be suitable for a site-wide in-
stallation. If you are packaging this as an operating system component for
distribution, the setting ‘/usr’ will probably be the right choice. If you are
planning to install the package as a single non-priviledged user, you will typi-
cally set prefix to your home directory.
--with-emacs[=/path/to/emacs ]
If you are using a pretest which isn’t in your $PATH, or configure is not finding
the right Emacs executable, you can specify it with this option.
--with-xemacs[=/path/to/xemacs ]
Configure for generation under XEmacs (Emacs is the default). Again, the
name of the right XEmacs executable can be specified, complete with path if
necessary.
--with-packagedir=/dir
This XEmacs-only option configures the directory for XEmacs packages. A
typical user-local setting would be ‘~/.xemacs/xemacs-packages’. If this di-
rectory exists and is below prefix, it should be detected automatically. This
will install and activate the package.
--without-packagedir
This XEmacs-only option switches the detection of a package directory and
corresponding installation off. Consequently, the Emacs installation scheme
will be used. This might be appropriate if you are using a different package
system/installer than the XEmacs one and want to avoid conflicts.
Chapter 1: Introduction 6
--with-lispdir=/dir
This Emacs-only option specifies the location of the ‘site-lisp’ directory
within ‘load-path’ under which the files will get installed (the bulk will get
installed in a subdirectory). ‘./configure’ should figure this out by itself.
--with-auctexstartfile=‘auctex.el’
--with-previewstartfile=‘preview-latex.el’
This is the name of the respective startup files. If lispdir contains a subdirectory
‘site-start.d’, the start files are placed there, and ‘site-start.el’ should
load them automatically. Please be aware that you must not move the start
files after installation since other files are found relative to them.
--with-packagelispdir=‘auctex’
This is the directory where the bulk of the package gets located. The startfile
adds this into load-path.
--with-auto-dir=/dir
You can use this option to specify the directory containing automatically gen-
erated information. It is not necessary for most TEX installs, but may be used
if you don’t like the directory that configure is suggesting.
--disable-preview
This disables configuration and installation of preview-latex. This option is not
actually recommended. If your Emacs does not support images, you should
really upgrade to a newer version. Distributors should, if possible, refrain from
distributing AUCTEX and preview-latex separately in order to avoid confusion
and upgrade hassles if users install partial packages on their own.
--with-texmf-dir=/dir
--without-texmf-dir
This option is used for specifying a TDS-compliant directory hierarchy. Using --
with-texmf-dir=/dir you can specify where the TEX TDS directory hierarchy
resides, and the TEX files will get installed in ‘/dir /tex/latex/preview/’.
If you use the --without-texmf-dir option, the TEX-related files will be kept
in the Emacs Lisp tree, and at runtime the TEXINPUTS environment variable
will be made to point there. You can install those files into your own TEX tree
at some later time with M-x preview-install-styles RET.
--with-tex-dir=/dir
If you want to specify an exact directory for the preview TEX files, use --with-
tex-dir=/dir . In this case, the files will be placed in ‘/dir ’, and you’ll also
need the following option:
Chapter 1: Introduction 7
--with-doc-dir=/dir
This option may be used to specify where the TEX documentation goes. It
is to be used when you are using --with-tex-dir=/dir , but is normally not
necessary otherwise.
1.2.3 Build/install
Once configure has been run, simply enter
make
at the prompt to byte-compile the lisp files, extract the TEX files and build the documen-
tation files. To install the files into the locations chosen earlier, type
make install
You may need special privileges to install, e.g., if you are installing into system directo-
ries.
‘auctex-xemacs-tetex’
‘auctex-xemacs’
Those are the obvious XEmacs equivalents. For XEmacs, there is the additional
problem that the XEmacs sumo package tree already possibly provides its own
version of AUCTEX, and the user might even have used the XEmacs package
manager to updating this package, or even installing a private AUCTEX version.
So you should make sure that such a package will not conflict with existing
XEmacs packages and will be at an appropriate place in the load order (after
site-wide and user-specific locations, but before a distribution-specific sumo
package tree). Using the --without-packagedir option might be one idea to
avoid conflicts. Another might be to refrain from providing an XEmacs package
and just rely on the user or system administrator to instead use the XEmacs
package system.
TEX system, e.g. MiKTEX, is ‘C:/localtexmf’, you can do this by typing the following
command at the shell prompt:
./configure --with-xemacs=’C:/Program Files/XEmacs/bin/xemacs’ \
--with-texmf-dir=’C:/localtexmf’
The commands above are examples for common usage. More on configuration options
can be found in the detailed installation instructions below.
If the configuration script failed to find all required programs, make sure that these
programs are in your system path and add directories containing the programs to the
PATH environment variable if necessary. Here is how to do that in W2000/XP:
1. On the desktop, right click “My Computer” and select properties.
2. Click on “Advanced” in the “System Properties” window.
3. Select “Environment Variables”.
4. Select “path” in “System Variables” and click “edit”. Move to the front in the
line (this might require scrolling) and add the missing path including drive letter,
ended with a semicolon.
4. If there were no further error messages, type
make
In case there were, please refer to the detailed description below.
5. Finish the installation by typing
make install
--prefix=drive:/path/to/emacs-hierarchy
which tells ‘configure’ where to perform the installation. It may also make
‘configure’ find Emacs or XEmacs automatically; if this doesn’t happen,
try one of ‘--with-emacs’ or ‘--with-xemacs’ as described below. All
automatic detection of files and directories restricts itself to directories
below the prefix or in the same hierarchy as the program accessing the
files. Usually, directories like ‘man’, ‘share’ and ‘bin’ will be situated right
under prefix.
This option also affects the defaults for placing the Texinfo documentation
files (see also ‘--infodir’ below) and automatically generated style hooks.
If you have a central directory hierarchy (not untypical with Cygwin) for
such stuff, you might want to specify its root here. You stand a good
chance that this will be the only option you need to supply, as long as your
TEX-related executables are in your system path, which they better be for
AUCTEX’s operation, anyway.
--with-emacs
if you are installing for a version of Emacs. You can use
‘--with-emacs=drive:/path/to/emacs ’ to specify the name of the in-
stalled Emacs executable, complete with its path if necessary (if Emacs is
not within a directory specified in your PATH environment setting).
--with-xemacs
if you are installing for a version of XEmacs. Again, you can use
‘--with-xemacs=drive:/path/to/xemacs ’ to specify the name of the in-
stalled XEmacs executable complete with its path if necessary. It may also
be necessary to specify this option if a copy of Emacs is found in your PATH
environment setting, but you still would like to install a copy of AUCTEX
for XEmacs.
--with-packagedir=drive:/dir
is an XEmacs-only option giving the location of the package directory. This
will install and activate the package. Emacs uses a different installation
scheme:
--with-lispdir=drive:/path/to/site-lisp
This Emacs-only option tells a place in load-path below which the files
are situated. The startup files ‘auctex.el’ and ‘preview-latex.el’ will
get installed here unless a subdirectory ‘site-start.d’ exists which will
then be used instead. The other files from AUCTEX will be installed in a
subdirectory called ‘auctex’.
If you think that you need a different setup, please refer to the full instal-
lation instructions in Section 1.2.2 [Configure], page 5.
--infodir=drive:/path/to/info/directory
If you are installing into an Emacs directory, info files have to be put into
the ‘info’ folder below that directory. The configuration script will usually
try to install into the folder ‘share/info’, so you have to override this by
specifying something like ‘--infodir=’C:/Program Files/info’’ for the
configure call.
Chapter 1: Introduction 14
--with-auto-dir=drive:/dir
Directory containing automatically generated information. You should not
normally need to set this, as ‘--prefix’ should take care of this.
--disable-preview
Use this option if your Emacs version is unable to support image display.
This will be the case if you are using a native variant of Emacs 21.
--with-texmf-dir=drive:/dir
This will specify the directory where your TEX installation sits. If your
TEX installation does not conform to the TDS (TEX directory standard),
you may need to specify more options to get everything in place.
For more information about any of the above and additional options, see Section 1.2.2
[Configure], page 5.
Calling ‘./configure --help=recursive’ will tell about other options, but those are
almost never required.
Some executables might not be found in your path. That is not a good idea, but you
can get around by specifying environment variables to ‘configure’:
GS="drive:/path/to/gswin32c.exe " ./configure ...
should work for this purpose. ‘gswin32c.exe’ is the usual name for the required
command line executable under Windows; in contrast, ‘gswin32.exe’ is likely to fail.
As an alternative to specifying variables for the ‘configure’ call you can add directories
containing the required executables to the PATH variable of your Windows system. This
is especially a good idea if Emacs has trouble finding the respective programs later
during normal operation.
9. Run make in the installation directory.
10. Run make install in the installation directory.
11. With XEmacs, AUCTEX and preview-latex should now be active by default. With
Emacs, activation depends on a working ‘site-start.d’ directory or similar setup,
since then the startup files ‘auctex.el’ and ‘preview-latex.el’ will have been placed
there. If this has not been done, you should be able to load the startup files manually
with
(load "auctex.el" nil t t)
(load "preview-latex.el" nil t t)
in either a site-wide ‘site-start.el’ or your personal startup file (usually accessible
as ‘~/.emacs’ from within Emacs and ‘~/.xemacs/init.el’ from within XEmacs).
The default configuration of AUCTEX is probably not the best fit for Windows systems.
You might want to add
(require ’tex-mik)
or
(require ’tex-fptex)
in order to get more appropriate values for MiKTEX and fpTEX, respectively after
loading ‘auctex.el’ and ‘preview-latex.el’.
You can always use
Chapter 1: Introduction 15
1.2.8 Customizing
Most of the site-specific customization should already have happened during configuration
of AUCTEX. Any further customization can be done with customization buffers directly
in Emacs. Just type M-x customize-group RET AUCTeX RET to open the customization
group for AUCTEX or use the menu entries provided in the mode menus. Editing the file
‘tex-site.el’ as suggested in former versions of AUCTEX should not be done anymore
because the installation routine will overwrite those changes.
You might check some variables with a special significance. They are accessible directly
by typing M-x customize-variable RET <variable> RET.
Normally, AUCTEX will only allow you to complete macros and environments which are
built-in, specified in AUCTEX style files or defined by yourself. If you issue the M-x TeX-
auto-generate-global command after loading AUCTEX, you will be able to complete on
all macros available in the standard style files used by your document. To do this, you
must set this variable to a list of directories where the standard style files are located. The
directories will be searched recursively, so there is no reason to list subdirectories explicitly.
Automatic configuration will already have set the variable for you if it could use the program
‘kpsewhich’. In this case you normally don’t have to alter anything.
Chapter 1: Introduction 16
after an error (usually \noninteractive is used, to allow you to detect all errors in a single
run).
These options are controlled by toggles, the keystrokes should be easy to memorize:
C-c C-t C-p
This command toggles between DVI and PDF output
C-c C-t C-i
toggles interactive mode
C-c C-t C-s
toggles source specials support
C-c C-t C-o
toggles usage of Omega/lambda.
The ‘babel’ package provides special support for the requirements of typesetting quo-
tation marks in many different languages. If you use this package, either directly or by
loading a language-specific style file, you should also use the special commands for quote
insertion instead of the standard quotes shown above. AUCTEX is able to recognize several
of these languages and will change quote insertion accordingly. See Section 5.4.1 [European],
page 57, for details about this feature and how to control it.
In case you are using the ‘csquotes’ package, you should customize LaTeX-csquotes-
open-quote, LaTeX-csquotes-close-quote and LaTeX-csquotes-quote-after-quote.
The quotation characters will only be used if both variables—LaTeX-csquotes-open-quote
and LaTeX-csquotes-close-quote—are non-empty strings. But then the ‘csquotes’-
related values will take precedence over the language-specific ones.
Chapter 2: Editing the Document Source 21
Dollar Signs
In AUCTEX, dollar signs should match like they do in TEX. This has been partially imple-
mented, we assume dollar signs always match within a paragraph. The first ‘$’ you insert
in a paragraph will do nothing special. The second ‘$’ will match the first. This will be
indicated by moving the cursor temporarily over the first dollar sign.
TeX-insert-dollar arg [Command]
($) Insert dollar sign.
Show matching dollar sign if this dollar sign end the TEX math mode. Ensure double
dollar signs match up correctly by inserting extra dollar signs when needed if TeX-
math-close-double-dollar is non-nil.
With optional arg, insert that many dollar signs.
TeX-math-close-double-dollar [User Option]
Control the insertion of double dollar signs for delimiting display math. (Note that
you should not use double dollar signs in LaTEX because this practice can lead to
wrong spacing in typeset documents.) If the variable is non-nil and you enter a dollar
sign that matches a double dollar sign ‘$$’ AUCTEX will automatically insert two
dollar signs.
Braces
To avoid unbalanced braces, it is useful to insert them pairwise. You can do this by typing
C-c {.
TeX-insert-braces [Command]
(C-c {) Make a pair of braces and position the cursor to type inside of them. If there
is an active region, put braces around it and leave point after the closing brace.
+ 0 : part
+ 1 : chapter
+ 2 : section
+ 3 : subsection
+ 4 : subsubsection
+ 5 : paragraph
+ 6 : subparagraph
The following variables can be set to customize the function.
LaTeX-section-hook
Hooks to be run when inserting a section.
LaTeX-section-label
Prefix to all section references.
The precise behavior of LaTeX-section is defined by the contents of LaTeX-section-
hook.
LaTeX-section-hook [User Option]
List of hooks to run when a new section is inserted.
The following variables are set before the hooks are run
level Numeric section level, default set by prefix arg to LaTeX-section.
name Name of the sectioning command, derived from level.
title The title of the section, default to an empty string.
toc Entry for the table of contents list, default nil.
done-mark
Position of point afterwards, default nil meaning after the inserted text.
A number of hooks are already defined. Most likely, you will be able to get the desired
functionality by choosing from these hooks.
LaTeX-section-heading
Query the user about the name of the sectioning command. Modifies
level and name.
LaTeX-section-title
Query the user about the title of the section. Modifies title.
LaTeX-section-toc
Query the user for the toc entry. Modifies toc.
LaTeX-section-section
Insert LaTEX section command according to name, title, and toc. If toc is
nil, no toc entry is inserted. If toc or title are empty strings, done-mark
will be placed at the point they should be inserted.
LaTeX-section-label
Insert a label after the section command. Controlled by the variable
LaTeX-section-label.
Chapter 2: Editing the Document Source 24
As a default selection, AUCTEX will suggest the environment last inserted or, as the
first choice the value of the variable LaTeX-default-environment.
If the document is empty, or the cursor is placed at the top of the document, AUCTEX
will default to insert a ‘document’ environment.
Most of these are described further in the following sections, and you may easily specify
more. See Section 2.4.5 [Customizing Environments], page 26.
You can close the current environment with C-c ], but we suggest that you use C-c C-e
to insert complete environments instead.
LaTeX-close-environment [Command]
(C-c ]) Insert an ‘\end’ that matches the current environment.
2.4.1 Equations
When inserting equation-like environments, the ‘\label’ will have a default prefix, which
is controlled by the following variables:
LaTeX-equation-label [User Option]
Prefix to use for ‘equation’ labels.
LaTeX-eqnarray-label [User Option]
Prefix to use for ‘eqnarray’ labels.
LaTeX-amsmath-label [User Option]
Prefix to use for amsmath equation labels. Amsmath equations include ‘align’,
‘alignat’, ‘xalignat’, ‘aligned’, ‘flalign’ and ‘gather’.
2.4.2 Floats
Figures and tables (i.e., floats) may also be inserted using AUCTEX. After choosing either
‘figure’ or ‘table’ in the environment list described above, you will be prompted for a number
of additional things.
float position
This is the optional argument of float environments that controls how they
are placed in the final document. In LaTEX this is a sequence of the letters
‘htbp’ as described in the LaTEX manual. The value will default to the value of
LaTeX-float.
caption This is the caption of the float. The default is to insert the caption at the
bottom of the float. You can specify floats where the caption should be placed
at the top with LaTeX-top-caption-list.
label The label of this float. The label will have a default prefix, which is controlled
by the variables LaTeX-figure-label and LaTeX-table-label.
Moreover, you will be asked if you want the contents of the float environment to be
horizontally centered. Upon a positive answer a ‘\centering’ macro will be inserted at the
beginning of the float environment.
LaTeX-float [User Option]
Default placement for floats.
LaTeX-figure-label [User Option]
Prefix to use for figure labels.
Chapter 2: Editing the Document Source 26
LaTeX-insert-item [Command]
(C-c LFD) Close the current item, move to the next line and insert an appropriate
‘\item’ for the current environment. That is, ‘itemize’ and ‘enumerate’ will have
‘\item ’ inserted, while ‘description’ will have ‘\item[]’ inserted.
LaTeX-math-mode [Command]
(C-c ~) Toggle LaTeX Math mode. This is a minor mode rebinding the key LaTeX-
math-abbrev-prefix to allow easy typing of mathematical symbols. ‘ will read
a character from the keyboard, and insert the symbol as specified in LaTeX-math-
default and LaTeX-math-list. If given a prefix argument, the symbol will be sur-
rounded by dollar signs.
You can use another prefix key (instead of ‘) by setting the variable LaTeX-math-
abbrev-prefix.
To enable LaTeX Math mode by default, add the following in your ‘.emacs’ file:
(add-hook ’LaTeX-mode-hook ’LaTeX-math-mode)
Chapter 2: Editing the Document Source 27
AUCTEX’s reference card ‘tex-ref.tex’ includes a list of all math mode commands.
AUCTEX can help you write subscripts and superscripts in math constructs by au-
tomatically inserting a pair of braces after typing or ^ respectively and putting point
between the braces. In order to enable this feature, set the variable TeX-electric-sub-
and-superscript to a non-nil value.
2.6 Completion
Emacs lisp programmers probably know the lisp-complete-symbol command, usually
bound to M-TAB. Users of the wonderful ispell mode know and love the ispell-complete-
word command from that package. Similarly, AUCTEX has a TeX-complete-symbol com-
mand, by default bound to M-TAB which is equivalent to M-C-i. Using TeX-complete-
symbol makes it easier to type and remember the names of long LaTEX macros.
In order to use TeX-complete-symbol, you should write a backslash and the start of the
macro. Typing M-TAB will now complete as much of the macro, as it unambiguously can.
For example, if you type “\renewc’’ and then M-TAB, it will expand to “\renewcommand’’.
TeX-complete-symbol [Command]
(M-TAB) Complete TEX symbol before point.
Chapter 2: Editing the Document Source 28
A more direct way to insert a macro is with TeX-insert-macro, bound to C-c C-m
which is equivalent to C-c RET. It has the advantage over completion that it knows about
the argument of most standard LaTEX macros, and will prompt for them. It also knows
about the type of the arguments, so it will for example give completion for the argument
to ‘\include’. Some examples are listed below.
TeX-insert-macro [Command]
(C-c C-m or C-c RET) Prompt (with completion) for the name of a TEX macro, and
if AUCTEX knows the macro, prompt for each argument.
As a default selection, AUCTEX will suggest the macro last inserted or, as the first choice
the value of the variable TeX-default-macro.
TeX-electric-macro [Command]
Prompt (with completion) for the name of a TEX macro, and if AUCTEX knows the
macro, prompt for each argument. Space will complete and exit.
By default AUCTEX will put an empty set braces ‘{}’ after a macro with no arguments to
stop it from eating the next whitespace. This can be stopped by entering LaTeX-math-mode,
see Section 2.5 [Mathematics], page 26, or by setting TeX-insert-braces to nil.
Completions work because AUCTEX can analyze TEX files, and store symbols in Emacs
Lisp files for later retrieval. See Section 5.5 [Automatic], page 60, for more information.
Chapter 2: Editing the Document Source 29
AUCTEX will also make completion for many macro arguments, for example existing
labels when you enter a ‘\ref’ macro with TeX-insert-macro or TeX-electric-macro,
and BibTEX entries when you enter a ‘\cite’ macro. For this kind of completion to work,
parsing must be enabled as described in see Section 5.3 [Parsing Files], page 55. For
‘\cite’ you must also make sure that the BibTEX files have been saved at least once after
you enabled automatic parsing on save, and that the basename of the BibTEX file does not
conflict with the basename of one of TEX files.
2.7 Commenting
It is often necessary to comment out temporarily a region of TEX or LaTEX code. This
can be done with the commands C-c ; and C-c %. C-c ; will comment out all lines in the
current region, while C-c % will comment out the current paragraph. Type C-c ; again to
uncomment all lines of a commented region, or C-c % again to uncomment all comment
lines around point. These commands will insert or remove a single ‘%’ respectively.
TeX-comment-or-uncomment-region [Command]
(C-c ;) Add or remove ‘%’ from the beginning of each line in the current region. Un-
commenting works only if the region encloses solely commented lines. If AUCTEX
should not try to guess if the region should be commented or uncommented the com-
mands TeX-comment-region and TeX-uncomment-region can be used to explicitly
comment or uncomment the region in concern.
TeX-comment-or-uncomment-paragraph [Command]
(C-c %) Add or remove ‘%’ from the beginning of each line in the current paragraph.
When removing ‘%’ characters the paragraph is considered to consist of all preceding
and succeeding lines starting with a ‘%’, until the first non-comment line.
2.8 Indenting
Indentation means the addition of whitespace at the beginning of lines to reflect special
syntactical constructs. This makes it easier to see the structure of the document, and to
catch errors such as a missing closing brace. Thus, the indentation is done for precisely the
same reasons that you would indent ordinary computer programs.
Indentation is done by LaTEX environments and by TEX groups, that is the body of
an environment is indented by the value of LaTeX-indent-level (default 2). Also, items
of an ‘itemize-like’ environment are indented by the value of LaTeX-item-indent, default
−2. (Items are identified with the help of LaTeX-item-regexp.) If more environments are
nested, they are indented ‘accumulated’ just like most programming languages usually are
seen indented in nested constructs.
You can explicitely indent single lines, usually by pressing TAB, or marked regions by
calling indent-region on it. If you have auto-fill-mode enabled and a line is broken
while you type it, Emacs automatically cares about the indentation in the following line.
If you want to have a similar behavior upon typing RET, you can customize the variable
TeX-newline-function and change the default of newline which does no indentation to
newline-and-indent which indents the new line or reindent-then-newline-and-indent
which indents both the current and the new line.
Chapter 2: Editing the Document Source 30
There are certain LaTEX environments which should be indented in a special way, like
‘tabular’ or ‘verbatim’. Those environments may be specified in the variable LaTeX-
indent-environment-list together with their special indentation functions. Taking the
‘verbatim’ environment as an example you can see that current-indentation is used
as the indentation function. This will stop AUCTEX from doing any indentation in the
environment if you hit TAB for example.
There are environments in LaTeX-indent-environment-list which do not bring a spe-
cial indentation function with them. This is due to the fact that first the respective functions
are not implemented yet and second that filling will be disabled for the specified environ-
ments. This shall prevent the source code from being messed up by accidently filling those
environments with the standard filling routine. If you think that providing special filling
routines for such environments would be an appropriate and challenging task for you, you
are invited to contribute. (See Section 2.9 [Filling], page 31, for further information about
the filling functionality)
The check for the indentation function may be enabled or disabled by customizing the
variable LaTeX-indent-environment-check.
As a side note with regard to formatting special environments: Newer Emacsen include
‘align.el’ and therefore provide some support for formatting ‘tabular’ and ‘tabbing’
environments with the function align-current which will nicely align columns in the source
code.
AUCTEX is able to format commented parts of your code just as any other part. This
means LaTEX environments and TEX groups in comments will be indented syntactically
correct if the variable LaTeX-syntactic-comments is set to t. If you disable it, comments
will be filled like normal text and no syntactic indentation will be done.
Following you will find a list of most commands and variables related to indenting with
a small summary in each case:
TAB LaTeX-indent-line will indent the current line.
LFD newline-and-indent inserts a new line (much like RET) and moves the cursor
to an appropriate position by the left margin.
Most keyboards nowadays lack a linefeed key and C-j may be tedious to type.
Therefore you can customize AUCTEX to perform indentation upon typing RET
as well. The respective option is called TeX-newline-function.
C-j Alias for LFD
2.9 Filling
Filling deals with the insertion of line breaks to prevent lines from becoming wider than what
is specified in fill-column. The linebreaks will be inserted automatically if auto-fill-
mode is enabled. In this case the source is not only filled but also indented automatically
as you write it.
auto-fill-mode can be enabled for AUCTEX by calling turn-on-auto-fill in one of
the hooks AUCTEX is running. See Section 5.1 [Modes and Hooks], page 53. As an example,
if you want to enable auto-fill-mode in LaTeX-mode, put the following into your init file:
(add-hook ’LaTeX-mode-hook ’turn-on-auto-fill)
You can manually fill explicitely marked regions, paragraphs, environments, complete
sections, or the whole buffer. (Note that manual filling in AUCTEX will indent the start of
the region to be filled in contrast to many other Emacs modes.)
There are some syntactical constructs which are handled specially with regard to filling.
These are so-called code comments and paragraph commands.
Code comments are comments preceded by code or text in the same line. Upon filling
a region, code comments themselves will not get filled. Filling is done from the start of
the region to the line with the code comment and continues after it. In order to prevent
overfull lines in the source code, a linebreak will be inserted before the last non-comment
word by default. This can be changed by customizing LaTeX-fill-break-before-code-
comments. If you have overfull lines with code comments you can fill those explicitely by
calling LaTeX-fill-paragraph or pressing M-q with the cursor positioned on them. This
will add linebreaks in the comment and indent subsequent comment lines to the column of
the comment in the first line of the code comment. In this special case M-q only acts on the
current line and not on the whole paragraph.
Lines with ‘\par’ are treated similarly to code comments, i.e. ‘\par’ will be treated
as paragraph boundary which should not be followed by other code or text. But it is not
Chapter 2: Editing the Document Source 32
treated as a real paragraph boundary like an empty line where filling a paragraph would
stop.
Paragraph commands like ‘\section’ or ‘\noindent’ (the list of commands is defined by
LaTeX-paragraph-commands) are often to be placed in their own line(s). This means they
should not be consecuted with any preceding or following adjacent lines of text. AUCTEX
will prevent this from happening if you do not put any text except another macro after
the end of the last brace of the respective macro. If there is other text after the macro,
AUCTEX regards this as a sign that the macro is part of the following paragraph.
Here are some examples:
\begin{quote}
text text text text
\begin{quote}\label{foo}
text text text text
If you press M-q on the first line in both examples, nothing will change. But if you write
\begin{quote} text
text text text text
and press M-q, you will get
\begin{quote} text text text text text
Besides code comments and paragraph commands, another speciality of filling in
AUCTEX involves commented lines. You should be aware that these comments are treated
as islands in the rest of the LaTEX code if syntactic filling is enabled. This means, for exam-
ple, if you try to fill an environment with LaTeX-fill-environment and have the cursor
placed on a commented line which does not have a surrounding environment inside the
comment, AUCTEX will report an error.
The relevant commands and variables with regard to filling are:
C-c C-q C-p
LaTeX-fill-paragraph will fill and indent the current paragraph.
M-q Alias for C-c C-q C-p
C-c C-q C-e
LaTeX-fill-environment will fill and indent the current environment. This
may e.g. be the ‘document’ environment, in which case the entire document
will be formatted.
C-c C-q C-s
LaTeX-fill-section will fill and indent the current logical sectional unit.
C-c C-q C-r
LaTeX-fill-region will fill and indent the current region.
LaTeX-fill-break-at-separators [User Option]
List of separators before or after which respectively linebreaks will be inserted if they
do not fit into one line. The separators can be curly braces, brackets, switches for
inline math (‘$’, ‘\(’, ‘\)’) and switches for display math (‘\[’, ‘\]’). Such formatting
can be useful to make macros and math more visible or to prevent overfull lines in
the LaTEX source in case a package for displaying formatted TEX output inside the
Emacs buffer, like preview-latex, is used.
Chapter 2: Editing the Document Source 33
font-latex provides many options for customization which are accessible with M-x
customize-group RET font-latex RET. For this description the various options are ex-
plained in conceptional groups.
1. Commands of the form ‘\foo[bar]{baz}’ which consist of the macro itself, optional
arguments in square brackets and mandatory arguments in curly braces. For the com-
mand itself the face font-lock-keyword-face will be used and for the optional argu-
ments the face font-lock-variable-name-face. The face applied to the mandatory
argument depends on the macro class represented by the respective built-in variables.
2. Declaration macros of the form ‘{\foo text}’ which consist of the macro which may
be enclosed in a TEX group together with text to be affected by the macro. In case a
TEX group is present, the macro will get the face font-lock-keyword-face and the
text will get the face configured for the respective macro class. If no TEX group is
present, the latter face will be applied to the macro itself.
3. Simple macros of the form ‘\foo’ which do not have any arguments or groupings. The
respective face will be applied to the macro itself.
Customization variables for ‘\foo[bar]{baz}’ type macros allow both the macro name
and the sequence of arguments to be specified. The latter is done with a string which can
contain the characters
‘*’ indicating the existence of a starred variant for the macro,
‘[’ for optional arguments in brackets,
‘{’ for mandatory arguments in braces,
‘\’ for mandatory arguments consisting of a single macro and
‘|’ as a prefix indicating that two alternatives are following.
For example the specifier for ‘\documentclass’ would be ‘[{’ because the macro has one
optional followed by one mandatory argument. The specifier for ‘\newcommand’ would be
‘*|{\[[{’ because there is a starred variant, the mandatory argument following the macro
name can be a macro or a TEX group which can be followed by two optional arguments and
the last token is a mandatory argument in braces.
Customization variables for the ‘{\foo text}’ and ‘\foo’ types are simple lists of strings
where each entry is a macro name (without the leading backslash).
font-latex-match-variable-keywords
Keywords for macros defining or related to variables, like ‘\setlength’.
Type: ‘\macro[...]{...}’
Face: font-lock-variable-name-face
font-latex-match-warning-keywords
Keywords for important macros, e.g. affecting line or page break, like
‘\clearpage’.
Type: ‘\macro’
Face: font-latex-warning-face
Sectioning commands
Sectioning commands are macros like ‘\chapter’ or ‘\section’. For these commands there
are two fontification schemes which may be selected by customizing the variable font-
latex-fontify-sectioning.
You can make font-latex aware of your own sectioning commands be adding them to the
keyword lists: font-latex-match-sectioning-0-keywords (font-latex-sectioning-
0-face) . . . font-latex-match-sectioning-5-keywords (font-latex-sectioning-5-
face).
Related to sectioning there is special support for slide titles which may be fontified with
the face font-latex-slide-title-face. You can add macros which should appear in this
face by customizing the variable font-latex-match-slide-title-keywords.
font-latex-match-bold-command-keywords
Keywords for commands specifying a bold type style.
Face: font-latex-bold-face
font-latex-match-italic-command-keywords
Keywords for commands specifying an italic font.
Face: font-latex-italic-face
font-latex-match-math-command-keywords
Keywords for commands specifying a math font.
Face: font-latex-math-face
font-latex-match-type-command-keywords
Keywords for commands specifying a typewriter font.
Face: font-lock-type-face
font-latex-match-bold-declaration-keywords
Keywords for declarations specifying a bold type style.
Face: font-latex-bold-face
font-latex-match-italic-declaration-keywords
Keywords for declarations specifying an italic font.
Face: font-latex-italic-face
font-latex-match-type-declaration-keywords
Keywords for declarations specifying a typewriter font.
Face: font-latex-type-face
you might find certain environments or comments distracting when trying to concentrate
on the body of your document.
With AUCTEX’s folding functionality you can collapse those items and replace them by
a fixed string, the content of one of their arguments, or a mixture of both. If you want
to make the original text visible again in order to view or edit it, move point sideways
onto the placeholder (also called display string) or left-click with the mouse pointer on
it. (The latter is currently only supported on Emacs.) The macro or environment will
unfold automatically, stay open as long as point is inside of it and collapse again once you
move point out of it. (Note that folding of environments currently does not work in every
AUCTEX mode.)
In order to use this feature, you have to activate TeX-fold-mode which will activate the
auto-reveal feature and the necessary commands to hide and show macros and environments.
You can activate the mode in a certain buffer by typing the command M-x TeX-fold-mode
RET or using the keyboard shortcut C-c C-o C-f. If you want to use it every time you edit
a LaTEX document, add it to a hook:
(add-hook ’LaTeX-mode-hook (lambda ()
(TeX-fold-mode 1)))
If it should be activated in all AUCTEX modes, use TeX-mode-hook instead of LaTeX-
mode-hook.
Once the mode is active there are several commands available to hide and show macros,
environments and comments:
TeX-fold-buffer [Command]
(C-c C-o C-b) Hide all foldable items in the current buffer according to the setting
of TeX-fold-type-list.
If you want to have this done automatically every time you open a file, add it to a
hook and make sure the function is called after font locking is set up for the buffer.
The following code should accomplish this:
(add-hook ’find-file-hook ’TeX-fold-buffer t)
The command can be used any time to refresh the whole buffer and fold any new
macros and environments which were inserted after the last invocation of the com-
mand.
TeX-fold-region [Command]
(C-c C-o C-r) Hide all configured macros in the marked region.
TeX-fold-paragraph [Command]
(C-c C-o C-p) Hide all configured macros in the paragraph containing point.
TeX-fold-macro [Command]
(C-c C-o C-m) Hide the macro on which point currently is located. If the name of the
macro is found in TeX-fold-macro-spec-list, the respective display string will be
shown instead. If it is not found, the name of the macro in sqare brackets or the de-
fault string for unspecified macros (TeX-fold-unspec-macro-display-string) will
be shown, depending on the value of the variable TeX-fold-unspec-use-name.
TeX-fold-env [Command]
(C-c C-o C-e) Hide the environment on which point currently is located. The be-
havior regarding the display string is analogous to TeX-fold-macro and determined
by the variables TeX-fold-env-spec-list and TeX-fold-unspec-env-display-
string respectively.
TeX-fold-math [Command]
Hide the math macro on which point currently is located. If the name of the macro
is found in TeX-fold-math-spec-list, the respective display string will be shown
instead. If it is not found, the name of the macro in sqare brackets or the default string
for unspecified macros (TeX-fold-unspec-macro-display-string) will be shown,
depending on the value of the variable TeX-fold-unspec-use-name.
TeX-fold-comment [Command]
(C-c C-o C-c) Hide the comment point is located on.
TeX-fold-clearout-buffer [Command]
(C-c C-o b) Permanently unfold all macros and environments in the current buffer.
TeX-fold-clearout-region [Command]
(C-c C-o r) Permanently unfold all macros and environments in the marked region.
TeX-fold-clearout-paragraph [Command]
(C-c C-o p) Permanently unfold all macros and environments in the paragraph con-
taining point.
TeX-fold-clearout-item [Command]
(C-c C-o i) Permanently show the macro or environment on which point currently is
located. In contrast to temporarily opening the macro when point is moved sideways
onto it, the macro will be permanently unfolded and will not collapse again once point
is leaving it.
Chapter 3: Controlling Screen Display 42
TeX-fold-dwim [Command]
(C-c C-o C-o) Hide or show items according to the current context. If there is folded
content, unfold it. If there is a marked region, fold all configured content in this
region. If there is no folded content but a macro or environment, fold it.
In case you want to use a different prefix than C-c C-o for these commands you can
customize the variable TeX-fold-command-prefix. (Note that this will not change the key
binding for activating the mode.)
The commands above will only take macros or environments into consideration which
are specified in the variables TeX-fold-macro-spec-list or TeX-fold-env-spec-list
respectively.
applied to LaTEX mode, you can use the mode-specific variables LaTeX-fold-macro-spec-
list, LaTeX-fold-env-spec-list, and LaTeX-fold-math-spec-list
When you hover with the mouse pointer over folded content, its original text will be
shown in a tooltip or the echo area depending on Tooltip mode being activate. In order
to avoid exorbitantly big tooltips and to cater for the limited space in the echo area the
content will be cropped after a certain amount of characters defined by the variable TeX-
fold-help-echo-max-length.
TeX-outline-extra [Variable]
List of extra TEX outline levels.
Each element is a list with two entries. The first entry is the regular expression
matching a header, and the second is the level of the header. A ‘^’ is automatically
prepended to the regular expressions in the list, so they must match text at the
beginning of the line.
See LaTeX-section-list or ConTeXt-INTERFACE-section-list for existing header
levels.
The following example add ‘\item’ and ‘\bibliography’ headers, with ‘\bibliography’
at the same outline level as ‘\section’, and ‘\item’ being below ‘\subparagraph’.
(setq TeX-outline-extra
’(("[ \t]*\\\\\\(bib\\)?item\\b" 7)
("\\\\bibliography\\b" 2)))
You may want to check out the unbundled ‘out-xtra’ package for even better outline
support. It is available from your favorite emacs lisp archive.
Chapter 4: Starting Processors, Viewers and Other Programs 44
TeX-command-region [Command]
(C-c C-r) Query the user for a command, and run it on the contents of the selected
region. The region contents are written into the region file, after extracting the header
and trailer from the master file. If mark is inactive (which can happen with Transient
Mark mode), use the old region. See also the command TeX-pin-region about how
to fix a region.
The name of the region file is controlled by the variable TeX-region. The name of the
master file is controlled by the variable TeX-master. The header is all text up to the
line matching the regular expression TeX-header-end. The trailer is all text from the
line matching the regular expression TeX-trailer-start. The available commands
are controlled by the variable TeX-command-list.
TeX-command-buffer [Command]
(C-c C-b) Query the user for a command, and apply it to the contents of the current
buffer. The buffer contents are written into the region file, after extracting the header
and trailer from the master file. The command is then actually run on the region file.
See above for details.
TeX-region [User Option]
The name of the file for temporarily storing the text when formatting the current
region.
Chapter 4: Starting Processors, Viewers and Other Programs 45
If you want to change the values of TeX-header-end and TeX-trailer-start you can
do this for all files by setting the variables in a mode hook or per file by specifying them as
file variables (see Section “File Variables” in The Emacs Editor).
TeX-pin-region [Command]
(C-c C-t C-r) If you don’t have a mode like Transient Mark mode active, where
marks get disabled automatically, the region would need to get properly set before
each call to TeX-command-region. If you fix the current region with C-c C-t C-r,
then it will get used for more commands even though mark and point may change.
An explicitly activated mark, however, will always define a new region when calling
TeX-command-region.
AUCTEX will allow one process for each document, plus one process for the region file
to be active at the same time. Thus, if you are editing n different documents, you can have
n plus one processes running at the same time. If the last process you started was on the
region, the commands described in Section 4.3 [Debugging], page 50 and Section 4.5 [Con-
trol], page 51 will work on that process, otherwise they will work on the process associated
with the current document.
As mentioned before, AUCTEX will try to guess what command you want to invoke.
If you want to use another command than ‘TeX’, ‘LaTeX’ or whatever processor AUCTEX
thinks is appropriate for the current mode, set the variable TeX-command-default. You
can do this for all files by setting it in a mode hook or per file by specifying it as a file
variable (see Section “File Variables” in The Emacs Editor).
After confirming a command to execute, AUCTEX will try to save any buffers related
to the document, and check if the document needs to be reformatted. If the variable TeX-
save-query is non-nil, AUCTEX will query before saving each file. By default AUCTEX
will check emacs buffers associated with files in the current directory, in one of the TeX-
macro-private directories, and in the TeX-macro-global directories. You can change this
by setting the variable TeX-check-path.
TeX-PDF-mode [Command]
(C-c C-t C-p) This command toggles the PDF mode of AUCTEX, a buffer-local minor
mode. You can customize TeX-PDF-mode to give it a different default. The default
is used when AUCTEX does not have additional clue about what a document might
want. This option usually results in calling either PDFTEX or ordinary TEX.
TeX-interactive-mode [Command]
(C-c C-t C-i) This command toggles the interactive mode of AUCTEX, a global minor
mode. You can customize TeX-interactive-mode to give it a different default. In
interactive mode, TEX will pause with an error prompt when errors are encountered
and wait for the user to type something.
TeX-source-correlate-mode [Command]
(C-c C-t C-s) Toggles support for forward and inverse search. Forward search refers
to jumping to the place in the previewed document corresponding to where point
Chapter 4: Starting Processors, Viewers and Other Programs 47
is located in the document source and inverse search to the other way round. See
Section 4.2.2 [I/O Correlation], page 50.
You can permanently activate TeX-source-correlate-mode by customizing the vari-
able TeX-source-correlate-mode. There is a bunch of customization options for the
mode, use M-x customize-group RET TeX-view RET to find out more.
AUCTEX is aware of three different means to do I/O correlation: source specials
(only DVI output), the pdfsync LaTEX package (only PDF output) and SyncTEX.
The choice between source specials and SyncTEX can be controlled with the variable
TeX-source-correlate-method.
Should you use source specials it has to be stressed very strongly however, that source
specials can cause differences in page breaks and spacing, can seriously interfere with
various packages and should thus never be used for the final version of a document. In
particular, fine-tuning the page breaks should be done with source specials switched
off.
AUCTEX also allows you to easily select different TEX engines for processing, either by
using the entries in the ‘TeXing Options’ submenu below the ‘Command’ menu or by calling
the function TeX-engine-set. These eventually set the variable TeX-engine which you can
also modify directly.
Note that TeX-engine is buffer-local, so setting the variable directly or via the above
mentioned menu or function will not take effect in other buffers. If you want to activate
an engine for all AUCTEX modes, set TeX-engine in your init file, e.g. by using M-x
customize-variable <RET>. If you want to activate it for a certain AUCTEX mode only,
set the variable in the respective mode hook. If you want to activate it for certain files, set
it through file variables (see Section “File Variables” in The Emacs Editor).
Should you need to change the executable names related to the different engine settings,
there are some variables you can tweak. Those are TeX-command, LaTeX-command, TeX-
Omega-command, LaTeX-Omega-command, ConTeXt-engine and ConTeXt-Omega-engine.
The rest of the executables is defined directly in TeX-engine-alist-builtin. If you want
to override an entry from that, add an entry to TeX-engine-alist that starts with the
same symbol as that the entry in the built-in list and specify the executables you want to
use instead. You can also add entries to TeX-engine-alist in order to add support for
engines not covered per default.
for the ‘--engine’ parameter of ConTeXt’s ‘texexec’ program. Each command can
either be a variable or a string. An empty string or nil means there is no command
available.
TeX-view [Command]
(C-c C-v) Start a viewer without confirmation. The viewer is started either on a
region or the master file, depending on the last command issued. This is especially
useful for jumping to the location corresponding to point in the viewer when using
TeX-source-correlate-mode.
AUCTEX will try to guess which type of viewer (DVI, PostScript or PDF) has to be used
and what options are to be passed over to it. This decision is based on the output files
present in the working directory as well as the class and style options used in the document.
For example, if there is a DVI file in your working directory, a DVI viewer will be invoked.
In case of a PDF file it will be a PDF viewer. If you specified a special paper format like
‘a5paper’ or use the ‘landscape’ option, this will be passed to the viewer by the appropriate
options. Especially some DVI viewers depend on this kind of information in order to display
your document correctly. In case you are using ‘pstricks’ or ‘psfrag’ in your document,
a DVI viewer cannot display the contents correctly and a PostScript viewer will be invoked
instead.
The association between the tests for the conditions mentioned above and the viewers is
made in the variable TeX-view-program-selection. Therefore this variable is the starting
point for customization if you want to use other viewers than the ones suggested by default.
AUCTEX comes with a set of preconfigured predicates and viewer commands which are
stored in the variables TeX-view-predicate-list-builtin and TeX-view-program-list-
builtin respectively. If you are not satisfied with those and want to overwrite one of them
or add your own definitions, you can do so via the variables TeX-view-predicate-list
and TeX-view-program-list.
Note that the viewer selection and invocation as described above will only work if certain
default settings in AUCTEX are intact. For one, the whole viewer selection machinery will
only be triggered if the ‘%V’ expander in TeX-expand-list is unchanged. So if you have
trouble with the viewer invocation you might check if there is an older customization of the
variable in place. In addition, the use of a function in TeX-view-program-list only works
if the View command in TeX-command-list makes use of the hook TeX-run-discard-or-
function.
Note also that the implementation described above replaces an older one which was less
flexible. This old implementation works with the variables TeX-output-view-style and
TeX-view-style which are used to associate file types and style options with viewers. If
desired you can reactivate it by using the placeholder ‘%vv’ for the View command in TeX-
command-list. Note however, that it is bound to be removed from AUCTEX once the new
implementation proved to be satisfactory. For the time being, find a short description of
the mentioned customization options below.
Inverse search, i.e. jumping to the part of your document source in Emacs corresponding
to a certain position in the viewer, is triggered from the viewer, typically by a mouse click.
Refer to the documentation of your viewer to find out how it has to be configured and what
you have to do exactly. In xdvi you normally have to use C-down-mouse-1.
TeX-next-error [Command]
(C-c ‘) Go to the next error reported by TEX. The view will be split in two, with the
cursor placed as close as possible to the error in the top view. In the bottom view,
the error message will be displayed along with some explanatory text.
Normally AUCTEX will only report real errors, but you may as well ask it to report ‘bad
boxes’ and warnings as well.
Chapter 4: Starting Processors, Viewers and Other Programs 51
TeX-toggle-debug-bad-boxes [Command]
(C-c C-t C-b) Toggle whether AUCTEX should stop at bad boxes (i.e. overfull and
underfull boxes) as well as normal errors.
TeX-toggle-debug-warnings [Command]
(C-c C-t C-w) Toggle whether AUCTEX should stop at warnings as well as normal
errors.
As default, AUCTEX will display a special help buffer containing the error reported by
TEX along with the documentation. There is however an ‘expert’ option, which allows you
to display the real TEX output.
TeX-kill-job [Command]
(C-c C-k) Kill currently running external application. This may be either of TEX,
LaTEX, previewer, BibTEX, etc.
TeX-recenter-output-buffer [Command]
(C-c C-l) Recenter the output buffer so that the bottom line is visible.
TeX-home-buffer [Command]
(C-c ^) Go to the ‘master’ file in the document associated with the current buffer, or
if already there, to the file where the current process was started.
Chapter 4: Starting Processors, Viewers and Other Programs 52
You should always set this variable to the name of the top level document. If you always
use the same name for your top level documents, you can set TeX-master in your ‘.emacs’
file.
(setq-default TeX-master "master") ; All master files called "master".
TeX-master-file-ask [Command]
(C-c _) Query for the name of a master file and add the respective File Variables
(see Section “File Variables” in The Emacs Editor) to the file for setting this variable
permanently.
AUCTEX will not ask for a master file when it encounters existing files. This function
shall give you the possibility to insert the variable manually.
AUCTEX keeps track of macros, environments, labels, and style files that are used in
a given document. For this to work with multifile documents, AUCTEX has to have a
place to put the information about the files in the document. This is done by having an
‘auto’ subdirectory placed in the directory where your document is located. Each time
you save a file, AUCTEX will write information about the file into the ‘auto’ directory.
When you load a file, AUCTEX will read the information in the ‘auto’ directory about the
file you loaded and the master file specified by TeX-master. Since the master file (perhaps
indirectly) includes all other files in the document, AUCTEX will get information from all
files in the document. This means that you will get from each file, for example, completion
for all labels defined anywhere in the document.
AUCTEX will create the ‘auto’ directory automatically if TeX-auto-save is non-nil.
Without it, the files in the document will not know anything about each other, except for
the name of the master file. See Section 5.5.3 [Automatic Local], page 62.
TeX-save-document [Command]
(C-c C-d) Save all buffers known to belong to the current document.
Chapter 5: Customization and Extension 55
When AUCTEX saves your buffer, it can optionally convert all tabs in your buffer into
spaces. Tabs confuse AUCTEX’s error message parsing and so should generally be avoided.
However, tabs are significant in some environments, and so by default AUCTEX does not
remove them. To convert tabs to spaces when saving a buffer, insert the following in your
‘.emacs’ file:
(setq TeX-auto-untabify t)
Instead of disabling the parsing entirely, you can also speed it significantly up by limiting
the information it will search for (and store) when parsing the buffer. You can do this by
setting the default values for the buffer local variables TeX-auto-regexp-list and TeX-
auto-parse-length in your ‘.emacs’ file.
;; Only parse LaTeX class and package information.
(setq-default TeX-auto-regexp-list ’LaTeX-auto-minimal-regexp-list)
;; The class and package information is usually near the beginning.
(setq-default TeX-auto-parse-length 2000)
This example will speed the parsing up significantly, but AUCTEX will no longer be
able to provide completion for labels, macros, environments, or bibitems specified in the
document, nor will it know what files belong to the document.
These variables can also be specified on a per file basis, by changing the file local variables.
%%% Local Variables:
%%% TeX-auto-regexp-list: TeX-auto-full-regexp-list
%%% TeX-auto-parse-length: 999999
%%% End:
The pre-specified lists of regexps are defined below. You can use these before loading
AUCTEX by quoting them, as in the example above.
TeX-auto-empty-regexp-list [Constant]
Parse nothing
LaTeX-auto-minimal-regexp-list [Constant]
Only parse LaTEX class and packages.
LaTeX-auto-label-regexp-list [Constant]
Only parse LaTEX labels.
LaTeX-auto-regexp-list [Constant]
Parse common LaTEX commands.
plain-TeX-auto-regexp-list [Constant]
Parse common plain TEX commands.
TeX-auto-full-regexp-list [Constant]
Parse all TEX and LaTEX commands that AUCTEX can use.
Chapter 5: Customization and Extension 57
(add-hook ’TeX-language-dk-hook
(lambda () (ispell-change-dictionary "danish")))
The following style files are recognized:
‘bulgarian’
Runs style hook TeX-language-bg-hook. Gives ‘"’ word syntax, makes the "
key insert a literal ‘"’. Typing " twice will insert insert ‘"‘’ or ‘"’’ depending
on context. Typing - twice will insert ‘"=’, three times ‘--’.
‘czech’ Runs style hook TeX-language-cz-hook. Pressing " will insert ‘\uv{’ and ‘}’
depending on context.
‘danish’ Runs style hook TeX-language-dk-hook. Pressing " will insert ‘"‘’ and ‘"’’
depending on context. Typing - twice will insert ‘"=’, i.e. a hyphen string
allowing hyphenation in the composing words.
‘dutch’ Runs style hook TeX-language-nl-hook.
‘german’
‘ngerman’ Runs style hook TeX-language-de-hook. Gives ‘"’ word syntax, makes the "
key insert a literal ‘"’. Pressing the key twice will give you opening or closing
German quotes (‘"‘’ or ‘"’’). Typing - twice will insert ‘"=’, three times ‘--’.
‘frenchb’
‘francais’
Runs style hook TeX-language-fr-hook. Pressing " will insert ‘\\og’ and
‘\\fg’ depending on context. Note that the language name for customizing
TeX-quote-language-alist is ‘french’.
‘icelandic’
Runs style hook TeX-language-is-hook. Gives ‘"’ word syntax, makes the "
key insert a literal ‘"’. Typing " twice will insert insert ‘"‘’ or ‘"’’ depending
on context. Typing - twice will insert ‘"=’, three times ‘--’.
‘italian’ Runs style hook TeX-language-it-hook. Pressing " will insert ‘"<’ and ‘">’
depending on context.
‘polish’ Runs style hook TeX-language-pl-hook. Gives ‘"’ word syntax and makes the
" key insert a literal ‘"’. Pressing " twice will insert ‘"‘’ or ‘"’’ depending on
context.
‘polski’ Runs style hook TeX-language-pl-hook. Makes the " key insert a literal ‘"’.
Pressing " twice will insert ‘,,’ or ‘’’’ depending on context.
‘slovak’ Runs style hook TeX-language-sk-hook. Pressing " will insert ‘\uv{’ and ‘}’
depending on context.
‘swedish’ Runs style hook TeX-language-sv-hook. Pressing " will insert ‘’’’. Typing -
twice will insert ‘"=’, three times ‘--’.
Replacement of language-specific hyphen strings like ‘"=’ with dashes does not require
to type - three times in a row. You can put point after the hypen string anytime and trigger
the replacement by typing -.
Chapter 5: Customization and Extension 59
In case you are not satisfied with the suggested behavior of quote and hyphen insertion
you can change it by customizing the variables TeX-quote-language-alist and LaTeX-
babel-hyphen-language-alist respectively.
The defaults of hyphen insertion are defined by the variables LaTeX-babel-hyphen and
LaTeX-babel-hyphen-after-hyphen respectively.
By default, when AUCTEX searches a directory for files, it will recursively search through
subdirectories.
Chapter 5: Customization and Extension 61
By default, AUCTEX will ignore files name ‘.’, ‘..’, ‘SCCS’, ‘RCS’, and ‘CVS’.
(TeX-add-style-hook
"book"
(lambda ()
(LaTeX-largest-level-set "chapter")))
This file specifies that the largest kind of section in a LaTEX document using the book
document style is chapter. The interesting thing to notice is that the style file defines an
(anonymous) function, and adds it to the list of loaded style hooks by calling TeX-add-
style-hook.
The first time the user indirectly tries to access some style specific information, such as
the largest sectioning command available, the style hooks for all files directly or indirectly
read by the current document is executed. The actual files will only be evaluated once, but
the hooks will be called for each buffer using the style file.
Chapter 5: Customization and Extension 63
list If the car is a string, insert it as a prompt and the next element as initial input.
Otherwise, call the car of the list with the remaining elements as arguments.
vector Optional argument. If it has more than one element, parse it as a list, otherwise
parse the only element as above. Use square brackets instead of curly braces,
and is not inserted on empty user input.
A lot of argument hooks have already been defined. The first argument to all hooks is
a flag indicating if it is an optional argument. It is up to the hook to determine what to
do with the remaining arguments, if any. Typically the next argument is used to overwrite
the default prompt.
TeX-arg-conditional
Implements if EXPR THEN ELSE. If EXPR evaluates to true, parse THEN as
an argument list, else parse ELSE as an argument list.
TeX-arg-literal
Insert its arguments into the buffer. Used for specifying extra syntax for a
macro.
TeX-arg-free
Parse its arguments but use no braces when they are inserted.
TeX-arg-eval
Evaluate arguments and insert the result in the buffer.
TeX-arg-label
Prompt for a label completing with known labels.
TeX-arg-macro
Prompt for a TEX macro with completion.
TeX-arg-environment
Prompt for a LaTEX environment with completion.
TeX-arg-cite
Prompt for a BibTEX citation.
TeX-arg-counter
Prompt for a LaTEX counter.
TeX-arg-savebox
Prompt for a LaTEX savebox.
TeX-arg-file
Prompt for a filename in the current directory, and use it without the extension.
TeX-arg-input-file
Prompt for the name of an input file in TEX’s search path, and use it without
the extension. Run the style hooks for the file.
TeX-arg-define-label
Prompt for a label completing with known labels. Add label to list of defined
labels.
Chapter 5: Customization and Extension 65
TeX-arg-define-macro
Prompt for a TEX macro with completion. Add macro to list of defined macros.
TeX-arg-define-environment
Prompt for a LaTEX environment with completion. Add environment to list of
defined environments.
TeX-arg-define-cite
Prompt for a BibTEX citation.
TeX-arg-define-counter
Prompt for a LaTEX counter.
TeX-arg-define-savebox
Prompt for a LaTEX savebox.
TeX-arg-corner
Prompt for a LaTEX side or corner position with completion.
TeX-arg-lr
Prompt for a LaTEX side with completion.
TeX-arg-tb
Prompt for a LaTEX side with completion.
TeX-arg-pagestyle
Prompt for a LaTEX pagestyle with completion.
TeX-arg-verb
Prompt for delimiter and text.
TeX-arg-pair
Insert a pair of numbers, use arguments for prompt. The numbers are sur-
rounded by parentheses and separated with a comma.
TeX-arg-size
Insert width and height as a pair. No arguments.
TeX-arg-coordinate
Insert x and y coordinates as a pair. No arguments.
If you add new hooks, you can assume that point is placed directly after the previous
argument, or after the macro name if this is the first argument. Please leave point located
after the argument you are inserting. If you want point to be located somewhere else after
all hooks have been processed, set the value of exit-mark. It will point nowhere, until the
argument hook sets it.
(LaTeX-add-environments
’("document" LaTeX-env-document)
’("enumerate" LaTeX-env-item)
’("itemize" LaTeX-env-item)
’("list" LaTeX-env-list))))
It is completely up to the environment hook to insert the environment, but the function
LaTeX-insert-environment may be of some help. The hook will be called with the name
of the environment as its first argument, and extra arguments can be provided by adding
them to a list after the hook.
For simple environments with arguments, for example defined with ‘\newenvironment’,
you can make AUCTEX prompt for the arguments by giving the prompt strings in the call
to LaTeX-add-environments. The fact that an argument is optional can be indicated by
wrapping the prompt string in a vector.
For example, if you have defined a loop environment with the three arguments from, to,
and step, you can add support for them in a style file.
%% loop.sty
\newenvironment{loop}[3]{...}{...}
;; loop.el
(TeX-add-style-hook
"loop"
(lambda ()
(LaTeX-add-environments
’("loop" "From" "To" "Step"))))
If an environment is defined multiple times, AUCTEX will choose the one with the longest
definition. Thus, if you have an enumerate style file, and want it to replace the standard
LaTEX enumerate hook above, you could define an ‘enumerate.el’ file as follows, and place
it in the appropriate style directory.
(TeX-add-style-hook
"latex"
(lambda ()
(LaTeX-add-environments
’("enumerate" LaTeX-env-enumerate foo))))
LaTeX-env-item
Insert the given environment and the first item.
LaTeX-env-figure
Insert the given figure-like environment with a caption and a label.
LaTeX-env-array
Insert the given array-like environment with position and column specifications.
LaTeX-env-label
Insert the given environment with a label.
LaTeX-env-list
Insert the given list-like environment, a specifier for the label and the first item.
LaTeX-env-minipage
Insert the given minipage-like environment with position and width specifica-
tions.
LaTeX-env-tabular*
Insert the given tabular*-like environment with width, position and column
specifications.
LaTeX-env-picture
Insert the given environment with width and height specifications.
LaTeX-env-bib
Insert the given environment with a label for a bibitem.
LaTeX-env-contents
Insert the given environment with a filename as its argument.
LaTeX-env-args
Insert the given environment with arguments. You can use this as a hook in
case you want to specify multiple complex arguments just like in elements of
TeX-add-symbols. This is most useful if the specification of arguments to be
prompted for with strings and strings wrapped in a vector as described above
is too limited.
Here is an example from ‘listings.el’ which calls a function with one ar-
gument in order to prompt for a key=value list to be inserted as an optional
argument of the ‘lstlisting’ environment:
(LaTeX-add-environments
‘("lstlisting" LaTeX-env-args
[TeX-arg-key-val ,LaTeX-listings-key-val-options]))
;;; Code:
(defvar TeX-newmacro-regexp
’("\\\\newmacro{\\\\\\([a-zA-Z]+\\)}{\\\\\\([a-zA-Z]+\\)}"
(1 2) TeX-auto-multi)
"Matches \newmacro definitions.")
(defun TeX-macro-cleanup ()
"Move symbols from ‘TeX-auto-multi’ to ‘TeX-auto-symbol’."
(mapcar (lambda (list)
(mapcar (lambda (symbol)
(setq TeX-auto-symbol
(cons symbol TeX-auto-symbol)))
list))
TeX-auto-multi))
(defun TeX-macro-prepare ()
"Clear ‘Tex-auto-multi’ before use."
(setq TeX-auto-multi nil))
(TeX-add-style-hook
"macro"
(lambda ()
Chapter 5: Customization and Extension 69
(TeX-auto-add-regexp TeX-newmacro-regexp)
(TeX-add-symbols ’("newmacro"
TeX-arg-macro
(TeX-arg-macro "Capitalized macro: \\")
t
"BibTeX entry: "
nil))))
TeX-auto-regexp-list [Variable]
List of regular expressions matching TEX macro definitions.
The list has the following format ((REGEXP MATCH TABLE) . . . ), that is, each
entry is a list with three elements.
REGEXP. Regular expression matching the macro we want to parse.
MATCH. A number or list of numbers, each representing one parenthesized subex-
pression matched by REGEXP.
TABLE. The symbol table to store the data. This can be a function, in which case the
function is called with the argument MATCH. Use TeX-match-buffer to get match
data. If it is not a function, it is presumed to be the name of a variable containing
a list of match data. The matched data (a string if MATCH is a number, a list of
strings if MATCH is a list of numbers) is put in front of the table.
relationship could be a matter of historical connection with the subject or with related
matters, or of legal, commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding
them.
The “Invariant Sections” are certain Secondary Sections whose titles are designated, as
being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice that says that the Document is released
under this License. If a section does not fit the above definition of Secondary then it is
not allowed to be designated as Invariant. The Document may contain zero Invariant
Sections. If the Document does not identify any Invariant Sections then there are none.
The “Cover Texts” are certain short passages of text that are listed, as Front-Cover
Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that the Document is released under
this License. A Front-Cover Text may be at most 5 words, and a Back-Cover Text may
be at most 25 words.
A “Transparent” copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy, represented
in a format whose specification is available to the general public, that is suitable for
revising the document straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images com-
posed of pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available drawing
editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or for automatic translation to
a variety of formats suitable for input to text formatters. A copy made in an otherwise
Transparent file format whose markup, or absence of markup, has been arranged to
thwart or discourage subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent. An image
format is not Transparent if used for any substantial amount of text. A copy that is
not “Transparent” is called “Opaque”.
Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain ascii without
markup, Texinfo input format, LaTEX input format, SGML or XML using a publicly
available DTD, and standard-conforming simple HTML, PostScript or PDF designed for
human modification. Examples of transparent image formats include PNG, XCF and
JPG. Opaque formats include proprietary formats that can be read and edited only
by proprietary word processors, SGML or XML for which the DTD and/or processing
tools are not generally available, and the machine-generated HTML, PostScript or PDF
produced by some word processors for output purposes only.
The “Title Page” means, for a printed book, the title page itself, plus such following
pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material this License requires to appear in the
title page. For works in formats which do not have any title page as such, “Title Page”
means the text near the most prominent appearance of the work’s title, preceding the
beginning of the body of the text.
The “publisher” means any person or entity that distributes copies of the Document
to the public.
A section “Entitled XYZ” means a named subunit of the Document whose title either
is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses following text that translates XYZ in
another language. (Here XYZ stands for a specific section name mentioned below, such
as “Acknowledgements”, “Dedications”, “Endorsements”, or “History”.) To “Preserve
the Title” of such a section when you modify the Document means that it remains a
section “Entitled XYZ” according to this definition.
The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice which states that
this License applies to the Document. These Warranty Disclaimers are considered to
Appendix A: Copying, Changes, Development, FAQ 72
If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or appendices that qualify
as Secondary Sections and contain no material copied from the Document, you may at
your option designate some or all of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their
titles to the list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version’s license notice. These
titles must be distinct from any other section titles.
You may add a section Entitled “Endorsements”, provided it contains nothing but
endorsements of your Modified Version by various parties—for example, statements of
peer review or that the text has been approved by an organization as the authoritative
definition of a standard.
You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a passage of up
to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list of Cover Texts in the Modified
Version. Only one passage of Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be
added by (or through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already
includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or by arrangement
made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of, you may not add another; but
you may replace the old one, on explicit permission from the previous publisher that
added the old one.
The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License give permission
to use their names for publicity for or to assert or imply endorsement of any Modified
Version.
5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS
You may combine the Document with other documents released under this License,
under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified versions, provided that you
include in the combination all of the Invariant Sections of all of the original documents,
unmodified, and list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its license
notice, and that you preserve all their Warranty Disclaimers.
The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and multiple identical
Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single copy. If there are multiple Invariant
Sections with the same name but different contents, make the title of each such section
unique by adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original author or
publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number. Make the same adjustment
to the section titles in the list of Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined
work.
In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled “History” in the vari-
ous original documents, forming one section Entitled “History”; likewise combine any
sections Entitled “Acknowledgements”, and any sections Entitled “Dedications”. You
must delete all sections Entitled “Endorsements.”
6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS
You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents released
under this License, and replace the individual copies of this License in the various
documents with a single copy that is included in the collection, provided that you
follow the rules of this License for verbatim copying of each of the documents in all
other respects.
You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute it individu-
ally under this License, provided you insert a copy of this License into the extracted
Appendix A: Copying, Changes, Development, FAQ 75
document, and follow this License in all other respects regarding verbatim copying of
that document.
7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS
A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate and independent
documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or distribution medium, is called
an “aggregate” if the copyright resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the
legal rights of the compilation’s users beyond what the individual works permit. When
the Document is included in an aggregate, this License does not apply to the other
works in the aggregate which are not themselves derivative works of the Document.
If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these copies of the Document,
then if the Document is less than one half of the entire aggregate, the Document’s Cover
Texts may be placed on covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the
electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form. Otherwise they
must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole aggregate.
8. TRANSLATION
Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may distribute translations
of the Document under the terms of section 4. Replacing Invariant Sections with
translations requires special permission from their copyright holders, but you may
include translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the original versions
of these Invariant Sections. You may include a translation of this License, and all the
license notices in the Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that you
also include the original English version of this License and the original versions of
those notices and disclaimers. In case of a disagreement between the translation and
the original version of this License or a notice or disclaimer, the original version will
prevail.
If a section in the Document is Entitled “Acknowledgements”, “Dedications”, or “His-
tory”, the requirement (section 4) to Preserve its Title (section 1) will typically require
changing the actual title.
9. TERMINATION
You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except as expressly
provided under this License. Any attempt otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense, or
distribute it is void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License.
However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your license from a particular
copyright holder is reinstated (a) provisionally, unless and until the copyright holder
explicitly and finally terminates your license, and (b) permanently, if the copyright
holder fails to notify you of the violation by some reasonable means prior to 60 days
after the cessation.
Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is reinstated permanently if
the copyright holder notifies you of the violation by some reasonable means, this is the
first time you have received notice of violation of this License (for any work) from that
copyright holder, and you cure the violation prior to 30 days after your receipt of the
notice.
Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate the licenses of parties
who have received copies or rights from you under this License. If your rights have
Appendix A: Copying, Changes, Development, FAQ 76
been terminated and not permanently reinstated, receipt of a copy of some or all of the
same material does not give you any rights to use it.
10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE
The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions of the GNU Free
Documentation License from time to time. Such new versions will be similar in spirit
to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.
See http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/.
Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number. If the Document
specifies that a particular numbered version of this License “or any later version”
applies to it, you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that
specified version or of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by
the Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version number of
this License, you may choose any version ever published (not as a draft) by the Free
Software Foundation. If the Document specifies that a proxy can decide which future
versions of this License can be used, that proxy’s public statement of acceptance of a
version permanently authorizes you to choose that version for the Document.
11. RELICENSING
“Massive Multiauthor Collaboration Site” (or “MMC Site”) means any World Wide
Web server that publishes copyrightable works and also provides prominent facilities
for anybody to edit those works. A public wiki that anybody can edit is an example of
such a server. A “Massive Multiauthor Collaboration” (or “MMC”) contained in the
site means any set of copyrightable works thus published on the MMC site.
“CC-BY-SA” means the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 license pub-
lished by Creative Commons Corporation, a not-for-profit corporation with a principal
place of business in San Francisco, California, as well as future copyleft versions of that
license published by that same organization.
“Incorporate” means to publish or republish a Document, in whole or in part, as part
of another Document.
An MMC is “eligible for relicensing” if it is licensed under this License, and if all works
that were first published under this License somewhere other than this MMC, and
subsequently incorporated in whole or in part into the MMC, (1) had no cover texts
or invariant sections, and (2) were thus incorporated prior to November 1, 2008.
The operator of an MMC Site may republish an MMC contained in the site under
CC-BY-SA on the same site at any time before August 1, 2009, provided the MMC is
eligible for relicensing.
Appendix A: Copying, Changes, Development, FAQ 77
News in 11.86
• Parsing of LaTEX output was improved. It is now less likely that AUCTEX opens a
non-existent file upon calling TeX-next-error; a problem for example encountered
when using MiKTEX 2.8. In addition quoted file names as emitted by MiKTEX are
now supported.
• A new framework for the definition and selection of viewers was implemented. If you
have customizations regarding viewers you will have to redo them in this new framework
or reenable the old one. See Section 4.2.1 [Starting Viewers], page 48, for details.
• Comprehensive editing support for PSTricks was added.
• Support for various LaTEX packages was added, e.g. ‘tabularx’, ‘CJK’, and ‘hyperref’.
• An easy way to switch between TEX engines (PDFTEX, LuaTEX, XeTEX, Omega) was
added.
• Support for SyncTEX was added. This involves the command line options for LaTEX
and the viewer.
• Folding can now be customized to use macro arguments as replacement text.
• ‘preview.sty’ now works with XeTEX.
• A lot of smaller and larger bugs have been squashed.
News in 11.85
• Font locking has been improved significantly. It is now less prone to color bleeding
which could lead to high resource usage. In addition it now includes information about
LaTEX macro syntax and can indicate syntactically incorrect macros in LaTEX mode.
Appendix A: Copying, Changes, Development, FAQ 78
News in 11.84
• There have been problems with the ‘-without-texmf-dir’ option to ‘configure’ when
the value of ‘-with-kpathsea-sep’ was set or determined for an installation system
with a default different from that of the runtime system. with-kpathsea-sep has been
removed; the setting is now usually determined at runtime.
Due to this and other problems, preview-latex in the released XEmacs package failed
under Windows or with anything except recent 21.5 XEmacsen.
• AUCTEX and preview-latex have been changed in order to accommodate file names
containing spaces. preview-latex now tolerates bad PostScript code polluting the stack
(like some Omega fonts).
• ‘preview.sty’ had in some cases failed to emit PostScript header specials.
• Support for folding of comments was added.
• The polish language option of the babel LaTeX package as well as the polski LaTeX
package are now supported. Most notably this means that AUCTeX will help to insert
quotation marks as defined by polish.sty ("‘..."’) and polski.sty (,,...’’).
• The TEX tool bar is now available and enabled by default in plain TEX mode. See
Section 1.3.2 [Processing Facilities], page 18.
• Bug fix in the display of math subscripts and superscripts.
• Bug fix TeX-doc for Emacs 21.
• There has been quite a number of other bug fixes to various features and documentation
across the board.
News in 11.83
• The new function TeX-doc provides easy access to documentation about commands
and packages or information related to TEX and friends in general. See Section 4.7
[Documentation], page 52.
• You can now get rid of generated intermediate and output files by means of the new
‘Clean’ and ‘Clean All’ entries in TeX-command-list accessible with C-c C-c or the
Command menu. See Section 4.6 [Cleaning], page 52.
• Support for forward search with PDF files was added. That means you can jump to a
place in the output file corresponding to the position in the source file. See Section 4.2
[Viewing], page 48.
Adding support for this feature required the default value of the variable TeX-output-
view-style to be changed. Please make sure you either remove any customizations
overriding the new default or incorporate the changes into your customizations if you
want to use this feature.
Appendix A: Copying, Changes, Development, FAQ 79
• TEX error messages of the -file-line-error kind are now understood in AUCTEX
and preview-latex (parsers are still separate).
• Bug fix in XyMTEX support.
• The LaTEX tool bar is now enabled by default. See Section 1.3.2 [Processing Facilities],
page 18.
News in 11.82
• Support for the MinionPro LaTeX package was added.
• Warnings and underfull/overfull boxes are now being indicated in the echo area after a
LaTEX run, if the respective debugging options are activated with TeX-toggle-debug-
warnings (C-c C-t C-w) or TeX-toggle-debug-bad-boxes (C-c C-t C-b). In this case
TeX-next-error will find these warnings in addition to normal errors.
The key binding C-c C-w for TeX-toggle-debug-bad-boxes (which was renamed from
TeX-toggle-debug-boxes) now is deprecated.
• AUCTEX now can automatically insert a pair of braces after typing or ^ in math
constructs if the new variable TeX-electric-sub-and-superscript is set to a non-nil
value.
• Some language-specific support for French was added. There now is completion support
for the commands provided by the ‘frenchb’ (and ‘francais’) options of the babel
LaTEX package and easier input of French quotation marks (\\og ...\\fg) which can
now be inserted by typing ".
• Completion support for options of some LaTeX packages was added.
• Already in version 11.81 the way to activate AUCTEX changed substantially. This
should now be done with (load "auctex.el" nil t t) instead of the former (require
’tex-site). Related to this change ‘tex-mik.el’ does not load ‘tex-site.el’
anymore. That means if you used only (require ’tex-mik) in order to activate
AUCTEX, you have to add (load "auctex.el" nil t t) before the latter statement.
See Section 1.2.4 [Loading the package], page 7.
• Handling of verbatim constructs was consolidated across AUCTeX. This resulted
in the font-latex-specific variables font-latex-verb-like-commands, font-latex-
verbatim-macros, and font-latex-verbatim-environments being removed and
the more general variables LaTeX-verbatim-macros-with-delims, LaTeX-verbatim-
macros-with-braces, and LaTeX-verbatim-environments being added.
• The output of a BibTEX run is now checked for warnings and errors, which are reported
in the echo area.
• The aliases for font-latex-title-fontify were removed. Use font-latex-fontify-
sectioning instead.
• The problem that Japanese macros where broken across lines was fixed.
• Various bug fixes.
News in 11.81
• LaTeX-mark-section now marks subsections of a given section as well. The former
behavior is available via the prefix argument.
Appendix A: Copying, Changes, Development, FAQ 80
News in 11.55
• A bug was fixed which lead to the insertion of trailing whitespace during filling. In
particular extra spaces were added to sentence endings at the end of lines. You can
make this whitespace visible by setting the variable show-trailing-whitespace to t.
If you want to delete all trailing whitespace in a buffer, type M-x delete-trailing-
whitespace RET.
• A bug was fixed which lead to a ‘*Compile-Log*’ buffer popping up when the first
LaTEX file was loaded in an Emacs session.
• On some systems the presence of an outdated Emacspeak package lead to the
error message ‘File mode specification error: (error "Variable binding depth
exceeds max-specpdl-size")’. Precautions were added which prevent this error from
happening. But nevertheless, it is advised to upgrade or uninstall the outdated Emac-
speak package.
• The value of TeX-macro-global is not determined during configuration anymore
but at load time of AUCTEX. Consequently the associated configuration option
‘--with-tex-input-dirs’ was removed.
• Support for the LaTEX Japanese classes ‘jsarticle’ and ‘jsbook’ was added.
News in 11.54
• The parser (used e.g. for TeX-auto-generate-global) was extended to recognize
keywords common in LaTEX packages and classes, like “\DeclareRobustCommand” or
“\RequirePackage”. Additionally a bug was fixed which led to duplicate entries in
AUCTEX style files.
• Folding can now be done for paragraphs and regions besides single constructs and the
whole buffer. With the new TeX-fold-dwim command content can both be hidden
and shown with a single key binding. In course of these changes new key bindings for
unfolding commands where introduced. The old bindings are still present but will be
phased out in future releases.
• Info files of the manual now have a .info extension.
• There is an experimental tool bar support now. It is not activated by default. If you
want to use it, add
(add-hook ’LaTeX-mode-hook ’LaTeX-install-toolbar)
to your init file.
• The manual now contains a new chapter “Quick Start”. It explains the main features
and how to use them, and should be enough for a new user to start using AUCTEX.
• A new section “Font Locking” was added to the manual which explains syntax high-
lighting in AUCTEX and its customization. Together with the sections related to folding
and outlining, the section is part of the new chapter “Display”.
• Keywords for syntax highlighting of LaTEX constructs to be typeset in bold,
italic or typewriter fonts may now be customized. Besides the built-
in classes, new keyword classes may be added by customizing the variable
‘font-latex-user-keyword-classes’. The customization options can be found in
the customization group ‘font-latex-keywords’.
Appendix A: Copying, Changes, Development, FAQ 82
• Verbatim content is now displayed with the ‘fixed-pitch’ face. (GNU Emacs only)
• Syntax highlighting should not spill out of verbatim content anymore. (GNU Emacs
only)
• Verbatim commands like ‘\verb|...|’ will not be broken anymore during filling.
• You can customize the completion for graphic files with LaTeX-includegraphics-
read-file.
• Support for the LaTEX packages ‘url’, ‘listings’, ‘jurabib’ and ‘csquotes’ was added
with regard to command completion and syntax highlighting.
• Performance of fontification and filling was improved.
• Insertion of nodes in Texinfo mode now supports completion of existing node names.
• Setting the variable LaTeX-float to nil now means that you will not be prompted for
the float position of figures and tables. You can get the old behaviour of nil by setting
the variable to "", i.e. an empty string. See also Section 2.4.2 [Floats], page 25.
• The XEmacs-specific bug concerning overlays-at was fixed.
• Lots of bug fixes.
News in 11.53
• The LaTEX math menu can include Unicode characters if your Emacs built supports it.
See the variable LaTeX-math-menu-unicode, Section 2.5 [Mathematics], page 26.
• Bug fixes for XEmacs.
• Completion for graphic files in the TeX search path has been added.
• start is used for the viewer for MiKTEX and fpTEX.
• The variable TeX-fold-preserve-comments can now be customized to deactivate fold-
ing in comments.
News in 11.52
• Installation and menus under XEmacs work again (maybe for the first time).
• Fontification of subscripts and superscripts is now disabled when the fontification engine
is not able to support it properly.
• Bug fixes in the build process.
News in 11.51
• PDFTeX and Source Special support did not work with ConTeXt, this has been fixed.
Similar for Source Special support under Windows.
• Omega support has been added.
• Bug fixes in the build process.
• TeX-fold now supports folding of environments in Texinfo mode.
Appendix A: Copying, Changes, Development, FAQ 83
News in 11.50
• The use of source specials when processing or viewing the document can now be con-
trolled with the new TeX-source-specials minor mode which can be toggled via an
entry in the Command menu or the key binding C-c C-t C-s. If you have customized
the variable TeX-command-list, you have to re-initialize it for this to work. This means
to open a customization buffer for the variable by typing M-x customize-variable RET
TeX-command-list RET, selecting “Erase Customization” and do your customization
again with the new default.
• The content of the command menu now depends on the mode (plain TEX, LaTEX,
ConTEXt etc.). Any former customization of the variable TeX-command-list has to be
erased. Otherwise the command menu and the customization will not work correctly.
• Support for hiding and auto-revealing macros, e.g. footnotes or citations, and environ-
ments in a buffer was added, Section 3.2 [Folding], page 39.
• You can now control if indentation is done upon typing RET by customizing the variable
TeX-newline-function, Section 2.8 [Indenting], page 29.
• Limited support for doc.sty and ltxdoc.cls (‘dtx’ files) was added. The new docTEX
mode provides functionality for editing documentation parts. This includes formatting
(indenting and filling), adding and completion of macros and environments while stay-
ing in comments as well as syntax highlighting. (Please note that the mode is not
finished yet. For example syntax highlighting does not work yet in XEmacs.)
• For macro completion in docTEX mode the AUCTEX style files ‘doc.el’, ‘ltxdoc.el’
and ‘ltx-base.el’ were included. The latter provides general support for low-level
LaTEX macros and may be used with LaTEX class and style files as well. It is currently
not loaded automatically for those files.
• Support for ConTEXt with a separate ConTEXt mode is now included. Macro defini-
tions for completion are available in Dutch and English.
• The filling and indentation code was overhauled and is now able to format commented
parts of the source syntactically correct. Newly available functionality and customiza-
tion options are explained in the manual.
• Filling and indentation in XEmacs with preview-latex and activated previews lead to
the insertion of whitespace before multi-line previews. AUCTEX now contains facilities
to prevent this problem.
• If TeX-master is set to t, AUCTEX will now query for a master file only when a new
file is opened. Existing files will be left alone. The new function TeX-master-file-ask
(bound to C-c _ is provided for adding the variable manually.
• Sectioning commands are now shown in a larger font on display devices which support
such fontification. The variable font-latex-title-fontify can be customized to
restore the old appearance, i.e. the usage of a different color instead of a change in
size.
• Support for alphanum.sty, beamer.cls, booktabs.sty, captcont.sty, emp.sty,
paralist.sty, subfigure.sty and units.sty/nicefrac.sty was added. Credits
go to the authors mentioned in the respective AUCTEX style files.
• Inserting graphics with C-c RET \includegraphics RET was improved. See the vari-
able LaTeX-includegraphics-options-alist.
Appendix A: Copying, Changes, Development, FAQ 84
News in 11.14
• Many more LaTeX and LaTeX2e commands are supported. Done by Masayuki Ataka
<ataka@milk.freemail.ne.jp>
News in 11.12
• Support for the KOMA-Script classes. Contributed by Mark Trettin
<Mark.Trettin@gmx.de>.
News in 11.11
• Support for ‘prosper.sty’, see http://prosper.sourceforge.net/. Contributed by
Phillip Lord <p.lord@russet.org.uk>.
Appendix A: Copying, Changes, Development, FAQ 85
News in 11.10
• comment-region now inserts %% by default. Suggested by "Davide G. M. Salvetti"
<salve@debian.org>.
News in 11.06
• You can now switch between using the ‘font-latex’ (all emacsen), the ‘tex-font’
(Emacs 21 only) or no special package for font locking. Customize TeX-install-
font-lock for this.
News in 11.04
• Now use -t landscape by default when landscape option appears. Suggested by Erik
Frisk <frisk@isy.liu.se>.
News in 11.03
• Use ‘tex-fptex.el’ for fpTeX support. Contributed by Fabrice Popineau <Fab-
rice.Popineau@supelec.fr>.
News in 11.02
• New user option LaTeX-top-caption-list specifies environments where the caption
should go at top. Contributed by ataka@milk.freemail.ne.jp (Masayuki Ataka).
• Allow explicit dimensions in ‘graphicx.sty’. Contributed by ataka@milk.freemail.ne.jp
(Masayuki Ataka).
• Limited support for ‘verbatim.sty’. Contributed by ataka@milk.freemail.ne.jp
(Masayuki Ataka).
• Better support for asmmath items. Patch by ataka@milk.freemail.ne.jp (Masayuki
Ataka).
• More accurate error parsing. Added by David Kastrup <David.Kastrup@t-online.de>.
News in 11.01
• Bug fixes.
Older versions
See the file ‘history.texi’ for older changes.
A.3.2 Wishlist
• Documentation lookup for macros
A parser could gather information about which macros are defined in which LaTEX
packages and store the information in a hashtable which can be used in a backend
for TeX-doc in order to open the matching documentation for a given macro. The
information could also be used to insert an appropriate ‘\usepackage’ statement if the
user tries to insert a macro for which the respective package has not been requested
yet.
• Spell checking of macros
A special ispell dictionary for macros could be nice to have.
• Quick error overviews
An error overview window (extract from the log file with just the error lines, clickable
like a “grep” buffer) and/or fringe indicators for errors in the main text would be nice.
• A math entry grid
A separate frame with a table of math character graphics to click on in order to insert
the respective sequence into the buffer (cf. the “grid” of x-symbol).
• Crossreferencing support
It would be nice if you could index process your favorite collection of ‘.dtx’ files (such
as the LaTeX source), just call a command on arbitrary control sequence, and get either
Appendix A: Copying, Changes, Development, FAQ 87
the DVI viewer opened right at the definition of that macro (using Source Specials),
or the source code of the ‘.dtx’ file.
• Better plain TeX support
For starters, LaTeX-math-mode is not very LaTEX-specific in the first place, and similar
holds for indentation and formatting.
• Poor man’s Source Specials In particular in PDF mode (and where Source Specials
cause problems), alternatives would be desirable. One could implement inverse search
by something like Heiko Oberdiek’s ‘vpe.sty’, and forward search by using the ‘.aux’
file info to correlate labels in the text (possibly in cooperation with RefTEX) with
previewer pages.
In AUCTEX 11.83, support for forward search with PDF files was added. Currently
this only works if you use the pdfsync LaTEX package and xpdf as your PDF viewer.
See Section 4.2 [Viewing], page 48.
• Page count when compiling should (optionally) go to modeline of the window where
the compilation command was invoked, instead of the output window. Suggested by
Karsten Tinnefeld <tinnefeld@irb.informatik.uni-dortmund.de>.
• Command to insert a macrodefinition in the preamble, without moving point from the
current location. Suggested by "Jeffrey C. Ely" <ely@nwu.edu>.
• A database of all commands defined in all stylefiles. When a command or environment
gets entered that is provided in one of the styles, insert the appropriate \usepackage
in the preamble.
• A way to add and overwrite math mode entries in style files, and to decide where they
should be. Suggested by Remo Badii <Remo.Badii@psi.ch>.
• Create template for (first) line of tabular environment.
• I think prompting for the master is the intended behaviour. It corresponds to a ‘shared’
value for TeX-master.
There should probably be a ‘none’ value which wouldn’t query for the master, but
instead disable all features that relies on TeX-master.
This default value for TeX-master could then be controled with mapping based on the
extension.
• Multiple argument completion for ‘\bibliography’. In general, I ought to make ,
special for these kind of completions.
• Suggest ‘makeindex’ when appropriate.
• Use index files (when available) to speed up C-c C-m include RET.
• Option not to calculate very slow completions like for C-c C-m include RET.
• Font menu should be created from TeX-font-list.
• Installation procedure written purely in emacs lisp.
• Included PostScript files should also be counted as part of the document.
• A nice hierarchical by-topic organization of all officially documented LaTeX macros,
available from the menu bar.
• TeX-command-default should be set from the master file, if not set locally. Suggested
by Peter Whaite ‘<peta@cim.mcgill.ca>’.
Appendix A: Copying, Changes, Development, FAQ 88
A.3.3 Bugs
• The parsed files and style hooks for ‘example.dtx’, ‘example.sty’, ‘example.drv’ and
‘example.bib’ all clash. Bad.
• C-c ‘ should always stay in the current window, also when it finds a new file.
• Do not overwrite emacs warnings about existing auto-save files when loading a new
file.
• Maybe the regexp for matching a TeX symbol during parsing should be
‘"\\\\\\([a-zA-Z]+\\|.\\)"’ — ‘<thiemann@informatik.uni-tuebingen.de>’ Pe-
ter Thiemann.
• AUCTEX should not parse verbatim environments.
• Make ‘‘’ check for math context in LaTeX-math-mode. and simply self insert if not in
a math context.
• Make TeX-insert-dollar more robust. Currently it can be fooled by ‘\mbox’’es and
escaped double dollar for example.
• Correct indentation for tabular, tabbing, table, math, and array environments.
• No syntactic font locking of verbatim macros and environments. (XEmacs only)
• Font locking inside of verbatim macros and environments is not inhibited. This may
result in syntax highlighting of unbalanced dollar signs and the like spilling out of the
verbatim content. (XEmacs only)
• Folding of LaTEX constructs spanning more than one line may result in overfull lines.
(XEmacs only)
Second, you can try to figure out if something in your personal or site configuration
triggers the error by starting Emacs without such customizations. You can do this by
invoking Emacs with the command line ‘emacs -q -no-site-file’. Once Emacs is
running, copy the line
(load "auctex.el" nil t t)
into the ‘*scratch*’ buffer and type M-x eval-buffer RET. This makes sure that
AUCTEX will be used for the file types it supports. After you have done so, you can
load the file triggering the error. If everything is working now, you know that you have
to search either in the site configuration file or your personal init file for statements
related to the problem.
2. What versions of Emacs and XEmacs are supported?
AUCTEX was tested with Emacs 21 and XEmacs 21.4.15. Older versions may work but
are unsupported. Older versions of XEmacs might possibly made to work by updating
the ‘xemacs-base’ package through the XEmacs package system. If you are looking
for a recommendation, it would appear that the smoothest working platform on all
operating systems at the current point of time would be Emacs 22.1. At the time of
this writing, however, it has not been released and is still under development. The
quality of the development version is quite solid, so we recommend giving it a try.
With a developer version, of course, you have to be prepared to update in case you
managed to get your snapshot at a bad time. The second best choice would be the
latest released Emacs 21.4. However, Unicode support is less good, there is no version
for the popular GTK toolkit, and the native versions for Windows and MacOS don’t
offer toolbar and preview-latex support.
Our success with XEmacs has been less than convincing. Under the Windows operating
system, nominally the only option for a released, stable Emacs variant supporting
toolbars and preview-latex would be XEmacs 21.4. However, code for core functionality
like formatting and syntax highlighting tends to be different and often older than
even Emacs 21.4, and Unicode support as delivered is problematic at best, missing
on Windows. Both AUCTEX and XEmacs developers don’t hear much from active
users of the combination. Partly for that reason, problems tend to go unnoticed for
long amounts of time and are often found, if at all, after releases. No experiences or
recommendations can be given for beta or developer versions of XEmacs.
3. What should I do when ./configure does not find programs like latex?
This is problem often encountered on Windows. Make sure that the PATH environ-
ment variable includes the directories containing the relevant programs, as described
in Section “Installation under MS Windows” in the AUCTEX manual.
4. Why doesn’t the completion, style file, or multi-file stuff work?
It must be enabled first, insert this in your init file:
(setq-default TeX-master nil)
(setq TeX-parse-self t)
(setq TeX-auto-save t)
Read also the chapters about parsing and multifile documents in the manual.
5. Why doesn’t TeX-save-document work?
TeX-check-path has to contain "./" somewhere.
Appendix A: Copying, Changes, Development, FAQ 91
Indices
Key Index
Function Index
L TeX-arg-label . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
LaTeX-add-bibliographies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 TeX-arg-literal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
LaTeX-add-environments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 TeX-arg-lr. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
LaTeX-add-labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 TeX-arg-macro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
LaTeX-close-environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 TeX-arg-pagestyle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
LaTeX-env-args . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 TeX-arg-pair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
LaTeX-env-array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 TeX-arg-savebox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
LaTeX-env-bib . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 TeX-arg-size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
TeX-arg-tb. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
LaTeX-env-contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
TeX-arg-verb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
LaTeX-env-figure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
TeX-auto-generate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
LaTeX-env-item . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
TeX-clean . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
LaTeX-env-label . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
TeX-command-buffer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
LaTeX-env-list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
TeX-command-master . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
LaTeX-env-minipage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
TeX-command-region . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
LaTeX-env-picture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
TeX-comment-or-uncomment-paragraph . . . . . . . . 29
LaTeX-env-tabular* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
TeX-comment-or-uncomment-region . . . . . . . . . . . 29
LaTeX-environment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
TeX-complete-symbol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
LaTeX-fill-environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
TeX-doc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
LaTeX-fill-paragraph . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
TeX-electric-macro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
LaTeX-fill-region. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 TeX-fold-buffer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
LaTeX-fill-section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 TeX-fold-clearout-buffer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
LaTeX-indent-line. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 TeX-fold-clearout-item . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
LaTeX-insert-environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 TeX-fold-clearout-paragraph . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
LaTeX-insert-item. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 TeX-fold-clearout-region . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
LaTeX-math-mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 TeX-fold-comment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
LaTeX-section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 TeX-fold-dwim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
LaTeX-section-heading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 TeX-fold-env . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
LaTeX-section-label . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 TeX-fold-macro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
LaTeX-section-section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 TeX-fold-math . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
LaTeX-section-title . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 TeX-fold-mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
LaTeX-section-toc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 TeX-fold-paragraph . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
TeX-fold-region . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
TeX-font . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
T TeX-header-end . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
TeX-add-style-hook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 TeX-home-buffer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
TeX-add-symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 TeX-insert-braces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
TeX-arg-cite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 TeX-insert-dollar. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
TeX-arg-conditional . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 TeX-insert-macro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
TeX-arg-coordinate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 TeX-insert-quote . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
TeX-arg-corner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 TeX-interactive-mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
TeX-arg-counter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 TeX-kill-job . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
TeX-arg-define-cite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 TeX-master-file-ask . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
TeX-arg-define-counter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 TeX-next-error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
TeX-arg-define-environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 TeX-normal-mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
TeX-arg-define-label . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 TeX-PDF-mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
TeX-arg-define-macro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 TeX-pin-region . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
TeX-arg-define-savebox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 TeX-recenter-output-buffer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
TeX-arg-environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 TeX-save-document. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
TeX-arg-eval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 TeX-source-correlate-mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46, 50
TeX-arg-file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 TeX-toggle-debug-bad-boxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
TeX-arg-free . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 TeX-toggle-debug-warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
TeX-arg-input-file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 TeX-view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48, 50
Indices 94
Variable Index
C japanese-LaTeX-default-style . . . . . . . . . . . 59, 60
ConTeXt-clean-intermediate-suffixes . . . . . . . 52 japanese-TeX-command-default . . . . . . . . . . . 59, 60
ConTeXt-clean-output-suffixes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
ConTeXt-engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
ConTeXt-Omega-engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 L
LaTeX-amsmath-label . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
LaTeX-auto-label-regexp-list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
D LaTeX-auto-minimal-regexp-list . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
docTeX-clean-intermediate-suffixes . . . . . . . . 52 LaTeX-auto-regexp-list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
docTeX-clean-output-suffixes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 LaTeX-babel-hyphen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
LaTeX-babel-hyphen-after-hyphen . . . . . . . . . . . 59
LaTeX-babel-hyphen-language-alist . . . . . . . . . 59
F LaTeX-clean-intermediate-suffixes . . . . . . . . . 52
font-latex-deactivated-keyword-classes . . . 37 LaTeX-clean-output-suffixes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
font-latex-fontify-script . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 LaTeX-command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
font-latex-fontify-sectioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 LaTeX-csquotes-close-quote . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
font-latex-match-bold-command-keywords . . . 36 LaTeX-csquotes-open-quote . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
font-latex-match-bold-declaration-keywords LaTeX-csquotes-quote-after-quote . . . . . . . . . . 20
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 LaTeX-default-environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
font-latex-match-function-keywords . . . . . . . . 35 LaTeX-default-format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
font-latex-match-italic-command-keywords LaTeX-default-position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 LaTeX-enable-toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
font-latex-match-italic-declaration- LaTeX-eqnarray-label . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
keywords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 LaTeX-equation-label . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
font-latex-match-math-command-keywords . . . 36, LaTeX-figure-label . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
38 LaTeX-fill-break-at-separators . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
font-latex-match-reference-keywords . . . . . . . 35 LaTeX-fill-break-before-code-comments. . . . . 33
font-latex-match-sectioning-0-keywords . . . 36 LaTeX-float . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
font-latex-match-sectioning-1-keywords . . . 36 LaTeX-fold-env-spec-list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
font-latex-match-sectioning-2-keywords . . . 36 LaTeX-fold-macro-spec-list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
font-latex-match-sectioning-3-keywords . . . 36 LaTeX-fold-math-spec-list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
font-latex-match-sectioning-4-keywords . . . 36 LaTeX-font-list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
font-latex-match-sectioning-5-keywords . . . 36 LaTeX-indent-environment-check . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
font-latex-match-slide-title-keywords. . . . . 36 LaTeX-indent-environment-list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
font-latex-match-textual-keywords . . . . . . . . . 35 LaTeX-indent-level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29, 30
font-latex-match-type-command-keywords . . . 36 LaTeX-item-indent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29, 31
font-latex-match-type-declaration-keywords LaTeX-item-regexp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 LaTeX-math-abbrev-prefix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
font-latex-match-variable-keywords . . . . . . . . 35 LaTeX-math-list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
font-latex-match-warning-keywords . . . . . . . . . 35 LaTeX-math-menu-unicode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
font-latex-math-environments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 LaTeX-Omega-command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
font-latex-quotes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 LaTeX-paragraph-commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
font-latex-script-display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 LaTeX-section-hook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
font-latex-sectioning-0-face . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 LaTeX-section-label . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23, 24
font-latex-sectioning-1-face . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 LaTeX-syntactic-comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30, 31
font-latex-sectioning-2-face . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 LaTeX-table-label . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25, 26
font-latex-sectioning-3-face . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 LaTeX-top-caption-list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25, 26
font-latex-sectioning-4-face . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 LaTeX-verbatim-environments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
font-latex-sectioning-5-face . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 LaTeX-verbatim-macros-with-braces . . . . . . . . . 39
font-latex-slide-title-face . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 LaTeX-verbatim-macros-with-delims . . . . . . . . . 39
font-latex-user-keyword-classes . . . . . . . . . . . 38
P
J plain-TeX-auto-regexp-list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
japanese-LaTeX-command-default . . . . . . . . . 59, 60 plain-TeX-clean-intermediate-suffixes. . . . . 52
Indices 95
Concept Index
. \chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17, 22
\cite, completion of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
‘.emacs’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
\emph . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17, 21
‘\end’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
\include . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
\ \input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
‘\begin’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 \item. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Indices 96
O S
Other information, adding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Sample style file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Outlining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39, 43 Sectioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17, 22
Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Sectioning commands, fontification of . . . . . . . . . . 36
Overfull boxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Sections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17, 22, 43
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Setting the default command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Setting the header . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Setting the trailer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
P Site customization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Parsing errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Site information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Parsing LaTeX errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Site initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Parsing new macros . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Site macro directory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Parsing TeX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55, 60 Site TeX macro directory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Parsing TeX output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Slovak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
PATH in Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Source specials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46, 50
PDF mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Specifying a font . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
PDFSync . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46, 50 Starting a previewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Personal customization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Stopping a process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Personal information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 ‘style’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Personal macro directory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Style . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Personal TeX macro directory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Style file. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
pLaTeX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Style files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Polish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Style hook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Prefix for labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24, 25 Style hooks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
preview-install-styles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Subscript, fontification of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Previewing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Superscript, fontification of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Printing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Swedish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Private directories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Private macro directory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 SyncTeX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46, 50
Private style hook directory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Syntax Highlighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Private TeX macro directory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 T
pTeX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57, 59 Tabify . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Table environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Q Tabs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Quotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 TeX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Quotes, fontification of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 TeX parsing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
‘tex-fptex.el’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
‘tex-jp.el’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
R ‘tex-mik.el’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Redisplay output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 ‘tex-site.el’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7, 15, 79
Refilling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 tool bar, toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Reformatting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29, 31 Trailer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Region . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Region file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Reindenting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
U
Reveal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Underfull boxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Right . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 UNICODE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Running BibTeX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Untabify . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Running chktex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Updating style hooks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Running commands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Running lacheck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Running LaTeX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 V
Running makeindex. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Verbatim, fontification of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Running TeX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Viewing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Indices 99
W X
Warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
‘x-compose.el’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Writing to a printer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
X-Symbol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57