3/20/2018 Electrical Transmission Tower Types and Design

Electrical Transmission Tower Types and

Design
The main supporting unit of overhead transmission line is
transmission tower. Transmission towers have to carry the
heavy transmission conductor at a sufficient safe height from
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ground. In addition to that all towers have to sustain all kinds of
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natural calamities. So transmission tower designing is an
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concepts, civil, mechanical and electrical engineering concepts Transmission Tower Found…
are equally applicable.A power transmission tower consists of the Towers in Different Soils
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Basic Electrical
The main parts among these are shown in the pictures.
Peak of Transmission Tower Circuit Theories

Electrical Laws
The portion above the top cross arm is called peak of Materials
transmission tower. Generally earth shield wire connected to the Batteries
tip of this peak.
Illumination
Cross Arm of Transmission Tower
Generation

Cross arms of transmission tower hold the transmission Transmission

conductor. The dimension of cross arm depends on the level of Distribution

transmission voltage, configuration and minimum forming angle Switchgear

for stress distribution.
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3/20/2018 Electrical Transmission Tower Types and Design

Measurement

Control System

Utilities

Safety

Transformer

Motor

Cage of Transmission Tower Generator

Electrical Drives
The portion between tower body and peak is known as cage of Electronics Devices
transmission tower. This portion of the tower holds the cross Power Electronics
arms.
Digital Electronics
Transmission Tower Body

The portion from bottom cross arms up to the ground level is

called transmission tower body. This portion of the tower plays a
vital role for maintaining required ground clearance of the bottom
conductor of the transmission line.

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3/20/2018 Electrical Transmission Tower Types and Design

Design of Transmission Tower

During design of transmission tower the following points to be

considered in mind,

The minimum ground clearance of the lowest conductor point

above the ground level.

The length of the insulator string.

The minimum clearance to be maintained between

conductors and between conductor and tower. Top

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3/20/2018 Electrical Transmission Tower Types and Design

The location of ground wire with respect to outer most

conductors.

The mid span clearance required from considerations of the

dynamic behavior of conductor and lightening protection of
the line.

To determine the actual transmission tower height by considering

the above points, we have divided the total height of tower in four
parts,

1. Minimum permissible ground clearance (H1)

2. Maximum sag of the conductor (H2)

3. Vertical spacing between top and bottom conductors (H3)

4. Vertical clearance between ground wire and top conductor

(H4).

Types of Transmission Tower

According to different considerations, there are different types of

transmission towers.
The transmission line goes as per available corridors. Due to
unavailability of shortest distance straight corridor transmission
line has to deviate from its straight way when obstruction comes.
In total length of a long transmission line there may be several
deviation points. According to the angle of deviation there are
four types of transmission tower-

1. A – type tower – angle of deviation 0o to 2o.

2. B – type tower – angle of deviation 2o to 15o.

3. C – type tower – angle of deviation 15o to 30o.

4. D – type tower – angle of deviation 30o to 60o.

As per the force applied by the conductor on the cross arms, the
transmission towers can be categorized in another way-
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3/20/2018 Electrical Transmission Tower Types and Design

1. Tangent suspension tower and it is generally A - type tower.

2. Angle tower or tension tower or sometime it is called section

tower. All B, C and D types of transmission towers come
under this category.

Apart from the above customized type of tower, the tower is

designed to meet special usages listed below,

These are called special type tower

1. River crossing tower

2. Railway/ Highway crossing tower

3. Transposition tower

Based on numbers of circuits carried by a transmission tower, it

can be classisfied as-

1. Single circuit tower

2. Double circuit tower

3. Multi circuit tower.

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