MJIIT ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS 2

FORMULAS AND TABLES

Particular integrals of ay  by  cy  F (x)

(1) Method of Undetermined Coefficients

F (x ) yp
K n x n  K n -1 x n -1  K  K1 x  K 0 (
x r Cn x n  Cn -1x n -1  K  C1 x  C0 )
K n , K n -1 , K , K1 , K 0 constants ( Cn , Cn -1 , K , C1 , C0 ) constants
ax
Ke Cea x �
�
� �x
r

K cos b x or K sin b x [ C cos b x  D sin b x ] x r

(2) Method of variation of parameters: ay  by  cy  F (x)

y f ( x) y f ( x) y1 y2
u  - �2
aW
; v  �1
aW where W  y � y2
1

Trigonometric Identities Hyperbolic Identities

sin 2 A  2 sin A cos A e t - e -t
sinh t 
cos 2 A  cos 2 A - sin 2 A 2
 2 cos 2 A - 1 e t  e -t
cosh t 
2
 1 - 2 sin 2 A
sinh 2 A  2 sinh A cosh A
cosh 2 A  cosh 2 A  sinh 2 A
 2 cosh 2 A - 1
 1  2 sinh 2 A

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 MJIIT ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS 2

Table of Laplace Transforms  [ f (t )]  F ( s )

f (t ) F (s )
1 a a
s
2 e at 1
s-a
3 sin at a
s2  a2
4 cos at s
s2  a2
5 sinh at a
s2 - a2
6 cosh at s
s2 - a2
7 First Shift Property, e at f (t ) F ( s - a)
8 e at sin bt b
( s - a) 2  b2
9 e at cos bt ( s - a)
( s - a) 2  b2
10 e at sinh bt b
( s - a) 2 - b2
11 e at cosh bt (s - a)
( s - a) 2 - b2
12 t sin at 2as
( s 2  a 2 )2
13 t cos at s2 - a2
( s 2  a 2 )2
14 t sinh at 2as
(s 2 - a 2 )2
15 t cosh at s2  a2
(s 2 - a 2 )2
16 t n , n  1,2,3... n!
n 1
s
17 n at
t e n!
( s - a ) n1
18 Differentiation of a transform, dn
tn f (t), n  1,2,3... (-1)n �
F (s)�
dsn � �
19 Integration of a transform, �

�f (t) � �
F (s)ds
� � s
�t
20 Laplace transform of an integral, F (s)
s

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 MJIIT ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS 2

�
f (u)du
0

21 H (t - a) e-as
, a > 0.
s
22 Second shift property,
f (t - a)H (t - a)
{ }
e-asL f (t)  e-asF (s)

23 d (t - a) e-as
24 f (t)d (t - a) f (a)e-as
25 Convolution theorem,
t F (s)G (s)
�
f (u)g(t - u)du
0

26 y (t ) sY ( s ) - y (0) with Y (s )   { y}

27 y (t ) s 2Y ( s ) - sy (0) - y (0)
28 y(n)(t) snY (s) - syn-1(0) - syn-2(0)y�
(0) - ... - y(n-1)(0)