One hundred words for equality

A glossary of terms on equality

between women and men

Employment & social affairs

Equal opportunities and family policy

European Commission
Directorate-General for Employment, Industrial Relations
and Social Affairs
Unit V/D.5

Manuscript completed in January 1998

Acknowledgements
The European Commission unit in charge of equal opportunities would like to express its gratitude to colleagues
in other services and experts in Member States consulted for their assistance in the production of this glossary.
The gratitude extends particularly t o the European Commission Translation Service in Luxembourg for its com-
mitment and involvement.
The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the opinion or position of the European Commission,
Directorate-General for Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs.

A great deal of additional information on the European Union is available on the Internet.
It can be accessed through the Europa server (http://europa.eu.int).

Cataloguing data can be found at the end of this publication.

Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1998

ISBN 92-828-2627-9

© European Communities, 1998

Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged.

Printed in Germany

PRINTED ON WHITE CHLORINE-FREE PAPER

Foreword

Since the very beginning, the European Union has played a significant role in the promotion of equality
between women and men. In recent years, through four consecutive mid-term action programmes for equal
opportunities and through legislation where necessary, we have developed this role and intensified our
action.

Most recently, the signature of the Treaty of Amsterdam has given a fresh impetus as it not only explicitly
includes equality between women and men among the Community priority objectives but also states that,
in all its activities, the Community shall aim at eliminating inequalities and promoting equality between
women and men.

This glossary is part of that impetus. It is the first attempt t o put together all the terms commonly used in
the area of equality policy, and it will go some way towards creating a common language in Europe for all
actors in this field.

I see the glossary as serving t w o extremely important objectives. First, by creating a common understanding
of terms and issues at the European level, it will facilitate the promotion of equality between women and
men as foreseen by the Amsterdam Treaty. Second, and no less important, it will serve the Community con-
cern of getting the information about European policies out of the circle of initiated people and making it
accessible and understandable to all citizens. The glossary will bring our work in this area closer to the citi-
zen, by clarifying the terms we use and thereby, making what we do easier to understand.

These are worthy objectives.

I believe that the glossary will prove itself to be an invaluable tool and point of reference. It is addressed to
policy-makers, to Members of Parliament, both at the national and European level, to those working in the
field, to those simply interested, and to all women and men.

Equality is a question of democracy and fundamental rights; it is a matter for us all. I commend this glossary
to you.

if

Pádraig Flynn
Member of the European
Commission with responsibility
for employment and social affairs
Contents

Activity rate, 77
Affirmative action, 7 7
Assisting spouses, 7 7
Atypical work/employment, 72

Balanced participation of women and men, 13

Benchmarking, 13
Burden of proof, 14

Chi Ideare, 15

Democratic deficit, 16
Dependant care, 16
Derived rights, 16
Desegregation of the labour market, 17
Dignity at work, 17
Directives on equal treatment, 18
Diversity, 18
Division of labour (by gender), 19
Domestic violence/family violence, 19

Economically active population, 20

Empowerment, 20
Equality between women and men (sex equality), 20
Equality dimension, 21
Equal opportunities for women and men, 21
Equal pay for work of equal value, 21
Equal treatment for women and men, 22

Family leave, 23
Family violence, 23
Family worker, 23
Féminisation of poverty, 24
Flexibility of working time/working hours, 24

Gender, 25
Gender analysis, 25
Gender audit, 25
Gender-based violence/sexual violence, 26
Gender blind, 26
Gender contract, 26
Gender dimension, 27
Gender disaggregated data, 27
Gender distribution of paid and unpaid work, 27
Gender equality, 28
Gender equity, 28
Gender gap, 28
Gender impact assessment, 29
Gender mainstreaming, 29
Gender neutral, 30
Gender pay differential, 30
Gender pay gap, 30
Gender perspective, 31
Gender planning, 31
Gender proofing, 31
Gender relations, 32
Gender relevance, 32
Gender roles, 32
Gender sensitive, 33
Glass ceiling, 33
H

Hidden unemployment, 34
Homework, 34
Horizontal segregation, 34
Human rights of women, 35

Illegal work, 36
Inactivity rate, 36
Individualisation of rights, 36
Individual rights, 37
Informal economy/work, 37
Integration of equal opportunities/gender perspective, 37
Invisible barriers, 38
Irregular and/or precarious employment, 38

Job segregation/employment segregation, 39

Job sharing, 39

Mainstreaming, 40
Maternity leave, 40
Mentoring, 41
Minimum wage, 41

Occupational segregation, 42

Paid work, 43
Parental leave, 43
Parity democracy, 43
Participation rates, 44
Part-time employment, 44
Paternal leave, 44
Positive action, 45
Positive discrimination, 45
Preferential treatment, 45

Quota, 46

Recognition and valutation of unpaid work, 47

Reconciliation of work and family/household life, 47
Refuge, 48
Regulation of part-time work, 48
Reproductive health, 49
Reproductive rights, 49

Satellite account, 50
Segregation of the labour market, 50
Sex, 50
Sex disaggregated statistics, 51
Sex discrimination — direct, 57
Sex discrimination — indirect, 51
Sex/gender system, 52
Sex trade, 52
Sexual harassment, 52
Sexual orientation, 53
Sexual violence, 53
Time-use survey, 54
Trafficking/trading in human beings/in women and children, 54

u
Unemployment, 55
Unpaid/unremunerated work, 55

Vertical segregation, 56
Vocational training, 56

w
Wife battering/beating, 57
Women's studies/gender studies, 57
 Α.
ACTIVITY RATE
ES: TASA DE ACTIVIDAD FR: TAUX D'ACTIVITE
DA: E RHV
E RVSFR
E KV
E NS IT: TASSO DI ATTIVITÀ
DE: E RW
E RBSQUOT
E NL: ARBEIDSDEELNAME / PARTICIPATIE GRAAD
EL: ΠΟΣΟΣΤΟ ΣΥΜΜΕΤΟΧΗΣ ΣΤΟΝ PT: TAXA DE ACTIVIDADE
ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΙΚΑ ΕΝΕΡΓΟ ΠΛΗΘΥΣΜΟ Fl: TYÖSSÄKÅYNTIASTE
ΕΝ: ACTIVITY RATE SV: FÖRVÄRVSFREKVENS

Represents the labour force as a percentage of the population of working

age (15 to 64).

AFFIRMATIVE ACTION ^^M

ES: ACCIÓN POSITIVA IT: AZIONI POSITIVE
DA: POSITIV SÆRBE HANDLING NL: POSITIEVE ACTIE/POSITIEVE DISCRIMINATIE
DE: FÖRDERMASSNAHMEN PT: ACÇÃO POSITIVA
EL: ΘΕΤΙΚΗ ΔΡΑΣΗ Fl: POSITIIVISET E RITYISTOIME T
EN: AFFIRMATIVE ACTION SV: AKTIVA ÅTGÄRDE R
FR: ACTION POSITIVE

See 'Positive action'.

ASSISTING SPOUSES ^ H
ES: CÓNYUG
E S COLABORADORE S FR: CONJOINTS AIDANTS/COLLABORATE URS
DA: ME DHJÆLPE NDE ÆGTE FÆLLE IT: COADIUVANTI
DE: MITH
E LF
E ND
E E HE GATTINNE N/ NL MEEWERKENDE E CHTGE NOTE N
EHEGATTEN PT: CÔNJUGES COLABORADORE S
EL: ΣΥΜΒΟΗΘΟΥΝΤΕΣ ΣΥΖΥΓΟΙ Fl: AVUSTAVAT PUOLISOT
EN: ASSISTING SPOUSE S SV: MEDHJÄLPANDE MAKAR

The spouses of people who are engaged in work usually of a self­employed

or independent nature, where the spouse is an important contributor to the
work but does not necessarily receive direct remuneration for this work and
is often not entitled t o social protection benefits.

Π
 ATYPICAL WORK/EMPLOYMENT
ES: E MPL
E O O TRABAJO ATIPICO FR: TRAVAIL/
E MPLOI ATYPIQUE
DA: ATYPISK ARBE JDE IT: LAVORO ATIPICO
DE: ATYPISCH
E ARBE IT/ NL: FL
E XIB
EE L ARBE ID
BESCHÄFTIGUNGSVERHÄLTNISSE PT: E MPR
E GO/TRABALHO ATÌPICO
EL: ΑΤΥΠΗ ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑ/ΑΠΑΣΧΟΛΗΣΗ Fl: E PÄTYYPILLIN
E N TYÖ
ΕΝ: ATYPICAL WORK/E MPLOYME NT SV: ATYPISKT ARBE TE

Work other than full­time and permanent work, including part­time, eve­
ning and weekend work, fixed­term work, temporary or subcontract home­
based work, telework and outwork.

12
 Β
BALANCED PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN AND MEN
ES: PARTICIPACIÓN E QUILIBRADA IT: PARTECIPAZIONE E QUILIBRATA
DE MUJERES Y HOMBRE S DI DONNE E UOMINI
DA: JÆVN KØNSFORDE LING NL: EVENWICHTIGE DE E LNAME
DE: AUSGEWOGENE MITWIRKUNG VAN MANNE N E N VROUWEN
VON FRAUE N UND MÄNNE RN PT: PARTICIPAÇÃO E QUILIBRADA DE MULHE RE S
EL: ΙΣΟΡΡΟΠΗ ΣΥΜΜΕΤΟΧΗ E HOME NS
ΓΥΝΑΙΚΩΝ KAI ΑΝΔΡΩΝ Fl: NAISTEN JA MIE STE N TASAPUOLINE N
EN: BALANCED PARTICIPATION OSALLISTUMINEN
OF WOMEN AND ME N SV: JÄMN FÖRDE LNING ME LLAN KVINNOR
FR: PARTICIPATION ÉQUILIBRÉE OCH MÄN
DES FEMMES E T DES HOMME S

The sharing of power and decision­mf king positions (40 to 60 % represen­

tation of either sex) between men and women in every sphere of life, which
constitutes an important condition fo r equality between men and women
(Council Recommendation 96/694/E C of 2 December 1996, OJ L 319,
10.12.1996).

BENCHMARKING ^^M
ES: E VALUACIÓN COMPARATIVA IT: ANALISI COMPARATIVA
DA: »B
E NCHMARKING« DELLE PRE STAZIONI
DE: „B
E NCHMARKING" NL: IJKING
EL: ΟΡΟΣΗΜΑΝΣΗ ΤΩΝ ΕΠΙΔΟΣΕΩΝ PT: AVALIAÇÃO/ANÁLISE COMPARATIVA
ΕΝ: B
E NCHMARKING Fl: ESIKUVA­ANALYYSI
FR: ÉTALONNAG
E DE S PE RFORMANCE S SV: BENCHMARKING

The establishment of a criterion, standard or reference point against which

to establish targets and measure progress.

13
Β
BURDEN OF PROOF
ES: CARGA DE LA PRUE BA IT: ON
EE R DE LLA PROVA
DA: B
E VISBYRD
E NL: E
B WIJSLAST
DE: B
E W
E ISLAST PT: ÓNUS DA PROVA
EL: ΒΑΡΟΣ ΑΠΟΔΕΙΞΗΣ FI: TODISTUSTAAKKA
EN: BURD
E N OF PROOF SV: E
B VISBÖRDA
FR: CHARG
E DE LA PRE UVE

If a person files a legal complaint, it is in principle up to him or her t o prove

that he or she has been a victim of discrimination. In the area of equal treat­
ment between men and w o m e n , a directive, based on the case­law of the
Court of Justice of the E uropean Communities, shifts the burden of proof
between the parties (defendant and complainant). Where persons consider
themselves wronged by failure to apply the principle of equal treatment,
and where there is a prima facie case of discrimination, it is for the respon­
dent t o prove t h a t there has been no contravention of the principle (judg­
ment of 17 October 1989, Case C 109/88 Danfoss [1989] E CR 3199, paragraph
16; Council directive of 15 December 1997 on the burden of proof in cases
of discrimination based on sex).

14
 C
CHILDCARE
ES: AT
E NCIÓN A LA INFANCIA IT: CUSTODIA DE I BAMBINI
DA: BØRN
E PASNING NL: KINDEROPVANG
DE: KIND
E RB
E TR
E UUNG PT: ACOLHIMENTO DE CRIANÇAS
EL: ΦΡΟΝΤΙΔΑ ΠΑΙΔΙΩΝ Fl: LASTENHOITO
EN: CHILDCAR
E SV: BARNOMSORG
FR: GARD
E D'E NFANTS

A broadly based concept covering the provision of public, private, individual

or collective services t o meet the needs of children and parents (Council
Recommendation 92/241/E E C of 31 March 1992, OJ L 123, 8.5.1992).

15
D
« m i ED MOCRATIC DEFICIT
ES: DÉFICIT DE MOCRÀTICO IT: DEFICIT DE MOCRATICO
DA: DE MOKRATISK UNDE RSKUD NL DEMOCRATISCH TE KORT
DE: D
E MOKRATI
E DE FIZIT PT: DÉFICE DE MOCRÁTICO
EL: ΔΗΜΟΚΡΑΤΙΚΟ ΕΛΛΕΙΜΜΑ Fl: DEMOKRATIAVAJE
ΕΝ: D
E MOCRATIC DE FICIT SV: DEMOKRATISKT UNDE RSKOTT
FR: DÉFICIT DÉMOCRATIQUE

The impact of, for exam pie. inadeq uate gender balance on the legitimacy
of democracy.

DEPENDANT CARE
ES: AT
E NCIÓN A PE RSONAS DE PE NDIE NTE S IT: ASSIST
E NZA ALLE PE RSONE NON AUTONOME
DA: OMSORG (eller pleje) NL: E
V RZORGING VAN AFHANKE LIJKE PE RSONE N
DE: B
E TR
E UUNG ABHÄNGIGE R PT: CUIDADOS A PE SSOAS DE PE NDE NTE S
EL: ΦΡΟΝΤΙΔΑ ΕΞΑΡΤΩΜΕΝΩΝ ΑΤΟΜΩΝ Fl: OMAISHOITO
EN: D
E P
E NDANT CARE SV: VÅRD AV NÄRSTÅE NDE
FR: SOINS AUX PE RSONNE S DÉPE NDANTE S

Provision of care for those w h o are young, ill, elderly or disabled and depen­
dent on another.

■ ■ 1 E
ED RIV D RIGHTS
ES: E
D E
R CHOS DE RIVADOS IT: DIRITTI DE RIVATI
DA: AFLE DTE RE TTIGHE DE R NL: AFGELEIDE RE CHTE N
DE: ABG
E E
L IT
E T
E ANSPRÜCHE /RE CHTE PT: DIREITOS DE RIVADOS
EL: ΕΛΚΟΜΕΝΑ ΔΙΚΑΙΩΜΑΤΑ Fl: JOHDETUT OIKE UDE T
ΕΝ: D
E RIV
E D RIGHTS SV: HÄRLEDDA RÄTTIGHE TE R
FR: DROITS DE RIVE S

Rights, notably t o social security benefits or residence, which accrue t o an

individual but which originate f r o m and depend on his or her relationship
w i t h another person, usually of parenthood, marriage or cohabitation.
 D
DESEGREGATION OF THE LABOUR MARKET
ES: DESEGREGACIÓN DE L ME RCADO DE TRABAJO IT: DISGREGAZIONE DE L MERCATO DE L LAVORO
DA: AFSKAFFELSE AF KONSOPDE LINGE N PÅ NL: DESEGREGATIE VAN DE ARBE IDSMARKT
ARBEJDSMARKEDET PT: DESSEGREGAÇÃO DO ME RCADO
DE: ABBAU DE R TEILUNG DE S ARBE ITSMARKTE S DE TRABALHO
EL: ΕΞΑΛΕΙΨΗ ΤΩΝ ΔΙΑΧΩΡΙΣΜΩΝ ΣΤΗΝ Fl: TYÖMARKKINOIDEN E RIYTYMISE N
ΑΓΟΡΑ ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑΣ VÄHENTÄMINEN
EN: DESEGREGATION OF THE LABOUR MARKE T SV: DESEGREGERING AV ARBE TSMARKNADE N
FR: DÉSÉGRÉGATION DU MARCHÉ DU TRAVAIL

Pol cies aiming to reduce or eliminate segregation (vertical/horizontal) in

the labour market.

DIGNITY AT WORK ■ ■ ■
ES: DIGNIDAD E N EL TRABAJO IT: DIGNITÀ SUL LAVORO
DA: VÆRDIGHED PÅ ARBE JDSPLADSE N NL: WAARDIGHEID OP HE T WERK
DE: WÜRDE A M ARBE ITSPLATZ PT: DIGNIDADE NO TRABALHO
EL: ΑΞΙΟΠΡΕΠΕΙΑ ΣΤΟ ΧΩΡΟ ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑΣ Fl: IHMISARVOINEN KOHTE LU TYÖPAIKOILLA
EN: DIGNITY AT WORK SV: VÄRDIGHET PÅ ARBETSPLATSEN
FR: DIGNITÉ AU TRAVAIL

The right to respect and, in particu ar, freedom from sexual and other forms
of harassment in the workplace (C ouncil Resolution 90/C 157/02 of 29 May
1990, OJ C 157, 27.6.1990).

17
D
DIRECTIVES ON EQUAL TREATMENT
ES: DIRECTIVAS SOBRE LA IGUALDAD DE TRATO IT: DIRETTIVE SULLA PARITA DI TRATTAME NTO
DA: DIREKTIVER OM LIGE BE HANDLING NL: RICHTLIJNEN INZAKE GE LIJKE BE HANDE LING
DE: GLEICHBEHANDLUNGSRICHTLINIEN PT: DIRECTIVAS SOBRE A IGUALDADE
EL: ΟΔΗΓΙΕΣ ΠΟΥ ΑΦΟΡΟΥΝ ΤΗΝ ΙΣΗ DE TRATAMENTO
ΜΕΤΑΧΕΙΡΙΣΗ TASA­ARVOISTA KOHTE LUA KOSKE VAT
EN: DIRECTIVES ON E QUAL TRE ATME NT DIREKTIIVIT
FR: DIRECTIVES SUR L'ÉGALITÉ DE TRAITEMENT SV: DIREKTIV OM LIKA BE HANDLING

Directives which extend the scope of the principle of equal treatment for
men and w o m e n (which initially, in the Treaty of Rome, only concerned
pay). The principle was extended to access t o employment, vocational train­
ing and promotion, and working conditions (Council Directive 76/207/E E C of
9 February 1976, OJ L 39, 14.2.1976), t o statutory social security schemes
(Council Directive 79/7/E E C of 19 December 1978, OJ L 6, 10.1.1979), t o occu­
pational social security schemes (Council Directive 86/378/E E C of 24 July
1986, OJ L 225, 12.8.1986), t o those engaged in activity, including in agri­
culture, in a self­employed capacity (Council Directive 86/613/E E C of 11
December 1986, OJ L 359, 19.12.1986), to pregnant workers and workers
w h o have recently given birth (Council Directive 92/85/E E C of 19 October
1992, OJ L348, 28.11.1992) and t o those w h o are on parental leave (Council
Directive 96/34/E C of 3 June 1996, OJ L 145, 19.6.1996).

^^H VDI ERSITY

ES: DIV
E RSIDAD IT: DIVERSITÀ
DA: FORSK
E LLIGH
E D NL: DIVERSITEIT
DE: UNT
E RSCHI
E DLICHK
E IT PT: DIVERSIDADE
EL: ΠΟΙΚΙΛΟΜΟΡΦΙΑ Fl: MONIMUOTOISUUS
EN: DIV
E RSITY SV: MÅNGFALD
FR: DIV
E RSITÉ

The range of values, attitudes, cultural perspective, beliefs, ethnic back­

ground, sexual orientation, skil s, knowledge and life experiences of the
individuals making up any given group of people.
 D
DIVISION OF LABOUR (by gender)
ES: DIVISIÓN DE L TRABAJO (debida al género) FR: DIVISION DU TRAVAIL (selon le sexe)
DA: ARBEJDSDELING E FTE R KØN IT: DIVISIONE DEL LAVORO (per sesso)
DE: (geschlechtsspezifische) ARBE ITSTE ILUNG NL: ARBEIDSVERDELING (naar geslacht)
EL: ΚΑΤΑΜΕΡΙΣΜΟΣ ΤΗΣ ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑΣ PT: DIVISÃO DO TRABALHO (por género)
(κατά φύλο) Fl: SUKUPUOLTEN VÄLINE N TYÖNJAKO
EN: DIVISION OF LABOUR (by gender) SV: ARBETSFÖRDELNING (efter kön)

The division of paid and unpaid work between women and men in private
anc public life.

DOMESTIC VIOLENCE/FAMILY V IOLENCE

ES: VIOL
E NCIA DOME STICA/VIOLE NCIA FR: VIOLENCE DOME STIQUE /DANS LA FAMILLE
EN LA FAMILIA IT: VIOLENZA IN AMBITO DOME STICO/
DA: VOLD I HJE MME T/FAMILIE N FAMILIARE
DE: HÄUSLICH
E GE WALT/ NL: HUISELIJK GE WE LD/GE WE LD BINNE N HE T
GEWALT IN DE R FAMILIE GEZIN
EL: ΒΙΑ ΜΕΣΑ ΣΤΟ ΣΠΙΤΙ/ΒΙΑ ΜΕΣΑ PT: VIOLÊNCIA DOMÉSTICA/NA FAMILIA
ΣΤΗΝ ΟΙΚΟΓΕΝΕΙΑ Fl: PERHEVÄKIVALTA
ΕΝ: DOM
E STIC VIOLENCE/FAMILY VIOLE NCE SV: VÅLD I ΗΕΜΜΕΤΛ/ÅLD INOM FAMIUE N

Any form of physical, sexual or psychological violence which puts the safety
or welfare of a family member at risk and/or the use of physical or emo­
tional force or threat of physical force, including sexual violence, within the
family or household. Includes child abuse, incest, wife battering and sexual
or other abuse of any member of the household.

19
E
ECONOMICALLY ACTIVE POPULATION
ES: POBLACIÓN ACTIVA FR: POPULATION ACTIVE
DA: DEN ØKONOMISK AKTIVE BE FOLKNING IT: POPOLAZION
E ATTIVA
DE: ERWERBSBEVÖLKERUNG/ NL: E CONOMISCH ACTIE VE BE VOLKING
ERWERBSPERSONEN PT: POPULAÇÃO E CONOMICAME NTE ACTIVA
EL: ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΙΚΑ ΕΝΕΡΓΟΣ ΠΛΗΘΥΣΜΟΣ Fl: TYÖVOIMA
EN: ECONOMICALLY ACTIVE POPULATION SV: FÖRVÄRVSARB
E TAND
E BE FOLKNING

All persons of either sex w h o supply labour for the production of economic
goods and services as defined by the UN (United Nations) system of nation­
al accounts during a specified time period.

EMPOWERMENT
ES: CAPACITACIÓN (para una plena ΕΝ: E MPOW
E RM
E NT
participación en los procesos FR: E
R NFORC
E E
M NT DE POUVOIR
de toma de decisiones) IT: CONF
E RIM
E NTO DI RE SPONSABILITÀ
DA: SÆTTEN I STAND TIL AT DE LTAGE NL: E„ MPOW
E RM
E NT"
I SAMFUNDE T PÅ LIGE FOD PT: CAPACITAÇÃO
DE: „EMPOWERMENT" Fl: VAIKUTUSVALLAN LISÄÄMINE N
EL: ΕΝΔΥΝΑΜΩΣΗ SV: ÖKAD DE LAKTIGHE T

The process of gaining access to resources and developing one's capacities

w i t h a view t o participating actively in shaping one's own life and that of
one's community in economic, social and political terms.

EQUALITY BETWEEN WOMEN AND MEN (sex equality)

ES: IGUALDAD E NTRE MUJE RE S Y HOMBRE S FR: EGALITE ENTRE LES FEMMES ET LES HOMMES
(igualdad entre los sexos) (égalité des sexes)
DA: LIGE STILLING ME LLE M KVINDE R IT: PARITÀ TRA DONNE E UOMINI
OG MÆND (kønsligestilling) (parità tra i sessi)
DE: GL
E ICHST
E LLUNG VON FRAUE N UND NL: GELIJKHEID VAN VROUWEN EN MANNEN
MÄNNERN (Gleichstellung der Geschlechter) PT: IGUALDADE ENTRE MULHERES E HOMENS
EL: ΙΣΟΤΗΤΑ ΜΕΤΑΞΥ ΓΥΝΑΙΚΩΝ ΚΑΙ ΑΝΔΡΩΝ (igualdade entre os sexos)
(ισότητα των φύλων) Fl: NAISTEN JA MIESTEN VÄLINEN TASA-ARVO
ΕΝ: EQUALITY BETWEEN WOMEN AND MEN SV: JÄMSTÄLLDHET MELLAN KVINNOR
(sex equality) OCH MÄN

The principle of equal rights and equal treatment for women and men (see
'Gender equality').

20
 F,
EQUALITY DIMENSION Wmå
ES: DIMENSIÓN DE LA IGUALDAD IT: DIMENSIONE DI PARITÀ
DA: LIGESTILLINGSDIMENSION NL: GELIJKHEIDSDIMENSIE/
DE: GLEICHSTELLUNGSDIMENSION EMANCIPATIEASPECTEN
EL: ΔΙΑΣΤΑΣΗ ΤΗΣ ΙΣΟΤΗΤΑΣ PT: DIMENSÃO DA IGUALDADE
EN: EQUALITY DIME NSION Fl: TASA­ARVOU LOTTU VU U S
FR: DIMENSION DE L'ÉGALITÉ SV: JÄMSTÄLLDHETSASPEKT

The aspect of any issue w h ich relates to ec uality.

EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN AND MEN ^^M

ES: IGUALDAD DE OPORTUNIDADES IT: PARI OPPORTUNITÀ PE R DONNE E UOMINI
ENTRE MUJE RE S Y HOMBRE S NL: GELIJKE KANSE N VOOR
DA: LIGE MULIGHEDER FOR KVINDE R OG MÆND VROUWEN E N MANNE N
DE: CHANCENGLEICHHEIT PT: IGUALDADE DE OPORTUNIDADE S
FÜR FRAUE N UND MÄNNE R ENTRE MULHE RE S E HOMENS
EL: ΙΣΕΣ ΕΥΚΑΙΡΙΕΣ ΓΙΑ ΓΥΝΑΙΚΕΣ ΚΑΙ ΑΝΔΡΕΣ Fl: NAISTEN JA MIE STE N TASA­ARVOISE T
EN: EQUAL OPPORTUNITIE S FOR WOMEN AND ME N MAHDOLLISUUDET
FR: ÉGALITÉ DE S CHANCES E NTRE SV: LIKA MÖJLIGHE TE R FÖR KVINNOR OCH MÄN
LES FEMMES E T LES HOMME S

Th s absence of barriers to economic, politi cal and social participation on the

grounds of sex.

EQUAL PAY FOR WORK OF EQUAL VALUE

ES: IGUALDAD DE RETRIBUCIÓN POR PARITA DI RE TRIBUZIONE PE R LAVORO
UN TRABAJO DE IGUAL VALOR DI PARI VALORE .
DA: LIG
E LØN FOR ARBEJDE AF SAMME VÆRDI NL: GELIJK LOON VOOR ARBE ID
DE: GL
E ICH
E S E NTGE LT BEI VAN GE LIJKE WAARDE
GLEICHWERTIGER ARBE IT PT: IGUALDADE DE RE MUNE RAÇÃO
EL: ΙΣΗ ΑΜΟΙΒΗ ΓΙΑ ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑ ΙΣΗΣ ΑΞΙΑΣ POR TRABALHO DE IGUAL VALOR
ΕΝ: E QUAL PAY FOR WORK OF E QUAL VALUE Fl: SAMA PALKKA SAMANARVOISE STA TYÖSTÄ
FR: R
E MUN
E RATION ÉGALE POUR TRAVAIL SV: LIKA LÖN FÖR LIKVÄRDIGT ARBE TE
DE VALEUR ÉGALE

Equal pay for work t o which equal value is attributed w i t h o u t discrimina­

tion on grounds of sex or marital status w i t h regard to all aspects of pay and
conditions of remuneration (Article 141 (ex 119) of the Amsterdam Treaty).

21
F,
EQUAL TREATMENT FOR WOMEN AND ME N
ES: IGUALDAD DE TRATO E NTRE PARITA DI TRATTAMENTO PE R DONNE
MUJERES Y HOMBRE S E UOMINI
DA: LIGEBEHANDLING AF KVINDE R OG MÆND NL: GELIJKE BE HANDE LING VAN VROUWE N
DE: GLEICHBEHANDLUNG VON FRAUE N EN MANNE N
UND MÄNNE RN PT: IGUALDADE DE TRATAME NTO
EL: ΙΣΗ ΜΕΤΑΧΕΙΡΙΣΗ ΓΥΝΑΙΚΩΝ ΚΑΙ ΑΝΔΡΩΝ ENTRE MULHE RE S E HOMENS
EN: EQUAL TREATMENT FOR WOMEN AND ME N FI: NAISTEN JA MIE STE N YHTÄLÄINE N KOHTE LU
FR: ÉGALITÉ DE TRAITEMENT E NTRE SV: LIKA BE HANDLING AV KVINNOR OCH MÄN
LES FEMMES E T LES HOMME S

Ensuring the absence of discrimination on the grounds of sex, either direct­

ly or indirectly (see 'Sex discrimination').

22
 F,
iWMIIMWlMIIHIHIMIIIJJAIIK'HJ.
ES: PERMISO POR RAZONE S FAMILIARE S IT: CONGEDO PE R MOTIVI FAMILIARI
DA: ORLOV AF FAMILIE MÆSSIGE ÅRSAGE R NL: VERLOF WEGENS FAMILIE OMSTANDIGHE DE N
DE: URLAUB AUS FAMILIÄRE N GRÜNDE N PT: LICENÇA PARA ASSISTÊNCIA À FAMILIA
EL: ΑΔΕΙΑ ΓΙΑ ΟΙΚΟΓΕΝΕΙΑΚΟΥΣ ΛΟΓΟΥΣ Fl: PERHEVAPAA
EN: FAMILY LE AVE SV: LEDIGHET AV FAMIUE SKÄL
FR: CONGÉS POUR RAISONS FAMILIALE S

A ri ght t o leave for family reasons which m ay or may not be shared between
the parents.

FAMILY VIOLENCE ^^U

ES: VIOLENCIA E N LA FAMILIA IT: VIOLENZA NE L CONTESTO FAMILIARE
DA: VOLD 1 FAMILIE N NL: GEWELD BINNE N HE T GEZIN
DE: GEWALT IN DE R FAMILIE PT: VIOLENCIA NA FAMILIA
EL: ΒΙΑ ΜΕΣΑ ΣΤΗΝ ΟΙΚΟΓΕΝΕΙΑ Fl: PERHEVÄKIVALTA
EN: FAMILY VIOLE NCE SV: VÅLD INOM FAMILJE N
FR: VIOLENCE DANS LA FAMILLE

See 'Domestic violence'.

FAMILY WORKER
ES: AYUDA FAMILIAR FR: AIDE FAMILIALE
DA: ME DHJÆLPE NDE FAMILIE ME DLE M IT: COLLABORATORE NE LL'IMPRE SA FAMILIARE
DE: MITH
E LF
E ND
E FAMILIE NANGE HÖRIGE NL: MEEWERKEND GE ZINSLID
EL: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΣ/Η ΣΤΗΝ ΟΙΚΟΓΕΝΕΙΑΚΗ PT: TRABALHADOR FAMILIAR
ΕΠΙΧΕΙΡΗΣΗ Fl: PERHEYRITYKSESSÄ TYÖSKE NTE LE VÄ
EN: FAMILY WORKE R SV: MEDHJÄLPANDE FAMIUE ME DLE M

A family member working in a family business such as a farm, shop, small

business or professional practice; frequently a wife, daughter or son.

23
 FEMINISATION OF POVE RTY
ES: E
F MINIZACIÓN DE LA POBRE ZA FR: FEMINISATION DE LA PAUVRE TE
DA: FE MINISE RING AF FATTIGDOMME N IT: FEMMINILIZZAZIONE DE LLA POVE RTÀ
DE: F
E MINISI
E RUNG DE R ARMUT NL: FEMINISERING VAN DE ARMOE DE
EL: ΑΥΞΗΣΗ ΤΟΥ ΠΟΣΟΣΤΟΥ ΤΩΝ ΓΥΝΑΙΚΩΝ PT: FEMINIZAÇÃO DA POBRE ZA
ΜΕΤΑΞΥ ΤΩΝ ΦΤΩΧΩΝ Fl: KÖYHYYDEN NAISISTUMINE N
EN: F
E MINISATION OF POVE RTY SV: FEMINISERING AV FATTIGDOME N

The increasing incidence and prevalence of poverty among women as com­

pared w i t h men.

FLEXIBILITY OF WORKING TIME/WORKING HOURS

ES: HORARIO FLE XIBLE FR: FL
E XIBILIT
E DU TE MPS/DE S HORAIRE S
DA: FL
E KSIB
E L ARBE JDSTID DE TRAVAIL
DE: FL
E XIBL
E ARBE ITSZE IT IT: E
FL SSIBILITÀ DE LL'ORARIO DI LAVORO
EL: ΕΥΕΛΙΞΙΑ ΤΟΥ ΧΡΟΝΟΥ/ΤΩΝ NL: FL
E XIB
EE L ARBE IDSDUUR/WE RKTIJDE N
ΩΡΩΝ ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑ PT: FL
E XIBILIDAD
E DO TEMPO DE TRABALHO/
ΕΝ: FL
E XIBILITY OF WORKING TIME / /HORÁRIO DE TRABALHO
WORKING HOURS Fl: TYÖAIKAJOUSTO / JOUSTAVA TYÖAIKA
SV: FL
E XIB
E L ARBE TSTID

Formulas of working time which offer a range of possibilities in relation t o

the number of hours worked and the arrangements of rosters, shifts or
work schedules on a daily, weekly, monthly or yearly basis.

24
 ■ GENDER
ES: GÉNERO/SEXO, TOMADO E N SE NTIDO FR: GENRE/SEXE (rapports sociaux de sexe)
SOCIOLÓGICO IT: GENERE
DA: KØN NL: GENDER
DE: SOZIALES GE SCHLE CHT PT: GÈNERO
EL: ΦΥΛΟ (κοινωνικό) FI: SUKUPUOLI (GE NDE R)
EN: GENDER SV: GENUS

A concept that refers t o the social differences, as opposed t o the biological

ones, between women and men that have been learned, are changeable
over time and have wide variations both w i t h i n and between cultures.

GENDER ANALYSIS
1
ES: ANÁLISIS POR GÈNE RO IT: ANALISI COMPARATIVA DI GE NE RE
DA: KØNSSPECIFIK ANALYSE NL: GENDERANALYSE
DE: GESCHLECHTSSPEZIFISCHE ANALYSE PT: ANÁLISE DAS QUE STÕE S DO GÉNE RO
EL: ΑΝΑΛΥΣΗ ΩΣ ΠΡΟΣ TO ΦΥΛΟ Fl: TASA­ARVOANALYYSI
EN: GENDER ANALYSIS SV: JÄMSTÄLLDHETSANALYS/GENUSANALYS
FR: ANALYSE SE LON LE GENRE

The study of differences in the conditions, needs, participation rates, access

t o resources and development, control of assets, decision­making powers,
etc. , between women and men in their assigned gender roles.

^^M E
EG ND R AUDIT
ES: ANÁLISIS E N FUNCIÓN DE L GÉNERO IT: E
V RIFICA DE LL'INTE GRAZIONE
DA: LIGE STILLINGSMÆSSIG VURDE RING DELLA DIME NSIONE DI GE NE RE
DE: GL
E ICHST
E LLUNGSKONTROLL
E NL: G
E ND
E RAUDIT
EL: ΕΛΕΓΧΟΣ ΩΣ ΠΡΟΣ TO ΦΥΛΟ PT: COMPROVAÇÃO DA INTE GRAÇÃO
EN: G
E ND
E R AUDIT DA PE RSPE CTIVA DO GÈNE RO
FR: AUDIT SE LON LE GENRE FI: TASA­ARVOTARKASTUS
SV: JÄMSTÄLLDH
E TSR
E VISION

The analysis and evaluation of policies, programmes and institutions in

terms of how they apply gene er­ related criteria.

25
G
GENDER­BASED VIOLENCE/SEXUAL VIOL
ES: VIOL
E NCIA SE XISTA IT: VIOLENZA CONNE SSA AL SESSO
DA: KØNSBAS
E R
E T VOLD NL: SEKSUEEL GE WE LD
DE: G
E SCHL
E CHTSB
E ZOG
E N
E GE WALT PT: VIOLENCIA LIGADA AO SE XO/VIOLÊNCIA
EL: ΒΙΑ ΠΟΥ ΣΥΝΔΕΕΤΑΙ ΜΕ ΤΟ ΦΥΛΟ SEXUAL
ΕΝ: G
E ND
E R­BAS
E D VIOLE NCE /SE XUAL VIOLE NCE Fl: SUKUPUOLISTUNUT VÄKIVALTA
FR: VIOL
E NC
E LIÉE AU GE NRE /SE XE SV: KÖNSRELATERAT VÅLD

Any f o r m of violence by use or threat of physical or emotional force, includ­

ing rape, w i f e battering, sexual harassment, incest and paedophilia.

^^M E
EG ND R BLIND
ES: INS
E NSIBL
E A LAS DIFE RE NCIAS DE GÉNERO IT: INSENSIBILE ALLA SPE CIFICITÀ DI GE NE RE
DA: KØNSBUND NL: GENDERBLIND
DE: GL
E ICHST
E LLUNGSINDIFF
E E
R NT PT: INSENSÍVEL À DIME NSÃO DO GÈNE RO
EL: ΑΓΝΟΩΝ/ΟΥΣΑ ΤΗ ΔΙΑΣΤΑΣΗ ΤΟΥ ΦΥΛΟΥ Fl: SUKUPUOLISOKEA
EN: G
E ND
E R BLIND SV: KÖNSBLIND
FR: IGNORANT LA SPÉCIFICITÉ DE GENRE

Ignoring/failing to address the gender d 'mension (as opposed to gender

sensitive or gender neutral).

GENDER CONTRACT
ES: CONTRATO BASADO IT: CONTRATTO SOCIALE IN BASE AL SESSO
EN LAS DIFERENCIAS DE GÉNERO NL: GENDERCONTRACT/CONTRACT
DA: KØNSKONTRAKT TUSSEN MANNE N E N VROUWEN
DE: G ESCH LECHTERVERTRAG PT: CONTRATO SOCIAL DO GÉNE RO
EL: ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΚΟ ΣΥΜΒΟΛΑΙΟ ΤΟΥ ΦΥΛΟΥ Fl: SUKUPUOLISOPIMUS
EN: GENDER CONTRACT SV: GENUSKONTRAKT
FR: CONTRAT SOCIAL DE GENRE

A set of implicit and explicit rules governing gender relations which allocate
different work and value, responsibilities and obligations t o men and
women and maintained on three levels: cultural superstructure: the norms
and values of society; institutions — family welfare, education and employ­
ment systems, etc.; and socialisation processes, notably in the family.

26
 GENDER DIME NSIi
ES: DIM
E NSION DE L GÈNERO IT: SPECIFICITÀ DI GENERE
DA: K0NSDIME NSION NL: GENDERDIMENSIE/EMANCIPATIEASPECTEN
DE: G
E SCHL
E CHTSSP
E ZIFISCH
E DIME NSION PT: DIMENSÃO DO GÈNE RO
EL: ΔΙΑΣΤΑΣΗ ΤΟΥ ΦΥΛΟΥ Fl: SUKUPUOLIULOTTUVUUS
ΕΝ: G
E ND
E R DIME NSION SV: KÖNSASPEKT/JÄMSTÄLLDHETSASPEKT
FR: SPÉCIFICITÉ DE GENRE

The aspect of any issue which relates t o gender/the differences in the lives
of women and men.

GENDER DISAGGRE GATE D DATA

ES: DATOS DE SAGRE GADOS POR SEXO FR: DONN
EE S VE NTILE E S PAR SEXE
DA: KØNSOPDE LTE DATA IT: DATI DISAGGRE GATI IN BASE AL SESSO
DE: NACH GE SCHLE CHT NL: NAAR GE SLACHT UITGE SPLITSTE GE GE VE NS
AUFGESCHLÜSSELTE DATE N PT: DADOS RE PARTIDOS POR GÈNERO
EL: ΔΕΔΟΜΕΝΑ ΚΑΤΑ ΦΥΛΟ FI: SUKUPUOL
E N MUKAAN E RITE LLYT TIEDOT
EN: G
E ND
E R DISAGGRE GATE D DATA SV: KÖNSUPPD
E LAD
E UPPGIFTE R

The collection and separation of data and statistical information by gender

t o enable comparative analysis/gender analysis.

GENDER DISTRIBUTION OF PAID AND UNPAID WORK ■ ■

ES: DISTRIBUCIÓN DE L TRABAJO RE MUNE RADO
Y NO RE MUNE RADO E N FUNCIÓN DE L GÉNERO
DA: FORDELING AF LØNNE T OG ULØNNE T
ARBEJDE ME LLE M KØNNE NE
DE: GESCHLECHTSSPEZIFISCHE AUFTE ILUNG
VON BE ZAHLTE R UND UNBE ZAHLTE R ARBE IT
EL: ΚΑΤΑΝΟΜΗ ΚΑΤΑ ΦΥΛΟ ΤΗΣ ΑΜΕΙΒΟΜΕΝΗΣ
ΚΑΙ ΜΗ ΑΜΕΙΒΟΜΕΝΗΣ ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑΣ
EN: GENDER DISTRIBUTION OF PAID AND
UNPAID WORK
FR: REPARTITION DU TRAVAIL RE MUNE RÉ
ET NON RÉMUNÉRÉ E NTRE LE S FEMMES
ET LES HOMME S
IT: RIPARTIZIONE DI LAVORO RE TRIBUITO
E NON RE TRIBUITO IN BASE AL SESSO
NL: VERDELING VAN BE TAALDE E N
ONBETAALDE ARBE ID TUSSEN
MANNEN E N VROUWEN
PT: DISTRIBUIÇÃO POR GÉNE ROS DO TRABALHO
REMUNERADO E NÃO RE MUNE RADO
EM FUNÇÃO DO GÉNE RO
Fl: PALKALLISEN JA PALKATTOMAN TYÖN
JAKAUTUMINEN SUKUPUOLE N MUKAAN
SV: KÖNSFÖRDELNING NÄR DE T GÄLLER
AVLÖNAT OCH OAVLÖNAT ARBE TE

See 'Division of labour (by gender)'.

27
G
GENDER EQUALITY
ES: IGUALDAD E NTRE HOMBRE S Y MUJE RE S FR: EGALITE DE S SEXES
DA: LIGESTILLING ME LLE M KØNNE NE IT: UGUAGLIANZA TRA I SESSI
DE: GLEICHSTELLUNG DE R GESCHLECHTER/ NL: GELIJKHEID VAN MANNE N E N VROUWEN
GLEICHSTELLUNG VON FRAUE N PT: IGUALDADE E NTRE GÉNE ROS
UND MÄNNE RN (in sozialer Hinsicht) Fl: SUKUPUOLTEN TASA­ARVO
EL: ΙΣΟΤΗΤΑ ΤΩΝ ΦΥΛΩΝ SV: JÄMSTÄLLDHET ME LLAN KVINNOR
EN: GENDER E QUALITY OCH MÄN

The concept that all human beings are free t o develop their personal abili­
ties and make choices w i t h o u t the limitations set by strict gender roles; that
the different behaviour, aspirations and needs of women and men are con­
sidered, valued and favoured equally.

GENDER EQUITY
ES: E QUIDAD E NTRE HOMBRE S Y MUJE RE S NL: GELIJKWAARDIGE BE HANDE LING
DA: RIME LIG BALANCE ME LLE M KØNNE NE VAN MANNE N E N VROUWEN
DE: GL
E ICHH
E IT VON FRAU UND MANN PT: EQUIDADE E NTRE GÉNEROS
EL: ΙΣΟΤΙΜΙΑ ΤΩΝ ΦΥΛΩΝ Fl: SUKUPUOLTEN OIKE UDE NMUKAINE N
EN: G
E ND
E R E QUITY KOHTELU
FR: TRAIT
E M
E NT ÉQUITABLE E NTRE LE S SEXES SV: LIKVÄRDIG BE HANDLING
IT: UGUAGLIANZA DI GENERE

Fairness of treatment by gender, which may be equal treatment or treat­

ment which is different but which is considered equivalent in terms of
rights, benefits, obligations and opportunities.

GENDER GAP
ES: DIF
E ER NCIA DE BIDA AL GE NE RO IT: DISPARITÀ TRA I GENERI
DA: KØNSSKÆVH
E D NL: E
G ND
E RKLOOFA/
E RSCHILL
E N
DE: G
E SCHL
E CHTSSP
E ZIFISCH
E DISKRE PANZ TUSSEN VROUWEN E N MANNE N
EL: ΑΝΟΙΓΜΑ ΜΕΤΑΞΥ ΤΩΝ ΦΥΛΩΝ PT: FOSSO ENTRE GÉNEROS
ΕΝ: G
E ND
E R GAP Fl: SUKUPUOLT
E N VÄLINE N KUILU
FR: DISPARIT
E E NTRE LES GENRES SV: KLYFTAN ME LLAN KÖNE N

The gap in any area between women and men in terms of their levels of
participation, access to resources, rights, remuneration or benefits.

28
 G
GENDER IMPACT ASSESSMENT
ES: EVALUACIÓN DE L IMPACTO FR: EVALUATION DE L'IMPACT SELON LE GENRE
EN FUNCIÓN DE L GÉNERO IT: VALUTAZIONE D'IMPATTO RISPETTO
DA: KØNSSPECIFIK KONSE KVE NSANALYSE AL SESSO
DE: BEWERTUNG DE R GESCHLECHTS­ NL: EMANCIPATIE-EFFECTRAPPORTAGE
SPEZIFISCHEN AUSWIRKUNGE N PT: AVALIAÇÃO DO IMPACTO NO GÈNE RO
EL: ΕΚΤΙΜΗΣΗ ΤΟΥ ΑΝΤΙΚΤΥΠΟΥ FI: SUKUPUOLIVAIKUTUST
E N ARVIOINTI
(μιας πολιτικής) ΣΤΟ ΦΥΛΟ SV: KONS
E KV
E NSANALYS UR ETT
EN: GENDER IMPACT ASSESSMENT JÄMSTÄLLDHETS PE RSPE KTIV

Examining policy proposals to see whether they will affect women and men
differently, w i t h a view t o adapting these proposals to make sure that dis­
criminatory effects are neutralised and that gender equality is promoted.

GENDER MAINSTREAMING
ES: INT
E GRACIÓN DE LA PE RSPE CTIVA EN: GENDER MAINSTRE AMING
DE GÉNERO E N EL CONJUNTO FR: INTEGRATION DE LA DIME NSION DE GENRE
DE LAS POLÍTICAS/TRASVE RSALIDAD IT: MAINSTREAMING (integrazione
DA: INT
E GR
E RING AF KØNSASPE KTE T I ALLE della dimensione delle pari
POLITIKKER opportunità)
DE: „G
E ND
E R MAINSTRE AMING'VE INBE ZIE HUNG NL: INTEGRATIE VAN DE GENDERDIMENSIE/
DER DIME NSION DE R CHANCE NGLE ICHHE IT EMANCIPATIEASPECTEN IN HE T BE LE ID
IN SÄMTLICHE BE RE ICHE DE R POLITIK/ PT: INTEGRAÇÃO DA PE RSPE CTIVA DO GÈNE RO
QUERSCHNITTSAUFGABE FRAUE N­ UND Fl: VALTAVIRTAISTAMINEN (mainstreaming)
GLEICHSTELLUNGSPOLITIK SV: INTEGRERING AV E TT
EL: ΕΝΤΑΞΗ ΤΗΣ ΔΙΑΣΤΑΣΗΣ ΤΟΥ ΦΥΛΟΥ JÄMSTÄLLDHETSPERSPEKTIV

The systematic integration of the respective situations, priorities and needs

of women and men in all policies and w i t h a view t o promoting equality
between women and men and mobilising all general policies and measures
specifically for the purpose of achieving equality by actively and openly tak­
ing into account, at the planning stage, their effects on the respective situ­
ations of women and men in implementation, monitoring and evaluation
(Commission communication, COM(96) 67 final, 21.2.1996).

29
G
GENDER NE UTRAL
ES: NO DISCRIMINATORIO CON RESPECTO FR: NON DISCRIMINATOIRE /NON SE XISTE
AL SE XO/NO SE XISTA IT: NEUTRO RISPE TTO AL GE NE RE /SE SSO
DA: KØNSNEUTRAL NL: SEKSENEUTRAAL
DE: GESCHLECHTSNEUTRAL PT: NEUTRO E M TE RMOS DE GÈNERO
EL: ΟΥΔΕΤΕΡΟΣ/Η/Ο ΩΣ ΠΡΟΣ ΤΟ ΦΥΛΟ Fl: SUKUPUOLINEUTRAALI
EN: GENDER NE UTRAL SV: KÖNSNEUTRAL

Having no differential positive or ne gatl·ye impact for gender relations or

equality between women and men.

GENDER PAY DIFFERENTIAL

ES: DIF
E ER NCIAL RE TRIBUTIVO IT: DIFFERENZIALE RE TRIBUTIVO FRA I SESSI
ENTRE MUJE RE S Y HOMBRE S NL: BELONINGSVERSCHILLEN TUSSE N VROUWE N
DA: U
E NS LØN TIL KVINDE R OG MÆND EN MANNE N
DE: G
E SCHL
E CHTSSP
E ZIFISCH
E LOHNUNTE RSCHIE DE PT: DIFERENCIAL DE REMUNERAÇÃO E NTRE
EL: ΔΙΑΦΟΡΟΠΟΙΗΣΗ ΣΤΙΣ ΑΜΟΙΒΕΣ ΤΩΝ ΔΥΟ GÉNEROS
ΦΥΛΩΝ Fl: SUKUPUOLTEN VÄLISE T PALKKAE ROT
ΕΝ: G
E ND
E R PAY DIFFE RE NTIAL SV: LÖNESKILLNADER ME LLAN KVINNOR
FR: DIFFÉR
E NTI
E L DE RE MUNE RATION OCH MÄN
ENTRE LE S SEXES

The existing difference between the earnings of men and women arising
from job segregation and direct discrimination.

GENDER PAY GAP

ES: DIF
E ER NCIA DE RETRIBUCIÓN FR: ECART DE REMUNERATION E NTRE LE S SEXES
ENTRE MUJERES Y HOMBRE S IT: DIVARIO RE TRIBUTIVO FRA I SESSI
DA: KØNSBE TINGE T LØNFORSKE L NL: ONGELIJKE BE LONING VAN VROUWE N
DE: G
E SCHL
E CHTSSP
E ZIFISCH
E S LOHNGE FÄLLE EN MANNE N
EL: ΑΝΟΙΓΜΑ ΜΕΤΑΞΥ ΤΩΝ ΑΜΟΙΒΩΝ ΤΩΝ ΡΤ: FOSSO SALARIAL E NTRE GÉNEROS
ΔΥΟ ΦΥΛΩΝ Fl: SUKUPUOLTEN VÄLINE N PALKKAKUILU
ΕΝ: G
E ND
E R PAY GAP SV: LÖNEKLYFTAN ME LLAN KVINNOR OCH MÄN

The gap between the average earnings of men and women.

30
 G
GENDER PE RSPE CTIVE
ES: E
P RSP
E CTIVA DE GÉNERO IT: CONSIDERAZIONE DE LLA SPE CIFICITÀ
DA: KØNSP
E RSP
E KTIV DI GENERE
DE: G
E SCHL
E CHTSSP
E ZIFISCH
E PE RSPE KTIVE NL: GENDERPERSPECTIEF
EL: ΠΡΙΣΜΑ ΤΟΥ ΦΥΛΟΥ PT: PERSPECTIVA DE GÈNERO
EN: G
E ND
E R PE RSPE CTIVE Fl: SUKUPUOLINÄKÖKULMA
FR: E
P RSP
E CTIV
E DE GENRE SV: JÄMSTÄLLDHETSPERSPEKTIV

The consideration and attention given t o the differences in any given poli­
cy area/activity.

GENDER PLANNING ^^M

ES: PLANIFICACIÓN SE NSIBLE AL GÉNERO IT: PROGRAMMAZIONE
DA: LIGESTILLINGSPLANLÆGNING SECONDO LA SPE CIFICITÀ DI GENERE
DE: GLEICHSTELLUNGSORIENTIERTER ANSATZ NL: GENDERPLANNING
EL: ΣΧΕΔΙΑΣΜΟΣ ΠΟΥ ΕΝΤΑΣΣΕΙ ΤΗ ΔΙΑΣΤΑΣΗ PT: PLANEAMENTO E M FUNÇÃO DO GÉNE RO
ΤΟΥ ΦΥΛΟΥ FI: TASA­ARVOSUUNNITTELU
EN: GENDER PLANNING SV: PLANERING UR ETT
FR: PLANIFICATION INTÉGRANT JÄMSTÄLLDHETSPERSPEKTIV
LA DIME NSION DE GENRE

An active approach t o planning which takes gender as a key variable or cri­

terion and which seeks t o incorporate an explicit gender dimension into
policy or action.

GENDER PROOFING ^^M

ES: E VALUACIÓN GLOBAL TENIENDO E N IT: VERIFICA IN BASE AL GENERE
CUENTA E L GÉNERO NL: EMANCIPATIETOETS
DA: LIG
E STILLINGSVURD
E RING PT: VERIFICAÇÃO DA INTE GRAÇÃO
DE: GL
E ICHST
E LLUNGSPRÜFUNG DA PE RSPE CTIVA DO GÉNE RO
EL: ΕΠΑΛΗΘΕΥΣΗ ΩΣ ΠΡΟΣ ΤΗΝ ΕΝΤΑΞ Η ΤΗΣ Fl: TASA­ARVONÄKÖKOHTIEN
ΔΙΑΣΤΑΣΗΣ ΤΟΥ ΦΥΛΟΥ HUOMIOONOTTAMISEN TARKASTUS
ΕΝ: G
E ND
E R PROOFING SV: KONTROLL AV ATT
FR: VÉRIFICATION DE LA PRISE JÄMSTÄLLDHETSASPEKTEN BE AKTAS
EN COMPTE DU GE NRE

A check carried out on any policy proposal to ensure that any potential gen­
der discriminatory effects arising from that policy have been avoided and
t h a t gender equality is promoted.

31
G
1 E
EG ND R RE LATIONS
ES: RELACIONES E NTRE HOMBRE S Y MUJE RE S IT: RAPPORTO Dl GE NE RE
DA: KØNSRELATIONER NL: VERHOUDINGEN TUSSE N MANNE N
DE: GESCHLECHTERVERHÄLTNISSE EN VROUWEN
EL: ΣΧΕΣΕΙΣ ΦΥΛΟΥ PT: RELAÇÕES DE GÉNERO
EN: GENDER RE LATIONS Fl: SUKUPUOLTEN VÄLINE N SUHDE
FR: RAPPORTS DE GENRE SV: RELATIONER ME LLAN KÖNE N

The relationship and unequal power distribution between women and men
which characterise any specific gender system (see 'Gender contract').

^^m E
EG ND R RE LE VANCE
ES: E
P RTIN
E NCIA CON RE SPE CTO AL GÉNE RO IT: SIGNIFICATIVO IN RE LAZIONE AL GE NE RE
DA: KØNSR
E L
E VANS NL: GENDERRELEVANTIE
DE: G
E SCHL
E CHTSSP
E ZIFISCH
E RE LE VANZ PT: RELEVANCIA E M TERMOS DO GÉNE RO
EL: ΣΥΝΑΦΕΙΑ ME ΤΗ ΔΙΑΣΤΑΣΗ ΤΟΥ ΦΥΛΟΥ Fl: MERKITYS SUKUPUOLE N KANNALTA
EN: G
E ND
E R RE LE VANCE SV: RELEVANS UR ETT
FR: E
P RTIN
E NC
E (AU RE GARD) DU GE NRE JÄMSTÄLLDHETSPERSPEKTIV

The question of whether a particu ar policy or action is relevant to gender

relations/equality between women ar d men.

GENDER ROLE S
ES: GÉNERO­ROLES E STABLE CIDOS FR: RÔLES EN FONCTION DU GE NRE
EN FUNCIÓN DE L SEXO IT: RUOLI DI GENERE
DA: KØNSROLLER NL: ROLPATRONEN VAN MANNE N E N VROUWE N
DE: GESCHLECHTERROLLEN PT: PAPÉIS ATRIBUIDOS E M FUNÇÃO DO GÉNE RO
EL: ΡΟΛΟΙ ΤΩΝ ΦΥΛΩΝ Fl: SUKUPUOLIROOLIT
EN: GENDER ROLE S SV: KÖNSROLLER

A set of prescriptions for action and be haviour allocated to women and

men respectively, and inculcated and maintained as described under
'Gender contract'.

32
 G
GENDER SENSITIVE I
ES: E
S NSIBILIDAD CON RE SPE CTO AL GÈNE RO IT: SENSIBILE ALLE SPE CIFICITÀ DI GENERE
DA: KØNSOPMÆRKSOM NL: GENDERBEWUST/SEKSEBEWUST/
DE: GL
E ICHST
E LLUNGSORI
E NTI
E RT VROUWVRIENDELIJK
EL: ΕΥΑΙΣΘΗΤΟΠΟΙΗΜΕΝΟΣ/Η/Ο ΩΣ ΠΡΟΣ ΤΗ PT: SENSÍVEL À DIME NSÃO DE GÉNERO
ΔΙΑΣΤΑΣΗ ΤΟΥ ΦΥΛΟΥ Fl: SUKUPUOLISENSmiVINEN
ΕΝ: G
E ND
E R SE NSITIVE SV: KÖNSMEDVETEN
FR: E
S NSIBL
E À LA DIME NSION DE GENRE

Addressing and taking into account th e g ender dimension.

GLASS CEILING ^^M

ES: E
T CHO DE VIDRIO IT: GLASS CE ILING
DA: GLASLOFT (soffitto di cristallo, soffitto di vetro)
DE: „GLÄS
E RN
E DE CKE " NL: GLAZEN PLAFOND
EL: ΓΥΑΛΙΝΗ ΟΡΟΦΗ PT: TECTO DE VIDRO
EN: GLASS CEILING Fl: LASIKATTO
FR: PLAFOND DE VERRE SV: GLASTAK

The invisible barrier arising fro m a com plex set of structures in male­
dominated organisations which prevents women from obtaining senior
positions.

33
II
HIDDEN UNEMPLOYMENT
ES: DESEMPLEO OCULTO IT: DISOCCUPAZION
E OCCULTA
DA: SKJULT ARBE JDSLØSHE D NL: E
V RBORG
E N WE RKLOOSHE ID
DE: VERSTECKTE ARBE ITSLOSIGKE IT PT: E
DES MPR
E GO OCULTO
EL: ΑΔΗΛΗ ΑΝΕΡΓΙΑ Fl: PIILOTYÖTTÖMYYS
EN: HIDDEN UNE MPLOYME NT SV: DOLD ARBE TSLÖSHE T
FR: CHÔMAGE CACHÉ/INVISIBLE

Those who are unemployed but w h o do not meet the requirements of

national systems of unemployment registration (requirements which may
exclude women in particular).

^^M HOMEWORK
ES: TRABAJO A DOMICILIO IT: LAVORO A DOMICILIO
DA: HJ
E MM
E ARB
E JD
E NL: THUISW
E RK
DE: H
E IMARB
E IT PT: TRABALHO NO DOMICILIO
EL: ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑ ΚΑΤ' ΟΙΚΟΝ Fl: KOTONA TE HTÄVÄ TYÖ
ΕΝ: HOM
E WORK SV: ARB
E E
T I HE MME T
FR: TRAVAIL À DOMICILE

Work carried out by a person in his or her home or in other premises of his
or her choice, other than the workplace of the employer, for remuneration,
which results in a product or a service as specified by the employer, irre­
spective of who provides the equipment, materials or other inputs used
(International Labour Organisation Convention No 177).

HORIZONTAL SEGREGATION
ES: E
S GR
E GACIÓN HORIZONTAL FR: E
S GR
E GATION HORIZONTALE /SE CTORIE LLE
DA: HORISONTAL K0NSOPDE LING IT: E
S GR
E GAZION
E ORIZZONTALE
DE: HORIZONTAL
E TRE NNUNG NL: HORIZONTAL
E SE GRE GATE
EL: ΟΡΙΖΟΝΤΙΟΣ ΕΠΑΓΓΕΛΜΑΤΙΚΟΣ PT: E
S GR
E GAÇÃO HORIZONTAL
ΔΙΑΧΩΡΙΣΜΟΣ Fl: HORISONTAALIN
E N E RIYTYMINE N
ΕΝ: HORIZONTAL SE GRE GATION SV: HORISONT
E LL SE GRE GE RING

The concentration of women and men into particular sectors and occupa­
tions (see 'Job segregation').

34
 Η
HUMAN RIGHTS OF WOMEN
ES: E
D E
R CHOS HUMANOS E SPE CÍFICOS FR: DROITS DE S FEMMES INHE RE NTS
DE LA MUJE R AUX DROITS HUMAINS
DA: KVINDE RS ME NNE SKE RE TTIGHE DE R IT: DIRITTI UMANI DE LLE DONNE
DE: M
E NSCH
E NR
E CHT
E DE R FRAUE N NL: E
R CHT
E N VAN DE VROUW/
EL: TA ΔΙΚΑΙΩΜΑΤΑ ΤΩΝ ΓΥΝΑΙΚΩΝ ΩΣ VROUWENRECHTEN
ΑΝΘΡΩΠΙΝΑ ΔΙΚΑΙΩΜΑΤΑ PT: DIR
E ITOS HUMANOS DAS MULHE RE S
ΕΝ: HUMAN RIGHTS OF WOME N Fl: NAIST
E N IHMISOIKE UDE T
SV: KVINNORS MÄNSKLIGA RÄTTIGHE TE R

The rights of women and girl children as an inalienable, integral and indi­
visible part of universal human rights and including the concept of repro­
ductive rights.

35
 ILLEGAL WORK
ES: E MPL
E O ILE GAL IT: LAVORO CLANDE STINO
DA: ULOVLIG BE SKÆFTIGE LSE NL: ILL
E GAL
E ARBE ID
DE: ILL
E GAL
E BE SCHÄFTIGUNG PT: TRABALHO CLANDE STINO
EL: ΠΑΡΑΝΟΜΗ ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑ Fl: ILMAN LAILLISTA TYÖLUPAA TE HTY TYÖ
EN: ILL
E GAL WORK SV: ILL
E GALT ARBETE
FR: TRAVAIL CLANDE STIN

Work performed by people who do not have a legal work permit.

^^m VINACTI ITY RATE

ES: TASA DE INACTIVIDAD IT: TASSO DI INATTIVITÀ
DA: FR
E KV
E NS AF IKKE ­E RHVE RVSAKTIVE NL: INACTIEVEN
DE: QUOT
E DE R NICHTE RWE RBSTÄTIGE N PT: TAXA DE INACTIVIDADE
EL: ΠΟΣΟΣΤΟ ΑΕΡΓΩΝ Fl: TYÖMARKKINOIDEN ULKOPUOLE LLA
EN: INACTIVITY RATE OLEVIEN OSUUS
FR: TAUX D'INACTIVITÉ SV: ANDELEN E J 1 ARBE TSKRAFTE N

All persons w h o are not classifie d as employed or unemployed, expressed as

a percentage of the population of w o r k i r g age (15 to 64).

INDIVIDUALISATION OF RIGHTS
ES: INDIVIDUALIZACIÓN DE LOS DERECHOS FR: INDIVIDUALISATION DE S DROITS
DA: INDIVIDUALISE RING AF RE TTIGHE DE R IT: INDIVIDUALIZZAZIONE DE I DIRITTI
DE: INDIVIDUALISI
E RUNG DE R ANSPRÜCHE/ NL: INDIVIDUALISERING VAN RE CHTE N
RECHTE PT: INDIVIDUALIZAÇÃO DOS DIRE ITOS
EL: ΕΞΑΤΟΜΙΚΕΥΣΗ ΤΩΝ ΔΙΚΑΙΩΜΑΤΩΝ Fl: OIKEUKSIEN YKSILÖLLISTÄMINE N
EN: INDIVIDUALISATION OF RIGHTS SV: INDIVIDUALISERING AV RÄTTIGHE TE R

Developing taxation and social security systems whereby rights accrue

directly to the individual.

3d
 INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS
ES: E
D E
R CHOS INDIVIDUALE S FR: DROITS INDIVIDUE LS/PROPRE S
DA: INDIVIDUE LLE RE TTIGHE DE R IT: DIRITTI INDIVIDUALI
DE: E IG
E NSTÄNDIG
E ANSPRÜCHE / NL: INDIVIDU
E E
L RE CHTE N
INDIVIDUELLE RE CHTE PT: DIR
E ITOS INDIVIDUAIS
EL: ΑΤΟΜΙΚΑ ΔΙΚΑΙΩΜΑΤΑ Fl: YKSILÖLLIS
E T OIKE UDE T
EN: INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS SV: INDIVIDU
E LLA RÄTTIGHE TE R

Rights which accrue directly t o an individual (as opposed to derived rights).

INFORMAL ECONOMY/WORK
ES: ECONOMIA SUME RGIDA/TRABAJO SUME RGIDO IT: ECONOMIA SOMME RSA/
DA: UFORMEL ØKONOMI/BE SKÆFTIGE LSE LAVORO SOMME RSO
DE: INFORMELLE WIRTSCHAFT/ARBEIT NL: INFORMELE SE CTOR/ARBE ID
EL: ΑΝΕΠΙΣΗΜΗ ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΙΑ/ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑ PT: ECONOMIA/TRABALHO INFORMAL
EN: INFORMAL E CONOMY/WORK Fl: EPÄVIRALLINEN TALOUS / PIME Ä TYÖ
FR: ÉCONOMIE INFORME LLE /TRAVAIL INFORME L SV: INFORMELL E KONOMI/INFORME LLT ARBE TE

Unpaid economic activities carried out for the direct benefit of the house­
hold or of relatives and friends' households on a reciprocal basis, including
everyday domestic work and a great variety of self­provisioning activities
and/or professional activity, whether as a sole or secondary occupation,
exercised gainfully and not occasionally, yet not, or only marginally so, in
fulfilment of any statutory, regulatory or contractual obligations, but
excluding informal activities which are also part of the criminal economy.

INTEGRATION OF EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES/GENDER PERSPECTIV E

ES: INTEGRACIÓN DE LA IGUALDAD DE
OPORTUNIDADES/PERSPECTIVA DE GÉNERO
DA: INTEGRATION AF LIGE STILLING/KØNSPE RSPE KTIV NL:
DE: EINBEZIEHUNG DE R DIME NSION
DER CHANCE NGLE ICHHE IT/
DER GESCHLECHTSSPEZIFISCHEN PE RSPE KTIVE
EL: ΕΝΤΑΞΗ ΤΗΣ ΔΙΑΣΤΑΣΗΣ ΤΗΣ ΙΣΟΤΗΤΑΣ
ΕΥΚΑΙΡΙΩΝ/ΤΟΥ ΠΡΙΣΜΑΤΟΣ ΤΟΥ ΦΥΛΟΥ
EN: INTEGRATION OF E QUAL OPPORTUNITIE S/
GENDER PE RSPE CTIVE
FR: INTEGRATION DE L'ÉGALITÉ DE S CHANCES/
PERSPECTIVE DE GENRE
IT: INTEGRAZIONE DE LLE PARI OPPORTUNITA/
DELLA PROSPE TTIVA DI GENERE
INTEGRATIE VAN GE LIJKE KANSE N/
HET GENDERPERSPECTIEF IN HE T BELEID
PT: INTEGRAÇÃO DA IGUALDADE DE
OPORTUNIDADES/PERSPECTIVA DE GÉNERO
Fl: TASA­ARVOULOTTUVUUDEN
SISÄLLYTTÄMINEN / SUKUPUOL1ULOTTU­
VUUDEN SISÄLLYTTÄMINE N
SV: INTEGRERING AV LIKA MÖJLIGHE TE R/
JÄMSTÄLLDHETSPERSPEKTIV

See 'Gender mainstreaming'.

37
 INVISIBLE BAR
ES: BARR
E RAS INVISIBLE S IT: OSTACOLI INVISIBILI
DA: USYNLIGE BARRIE RE R NL: E
V RBORG
E N BE LE MME RINGE N
DE: UNSICHTBAR
E SCHRANKE N PT: BARR
E IRAS INVISÍVE IS
EL: ΑΟΡΑΤΟΙ ΦΡΑΓΜΟΙ Fl: NÄKYMÄTTÖMÄT E STE E T
EN: INVISIBL
E BARRIE RS SV: OSYNLIGA HINDE R
FR: BARRIÈR
E S INVISIBLE S

Attitudes and the underlying traditional assumptions, norms and values

which prevent (women's) empowerment/full participation in society.

IRREGULAR AND/OR PRE CARIOUS E MPLOYME NT

ES: E MPL
E O/TRABAJO RE MUNE RADO FR: EMPLOI IRREGULIER ET/OU PRECAIRE
IRREGULAR Y PRE CARIO IT: OCCUPAZIONE IRREGOLARE E PRECARIA
DA: URE GE LMÆSSIGTOG USTABILT ARBEJDE NL: NIET-REGULIERE ΕΝ/OF MARGINALE
DE: UNR
E G
E LMÄSSIG
E UND/ODE R UNGE SCHÜTZTE VORMEN VAN ARBEID
BESCHÄFTIGUNGSVERHÄLTNISSE PT: EMPREGO OCASIONAL E/OU PRECÁRIO
EL: ΜΗ ΚΑΝΟΝΙΚΗ Ή/ΚΑΙ ΕΠΙΣΦΑΛΗΣ Fl: EPÄSÄÄNNÖLLINEN JA/TAI EPÄVARMA TYÖ
ΑΠΑΣΧΟΛΗΣΗ SV: OREGELBUNDET OCH OTRYGGT ARBETE
ΕΝ: IRREGULAR AND/OR PRECARIOUS
EMPLOYMENT

Employment which is casual and generally not the subject of a proper con-
tract or governed by any pay or social protection regulations.

38
 JOB SEGREGATION/EMPLOYMENT SEGREGATION
ES: E
S GR
E GACIÓN E N EL EMPLEO FR: E
S GR
E GATION PROFE SSIONNE LLE /
DA: KØNSB
E ST
E MT ARBE JDSOPDE LING SEGREGATION DE S EMPLOIS
DE: AUFT
E ILUNG DE R BE RUFSFE LDE R IT: E
S GR
E GAZION
E OCCUPAZIONALE
EL: ΕΠΑΓΓΕΛΜΑΤΙΚΟΣ ΔΙΑΧΩΡΙΣΜΟΣ NL: E
S KS
E E
S GR
E GATI
E VAN DE ARBE IDSMARKT
EN: JOB SE GRE GATION/E MPLOYME NT PT: E
S GR
E GAÇÃO NO E MPRE GO/TRABALHO
SEGREGATION Fl: TYÖMARKKINOID
E N E RIYTYMINE N
SV: E
S GR
E E
G RING PÅ ARBE TSMARKNADE N

The concentration of women and men in different types and levels of activ­
ity and employment, with women being confined t o a narrower range of
occupations (horizontal segregation) than men, and t o the lower grades of
work (vertical segregation).

JOB SHARING ^^M

ES: TRABAJO COMPARTIDO IT: CONDIVISANE DE L LAVORO
DA: JOBDE LING NL: DUOBAAN
DE: „JOB­SHARING" PT: PARTILHA DO TRABALHO
EL: ΕΠΙΜΕΡΙΣΜΟΣ ΤΗΣ ΘΕΣΗΣ ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑΣ Fl: TYÖN JAKAMINE N
ΕΝ: JOB SHARING SV: ARBETSDELNING
FR: E MPLOI PARTAGÉ

Where a single job, and its remuneration and conditions, is shared by t w o

(typically) or more people working to an agreed pattern or roster.

3'I
 K MAINSTREAMING
ES: «MAINSTREAMING» INTE GRACIÓN DE LA FR: MA/WSTREA/W/WG/INTÉGRATION
PERSPECTIVA DE GÉNERO E N EL CONJUNTO DE LA DIME NSION DE GENRE
DE LAS POLÍTICAS / TRANSVE RSALIDAD IT: MAINSTREAMING
DA: MAINSTREAMING (integrazione della dimensione di genere)
DE: „MAINSTREAMING'VEINBEZIEHUNG DE R NL: MAINSTREAMING
DIMENSION DE R CHANCE NGLE ICHHE IT PT: /W.4//V5TOEA/W//VG/INTEGRAÇÃO
IN SÄMTLICHE BE RE ICHE DE R POLITIK/ DA IGUALDADE DE OPORTUNIDADE S
QUERSCHNITTSAUFGABE FRAUE N­ UND EM TODAS AS POLITICAS
GLEICHSTELLUNGSPOLITIK Fl: "MAINSTREAMING'VLÄPÄISYPERIAATE/
EL: «MAINSTREAMING» ΕΝΤΑΞΗ ΤΗΣ ΔΙΑΣΤΑΣΗΣ VALTAVIRTAISTAMINEN
ΤΟΥ ΦΥΛΟΥ/ΤΗΣ ΙΣΟΤΗΤΑΣ ΤΩΝ ΦΥΛΩΝ SV: "MAINSTREAMING"
EN: MAINSTREAMING

See 'Gender mainstreaming'.

j ^ H MATERNITY LEAVE
ES: E
P RMISO POR MATE RNIDAD IT: CONG
E DO DI MATE RNITÀ
DA: BARS
E LSORLOV NL: ZWANG
E RSCHAPS­ E N BE VALLINGSVE RLOF
DE: MUTT
E RSCHAFTSURLAUB PT: LIC
E NÇA DE MATE RNIDADE
EL: ΑΔΕΙΑ ΜΗΤΡΟΤΗΤΑΣ FI: ÄITIYSLOMA
EN: MAT
E RNITY LE AVE SV: MAMMAL
E DIGH
E T
FR: CONGÉ DE MATE RNITÉ

Leave to which a woman is entitled for a continuous period allocated

before and/or after giving birth in accordance with national legislation and
practice (Council Directive 92/85/E E C of 19 October 1992, OJ L 348,
28.11.1992).

40
 M
MENTORING
ES: TUTORÍA/MENTORÍA IT: TUTORAGGIO
DA: MENTORORDNING NL: MENTORSCHAP
DE: „MENTORING" PT: TUTORIA
EL: ΚΑΘΟΔΗΓΗΣΗ Fl: MENTOROINTI
EN: MENTORING SV: MENTORSKAP
FR: TUTORAT

A sheltered relationship that allows learning and experimentation to take

place and personal potential and new skills to flourish through a process in
which one person, the mentor, supports the career and development of
another, the mentee, outside the normal superior/subordinate relationship.
Mentoring is increasingly used t o support the personal/professional devel­
opment of w o m e n .

MINIMUM WAGE ^ ^ 1
ES: SALARIO MÌNIMO IT: SALARIO MINIMO
DA: MINIMUMSLØN NL: MINIMUMLOON
DE: MIND
E STLOHN PT: SALÀRIO MÌNIMO
EL: ΕΛΑΧΙΣΤΟΣ ΜΙΣΘΟΣ Fl: VÄHIMMÄISPALKKA
EN: MINIMUM WAGE SV: MINIMILÖN
FR: SALAIR
E MINIMAL

A wage level defined in law or by agreement which is the lowest possible

rate which an employer is pe rm itted to pay.

41
o
OCCUPATIONAL SE GRE GATION
ES: E
S GR
E GACIÓN E N EL TRABAJO IT: E
S GR
E GAZION
E OCCUPAZIONALE
DA: BE SKÆFTIGE LSE SMÆSSIG KONSOPDE LING NL: E
S KS
E E
S GR
E GATI
E VAN DE ARBEIDSMARKT
DE: TRE NNUNG IN DER BERUFSWELT PT: E
S GR
E GAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL
EL: ΕΠΑΓΓΕΛΜΑΤΙΚΟΣ ΔΙΑΧΩΡΙΣΜΟΣ Fl: AMMATILLIN
E N E RIYTYMINE N
EN: OCCUPATIONAL SE GRE GATION SV: YRK
E SMÄSSIG SE GRE GE RING
FR: E
S GR
E GATION PROFE SSIONNE LLE

See 'Job segregation'.

42
 PAID WORK
ES: TRABAJO RE MUNE RADO IT: LAVORO RE TRIBUITO
DA: LØNNET ARBE JDE NL: BETAALDE ARBE ID
DE: BEZAHLTE ARBE IT PT: TRABALHO RE MUNE RADO
EL: ΑΜΕΙΒΟΜΕΝΗ ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑ Fl: PALKKATYÖ
EN: PAID WORK SV: AVLÖNAT ARBE TE
FR: TRAVAIL RE MUNE RÉ

Work which is remunerated in cash or in kind.

PARENTAL LEAVE ^^U

ES: E
P RMISO PARE NTAL IT: CONGEDO PARE NTALE
DA: FORÆLDR
E ORLOV NL: OUDERSCHAPSVERLOF
DE: E LT
E RNURLAUB PT: LICENÇA PARE NTAL
EL: ΓΟΝΙΚΗ ΑΔΕΙΑ Fl: VANHEMPAINLOMA
EN: PAR
E NTAL LE AVE SV: FÖRÄLDRALEDIGHET
FR: CONGÉ PARE NTAL

The individual right, in principle on a non­transferable basis, t o leave for all

male and female workers following the birth or adoption of a child, to
enable them t o take care of that child (Council Directive 96/34/E C of 3 June
1996, OJ L 145, 19.6.1996).

PARITY DEMOCRACY
ES: D
E MOCRACIA PARITARIA IT: E
D MOCRAZIA FONDATA SULLA PARITA
DA: PARIT
E TSD
E MOKRATI NL: PARITAIR
E DE MOCRATIE
DE: PARITÄTISCH
E DE MOKRATIE PT: E
D MOCRACIA PARITÁRIA
EL: ΔΗΜΟΚΡΑΤΙΑ ΤΗΣ ΠΛΗΡΟΥΣ ΙΣΟΤΗΤΑΣ Fl: TASA­ARVOIS
E N OSALLISTUMISE N
ΕΝ: PARITY DE MOCRACY TOTEUTTAVA DE MOKRATIA
FR: D
E MOCRATI
E PARITAIRE SV: JÄMSTÄLLD DE MOKRATI

The concept of society as equally composed of women and men and that
their full and equal enjoyment of citizenship is contingent upon their equal
representation in political decision­making positions. Similar or equivalent
participation rates for women and men, within a 40 to 60 range of repre­
sentation, in the full democratic process is a principle of democracy.

4.3
Ρ
ES: TASAS DE PARTICIPACIÓN IT: TASSI DI PARTE CIPAZIONE
DA: DELTAGELSESFREKVENS NL: PARTICIPATI
E GRAAD
DE: BETEILIGUNGSQUOTEN PT: TAXAS DE PARTICIPAÇÃO
EL: ΠΟΣΟΣΤΑ ΣΥΜΜΕΤΟΧΗΣ Fl: OSALLISTUMISAST
E
EN: PARTICIPATION RATE S SV: E
D LTAGARFR
E KV
E NS
FR: TAUX DE PARTICIPATION

The rate of participation by a defined group — for example women, men,

lone parents, etc. — as a percentage of overall participation, usually in
employment.

^ H EPART­TIM EMPLOYMENT
ES: TRABAJO A TIEMPO PARCIAL IT: LAVORO A TE MPO PARZIALE
DA: D
E LTIDSARB
E JD
E NL: DEELTIJDARBEID
DE: E
T ILZ
E ITARB
E IT/T
E ILZ
E ITB
E SCHÄFTIGUNG PT: EMPREGO/TRABALHO ATE MPO PARCIAL
EL: ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑ ΜΕΡΙΚΗΣ ΑΠΑΣΧΟΛΗΣΗΣ Fl: OSA­AIKATYÖ
EN: PART­TIM
E E MPLOYME NT SV: DELTIDSARBETE
FR: TRAVAIL À TE MPS PARTIE L

Employment with working hours w h ¡eh are shorter than the normal or stan­
dard full­time hours.

ES:
B
E
P RMISO POR PATE RNIDAD
PATERNAL LE
IT: CONG
E DO DI PATE RNITÀ
DA: FÆDR
E ORLOV NL: VAD
E RSCHAPSV
E RLOF
DE: VAT
E RSCHAFTSURLAUB PT: LIC
E NÇA DE PATE RNIDADE
EL: ΑΔΕΙΑ ΠΑΤΡΟΤΗΤΑΣ Fl: ISYYSLOMA
EN: PAT
E RNAL LE AVE SV: PAPPAL
E DIGH
E T
FR: CONGÉ DE PATE RNITÉ

Usually a fixed amount of leave for the father of a child which may be taken
at the time of birth, or fixed amounts of time in any year or period of years
which may be taken for reasons concerning the care responsibilities of a
father for his child.

44
 POSITIVE ACTION
ES: ACCIÓN POSITIVA IT: AZION
E POSITIVA
DA: POSITIV
E FORANSTALTNINGE R NL: POSITI
E EV ACTIE
DE: POSITIV
E AKTIONE N/MASSNAHME N PT: ACÇÃO POSITIVA
EL: ΘΕΤΙΚΗ ΔΡΑΣΗ Fl: TASA­ARVON E DISTÄMINE N /
EN: POSITIV
E ACTION POSITIIVISET E RITYISTOIME T
FR: ACTION POSITIVE SV: AKTIVA ÅTGÄRDE R

Measures targeted at a particular group and intended to eliminate and

prevent discrimination or to offset disadvantages arising from existing
attitudes, behaviours and structures (sometimes referred to as positive
discrimination).

POSITIVE DISCRIMINATION ^^U

ES: DISCRIMINACIÓN POSITIVA IT: DISCRIMINAZIONE POSITIVA
DA: POSITIV DISKRIMINE RING NL: POSITIEVE DISCRIMINATIE
DE: POSITIVE DISKRIMINIE RUNG PT: DISCRIMINAÇÃO POSITIVA
EL: ΘΕΤΙΚΗ ΔΙΑΚΡΙΣΗ Fl: POSITIIVINEN E RITYISKOHTE LU
EN: POSITIVE DISCRIMINATION SV: AKTIVA ÅTGÄRDE R
FR: DISCRIMINATION POSITIVE

See 'Positive action'.

PREFERENTIAL TREATMENT
ES: TRATO PRE FE RE NTE IT: TRATTAM
E NTO PRE FE RE NZIALE
DA: FORTRINSB
E HANDLING NL: VOORK
E URSB
E HAND
E LING
DE: B
E VORZUGT
E BE HANDLUNG PT: TRATAM
E NTO PRE FE RE NCIAL
EL: ΠΡΟΤΙΜΗΣΙΑΚΗ ΜΕΤΑΧΕΙΡΙΣΗ Fl: E RITYISKOHT
E LU
ΕΝ: PR
E E
F R
E NTIAL TRE ATME NT SV: POSITIV SÄRBE HANDLING
FR: TRAIT
E M
E NT PRÉFÉRE NTIE L

The treatment of one individual or group of individuals in a manner which

is likely to lead to better benefits, access, rights, opportunities or status than
those of another individual or group of individuals. May be used positively
when it implies a positive action intended to eliminate previous discrimina­
tory practice or negatively where it is intended to maintain differentials or
advantages of one individual/group of individuals over another.

45
α [tUMi
ES: CUOTA IT: QUOTA
DA: KVOTE NL: QUOTA
DE: QUOT
E PT: QUOTA
EL: ΠΟΣΟΣΤΩΣΕΙΣ Fl: KIINTIÖ
EN: QUOTA SV: KVOTERING
FR: QUOTA

A defined proportion or share of places, seats or resources t o be filled by or

allocated to a specific group, generally under certain rules or criteria, and
aimed at correcting a previous imbalance, usually in decision­making posi­
tions or in access to training opportunities or jobs.

4Β
 R
RECOGNITION AND VALUATION OF UNPAID WORK
ES: E
R CONOCIMI
E NTO Y VALORACIÓN DE L IT: IDENTIFICAZIONE E VALUTAZIONE
TRABAJO NO RE MUNE RADO DEL LAVORO NON RE TRIBUITO
DA: ANE RKE NDE LSE OG VÆRDIANSÆTTELSE AF NL: ERKENNING E N WAARDE RING
ULØNNET ARBE JDE VAN ONBE TAALDE ARBE ID
DE: ANE RKE NNUNG UND WERTSCHÄTZUNG PT: RECONHECIMENTO E VALORIZAÇÃO
UNBEZAHLTER ARBE IT DO TRABALHO NÃO RE MUNE RADO
EL: ΑΝΑΓΝΩΡΙΣΗ KAI ΑΠΟΤΙΜΗΣΗ ΤΗΣ Fl: PALKATTOMAN TYÖN TUNNUSTAMINE N
ΜΗ ΑΜΕΙΒΟΜΕΝΗΣ ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑΣ JA ARVOTTAMINE N
ΕΝ: R
E COGNITION AND VALUATION OF SV: ERKÄNNANDE OCH VÄRDE RING
UNPAID WORK AV OAVLÖNAT ARBE TE
FR: R
E CONNAISSANC
E DU TRAVAIL
NON RÉMUNÉRÉ

Measurement, in quantitative terms, including by assessing and reflecting

its value in satellite accounts, of unremunerated work that is outside the
scope of national accounts (UN system of national accounts) such as domes­
tic work, caring for children and other dependants, preparing f o o d for the
family, and community and other voluntary work.

RECONCILIATION OF WORK AND FAMILY/HOUSEHOLD LIFE

ES: CONCILIACIÓN DE L TRABAJO Y LA IT: CONCILIAZIONE DI VITA PROFE SSIONALE E
VIDA FAMILIAR VITA FAMILIARE
DA: B
E DR
E FORE NING AF ARBEJDE OG FAMILIE LIV NL: COMBINATIE VAN BE ROE P E N GEZIN
DE: V
E R
E INBARK
E IT VON BE RUF UND FAMILIE PT: CONCILIAÇÃO DA VIDA PROFISSIONAL
EL: ΣΥΝΔΥΑΣΜΟΣ ΕΠΑΓΓΕΛΜΑΤΙΚΟΥ KAI E FAMILIAR
ΟΙΚΟΓΕΝΕΙΑΚΟΥ ΒΙΟΥ Fl: TYÖN JA PE RHE ­E LÄMÄN
EN: R
E CONCILIATION OF WORK AND YHTEENSOVITTAMINEN
FAMILY/HOUSEHOLD LIFE SV: FÖRENA ARBE TE OCH FAMILJE ANSVAR
FR: CONCILIATION DU TRAVAIL E T DE LA VIE
FAMILIALE

The introduction of family and parental leave schemes, care arrangements

for children and the elderly, and the development of a working environ­
ment structure and organisation which facilitates the combination of work
and family/household responsibilities for women and men.

47
R
ES: CENTRO DE ACOGIDA IT: CENTRO D'ACCOGLIENZA
DA: KRISECENTER NL: BLIJF­VAN­MIJN­LIJFHUIS
DE: FRAUENHAUS PT: E
R FÚGIO
EL: ΚΕΝΤΡΟ ΚΑΚΟΠΟΙΗΜΕΝΩΝ ΓΥΝΑΙΚΩΝ Fl: TURVAKOTI
EN: REFUGE SV: MOTTAGNINGSC
E NTRUM
FR: CENTRE D'ACCUEIL

A safe place for women and children who are victims of violence in the
home (shelter, crisis centre).

^^HHMMH:WcillU.M
ES: E
R GULACIÓN DE L TRABAJO IT: REGOLAMENTAZIONE DE L LAVORO
A TIE MPO PARCIAL PART­TIME
DA: R
E GUL
E RING AF DE LTIDSARBE JDE NL: REGELGEVING ROND DE E LTIJDARBE ID
DE: E
R GULI
E RUNG DE R TEILZEITARBEIT PT: REGULAMENTAÇÃO DO TRABALHO
EL: ΡΥΘΜΙΣΗ ΤΗΣ ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑΣ ΜΕΡΙΚΗΣ ATEMPO PARCIAL
ΑΠΑΣΧΟΛΗΣΗΣ Fl: OSA­AIKATYÖN SÄÄNTE LY
ΕΝ: E
R GULATION OF PART­TIME WORK SV: REGLERING AV DE LTIDSARBE TE
FR: RÉGL
E M
E NTATION DU TRAVAIL À TE MPS
PARTIEL

The introduction of rules which govern the scope and use of part­time
work, aimed at preventing any form of discrimination against part­time
workers, improving the quality of part­time work and facilitating the devel­
opment of part­time work as a ch oice.

4 i!
 R
REPRODUCTIVE HE ALTH
ES: SALUD E N MATE RIA DE PROCRE ACION/SALUD FR: SANTE E N MATIERE DE PROCRE ATION
REPRODUCTIVA IT: SALUTE RIPRODUTTIVA
DA: RE PRODUKTIV SUNDHE D NL: REPRODUCTIEVE GE ZONDHE ID
DE: R
E PRODUKTIONSG
E SUNDH
E IT PT: SAÚDE RE PRODUTIVA
EL: ΥΓΕΙΑ ΟΣΟΝ ΑΦΟΡΑ ΤΗΝ Fl: LISÄÄNTYMISTERVEYS
ΑΝΑΠΑΡΑΓΩΓΙΚΗ ΛΕΙΤΟΥΡΓΙΑ SV: REPRODUKTIV HÄLSA
EN: R
E PRODUCTIV
E HE ALTH

A state of complete physical, mental and social well­being, and not merely
the absence of disease or infirmity, in all matters relating t o the reproduc­
tive system and t o its functions and processes.

REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS
ES: E
D E
R CHOS E N MATERIA DE PROCRE ACIÓN/ FR: DROITS E N MATIERE DE PROCRE ATION
DERECHOS REPRODUCTIVOS IT: DIRITTI IN MATE RIA DI PROCRE AZIONE
DA: RE PRODUKTIVE RE TTIGHE DE R NL: REPRODUCTIEVE RE CHTE N
DE: R
E PRODUKTIONSR
E CHT
E PT: DIREITOS RE PRODUTIVOS
EL: ΔΙΚΑΙΩΜΑΤΑ ΣΧΕΤΙΚΑ Μ Ε ΤΗΝ Fl: LISÄÄNTYMISOIKEUDET
ΑΝΑΠΑΡΑΓΩΓΙΚΗ ΛΕΙΤΟΥΡΓΙΑ SV: REPRODUCTIVA RÄTTIGHE TE R
EN: R
E PRODUCTIV
E RIGHTS

The right of any individual or couple t o decide freely and responsibly on the
number, spacing and timing of their children and to have the information
and means to do so, and the right to attain the highest standard of sexual
and reproductive health.

49
 SATELLITE ACCOUNT
ES: CUENTA COMPLE ME NTARIA IT: CONTO COMPLE ME NTARE
DA: SATELLITREGNSKAB NL: SAT
E LLI
E TR
E E
K NING
DE: SATELLITENKONTO PT: CONTA SATÉLITE
EL: ΣΥΜΠΛΗΡΩΜΑΤΙΚΟΣ ΛΟΓΑΡΙΑΣΜΟΣ Fl: SAT
E LLIITTITILINPITO
EN: SATELLITE ACCOUNT SV: SAT
E LLITRÄK
E NSKAP
E R
FR: COMPTE SATE LLITE

An official account that is separate from but consistent w i t h core national

accounts.

| E
ES GR GATION OF THE LABOUR MARKE T
ES: SEGREGACIÓN DE L MERCADO LABORAL IT: SEGREGAZIONE DE L ME RCATO DE L LAVORO
DA: KONSOPDELING AF ARBE JDSMARKE DE T NL: SEGREGATIE VAN DE ARBE IDSMARKT
DE: TEILUNG DE S ARBE ITSMARKTE S PT: SEGREGAÇÃO DO ME RCADO DE TRABALHO
EL: ΔΙΑΧΩΡΙΣΜΟΣ ΤΗΣ ΑΓΟΡΑΣ ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑΣ Fl: TYÖMARKKINOIDEN E RIYTYMINE N
EN: SEGREGATION OF THE LABOUR MARKE T SV: ARBETSMARKNADSSEGREGATION
FR: SÉGRÉGATION DU MARCHÉ DU TRAVAIL

See 'Job segregation'.

ES: E
S XO (en sentido biológico) IT: SESSO
DA: KØN NL: SEKSE
DE: (biologisches) GE SCHLE CHT PT: SEXO
EL: ΦΥΛΟ (βιολογικό) Fl: SUKUPUOLI (biologinen)
ΕΝ: SEX SV: KÖN
FR: SEXE

The biological characteristics w h eh d stinguish human beings as female or

male.

50
 SEX DISAGGREGATED STATISTICS
ES: E STADÍSTICAS DE SAGRE GADAS POR SEXO IT: DATI STATISTICI DISAGGRE GATI PE R SESSO
DA: KØNSSP
E CIFIK STATISTIK NL: NAAR GE SLACHT UITGE SPLITSTE
DE: NACH GE SCHLE CHT AUFGE SCHLÜSSE LTE STATISTIEKEN
STATISTIKEN PT: ESTATÍSTICAS RE PARTIDAS POR SEXO
EL: ΣΤΑΤΙΣΤΙΚΕΣ ΚΑΤΑ ΦΥΛΟ FI: SUKUPUOLEN MUKAAN
ΕΝ: E
S X DISAGGRE GATE D STATISTICS ERIYTETYT TILASTOT
FR: STATISTIQU
E S VENTILÉES PAR SEXE SV: KÖNSUPPDELAD STATISTIK

The collection and separation of data and statistical information by sex t o

enable comparative analysis (sometimes referred to as gender disaggreg­
ated statistics).

SEX DISCRIMINATION — DIRE CT

ES: DISCRIMINACIÓN DIRE CTA IT: DISCRIMINAZIONE DIRE TTA
DA: KØNSDISKRIMINE RING —DIRE KTE NL: SEKSEDISCRIMINATIE, DIRE CTE —
DE: DISKRIMINI
E RUNG, UNMITTE LBARE (direkte) PT: DISCRIMINAÇÃO SE XUAL DIRE CTA
EL: ΑΜΕΣΗ ΔΙΑΚΡΙΣΗ ΛΟΓΩ ΦΥΛΟΥ Fl: SUKUPUOLINEN SYRJINTÄ — SUORA
ΕΝ: E
S X DISCRIMINATION — DIRE CT SV: KÖNSDISKRIMINERING — DIRE KT
FR: DISCRIMINATION SE XUE LLE DIRE CTE

Where a person is treated less favourably because of his or her sex.

SEX DISCRIMINATION — INDIRE CT

ES: DISCRIMINACIÓN INDIRE CTA IT: DISCRIMINAZION
E INDIRE TTA
DA: KØNSDISKRIMINE RING —INDIRE KTE NL: E
S KS
E DISCRIMINATI
E , INDIRE CTE —
DE: DISKRIMINI
E RUNG, MITTE LBARE (indirekte) PT: DISCRIMINAÇÃO SE XUAL INDIRE CTA
EL: ΕΜΜΕΣΗ ΔΙΑΚΡΙΣΗ ΛΟΓΩ ΦΥΛΟΥ Fl: SUKUPUOLIN
E N SYRJINTÄ — VÄLILLINE N
ΕΝ: E
S X DISCRIMINATION — INDIRE CT SV: KÖNSDISKRIMIN
E RING INDIRE KT
FR: DISCRIMINATION SE XUE LLE INDIRE CTE

Where a law, regulation, policy or practice, which is apparently neutral, has

a disproportionate adverse impact on the members of one sex, unless the
difference in treatment can be justified by objective factors (Council
Directive 76/207/E E C of 9 February 1976, OJ L 39, 14.2.1976).

51
 SEX/GENDER SYSTEM
ES: SYST
E MA DE GENEROS IT: SIST
E MA SE SSUATO/FONDATO SUL GENERE
DA: KØNSIDE NTITE TSSKABE NDE SYSTE M NL: E
G ND
E RSYST
EE M
DE: G
E SCHL
E CHT
E RORDNUNG PT: SIST
E MA SOCIAL DE GÈNERO
EL: ΣΥΣΤΗΜΑ ΔΗΜΙΟΥΡΓΙΑΣ ΤΟΥ ΦΥΛΟΥ FI: SUKUPUOLIJÄRJ
E EST LMÄ
ΕΝ: S
E X/G
E ND
E R SYSTE M SV: E
G NUSSYST
E M
FR: SYSTÈM
E SOCIAL DE GENRE

A system of economie, social and politicai structures which sustain and

reproduce distinctive gender roles and attributes of men and women (see
'Gender contract').

^^U SEX TRADE

ES: COM
E RCIO SE XUAL FR: COMMERCE DU SEXE
DA: ME NNE SKE HANDE L 1 SE KSUE LT ØJEMED IT: COMMERCIO DE L SESSO
DE: M
E NSCH
E NHAND
E L ZUM ZWE CKE NL: SEKSHANDEL
DER SEXUELLEN AUSBE UTUNG PT: COMÉRCIO DO SEXO
EL: ΣΩΜΑΤΕΜΠΟΡΙΑ Fl: SEKSIKAUPPA
EN: S
E XTRAD
E SV: KÖNSHANDEL

The trade in human beings, large ly in women and children, for the purpose
of sexual exploitation.

^ M SEXUAL HARASSMENT
ES: ACOSO SE XUAL IT: MOLESTIE SE SSUALI
DA: S
E KSU
E L CHIKANE NL SEKSUELE INTIMIDATIE
DE: S
E XU
E LL
E BE LÄSTIGUNG PT: ASSÈDIO SE XUAL
EL: ΣΕΞΟΥΑΛΙΚΗ ΠΑΡΕΝΟΧΛΗΣΗ Fl: SUKUPUOLINEN HÄIRINTÄ / SUKUPUOLINE N
ΕΝ: S
E XUAL HARASSME NT AHDISTELU
FR: HARCÈL
E M
E NT SE XUE L SV: SEXUELLA TRAKASSE RIE R

Unwanted conduct of a sexual nature or other conduct based on sex affect­

ing the dignity of women and men (incl j d i n g , at work, the conduct of su­
periors and colleagues) (Council Resoluti Dn 90/C 157/02 of 29 May 1990, OJ
C 157, 27.6.1990).

52
 SEXUAL ORIE NTATION
ES: INCLINACIÓN/ORI
E NTACIÓN SE XUAL IT: PROP
E NSIONI SE SSUALI
DA: S
E KSU
E L ORIE NTE RING NL: E
S KSU
E EL GE AARDHE ID
DE: S
E XU
E LL
E ORIE NTIE RUNG PT: ORI
E NTAÇÃO SE XUAL
EL: ΣΕΞΟΥΑΛΙΚΕΣ ΠΡΟΤΙΜΗΣΕΙΣ Fl: SUKUPUOLIN
E N SUUNTAUTUMINE N
EN: S
E XUAL ORIE NTATION SV: E
S XU
E LL LÄGGNING
FR: ORI
E NTATION SE XUE LLE

Sexual preference for a person of either the same or the opposite sex
(homosexuality, lesbianism, heterosexuality, bisexuality).

SEXUAL VIOLENCE IJ^H

ES: VIOLENCIA SE XUAL IT: VIOLENZA SE SSUALE
DA: SEKSUEL VOLD NL: SEKSUEEL GE WE LD
DE: SEXUELLE GE WALT PT: VIOLENCIA SE XUAL
EL: ΣΕΞΟΥΑΛΙΚΗ ΒΙΑ Fl: SUKUPUOUSTUNUT VÄKIVALTA
EN: SEXUAL VIOLE NCE SV: SEXUELLT VÅLD
FR: VIOLENCE SE XUE LLE

See 'Gender­based violence'.

53
 TIME-USE SURV EY
ES: E NCU
E STA SOBRE EL USO DE L TIEMPO IT: INCHI
E STA SULL'IMPIE GO DE L TEMPO
DA: TIDSANV
E ND
E LS
E SUND
E RSØG
E LS
E NL: TIJDSB
E ST
E DINGSOND
E RZO
E K
DE: E
Z ITNUTZUNGSKONZ
E PT PT: INQUÉRITO À UTILIZAÇÃO DO TE MPO
EL: ΜΕΛΕΤΗ ΤΗΣ ΔΙΑΘΕΣΗΣ ΤΟΥ ΧΡΟΝΟΥ FI: AJANKÄYTTÖTUTKIMUS
ΕΝ: TIME ­USE SURVE Y SV: TIDSANVÄNDNINGSSTUDI
E
FR: E NQUÊT
E SUR L'E MPLOI DU TEMPS

A measurement of the use of time by women and men, particularly in rela­

tion t o paid and unpaid work, market and non­market activities, and leisure
and personal time.

■ ■ 1 TRAFFICKING/TRADING IN HUMAN BEINGS/IN WOMEN AND CHILDREN

ES: TRATA DE SERES HUMANOS/DE MUJE RE S FR: TRAITE DE S ÊTRES HUMAINS/DE S FE MME S
Y NIÑOS ET DES ENFANTS
DA: ME NNE SKE HANDE L ME D KVINDE R OG BØRN IT: TRATTA DI ESSERI UMANI/DONNE E BAMBINI
DE: M
E NSCH
E NHAND
E L/ FRAUE N­ UND NL: MENSENHANDELA/ROUWEN­ E N
KINDERHANDEL KINDERHANDEL
EL: ΣΩΜΑΤΕΜΠΟΡΙΑ ΑΝΘΡΩΠΙΝΩΝ ΟΝΤΩΝ/ PT: TRÁFICO DE SERES HUMANOS/DE MULHE RE S
ΓΥΝΑΙΚΩΝ ΚΑΙ ΠΑΙΔΙΩΝ E CRIANÇAS
ΕΝ: TRAFFICKING/TRADING IN HUMAN BE INGS/IN Fl: IHMISKAUPPA / NAIS­ JA LAPSIKAUPPA
WOMEN AND CHILDRE N V: MÄNNISKOHANDEL/HANDEL ME D KVINNOR
OCH BARN

The trade in people, primarily in women and children, for the purposes of
modern slavery or cheap labour or for sexual exploitation (see 'Sex trade').

54
 υ
UNEMPLOYMENT
ES: DESEMPLEO IT: DISOCCUPAZION
E
DA: ARBEJDSLØSHED NL: W
E RKLOOSH
E ID
DE: ARBEITSLOSIGKEIT PT: E
DES MPR
E GO
EL: ΑΝΕΡΓΙΑ Fl: TYÖTTÖMYYS
EN: UNEMPLOYMENT SV: ARB
E TSLÖSH
E T
FR: CHÔMAGE

Measured against the total labour force, the number of persons who are
registered as being w i t h o u t work, seeking work and currently available for
work (E uropean Community labour force survey).

UNPAID/UNREMUNERATED WORK
ES: TRABAJO NO RE MUNE RADO IT: LAVORO NON RE TRIBUITO/
DA: ULØNNE T ARBE JDE NON RE MUNE RATO
DE: UNB
E ZAHLT
E /UN
E NTG
E LTLICH
E ARBE IT NL: ONB
E TAALD
E ARBE ID
EL: ΜΗ ΑΜΕΙΒΟΜΕΝΗ ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑ PT: TRABALHO NÃO RE MUNE RADO
ΕΝ: UNPAID/UNR
E MUN
E RAT
E D WORK Fl: PALKATON TYÖ
FR: TRAVAIL NON RÉMUNÉRÉ SV: OAVLÖNAT ARBE TE

Work which carries no direct remuneration or other form of payment (see

'Recognition and valuation of unpaid work').

55
ν
VERTICAL SEGREGATION
ES: E
S GR
E GACIÓN VE RTICAL FR: SEGREGATION VE RTICALE /HIE RARCHIQUE
DA: VE RTIKAL KONSOPDE LING IT: SEGREGAZIONE VE RTICALE
DE: V
E RTIKAL
E TRE NNUNG NL: VERTICALE SE GRE GATIE
EL: ΚΑΘΕΤΟΣ ΕΠΑΓΓΕΛΜΑΤΙΚΟΣ ΔΙΑΧΩΡΙΣΜΟΣ PT: SEGREGAÇÃO VE RTICAL
(ΚΑΤΑ ΒΑΘΜΟ/ΚΛΙΜΑΚΙΟ ΕΥΘΥΝΗΣ) Fl: VERTIKAALINEN E RIYTYMINE N
EN: V
E RTICAL SE GRE GATION SV: VERTIKAL SE GRE GE RING

The concentration of women and men in particular grades, levels of respon­

sibility or positions (see 'Job segregation').

VOCATIONAL TRAINING
ES: FORMACIÓN PROFE SIONAL IT: FORMAZION
E PROFE SSIONALE
DA: FAGLIG UDDANNE LSE NL: E
B RO
E PSOPL
E IDING
DE: E
B RUFS(AUS)BILDUNG PT: FORMAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL
EL: ΕΠΑΓΓΕΛΜΑΤΙΚΗ ΚΑΤΑΡΤΙΣΗ Fl: AMMATTIKOULUTUS
ΕΝ: VOCATIONAL TRAINING SV: YRK
E SUTBILDNING
FR: FORMATION PROFE SSIONNE LLE

Any form of education which prepares for a qualification for a particular

profession, trade or employment or which provides the necessary skills for
such a profession, trade or employment (Court of Justice of the E uropean
Communities, Case 293/83 Gravier [1985] E CR 593).

56
 W
WIFE BATTERING/BEATING
ES: MALTRATO DE MUJE RE S IT: VIOLENZE CONIUGALI NEI CONFRONTI
DA: HUSTRUMISHANDLING/HUSTRUVOLD DELLA MOGLIE
DE: MISSHANDLUNG VON FRAUE N/ NL: VROUWENMISHANDELING
KÖRPERLICHE GE WALT GEGEN FRAUE N PT: VIOLENCIA CONTRA AS MULHERES
EL: ΞΥΛΟΔΑΡΜΌΣ/ΚΑΚΟΠΟΊΗΣΗ ΣΥΖΎΓΟΥ NA FAMILIA
EN: WIFE BATTERING/BEATING Fl: NAISIIN KOHDISTUVA VÄKIVALTA
FR: VIOLENCE CONJUGALE/FEMMES BATTUES SV: HUSTRUMISSHANDEL

Vio enee against women by their pa rtner ( see 'Domestic violence').

WOMEN'S STUDIES/GENDER STUDIES ^^M

ES: E STUDIOS SOBRE LA MUJE R FR: ÉTUDES FÉMINISTE S/FÉMININE S/ÉTUDE S
DA: KVINDE FORSKNING/STUDIE R 1 KØNSROLLE ­ DE GENRE
SPØRGSMÅL IT: STUDI SULLA DONNA/STUDI DI GENERE
DE: FRAU
E NFORSCHUNG NL: VROUWENSTUDIES/GENDERSTUDIES
EL: ΓΥΝΑΙΚΕΙΕΣ ΣΠΟΥΔΕΣ/ΣΠΟΥΔΕΣ ΦΥΛΟΥ PT: ESTUDOS SOBRE AS MULHERES/DO GÉNE RO
ΕΝ: WOME N'S STUDIE S/GE NDE R STUDIE S Fl: NAISTUTKIMUS
SV: KVINNOFORSKNING/GENUSFORSKNING

An academic, usually interdisciplinary approach to the analysis of women's

situation and gender relations as well as the gender dimension of all other
disciplines.

57
European Commission

One hundred words for equality — A glossary of terms on equality between women
and men

Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities

1998 — 57 p p . — 1 4 . 8 x 2 1 cm

ISBN 92-828-2627-9
 Venta · Salg ♦ V erkauf · Πωλήσεις · Sales · Vente · Vendita · Verkoop · Venda · Myynti · Försäljning
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