Live animal transport 2

1. TRANSPORT-LECTURE-05-12-12

1.1 Livestock

1.2 The Production cycle

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1.3 Introduction

1.4 Research update

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1.5 Research approaches

Notes:

I think this is what we discussed when I visited you last

1.6 World animal production

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1.7 Examples of what we can do

1.8 There are many forms and types of animal transport

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1.9 Animal transportation

1.10 Animal Transport Studies

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1.11 Range of animal body temperatures

1.12 Poultry (meat) production - 2009

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1.13 Broiler transport

US truck (Slide Layer)

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UK Truck (Slide Layer)

Canadian truck (Slide Layer)

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1.14 The bird modules....

1.15 However....

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1.16 Untitled Slide

1.17 Case study: Trucks used

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1.18 Module Identification System

1.19 These temperature loggers were placed in each module

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1.20 Like this

1.21 Summer Distribution of DOA

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1.22 Heat Stress High Risk Zones

1.23 So what about the movement of air?

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1.24 We used small scale models to find out

1.25 And then looked on real vehicles

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1.26 Here is the difference in pressure

1.27 Untitled Slide

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1.28 Canadian Truck in -37ºC

Canadian truck (Slide Layer)

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steam coming off truck (Slide Layer)

1.29 We can see the proof of this here

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-60 minutes (Slide Layer)

1.30 Developed a vehicle to cope with heat and cold -massively reduced
mortality

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1.31 Transport of livestock in

1.32 Pigs transported from within Spain

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1.33 Changes in deep body

1.34 Summary

Notes:

Here is the summary of that study. The explanation for the lack of measurable heat
stress and a cooling down is the fact that the pigs were acclimatised to Spanish
conditions. This important phenomenon is never considered when we make regulations
to cover a range of geographical and climatic regions!!!!!! Point 3 above should be

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emphasised

1.35 What about un-adapted animals - Effects of the thermal micro-

environment on breeder pigs on 72 hour export journeys under summer
conditions

1.36 Experimental journeys

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Notes:

The journeys went from UK (Edinburgh) to southern Spain (Malaga) well actually
Humilladero!! By the routes shown here

1.37 Vehicle employed inn ALL studies

1.38 On arrival

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Notes:

Whilst unloading and on tailgate several measures including surface and deep body
temperature were made. Immediately the pigs were moved to the lairage where more
measurements were undertaken including a detailed behavioural study of 20 pigs in 2
pens for a period of 3 hours.

1.39 Untitled Slide

Notes:

These are the thermal conditions on the hottest journey of the 7 studied. Note that the
temperature was highest during transport in France and then later in the final stages
(about the last 22 hours) during the journey through central and southern Spain

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1.40 Untitled Slide

Notes:

So what happened to the pigs during this time. Well here are the deep body
temperatures for groups of pigs on the trucks on each of the 7 journeys. These are the
values during the last 22 hours i.e. the hottest parts of the journeys and consisting of
the segment between the control post lairage in Fougeres in France to the
slaughterhouse in Humilladero in Andalucia. Whilst there is some evidence of slight
increases in body temperature the actual change is relatively very small i.e. less than 1
degree C

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1.41 Mean body temperature – last 22 hours

Notes:

This table summarises these findings. There is no real difference in mean or maximum
body temperatures observed in the pigs across the whole 7 journeys regardless of how
hot the ambient conditions were

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1.42 Unloading and loading most stressful (in terms of temperature
change)

1.43 Behaviour

Notes:

So if there is no evidence of changes in body temperature then how did the pigs adapt
to the hotter conditions on some journeys - well they may have panted more and lost

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more water - if they did they may drink more after the journey. Also if they were heat
stressed in transit but managed to control their body temperatures by adaptive means
then they may be more fatigued or tired if they worked harder. If this is the case they
may rest more after the journeys. This slide shows that they drank a lot more after
journeys 3 and 4 where it was hotter than on the other trips. The pigs also rested more
on journeys 4 and 3 than on the other trips

1.44 SUMMARY and CONCLUSIONS

Notes:

This is really the take home message for all concerned

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1.45 Transport is stressful....

1.46 Educate the humans involved...

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1.47 Untitled Slide

2. Untitled Scene

2.1 Finished slide

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2.2 About this Learning Object

3. How To Use This Session

3.1 Instructions

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3.2 Instructions

Button (Slide Layer)

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3.3 Instructions

Notes:

Rollover: This will usually be a definition of an unusual word.

Rollover Text (Slide Layer)

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