Volvo Buses

Door brake function

Design and Function

Student Booklet
GT2500133en
Version 1
July 2014
Preface
The “Door brake function” training material includes information about electrical signals and
preconditions used to activate the brakes when the bus is at the bus station or when another
bus function (device) is active. This document applies to buses and coaches built by Volvo
and to buses and coaches built by an external body builder.
This information is for training purposes only.

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Table of contents
Purpose ......................................................................................................................... 4 
General description ....................................................................................................... 5 
Activation (chassis site) ................................................................................................. 6 
Functionality .................................................................................................................. 7 
Activation by bus body functions ................................................................................... 8 
Bus function description ................................................................................................ 9 
ACHIDB description .................................................................................................... 10 
Activation of Door brake for external body builder....................................................... 11 
The Door brake indicator in EU6 buses ...................................................................... 12 
Termination ................................................................................................................. 13 
Diagnostics ................................................................................................................. 14 
Verification of Door brake override switch ................................................................... 15 
Verification of additional Door brake button connection .............................................. 16 
Variant information ...................................................................................................... 17 
Chassis and body signals ........................................................................................... 18 
Hardwired signals for chassis part .............................................................................. 19 
Chassis CAN signals................................................................................................... 20 
Dbus............................................................................................................................ 21 
E-CAN ......................................................................................................................... 22 
Bus body Hardwired signals ........................................................................................ 23 
BBUS signals .............................................................................................................. 24 
Student notes .............................................................................................................. 25 

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Purpose

The Door brake function acts together with the automatic gear box and supports a number of
features.
One of these is to provide the driver with a way to keep the vehicle stationary while the
engine is still running and not have to use the foot brake or parking brake. The vehicle is to
be kept stationary on almost flat ground (inclinations < 5%).
An added advantage of this function is that it ensures safety. The driver will be not able to
drive off if the wheelchair ramp is extended, or if any door is open. The driver is informed
about the status of Door brake function on the dashboard.

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General description

The Door brake function is released by the EBS5 ECU. This function limits the engine speed,
activates the service brake and informs the driver about activation.
The driver will still see an indicator that the Door brake is being activated as long as there is a
request to activate the door brake. There is nothing to prevent using the Door brake at the
same time as other brakes.
BBM implements “OR“ functionality for D-bus (D_DoorBrReq) and E-CAN gateway signal
(D_DoorBrReqExt) to send the request.

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Activation (chassis site)

The Door brake function can be activated by one of the following events:

 Activation of pin XCB801F:33 (connected to X3:15 on EBS5). This pin is controlled by

the Body Builder and function specification is entirely up to the Body Builder. However,
it is often connected either to an Open Door switch or a switch controlled by the driver.

 VP68.DoorBrakeRequest is active.
The BBM sets this signal if:
Ignition is ON & [D_DoorBrReq OR D_DoorBrReq_Ext]

 BRKN-BR - If bus is kneeled, BBM sends Door brake request

Exception: If the Door brake function is activated via pin XCB801F:33 when the CAN
message VP68 is not available on CAN. The Door brake function can only be terminated by
pin XCB801F:33.

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Functionality

J1939:
BIC Low brake pressure switch J1939:
ETC2.Current gear

J1939: TECU
ECS TC1.Disengage driveline req.
J1939:
EBC5.Halt brake mode EBS5
ASC1.KneelingInformation
J1939:
TSC1.Engine torque limit
EMS
J1939:
EEC2.Accelerator pedal position*
EEC1. Engine Speed
J1939:
J1939:

VP2.Key position
PV2. Accelerator pedal low
idle*
J1939:
CCVS.Vehicle speed
BBM VP 68.Door brake request
CCVS.Parking brake sw itch
VECU
Parking brake status
Door brake request

US07 & US10

Door brake request
Door brake status

Door brake status

XCB801F:33
Neutral gear
Dbus:

Dbus:

Dbus:
BB4:6

Chassis
Dbus:

Bus Body
Door brake override switch

Diagram for Door brake activation (chassis site).

To activate the Door brake function several preconditions have to be fulfilled:

 Ignition and main switch is on (read from VECU)

 The vehicle speed must be below 6 km/h (read from VECU).
 Engine running for activation (read from EMS).
 Low brake pressure is not active (read from BIC).
 ABS is not active, and has not been active during last vehicle brake activation
 Slippery conditions have not been detected since last stop. There is no information
available on communication buses about this; this is only an internal EBS5 function.
 Door brake request has been inactive at least once since last Ignition On.
- Door brake request from bus body function will not be sent if service switch is used.
When Door brake request is sent, and above preconditions are fulfilled EBS goes into Halt
brake mode. When the brake is applied an Engine torque limit request (0 %) will be sent on
CAN to the engine (not valid for ACHIDB variant). Additionally EBS sends a disengage
driveline request to the gearbox. The cluster listens to the information about Halt brake mode
and displays the information on the dashboard to inform driver that the Door brake has been
activated.
If the Door brake has been activated by request via DBUS, BBM sends back a confirmation.

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Activation by bus body functions

A Additional switch for Door brake activation (connected to bus body, not present in coach
B Door brake override switch (only for bus body activation=

Bus body function can also request Door brake function. This is released by CAN signal in
DBUS (D_DoorBrakeReq). The bus body function collects all information about the status of
bus, and prepares the request which is sent to BBM. The Door brake can be activated if one
of following conditions is fulfilled:

 any door is open

 mechanical or electrical ramp is extended

 wheelchair lift is enabled

 additional switch at dashboard is activate (not present at coach)

 service rocket switch in electrical central is not active

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Bus function description

BBM

Door brake

Door brake
request
Dbus:

status

Dbus:
Chassis

Bus Body
MCM

BBUS: BBUS:
Door brake request signal Door brake status

Bus Body Door brake function

button at daschboard
door brake activation
Status of ignition key
Door open status for

Status of door brake

Status of ramp or lift

Status of additional
in electrical central

automatic function
override switch

Status of door
all doors

Diagram for Door brake request from bus body function.

BBM also listens for the Door brake request via DBUS CAN line, provided the bus is
equipped with
The Volvo multiplex system additional function is implemented to secure the safety and
comfort feature.
To provide the highest level of safety the Door brake is activated when any door is open or
any door automatic control is active. With this condition the driver is not able to drive off.
The Door brake will also be requested if the ramp or wheelchair lift is extended. If a
mechanical ramp is installed, there is a high risk that while driving on a bumpy road, the Door
brake may be activated even when the ramp is closed. To avoid this situation the Door brake
is activated only after 1.5s of delay.
The Door brake function can be used by the driver to activate brakes without holding his foot
on the brake pedal. To do this the driver must activate the switch on the dashboard.

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ACHIDB description

A Door Open D_ParkBrActive D_GbxNeuGear D_DoorBrReq

close Not active Not active Not active
close Not active Active Not active
close Active Not active Not active
close Active Active Not active
open Not active Not active Active
open Not active Active Active
open Active Not active Active

B D_KneelingInfo D_ParkBrActive D_GbxNeuGear D_DoorBrReq

Not keeled Not active Not active Not active
Not keeled Not active Active Not active
Not keeled Active Not active Not active
Not keeled Active Active Not active
Kneeled Not active Not active Active
Kneeled Not active Active Active
Kneeled Active Not active Active

Table A. Door brake activation based on door open signal.

Table B. Door brake activation based on door kneeling status.
The purpose of the AC High Idle Door brake or ACHIDB is to provide the driver with a way to
enable high idle while the engine is running whether the doors are open or closed. In areas
with a tropical climate it is very important to not reduce engine speed, because this will
decrease efficiency of the AC.
At this variant bus body software takes over the Door brake request when the bus is kneeled.
Door brake is activated according to the table above.

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Activation of Door brake for external body builder

J1939:
BBM VP68:DoorBrakeRequest EBS

Dbus: E_DoorBrReq_Ext

BIO

ECAN: E_DoorBrReq

Ext. Body
ECU Body
Builder

Additional input to BBM for Door brake request when E-CAN available.

For buses where DBUS is not available, the Door brake can be activated by E-CAN signal.
This additional CAN line is reserved for external body builder.

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The Door brake indicator in EU6 buses

A Door brake indicator, for EuroVI

B Door brake indicator, for EuroV

When the Door brake function is active the EBS goes into Halt Brake Mode. The BIC uses
this information to display an icon in the BIC to inform the driver about function status.
Example of Cluster view you can see at illustration above.
The BBM also uses it to send Door Brake Status via D_BUS, but only if the Door brake has
not been activated via hardware input XCB801F:33.

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Termination

1 4

The Door brake function is terminated when either of the following conditions is fulfilled:

 The ignition is turned off.

 Parking Brake is active (Door brake indicator on dashboard is still ON)

 Through the accelerator pedal.

 Through the brake pedal (DBRAKEBD, UK-specific solution).

When the function is deactivated by the accelerator pedal, the following sequence is
performed:
1. The accelerator pedal is in idle position.
2. Driveline engagement allowed.
3. A driving gear is selected (position Neutral is not selected).
4. The driver activates the accelerator pedal from idle to not idle position.
5. Engine torque limitation is deactivated
6. The brakes are released.
7. Door brake status inactive is sent on CAN.

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Diagnostics

The Door brake icon should be visible when the Door brake function is active.
If the Door brake request is not received correctly, the request is assumed as non-valid.
Once the Door brake is active it will remain so as long as non-valid inputs are received.
If the vehicle speed is not received correctly by EBS, the function cannot be activated.
In addition, the bus body function verifies the status of B_DoorBrakeReq signal. If this signal
is not valid error or void) for longer than 5 seconds, the body fault log will store an active
fault.

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Verification of Door brake override switch

The status of the Door brake switch can be checked in Master ID. To do this you need to:
1) Connect with Master ID
2) Go to “Operation View”
3) Select “Body functions”
4) Find “Door brake request” and click on it.
Now you are able to see the status of all hardware inputs and outputs which are located in
the Door brake function. Signal I_SwDoorBrake can be in one of three statuses:
- Equal to 1 (green), Door brake can be activated via bus body function.
- Equal to 0 (blue), Door brake is overridden, and can’t be activated via bus body
function.
- Equal to “error” (red), Door brake override switch is not connected.
As you can see there is only one hardware input for the Door brake override switch. As
mentioned in the previous chapter the bus body function also uses hardware input for the
additional button for the driver to activate the door brake.
This is because the hardware signal for Door brake activation button is located in a different
function, i.e. the “Switches interface” function.

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Verification of additional Door brake button connection

If the Door brake cannot be activated by the switch on the dashboard, the following proceed
as follows:
- Check if the Door brake override switch in electrical central is not activated.
- Check connection for additional button for Door brake function.
To check status of additional button to activate Door brake you need to:
1. Connect with Master ID
2. Go to “Operation View”
3. Select “Body functions”
4. Select “Switches interface”
5. Find “I_BuDoorBrake” function and click on it.
Signal I_BuDoorBrake can be in one of three statuses:
- Equal to 1 (green), Door brake button is active.
- Equal to 0 (blue), Door brake button is not active.
- Equal to “error” (red), Door brake button is incorrectly connected/shorted to ground.

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Variant information

DBRAKE WITH DOORBRAKE

Door brake function is available in following variants:

DBRAKE
UDBRAKE
DBRAKEBD – Door brake deactivated when brake pedal is active (UK SPEC)
DBRAKEA1 – Standard specification for Australia (external body builders only).
UDBRAKE2- without Door brake but with throttle deactivation; when the door is open no Door
brake request sent, only accelerator pedal disable activated. Not described in this
specification.
ACHIDB- AC High Idle Brake applicable for US07 and US10.

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Chassis and body signals
B-BUS XCB401B D-BUS
40

P
40

A16 A15 C5 C4 XCB801F

C:5 C:4 C:5 C:4 J1:2 J1:1 27 28 Body

CAN H
CAN L
A
Control unit, I/O−B,
Control unit, I/O−B,
BBM
Backbone1 A15 interface 1 E-BUS
Dashboard El. center MCM
F350 5A A41 left side
A58 A36
A:41 A36 A195 A16
A:16 A:20

XSBP400
XSBD405
XB323:11

A:17
S303 A79
8 9 1 Control unit, A:18
0 1 Switch, I−shift gateway
door brake
4 2 10 override 1
S409
Door brake XBG301:5
A17 C:5
XSBG407
activation button XSBP325
Control unit, VECU

XB325:16
(Vehicle ECU) C:4
B03 A21
Sensor, Control Unit, EBS
footbrake valve (Electronic Brake System)

A
F349

Backbone 1 (XA1)
0.75WH/BN

J1587 (XH1)
5
A4
Sign_1

X1
5A

0.75VT

6
6
Switch

X1
A

Gnd
0.75WH/BK

4
1

X1

GND
0.75BU

8
Sign_2

X1
A
EBS

Sply
0.75RD/GY
2

7
SRC
X1

5V
XCB801F

33
15

0.5VT
Door_Sw
Connector

X3
Body interface 1
U03

FRC:48
Modulator, EBS,
rear axle F48
5A

0.5RD/GN
GND

PWR
X2 12

+30
X1 16
GND

1.5WH/BK
+DR

SRC

FRC:28
PWR

+30
17

2.5RD
2.5RD
1.5RD/GY

SRC
+30

X2 4

X1
SRC

XS−2003_06
S

F28

PWR

+DR
13

2.5RD
20A

X1
SRC
SRC
0.75YE

5 X2
+24 H
SPL

Gnd
11

0.75BK
HZ_PD

X1

XC:6
0.75GN

X2 6

Gnd
L

0.75BK
12
GND

X1

XC:5
The "Door Brake" function is operated using different wire connections.
To transfer digital and analogue signals in a Volvo bus chassis with a body from an external
Body Builder, we use three data buses and an analogue signal termed "Door Brake
Request". D-BUS, BACKBONE1 and E-BUS are included in Multiplexed Version 3 (chassis).
E-BUS is prepared for connection with Body Builder ECUs. The connections can be seen in
the chassis wiring diagram.
To transfer digital signals in Volvo buses and coaches we use three data buses. D-BUS and
BACKBONE1 are included in Multiplexed Version 3 (chassis). B-BUS in included in BEA
body. The connections can be seen in the chassis wiring diagram and body wiring diagram.
The "Door Brake" function is only operated by the EBS modulator in driveline.

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Hardwired signals for chassis part

Door brake request

This is a signal from the body builder to EBS5 requesting the door brake. This signal can also
be sent on Dbus to BBM in case of a body multiplexed bus.
Brake pedal position
The brake pedal status when the function is configured to deactivate the Door brake by
pressing the brake pedal.

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Chassis CAN signals

Disengage driveline request

This message is sent to TECU to request Driveline Disengage.
Engine torque limit
When this message is sent to the EMS the Engine Torque shall be limited to a present value.
Engine speed
Engine speed is sent in this message.
Accelerator pedal position
In this message the accelerator pedal position is sent to inform about the idle/non-idle
conditions.
Current gear
In this message the current gear is sent.
Vehicle speed / Parking brake switch
In this message the vehicle speed and parking brake status is sent.
Key position
The key position (Ignition status) is sent in this message.
Low brake pressure switch
If any of the brake circuits is low on pressure, this signal will be set.
SAE J1587
The J1587 communication is only used for diagnostic fault codes.

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Dbus

D_ApLowIdle
BBM broadcasts the status of the J1939 message VP2_X_V – Accelerator pedal low idle
switch in this DBUS signal. When an E-CAN solution is implemented, this signal will be
received
by BIO and gatewayed to E-CAN.
D_DoorBrReq
This message can be sent by body multiplex to BBM, requesting the door brake. It is then
gatewayed by BBM to EBS5.
D_DoorBrOn
BBM broadcasts the status of the J1939 message EBC5 – Door Brake Status in this Dbus
signal.
When an E-CAN solution is implemented, this signal will be received by BIO and gatewayed
to E-CAN.
D_DoorBrReq_Ext
This signal is used when E-CAN is available to request the door brake. The signal is
gatewayed by BIO from E-CAN.
D_ParkBrActive
This signal is used when the bus is specified with ACHIDB variant. It affects the
D_DoorBrReq according to table from ACHIDB description.
D_GbxNeuGear
This signal is used when the bus is specified with ACHIDB variant. It affects the
D_DoorBrReq according to above.

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E-CAN

E_DoorBrReq
This message can be sent by external body ECU to BIO vie E-CAN line, requesting the door
brake. The signal is then gatewayed to BBM via Dbus (D_DoorBrReq_Ext) and also
gatewayed by BBM to EBS5.

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Bus body Hardwired signals

Door brake override

Switch in electrical centre to deactivate Door brake request from bus body.
Door brake activation
Button on dashboard to activate the Door brake even when doors are closed (example at
traffic light).

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BBUS signals

B_DBrakeByDXAuto
Door brake request signal from door X automatic control. This signal is active if the automatic
function for door X is active.
“X” can have value from 1 to 4.
B_DoorXRampOpen
Door brake request from ramp function. If the ramp is open at one of the doors, the Door
brake request is sent to MCM. If a mechanical ramp is installed, the ramp open signal is
active after 1.5 second of detecting that the ramp is open.
“X” can have any value from 1 to 4.
B_BuDoorBrake
Status of Door brake button located on dashboard. This button can activate the Door brake
function even if the doors are closed.

B_IgnitionKeyOn
Status of ignition key.

B_AnyDoorOpenWar
Status of doors. This signal is TRUE if doors are not closed. If the doors have no pressure, it
is highly likely that they can easily open. To avoid this situation the Door brake will be
activated even if the door position sensor does not generate door open information.
B_DoorBrakeReq
Door brake function request send by bus body. This signal is send via MCM to BBM to
activate the door brake.

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Student notes

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