ENGINEERS IN SOCIETY

LAW FOR ENGINEERS

(SAFETY AND HEALTH LAW)

DR. FATEHAH MOHD OMAR

6TH MARCH 2017
QUIZ
1. What is the name of the agency that
works to develop and enforce regulations
that implement safety and health laws?

A. Division of Safety and Health

B. Department of Safety and Health
C. National Council of Safety and Health
Malaysia
D. Safety and Health Organization
B
 2. What does OSHA stand for?

A. Occupational Safety and Health

Assurance
B. Organizational Safety and Health Act
C. Occupational Safety and Health Act
D. Occupational Safety and Health Agency
C
 3. What is the main purpose of the
Occupational Safety and Health Act?
A. To further provision for securing safety, health and
welfare of persons at work.
B. To protect others against risks to safety or health in
connections with the activities of persons at work.
C. To establish the National Council for Occupational Safety
and Health and for matters connected therewith.
D. To develop stringent regulations against employers and
A, B & C
employees in order to protect their safety, health and
welfare.
4. In which year was the Occupational
Safety and Health Act enforced?

A. 1954
B. 1964
C. 1984
D. 1994

D
5. How many PARTS are there in the
Arrangement of Sections in the OSHA
1994?
A. 11
B. 15
C. 18
D. 17

B
6. What is the top position in the
Department of Occupational Safety and
Health?
A. Secretary General
B. Director General
C. Minister
D. Prime Minister

B
7. If injured on a job, the first thing an
employee should do is…
A. Tell the supervisor.
B. Get first aid.
C. Fill out a form for Workers
Compensation.
A. Go to a hospital of doctor is neccesary.
B
8. Employers are responsible for providing
all of the following EXCEPT?

A. Safety training.
B. Personal protective equipment.
C. Meals during workday.
D. Clean safe working environment.

C
9. Employees are responsible for doing the
following EXCEPT:

A. Following safety rules and procedures.

B. Supervising co-workers.
C. Reporting hazardous conditions.
D. Operating equipment safely.
B
10. The following are types of hazards EXCEPT?

A. Chemical.
B. Physical.
C. Muscle strain or muscoleskeletal injury
hazards.
D. Psycho-social hazards.
None
WHAT’S YOUR SCORE?
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND
HEALTH ACT (Act 514)
General Content
ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS
PART I – PRELIMINARY
PART II – APPOINTMENT OF OFFICERS

PART III – NATIONAL COUNCIL FOR OCCUPATIONAL

SAFETY AND HELATH
PART IV – GENERAL DUTIES OF EMPLOYERS AND SELF-
EMPLOYED PERSONS
PART V – GENERAL DUTIES OF DESIGNERS,
MANUFACTURERS AND SUPPLIERS
ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS
PART VI – GENERAL DUTIES OF EMPLOYEES

PART VII – SAFETY AND HEALTH ORGANIZATIONS

PART VIII – NOTIFICATION OF ACCIDENTS,
DANGEROUS OCCURRENCE, OCCUPATIONAL
POISONING AND OCCUPATION DISEASES, AND
INQUITY
PART IX – PROHIBITION AGAINST USE OF PLANT OF
SUBSTANCE
ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS
PART X – INDUSTRY CODES OF PRACTICE
PART XI – ENFORCEMENT AND INVESTIGATION

PART XII – LIABILITY FOR OFFENCES

PART XIII – APPEALS

PART XIV – REGULATIONS
PART XV – MISCELLANEOUS
 PART III
NATIONAL COUNCIL OF
SAFETY AND HEALTH
• National Council for Occupational Safety and Health
(NSCOSH) is a supreme body.
• Under Ministry of Human Resouces.
• Resposible for determining the direction and policy of
the state related to occupational safety and health in
Malaysia.
• Established in 1995 (Section 8 : OSHA 1994)
• Objective of NCOSH: continuous effort by the
government to ensure the safety, health and welfare
of employees in the workplace is secure.
• Chairman: Deputy Minister of Human Resources
• Secretariat:
• Senior Occupational Safety and Health (from DOSH)
• Government (5 reps)
• Employers (3 people)
• Workers (3 people)
• Professional bodies and voluntary (4 people including
a woman)
• Observers (6 people)
 Deputy Minister of Human Resource

DOSH

Professional and
Government Employers Workers Observers
bodies
 OBJECTIVES OF OSHA 1994
• (a) to secure the safety, health and welfare of persons at work
against risks to safety or health arising out of the activities of
persons at work;

• (b) to protect persons at a place of work other than persons at

work against risks to safety or health arising out of the activities
of persons at work;
 OBJECTIVES OF OSHA 1994
• (c) to promote an occupational environment for persons at work
which is adapted to their physiological and psychological needs;

• (d) to provide the means whereby the associated occupational

safety and health legislations may be progressively replaced by a
system of regulations and approved industry codes of practices
operating in combination with the provisions of the Act designed to
maintain or improve the standards of safety and health.
WHERE TO APPLY OSHA 1994?
 WORK ACTIVITIES AT CONSTRUCTION SITES

Excavation Piling Concrete work

Demolition Brick work Welding

 Transportation of raw materials

Handling/transportation of
construction materials

Painting work
DRIVER BURIED BY 1000 TONNES OF ROCK

Heathstock Haulage Quarry on Limeworks Road. The scene of the digger accident. Monday June 8 2015,
nzherald.con.nz

• The man was operating a 65-tonne machine.

• An overhanging cliff face gave way about 10.40 AM
• An estimation of about 1000 tonnes of lime rock and debris came
down and “buried” the digger.
“Tertimbus Tanah” / “Runtuh” Structure
• Accidents during excavation work, shoring or
formwork.

• Cause of Factors:

- No shoring.

- No guidelines & safe working procedure

- Poor shoring design [shoring – temporary structures in

building construction]
ELECTRIC SHOCK
• Cause of Factors:-

• In contact with electric current through

damaged insulation.

• Use of damaged and modified electrical tools.

• No earthing on the equipment.

• No guarding for electrical tools.

DROWNING
• In confined space (tank, sewage)
- Lack of oxygen

• In the pond
- Inadvertently swallowing
water
DROWNING (CONFINED SPACE)
• Cause of factors:-

1. Poor ventilation.

2. No exhaust ventilation.

3. No guidelines and no safe working systems.

4. Existence of excessive amount of water.

5. Employees not trained and lack of knowledge.

KNOCKED DOWN BY TRANSPORT
• Caused of Factors:

1. No dedicated walkways for pedestrians or employees.

2. No guard / fence to separate employees and transport.

3. No rules and enforcement on speed limit.

4. No inspection on vehicles.

5. No maintenance on vehicles.

6. Drivers not trained and lack of knowledge.

 INHALATION OF CHEMICAL TOXICS
• In painting work, welding.
• Cause of Factors:
1. Failure to wear suitable respirator.
2. Inadequate ventilation.
3. No local exhaust ventilation.
4. Employees not trained.
IN TOUCH WITH ROTATING PART OF MACHINE
OR TRAPPED IN BETWEEN OBJECTS
• Cause of Factors:
1. Machine guarded.
2. Guards not functioning.
3. No training for employees.
4. Guard design unsuitable.
5. Location of guard not strategic.
 PART IV
GENERAL DUTIES OF EMPLOYERS
AND SELF-EMPLOYED PERSONS
Employer control:
1. Establish a health policy.
2. Employ safety and health officer (depends on cost
value of project) or site safety supervisor.
3. Have and enforce safety regulations at workplace.
4. Have / allow working permit for high risk activities.
5. Supervise on high risks activities.
PART IV – GENERAL DUTIES OF EMPLOYERS

To ensure the safety, health and welfare at work of all employees.

This is applied to:-
(a) The provision and maintenance of plant and systems of work
– safe and without risks to health.
(b) Any operation, handling, storage and transport, facilities of
plant and substances.
(c) Provision of information, instruction, training and supervision
that is necessary related to the employees work.
(d) Maintenance of a working condition that is safe and without
risks to health.