4.7__ SUMMARY In this unit, you have learnt the following: 1. An infinite series is an expression of the form Su. er Up tune. Une N Duy gives a sequence of partial sums {Sy } ‘The sum given by Sy 2. An infinite series is said to be convergent to the limit L if the sequence of partial sums converges to the limit L. Otherwise, it is said to be divergent. 3. A geomettic series is convergent if |r| <1 and divergent if |r| 21 4. The nth Term Test for Divergence: The s DLuy isdivergent if for the nth term uy, lim u,, is non zero or does: 4 ate not exist.5. Comparison Test for Convergence Let Sou, be a series such that U,> 0 forall n ast integer. If dyn nel (Suppose O ng, where ny is some posit converges, then uy converges. (ii) Suppose 0 < vy ng. If })v, diverges, then uy — diverges. nat ae! el + Theseries '— converges if p>1 and diverges if p-<1 6. Limit Comparison Test Suppose that u, > Oand v, >0 forall n >and that lim (iv) If 0 uy also converges. asl nel (vi) If L= and }’v, diverges, then )° u,, also diverges. ot = (vii) No conclusion can be reached otherwise. 311. Ratio Test Let }u, beaseries with u,, >and suppose im “8 =L, then (i) The series converges if L <1. (ii) The series diverges if L> 1. (iii) The series may converge or diverge if L 8. Taylor’s Theorem Let f have continuous derivatives up to, and including order n+1 on some interval containing the point x= a. Then, ifx isany other point in the interval, £(x)= a (x)+ Rael) where the Taylor polynomial is given by P(x) =fa)+(<=a}F(@)+ = Fa) 2 n! and the remainder term is given by 1 Raa ls (=a) £°(&) for a Ses}