Fluid Mechanics (CLB 11003)

Chapter 6: Equipment in Fluid Flow

TUTORIAL 6

1) Describe the differences between pipe in series and pipe in parallel. Draw the
suitable sketch.

2) What are the functions of valve?

3) What is the difference between stop valve and check valve?

4) Define pump and briefly describe centrifugal pump and reciprocating pump
operational principals.

5) What are the advantages of reciprocating pumps over centrifugal pumps?

6) List down the advantages of centrifugal pumps over reciprocating pumps.

7) Name five factors that influence the selection of pump.

8) Define net pressure suction head (NPSH) and net pressure suction head required?

9) Describe cavitation and state the effects of this phenomenon.

10) Define compressor and its functions?

11) State four basic principles of compressor designs.

12) Water at 10 °C flows from a reservoir to a smaller one through a 5 cm diameter

cast iron piping systems, as shown in Figure 1. Determine the elevation z1 for a
flow rate of 6 L/s. (ρ = 999.7 kg/m3, µ = 1.307 x 10-3 kg/m.s and pipe, ε cast iron =
0.00026 m).

Figure 1

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 Fluid Mechanics (CLB 11003)
Chapter 6: Equipment in Fluid Flow

13) A vented tanker is to be filled with fuel oil with ρ = 920 kg/m3 and µ = 0.045 kg/m⋅s
from an underground reservoir using a 20 m long, 5 cm diameter smooth plastic
hose with a slightly rounded entrance and two 90° smooth bends (flanged). The
elevation difference between the oil level in the reservoir and the top tanker where
the hose is discharged is 5 m. The capacity of the tanker is 18 m3 and the filling
time is 30 min. Taking the kinetic energy correction factor at hose discharge to be
α = 1.05 and assuming an overall pump efficiency of 82 percent, determine the
required power input to the pump. (KL for a slightly-rounded entrance = 0.12 and KL
for a 90° smooth bend = 0.3).

Figure 2

14) Spray heads in an agricultural spraying system are to be supplied with water
through 500 ft and 5 in of drawn aluminium tubing (ε = 5 x 10-6 ft) from an engine
driven pump. In its most efficient operating range, the pump output is 1500 gpm at
a discharge pressure not exceeding 65 psig. For satisfactory operation, the
sprinklers must operate at 30 psig. If the pump efficiency is 75%, calculate the
power that must be supplied to the pump. Minor losses and elevation changes may
be neglected. (ν = 1.21 x 10-5 ft2/s, ρ = 62.4 lbm/ft3)

L = 500 ft Q = 1500gpm

ηP = 0.75 1 d = 5 in 2

P2 ≥ 30 psig
P1≤ 65 psig
Figure 3

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