Chapter 24: Fiber Optics

TRUE/FALSE
1. An optical fiber is a waveguide for light.
ANS: T
2. Fiber has greater bandwidth than copper cable.
ANS: T
3. Optical fiber has greater loss per kilometer than copper cable.
ANS: F
4. Fiber is immune to crosstalk.
ANS: T
5. Optical fiber carries a very small amount of current.
ANS: F
6. Optical fiber is easy to "tap".
ANS: F
7. Optical fiber is easy to splice.
ANS: F
8. Optical fiber can be used safely in an atmosphere of explosive gas.
ANS: T
9. Optical fiber can be used to connect a radio transmitter to an antenna.
ANS: F
10. The core has a higher index of refraction than does the cladding.
ANS: T
11. Single-mode fiber causes less dispersion than does multimode fiber.
ANS: T
12. Single-mode fiber is always made from glass.
ANS: T
13. The core of a single mode fiber is on the order of 1000 m.
ANS: F
14. Single-mode fiber is free of all dispersion effects.
ANS: F
15. Dispersion can be expressed in units of time.
ANS: T
16. The terms "linewidth" and "bandwidth" are equivalent for fiber.
ANS: T
17. Dispersion increases with cable length.
ANS: T
18. Glass fiber-optic cables have a loss of about 3dB per km.
ANS: F
19. Plastic fiber-optic cables have a loss of several hundred dB per km.
ANS: T
20. The losses due to splicing can be greater than the losses due to the cable itself.
ANS: T
21. The purpose of the cladding is to add strength to the fiber-optic cable.
ANS: F
22. The terms "splice" and "connector" are equivalent for fiber.
ANS: F
23. A typical splice has a loss of 0.2 dB or less.
 ANS: T
24. Unlike copper cables, it is not possible to make an optical power splitter.
ANS: F
25. Like copper cables, it is possible to make an optical directional coupler.
ANS: T
26. It is possible to make an optical switch.
ANS: T
27. Energy can be expressed in electron-volts.
ANS: T
28. LEDs are commonly used to drive single-mode fiber cables in communications systems.
ANS: F
29. PIN diodes are used as receivers on single-mode fiber cables in communications systems.
ANS: T
30. A LASER diode can be turned on and off at a rate of 10 GHz.
ANS: T

MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Compared to the core, the index of refraction of the cladding must be:
a. the same c. less
b. greater d. doesn't have an index of refraction
ANS: C
2. Fiber-optic cables do not:
a. carry current c. generate EMI
b. cause crosstalk d. all of the above
ANS: D
3. Single-mode fiber is made from:
a. glass c. both a and b
b. plastic d. none of the above
ANS: A
4. Fiber-optic cable cannot be used:
a. in an explosive environment
b. to connect a transmitter to an antenna
c. to isolate a medical patient from a shock hazard
d. none of the above
ANS: B
5. A single-mode cable does not suffer from:
a. modal dispersion c. waveguide dispersion
b. chromatic dispersion d. all of the above
ANS: A
6. Scattering causes:
a. loss c. intersymbol interference
b. dispersion d. all of the above
ANS: A
7. The loss in single-mode fiber-optic cable due to the glass is about:
a. 40 dB per km c. 0.4 dB per km
b. 4 db per km d. zero loss
 ANS: C
8. The loss in single-mode fiber-optic cable due to a splice is about:
a. 0.02 dB c. 1 dB
b. 0.2 db d. 3 dB
ANS: A
9. The loss in single-mode fiber-optic cable due to a connector is about:
a. 0.02 dB c. 1 dB
b. 0.2 db d. 3 dB
ANS: B
10. Which of the following is a type of fiber connector:
a. ST c. SMA
b. SC d. all of the above
ANS: D
11. The quantum of light is called:
a. an erg c. a photon
b. an e-v d. a phonon
ANS: C
12. LASER stands for:
a. Light Amplification by Simulated Emission of Radiation
b. Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation
c. Light Amplification by Simulated Emitted Rays
d. Light Amplification by Stimulated Emitted Rays
ANS: B
13. APD stands for:
a. Avalanche Photodiode c. Avalanche Photo Detector
b. Advanced Photodiode d. Advanced Photo Detector
ANS: A
14. In a PIN diode, leakage current in the absence of light is called:
a. baseline current c. dark current
b. zero-point current d. E-H current
ANS: C
15. For a light detector, responsivity is measured in:
a. amps per watt c. mA per joule
b. W per amp d. sec per W
ANS: A

COMPLETION
1. In the core, the angle of incidence equals the angle of ____________________.
ANS: reflection
2. The core is surrounded by the ____________________.
ANS: cladding
3. The ____________________ angle is where refraction changes to reflection.
ANS: critical
4. An electron-volt is a measure of ____________________.
ANS: energy
5. The numerical aperture is the ____________________ of the angle of acceptance.
 ANS: sine
6. Optical fiber relies on total ____________________ reflection.
ANS: internal
7. Chromatic dispersion is also called ____________________ dispersion.
ANS: intramodal
8. With optical fiber, ____________________ light is more common than visible light.
ANS: infrared
9. In multimode fiber, ____________________ index has less dispersion than step index.
ANS: graded
10. For laser diodes, the term ____________________ is used instead of bandwidth.
ANS: linewidth
11. Dispersion can be expressed in units of ____________________ rather than bandwidth.
ANS: time
12. ____________________ interference is when one pulse merges with the next pulse.
ANS: Intersymbol
13. The optical fiber is free to move around in a ____________________ cable.
ANS: loose-tube
14. The optical fiber is not free to move around in a ____________________ cable.
ANS: tight-buffer
15. A ____________________ is a short length of fiber that carries the light away from the source.
ANS: pigtail
16. Good connections are more critical with ____________________-mode fiber.
ANS: single
17. A ____________________ diode is the usual light source for single-mode cable.
ANS: laser
18. The quantum of light is called the ____________________.
ANS: photon
19. A ____________________ diode is the usual light detector for single-mode cable.
ANS: PIN
20. For safety, you should never ____________________ at the end of an optical fiber unless you
know it is not connected to a light source.
ANS: look