17.1 Physics 6B Electric Field Examples Long

Physics 6B
Electric Field Examples
Prepared by Vince Zaccone

For Campus Learning
Assistance Services at UCSB
17.22 Two point charges are located on the x-axis
x as follows: charge q1 = +4 nC at
position x=0.2m and charge q2 = +5 nC at position x = -0.3m.
a) Find the magnitude and direction of the net electric field produced by q1 and
q2 at the origin.
b) Find the net electric force on a charge q3=-0.6nC placed at the origin.

For Campus Learning
q2 at the origin.
q2 q1
x
x=-0.3m x=0 x=0.2m

For Campus Learning
q2 at the origin.
The electric field near a single point charge is given by the formula:
kq This is only the magnitude. The direction is away from a

E=
R2 positive charge, and toward a negative one. q2 q1
x
x=-0.3m x=0 x=0.2m

For Campus Learning
q2 at the origin.
The electric field near a single point charge is given by the formula: E1 E2

E=
x
At the origin, q1 will produce an E-field x=-0.3m x=0 x=0.2m
field vector that points
left, and q2 gives an E-field vector to the right.

For Campus Learning
q2 at the origin.

E=
x
fields when
This is how we can put the +/- signs on the E-fields
we add them up.
Etotal = −E1 + E2

For Campus Learning
q2 at the origin.

E=
x
fields when
we add them up.
Etotal = −E1 + E2
Nm2 Nm2
(9 ⋅ 109 C2
)(4 ⋅ 10−9 C) (9 ⋅ 109 C2
)(5 ⋅ 10−9 C)
Etotal = − 2
+ 2
= −900 NC + 500 NC
(0.2m) (0.3m)

For Campus Learning
q2 at the origin.
The electric field near a single point charge is given by the formula: Etotal

E=
x
fields when
we add them up.
Etotal = −E1 + E2
Nm2 Nm2
(9 ⋅ 109 C2
)(4 ⋅ 10−9 C) (9 ⋅ 109 C2
)(5 ⋅ 10−9 C)
Etotal = − 2
+ 2
= −900 NC + 500 NC
(0.2m) (0.3m)
Etotal = −400 NC (This means 400 N/C in the negative x-direction)

direction)

For Campus Learning
q2 at the origin.

E=
R2 positive charge, and toward a negative one. q2 q3 q1
x
fields when
we add them up.
Etotal = −E1 + E2
Nm2 Nm2
(9 ⋅ 109 C2
)(4 ⋅ 10−9 C) (9 ⋅ 109 C2
)(5 ⋅ 10−9 C)
Etotal = − 2
+ 2
= −900 NC + 500 NC
(0.2m) (0.3m)

direction)
For part b) all we need to do is multiply the E-field

field from part a) times the new charge q3.

For Campus Learning
q2 at the origin.
Fon3
E= 2
R positive charge, and toward a negative one. q2 q3 q1
x
fields when
we add them up.
Etotal = −E1 + E2
Nm2 Nm2
(9 ⋅ 109 C2
)(4 ⋅ 10−9 C) (9 ⋅ 109 C2
)(5 ⋅ 10−9 C)
Etotal = − 2
+ 2
= −900 NC + 500 NC
(0.2m) (0.3m)

direction)
For part b) all we need to do is multiply the E-field

field from part a) times the new charge q3.
Note that this force is to the right, which is opposite the E-field
E
Fonq3 = (−0.6 ⋅ 10−9 C)(−400 NC ) = +2.4 ⋅ 10−7 N This is because q3 is a negative charge: E-fields are always set
up as if there are positive charges.

For Campus Learning
17.28 Two unequal charges repel each other with a force F. If both charges are
doubled in magnitude, what will be the new force in terms of F?

For Campus Learning
kq1q2
The formula for electric force between 2 charges is Felec =
R2

For Campus Learning
kq1q2
R2
If both charges are doubled, we will have Felec = k(2q1 )(2q2 ) = 4 ⋅ kq1q2
R2 R2

For Campus Learning
kq1q2
R2
If both charges are doubled, we will have Felec = k(2q1 )(2q2 ) = 4 ⋅ kq1q2
R2 R2
So the new force is 4 times as large.

For Campus Learning
17.29 Two unequal charges attract each other with a force F when they are a
distance D apart. How far apart (in terms of D) must they be for the force to be 3
times as strong as F?

For Campus Learning
kq1q2
D2

For Campus Learning
kq1q2
D2
We want the force to be 3 times as strong, so we can set kq q kq q

up the force equation and solve for the new distance. 3 ⋅ 12 2 = 21 2
D Dnew

For Campus Learning
kq1q2
D2

D Dnew
2
Canceling and cross-multiplying, we get Dnew = 1
3 ⋅ D2

For Campus Learning
kq1q2
D2

D Dnew
2
Canceling and cross-multiplying, we get Dnew = 1
3 ⋅ D2
Square-roots
roots of both sides gives us the answer: Dnew = 1
3
⋅D

For Campus Learning
17.30 When two unequal point charges are ar released a distance d from one another,
the heavier one has an acceleration a. Iff you
y want to reduce this acceleration to 1/5
of this value, how far (in terms of d) should the charges be released?

For Campus Learning
Recall that Newton's 2nd law says that Fnet = ma.

So this is really a problem about the force on the heavier charge.

For Campus Learning

The formula for electric force between 2 charges is F = kq1q2

elec
d2

For Campus Learning


elec
d2
If we want the acceleration to be 1/5 as fast,
we need the force to be 1/5 as strong:
1
Fnew = 5 ⋅ Fold
kq1q2 1
kq1q2
2
= 5
⋅
dnew d2

For Campus Learning


elec
d2
1
Fnew = 5 ⋅ Fold
kq1q2 1
kq1q2
2
= 5
⋅
dnew d2
2 2
multiply to get dnew = 5 ⋅ d
We cancel common terms and cross-multiply

For Campus Learning


elec
d2
1
Fnew = 5 ⋅ Fold
kq1q2 1
kq1q2
2
= 5
⋅
dnew d2
2 2
multiply to get dnew = 5 ⋅ d
We cancel common terms and cross-multiply
Square-root of both sides: d 5 ⋅d

new =

For Campus Learning
17.41 A point charge of -4 nC is at the origin, and a second point charge of +6 nC
is placed on the x-axis at x=0.8m. Find theth magnitude and direction of the electric
field at the following points on the x-axis:
axis: a) x=20 cm; b) x=1.20m; c) x= -20cm

For Campus Learning
-4nC +6nC
x
x=0 x=0.8m

For Campus Learning
The electric field near a single point E = kQ

charge is given by the formula: R2
-4nC +6nC
This is only the magnitude. The direction is away x
from a positive charge, and toward a negative one. x=0 x=0.8m

For Campus Learning

-4nC +6nC
For part a) which direction do the E-field

field vectors point?
-4nC +6nC
a x
x=0 x=0.8m

For Campus Learning

-4nC +6nC
For part a) both E-field vectors point in the –x

x direction E2
Call the -4nC
4nC charge #1 and the +6nC charge #2 Q1 = E1 Q2 =
-4nC +6nC
a x
Etotal = −E1 − E2 x=0 x=0.8m

For Campus Learning

-4nC +6nC

x direction E2
Call the -4nC
-4nC +6nC
a x
Etotal = −E1 − E2 x=0 x=0.8m
Nm2 Nm2
(9 ⋅ 109 C2
)(4 ⋅ 10−9 C) (9 ⋅ 109 C2
)(6 ⋅ 10−9 C)
Etotal = − 2
− 2
= −1050 NC
(0.2m) (0.6m)

For Campus Learning

-4nC +6nC

x direction E2
Call the -4nC
-4nC +6nC
a x
Etotal = −E1 − E2 x=0 x=0.8m
Nm2 Nm2
(9 ⋅ 109 C2
)(4 ⋅ 10−9 C) (9 ⋅ 109 C2
)(6 ⋅ 10−9 C)
Etotal = − 2
− 2
= −1050 NC E2
(0.2m) (0.6m)
Q1 = Q2 = E1
-4nC +6nC
For part b) E1 points left and E2 points right b x
x=0 x=0.8m
Etotal = −E1 + E2

For Campus Learning

-4nC +6nC

x direction E2
Call the -4nC
-4nC +6nC
a x
Etotal = −E1 − E2 x=0 x=0.8m
Nm2 Nm2
(9 ⋅ 109 C2
)(4 ⋅ 10−9 C) (9 ⋅ 109 C2
)(6 ⋅ 10−9 C)
Etotal = − 2
− 2
= −1050 NC E2
(0.2m) (0.6m)
Q1 = Q2 = E1
-4nC +6nC
x=0 x=0.8m
Etotal = −E1 + E2
Nm2 Nm2
(9 ⋅ 109 C2
)(4 ⋅ 10−9 C) (9 ⋅ 109 C2
)(6 ⋅ 10−9 C)
Etotal = − 2
+ 2
= +312.5 NC
(1.2m) (0.4m)

For Campus Learning

-4nC +6nC

x direction E2
Call the -4nC
-4nC +6nC
a x
Etotal = −E1 − E2 x=0 x=0.8m
Nm2 Nm2
(9 ⋅ 109 C2
)(4 ⋅ 10−9 C) (9 ⋅ 109 C2
)(6 ⋅ 10−9 C)
Etotal = − 2
− 2
= −1050 NC E2
(0.2m) (0.6m)
Q1 = Q2 = E1
-4nC +6nC
x=0 x=0.8m
Etotal = −E1 + E2
Nm2 Nm2
(9 ⋅ 109 C2
)(4 ⋅ 10−9 C) (9 ⋅ 109 C2
)(6 ⋅ 10−9 C) E2
Etotal = − + = +312.5 NC E1
(1.2m)2 (0.4m)2 Q1 = Q2 =
-4nC +6nC
c x
For part b) E1 points right and E2 points left x=0 x=0.8m

For Campus Learning

-4nC +6nC

x direction E2
Call the -4nC
-4nC +6nC
a x
Etotal = −E1 − E2 x=0 x=0.8m
Nm2 Nm2
(9 ⋅ 109 C2
)(4 ⋅ 10−9 C) (9 ⋅ 109 C2
)(6 ⋅ 10−9 C)
Etotal = − 2
− 2
= −1050 NC E2
(0.2m) (0.6m)
Q1 = Q2 = E1
-4nC +6nC
x=0 x=0.8m
Etotal = −E1 + E2
Nm2 Nm2
(9 ⋅ 109 C2
)(4 ⋅ 10−9 C) (9 ⋅ 109 C2
)(6 ⋅ 10−9 C) E2
Etotal = − + = +312.5 NC E1
(1.2m)2 (0.4m)2 Q1 = Q2 =
-4nC +6nC
c x
For part b) E1 points right and E2 points left x=0 x=0.8m
Etotal = +E1 − E2
Nm2 Nm2
(9 ⋅ 109 C2
)(4 ⋅ 10−9 C) (9 ⋅ 109 C2
)(6 ⋅ 10−9 C)
Etotal = + 2
− 2
= +846 NC Prepared by Vince Zaccone
(0.2m) (1.0m) For Campus Learning
17.42 A point charge of q=+6 nC is at the point (x=0.15m,y=0m), and an identical
point charge is placed at (-0.15m,0m),
0.15m,0m), as shown.
Find the magnitude and direction of the net electric field at:
a) the origin (0,0); b) (0.3m,0m); c) (0.15m,-0.4m);
(0.15m, d) (0m,0.2m)

For Campus Learning
(0.15m, d) (0m,0.2m)
y
Part a): TRY DRAWING THE E-FIELD

VECTORS ON THE DIAGRAM 2 1
x

For Campus Learning
(0.15m, d) (0m,0.2m)
y
E1 E2
Part a): both vectors point away from their charge.
Since the distances and the charges are equal, the 2 1
x
vectors cancel out.
Etotal = 0

For Campus Learning
(0.15m, d) (0m,0.2m)
y
E1 E2
x
vectors cancel out.
Etotal = 0
y
Part b): both vectors point away from their charge.
E1
2 1 E2
x

For Campus Learning
(0.15m, d) (0m,0.2m)
y
E1 E2
x
vectors cancel out.
Etotal = 0
y
Nm2
(9 ⋅ 109 C2
)(6 ⋅ 10−9 C) E1
E1 = = 2400 NC Positive x-direction
direction
2
(0.15m)
2 1 E2
9 Nm2 −9 x
(9 ⋅ 10 C2
)(6 ⋅ 10 C) Positive x-direction
direction
E2 = 2
= 267 NC
(0.45m)

For Campus Learning
(0.15m, d) (0m,0.2m)
y
E1 E2
x
vectors cancel out.
Etotal = 0
y
Nm2
(9 ⋅ 109 C2
)(6 ⋅ 10−9 C) E1
E1 = = 2400 NC Positive x-direction
direction
2
(0.15m)
2 1 E2
9 Nm2 −9 x
(9 ⋅ 10 C2
)(6 ⋅ 10 C) Positive x-direction
direction
E2 = 2
= 267 NC
(0.45m)
Etotal = 2400 + 267 = 2667 NC

For Campus Learning
(0.15m, d) (0m,0.2m)
Part c): both vectors point away from their charge. We y
will need to use vector components to add them together.
(- 0.15,0) (0.15,0)
2 1
x
(0.15,- 0.4)

For Campus Learning
(0.15m, d) (0m,0.2m)
(- 0.15,0) (0.15,0)
2 1
x
(0.15,- 0.4)
E1,y

For Campus Learning
(0.15m, d) (0m,0.2m)
Nm2
(9 ⋅ 109 C2
)(6 ⋅ 10−9 C)
E1 = 2
= 337.5 NC
(0.4m)
(- 0.15,0) (0.15,0)
E1,x = 0 NC 
  2 1
E1,y = −337.5 NC  x
(0.15,- 0.4)
E1,y

For Campus Learning
(0.15m, d) (0m,0.2m)
Nm2
(9 ⋅ 109 C2
)(6 ⋅ 10−9 C)
E1 = 2
= 337.5 NC
(0.4m)
(- 0.15,0) (0.15,0)
E1,x = 0 NC 
  2 1
E1,y = −337.5 NC  x
(0.15,- 0.4)
E2
E1,y

For Campus Learning
(0.15m, d) (0m,0.2m)
Nm2
(9 ⋅ 109 C2
)(6 ⋅ 10−9 C)
E1 = 2
= 337.5 NC
(0.4m)
(- 0.15,0) (0.15,0)
E1,x = 0 NC 
  2 1
E1,y = −337.5 NC  x
The 0.5m in this formula for
9 Nm2 −9 E2 is the distance to charge 2,
(9 ⋅ 10 C2
)(6 ⋅ 10 C) 0.4m
E2 = 2
= 216 NC using Pythagorean theorem or
(0.5m) from recognizing a 3-4-5 5 right
triangle when you see it. (0.15,- 0.4)
0.3m
E2
E1,y

For Campus Learning
(0.15m, d) (0m,0.2m)
Nm2
(9 ⋅ 109 C2
)(6 ⋅ 10−9 C)
E1 = 2
= 337.5 NC
(0.4m)
(- 0.15,0) (0.15,0)
E1,x = 0 NC 
  2 1
E1,y = −337.5 NC  x
(9 ⋅ 10 C2
)(6 ⋅ 10 C) 0.4m
E2 = 2
triangle when you see it. (0.15,- 0.4) E2,x
0.3m
E2,y
E1,y

For Campus Learning
(0.15m, d) (0m,0.2m)
Nm2
(9 ⋅ 109 C2
)(6 ⋅ 10−9 C)
E1 = 2
= 337.5 NC
(0.4m)
(- 0.15,0) (0.15,0)
E1,x = 0 NC 
  2 1
E1,y = −337.5 NC  x
(9 ⋅ 10 C2
)(6 ⋅ 10 C) 0.4m
E2 = 2
E2,x = ( +216 N ) ⋅ ( 3 ) = +129.6 N  triangle when you see it. (0.15,- 0.4) E2,x
 C 5 C
  0.3m
E2,y = ( +216 N
C
) ⋅ ( 4 ) = −172.8 N 
5 C
E2,y
E1,y

For Campus Learning
(0.15m, d) (0m,0.2m)
Nm2
(9 ⋅ 109 C2
)(6 ⋅ 10−9 C)
E1 = 2
= 337.5 NC
(0.4m)
(- 0.15,0) (0.15,0)
E1,x = 0 NC 
  2 1
E1,y = −337.5 NC  x
(9 ⋅ 10 C2
)(6 ⋅ 10 C) 0.4m
E2 = 2
E2,x = ( +216 N ) ⋅ ( 3 ) = +129.6 N  triangle when you see it. (0.15,- 0.4) E2,x
 C 5 C
  0.3m
E2,y = ( +216 N
C
) ⋅ ( 4 ) = −172.8 N 
5 C
E2,y
E1,y
Add together the x-components and the y-components
components separately:
N N N
Etotal,x = 0 C + 129.6 C = +129.6 C
Etotal,y = −337.5 NC − 172.8 NC = −510.3 NC

For Campus Learning
(0.15m, d) (0m,0.2m)
Nm2
(9 ⋅ 109 C2
)(6 ⋅ 10−9 C)
E1 = 2
= 337.5 NC
(0.4m)
(- 0.15,0) (0.15,0)
E1,x = 0 NC 
  2 1
E1,y = −337.5 NC  x
(9 ⋅ 10 C2
)(6 ⋅ 10 C)
E2 = 2
E2,x = ( +216 N ) ⋅ ( 3 ) = +129.6 N  triangle when you see it. (0.15,- 0.4)
 C 5 C
 
E2,y = ( +216 N
C
) ⋅ ( 4 ) = −172.8 N 
5 C 75.7º
Etotal
Add together the x-components and the y-components
components separately:
N N N
Etotal,x = 0 C + 129.6 C = +129.6 C
Etotal,y = −337.5 NC − 172.8 NC = −510.3 NC
Now find the magnitude and the angle using right triangle rules:
Etotal = (129.6)2 + (510.3)2 = 526.5 NC
510.3
tan(θ) = ⇒ θ = 75.7° below + x axis
129.6 Prepared by Vince Zaccone
For Campus Learning
(0.15m, d) (0m,0.2m)
Part d): TRY THIS ONE ON YOUR OWN FIRST...
y
(0,0.2)
(- 0.15,0) (0.15,0)
2 1
x

For Campus Learning
(0.15m, d) (0m,0.2m)
Part d): both vectors point away from their charge. We
y
E1 E2
9 Nm2 −9 The 0.25m in this formula is the
(9 ⋅ 10 C2
)(6 ⋅ 10 C) distance to each charge using the
E1 = 2
= 864 NC Pythagorean theorem or from (0,0.2)
(0.25m)
recognizing a 3-4-5
5 right triangle
when you see it. (- 0.15,0) (0.15,0)
E1,x = −(864 NC )( 00..15
25 ) = −518.4 C 
N
 2 1
 N x
E1,y = +(864 C )( 0.25 ) = +691.2 C 
N 0.20
From symmetry, we can see that E2 will have

the same components, except for +/- signs.
E2,x = +(864 N )( 0.15 ) = +518.4 N 
 C 0.25 C
 
E2,y = +(864 N )( 0.20 ) = +691.2 N 
C 0.25 C
Now we can add the components

(the x-component should cancel out)
Etotal,x = −518.4 NC + 518.4 NC = 0 NC
Etotal,y = +691.2 NC + 691.2 NC = +1382.4 NC
The final answer should be 1382.4 N/C in the positive y-direction.

y

For Campus Learning

17.1 Physics 6B Electric Field Examples Long

Hochgeladen von

Dokumentinformationen

Copyright

Verfügbare Formate

Dieses Dokument teilen

Dokument teilen oder einbetten

Freigabeoptionen

Stufen Sie dieses Dokument als nützlich ein?

Sind diese Inhalte unangemessen?

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

17.1 Physics 6B Electric Field Examples Long

Hochgeladen von

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

Physics 6B

Electric Field Examples

Prepared by Vince Zaccone

Prepared by Vince Zaccone

Prepared by Vince Zaccone

kq This is only the magnitude. The direction is away from a

Prepared by Vince Zaccone

kq This is only the magnitude. The direction is away from a

Prepared by Vince Zaccone

kq This is only the magnitude. The direction is away from a

Prepared by Vince Zaccone

kq This is only the magnitude. The direction is away from a

Prepared by Vince Zaccone

kq This is only the magnitude. The direction is away from a

Etotal = −400 NC (This means 400 N/C in the negative x-direction)

Prepared by Vince Zaccone

kq This is only the magnitude. The direction is away from a

Etotal = −400 NC (This means 400 N/C in the negative x-direction)

For part b) all we need to do is multiply the E-field

Prepared by Vince Zaccone

Etotal = −400 NC (This means 400 N/C in the negative x-direction)

For part b) all we need to do is multiply the E-field

Prepared by Vince Zaccone

Prepared by Vince Zaccone

Prepared by Vince Zaccone

Prepared by Vince Zaccone

Prepared by Vince Zaccone

Prepared by Vince Zaccone

Prepared by Vince Zaccone

We want the force to be 3 times as strong, so we can set kq q kq q

Prepared by Vince Zaccone

We want the force to be 3 times as strong, so we can set kq q kq q

Prepared by Vince Zaccone

We want the force to be 3 times as strong, so we can set kq q kq q

Prepared by Vince Zaccone

Prepared by Vince Zaccone

Recall that Newton's 2nd law says that Fnet = ma.

Prepared by Vince Zaccone

Recall that Newton's 2nd law says that Fnet = ma.

The formula for electric force between 2 charges is F = kq1q2

Prepared by Vince Zaccone

Recall that Newton's 2nd law says that Fnet = ma.

The formula for electric force between 2 charges is F = kq1q2

Prepared by Vince Zaccone

Recall that Newton's 2nd law says that Fnet = ma.

The formula for electric force between 2 charges is F = kq1q2

Prepared by Vince Zaccone

Recall that Newton's 2nd law says that Fnet = ma.

The formula for electric force between 2 charges is F = kq1q2

Square-root of both sides: d 5 ⋅d

Prepared by Vince Zaccone

Prepared by Vince Zaccone

Prepared by Vince Zaccone

The electric field near a single point E = kQ

Prepared by Vince Zaccone

The electric field near a single point E = kQ

For part a) which direction do the E-field

Prepared by Vince Zaccone

The electric field near a single point E = kQ

For part a) both E-field vectors point in the –x

Prepared by Vince Zaccone

The electric field near a single point E = kQ

For part a) both E-field vectors point in the –x

Prepared by Vince Zaccone