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INTRODUCTION TO NSIC

The project work as taken up is about manufacturing of a component

using CNC. This is a very advanced and sophisticated machining process
available very few industries like National Small Industries Corporation in
Hyderabad.

THE NATIONAL SMALL INDUSTRIES CORPORATION:

The National Small Industries Corporation, a Government of India

enterprise under the ministry of SSI was set up with a prime aim of promoting
and to fasten the growth of small scale industries in India through its various
developmental activities. To provide technical services to small scale industries,
NSIC has set up five technical service centres (TSC) all over the country, which
include one at Hyderabad.

The main objective of NSIC is to impart practical and class room training in
several industries trades. It also provides common facilities in such areas as
PCB testing, designing, wave soldering, CNC jobbing and provision of test
equipment for SSIs.

It also helps to develop proto-types of electronic equipments and import

substitutes. These proto-types are then passed on to the manufacturing units for
commercials production under technology transfers.

To develop technology and equipment in critical areas such as energy saving. It

also helps to design, develop and produce improved tools for increasing the
productivity.

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The main activity of this centre is in development of skilled manpower. A

variety of programs have been incorporated in their training schedules in the
area of computer, software & hardware, electronics. Fiber optics
communications,CNC programming. They train the students and accomplish
placements to them.

ROLE OF NSIC-TECHNICAL SERVICES CENTRE

HYDERABAD

The National Small Industries Corporation a premier National level

organization fully owned by Government of India under the Ministry of
industry (MSME) was established in 1955. NSIC-TSC Hyderabad Technical
Service Centre was setup in 1989 to provide service in various Technical areas
thus helping the MSME industries by providing skilled manpower, common
facilities services. Research and Development (R&D) in the field of electronics
and IT. Major activities of this centre include Training on computers (Software
and Hardware), Electronics, Projects, Embedded Systems, Multimedia, Fiber
Optics, Testing Equipments, Software testing Tools and Project assistance for
Engineering Students in all disciplines (Final Year Projects and Mini Projects).
The centre is situated at Kushaiguda, ECIL Post Hyderabad – 500 062.

The centre has well equipped laboratories, workshop, Conference Hall,

Meeting Hall, Class rooms, Library, Latest Software, Internet facility available
and all Labs are setup with latest and sophisticated equipments / machine to
meet current Technological requirements and Trends.

The centre offers short term course, long term course, crash courses,
Tailor made courses in the CNC/CAD/CAM, which are manned by highly
qualified, experienced and dedicated faculty. The centre is regularly conducting
a number of Hi-tech Projects Programmes and Seminars.

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The centre also conducts tailor made training Programme to cater to the
specific training needs of the industries on request. The centre also organizes
industrial and domestic exhibitions.

The centre designed, developed and produced various tools for the use of
rural artisans for increasing their productivity and workmanship. For
entrepreneurs and industrialists, the following services are offered

 Common facilities for MSME enterprises.

 Proto Type Development.
 Technology Transfer.
 Technical Training
 Seminars & Development Program
 Exhibitions.

The prime objective of this centre is to develop professional and technical skills

of educated and unemployed youth by providing skill development training and

support services for getting wage or self employment. The Programme is aimed

at creating sustainable wage employment and income – opportunities for all

eligible men & women.

ABOUT CAD/CAM

The term CAD/CAM is a shortening of Computer-Aided Design (CAD)

and Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM).

It is the technology concerned with the use of digital computers to

perform certain functions in design and production. This technology is moving
in the direction of greater integration of design and manufacturing,
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CAD/CAM will provide the technology base for the computer-integrated

factory of the future.

Computer-aided design (CAD) can be defined as the use of computer

systems to assist in the creation, modification, analysis, or optimization of a
design.

The CAD software consists of the computer programs to implement

computer graphics on the system plus application programs to facilitate the
engineering functions of the user company.

CAD/CAM software uses CAD drawing tools to describe geometries

used by the CAM portion of the program to define a tool path that will direct the
motion of a machine tool to machine the exact shape that was drawn.

CAM Computer-aided manufacturing can be defined as the use of

computer systems to plan, mange, and control the operations of a manufacturing
plan through either direct or indirect computer interface with the plant’s
production resources. As indicated by the definition, the applications of
computer-aided manufacturing fall into two broad categories.

 Computer monitoring and control. These are the direct applications in

which the computer is connected directly to the manufacturing process
for the purpose of monitoring or controlling the process.
 Manufacturing support applications these are the indirect applications
in which the computer is used in support of the production operations in
the plant, but there is no direct interface between the computer and the
manufacturing process.

APPLICATION OF COMPUTERS FOR DESIGN

The various design-related tasks which are performed by a modern computer-
aided design system can be grouped into four functional areas:

1. Geometric modeling
2. Engineering analysis

3. Design review and evolution

4. Automated drafting

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Geometric modeling

In computer-aided design, geometric modeling is concerned with the

computer-compatible mathematical description of the geometry of an object.
The mathematical description allows the image of the object o be displayed and
manipulated on a graphics terminal through signal from the CPU of the CAD
system.

Engineering analysis

In the formulation of nearly any engineering design project, some type of

analysis is required. The analysis may involve stress-strain calculation, heat-
transfer computation, or the use of differential equation to describe the dynamic
behavior of the system being designed. The computer can be used to aid in this
analysis work.

Design review and evolution

Checking the accuracy of the design can be accomplished conveniently

on the graphics terminal. Semi automatic dimensioning and tolerance routines
which assign size specification to surfaces indicated by the user help to reduce
the possibility of dimensioning errors. The designer can zoom in on part design
details and magnify the image on the graphics screen for close scrutiny.

A procedure called layering is often helpful in design review it can be

performed in stages to check each successive step in the processing of the part.

Automated drafting

Automated drafting involves the creation of hard-copy engineering

drawings directly from the CAD data base, CAD systems can increase
productivity in the drafting function by roughly five times over manual drafting.

BENEFITS OF CAD/CAM SYSTEM

Potential Benefits of implementing CAD as part of an integrated
CAD/CAM system
1. Improved engineering productivity
2. Shorter lead times
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3. Reduced engineering personnel requirements

4. Customer modification are easier to make
5. Faster response to requests for quotations
6. Avoidance of subcontracting to meet schedules
7. Minimized transcription errors
8. Improved accuracy of design
9. In analysis, easier recognition of component interactions
10. Provides better functional analysis to reduce prototype testing
11. Assistance in preparation of documentation
12. Designs have more standardization
13. Better designs provided
14. Improved productivity o f tool design
15. Better knowledge of costs provided
16. Reduced train time for routine drafting tasks and NC part
programming
17. Provides the potential for using more existing parts and tooling
18. Helps ensure designs are appropriate to existing manufacturing
techniques
19. Saves material and machining time by optimization algorithms
20. Provides operational results on the status of work in progress
21. Makes the management of design personnel on projects more effective
assistance in inspection of implicated parts
22. Better communication interfaces and greater understanding among
engineers, designers, drafters, management, and different project
groups

CAD ADVANTAGES OVER CONVENTIONAL

ENGINEERING DRAWING
Benefits of CAD over Conventional Design Process
Manufacturing of machine parts and components is carried out with the
help of drawings. Computer Aided Design (CAD) is an important and powerful
tool to create the drawings.
General features to its popularity over conventional design process are
1. Ease of use
Users of find it easy to learn and use CAD especially in comparison to
conventional engineering drawing.
2. Drawing Flexibility
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By using CAD software these engineering drawings can be changed

and altered where in conventional design process it is not possible and
a lot of time is spent to alter the conventional drawing.
3. modeling and drafting
The majority of CAD software provides two dimensional and three
dimensional modeling capabilities.
4. Accuracy
Greater accuracy can be obtained by using this CAD software.
5. Less time
Less time is taken to produce a drawing and dimensioning it but in
case of conventional, time taken is more and skilled engineer needed.

INTRODUCTION TO CATIA
CATIA (Computer Aided Three-dimensional Interactive Application) is a
multi-platform CAD/CAM/CAE commercial software suite developed by the
French company Dassault Systemes. Written in the C++ programming
language, CATIA is the cornerstone of the Dassault Systemes product lifecycle
management software suite.
CATIA competes in the high-end CAD/CAM/CAE market with Creo
Elements/Pro and NX (Unigraphics).

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HISTORY OF CATIA
CATIA (Computer Aided Three-Dimensional Interactive Application) started as
an in-house development in 1977 by French aircraft manufacturer Avions
Marcel Dassault, at that time customer of the CAD/CAM CAD software to
develop Dassault's Mirage fighter jet, then was adopted in the aerospace,
automotive, shipbuilding, and other industries.

Initially named CATI (Conception Assistée Tridimensionnelle Interactive —

French for Interactive Aided Three-dimensional Design ), it was renamed
CATIA in 1981 when Dassault created a subsidiary to develop and sell the
software and signed a non-exclusive distribution agreement with IBM. In 1984,
the Boeing Company had chosen CATIA V3 as its main 3D CAD tool,
becoming its largest customer.
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In 1988, CATIA V3 was ported from mainframe computers to UNIX.

In 1990, General Dynamics Electric Boat Corp chose CATIA as its main 3D
CAD tool to design the U.S. Navy's Virginia class submarine. Also, Boeing had
been selling its CADAM CAD system worldwide through the channel of IBM
since 1978.

In 1992, CADAM had been purchased from IBM, and the next year CATIA
CADAM V4 was published.

In 1996, it was ported from one to four Unix operating systems, including
IBM AIX, Silicon Graphics IRIX, Sun Microsystems SunOS, and Hewlett-
Packard HP-UX.

In 1998, V5 was released and was an entirely rewritten version of CATIA with
support for UNIX, Windows NT and Windows XP since 2001.

In 2008, Dassault announced and released CATIA V6. While the server can run
on Microsoft Windows, Linux or AIX, client support for any operating system
other than Microsoft Windows was dropped.

In November 2010, Dassault launched Catia V6R2011x, the latest release of its
PLM2.0 platform, while still continuing to support and improve its Catia V5
software.In June 2011, Dassault launched V6 R2012.

SCOPE OF APPLICATION
Commonly referred to as a 3D Product Lifecycle Management software suite,
CATIA supports multiple stages of product development (CAx), including
conceptualization, design (CAD), manufacturing (CAM), and engineering
(CAE). CATIA facilitates collaborative engineering across disciplines,
including surfacing & shape design, mechanical engineering, and equipment
and systems engineering.

CATIA provides a suite of surfacing, reverse engineering, and visualization

solutions to create, modify, and validate complex innovative shapes, from
subdivision, styling, and Class A surfaces to mechanical functional surfaces.

CATIA enables the creation of 3D parts, from 3D sketches, sheet metal,

composites, molded, forged or tooling parts up to the definition of mechanical

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assemblies. It provides tools to complete product definition, including

functional tolerances as well as kinematics definition.

CATIA facilitates the design of electronic, electrical, and distributed systems

such as fluid and HVAC systems, all the way to the production of
documentation for manufacturing.

Systems engineering
CATIA offers a solution to model complex and intelligent products through the
systems engineering approach. It covers the requirements definition, the
systems architecture, the behaviour modelling and the virtual product
or embedded software generation. CATIA can be customized via application
programming interfaces (API). CATIA V5 & V6 can be adapted using Visual
Basic and C++ programming languages via CAA (Component Application
Architecture), a component object model (COM)-like interface.

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HIGHLIGHTS AND BENEFITS OF CATIA

CATIA is the leading product development solution for all manufacturing

organizations, from OEMs, through their supply chains, to small independent
producers. The range of CATIA capabilities allows it to be applied in a wide
variety of industries, such as aerospace, automotive, industrial machinery,
electrical, electronics, shipbuilding, plant design, and consumer goods,
including design for such diverse products as jewellery and clothing.
CATIA is the only solution capable of addressing the complete product
development process, from product concept specification through product-in-
service, in a fully integrated and associative manner. Based on an open, scalable
architecture, it facilitates true collaborative engineering across the
multidisciplinary extended enterprise, including style and form design,
mechanical design and equipment and systems engineering, managing digital
mock-ups, machining, analysis, and simulation. By enabling enterprises to reuse
product design knowledge and accelerate development cycles, CATIA helps
companies to speed-up their responses to market needs.

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In conjunction with ENOVIA and ENOVIA SmarTeam for lifecycle

management and decision support and DELMIA for manufacturing engineering,
CATIA is a key component of collaborative PLM.
Much beyond pure CAD software packages, which provide geometry modelling
features for design-centric companies, CATIA delivers the keys to PLM for
process-centric companies:
 Product to market. CATIA is about product creation. From the earliest product
concept to production tooling, its concurrent engineering and design-in-context
capabilities create value by enabling companies to create products and bring
them to the market.
 Time to market. The unequalled process coverage of CATIA, combined with
the native associativity among all of its applications, gives CATIA customers
the means to shorten the time to market.
 Right to market. CATIA's integrated analysis, simulation, synthesis, and
optimization applications provide product engineering validation at each design
step to ensure product quality and market acceptance.
 Lead the market. CATIA's advanced capabilities for collaborative engineering,
knowledge capture, and re-use boost innovation and help to lead the market.

Catia Modules:
1. Sketcher
2. Part Design
3. Assembly Design
4. Drafting
5. Surface Modeling

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1. SKETCHER IN CATIA

START →MECHANICAL DESIGN →PART→XY PLANE→SKETCH

3.1 TOOL BARS IN SKETCHER:

1. Standard Toolbar
2. View
3. Profile
4. Operation
5. Constraint
6. Sketch tools
7. Tools
8. Visualization
MOUSE OPERATION:

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Press middle button → Pan (to move part)
Press middle button + right button → Rotate
Press middle button + one time right button → Zoom in & Zoom out

Fig. 3.1.0 Catia screen

SPECIFICATION TREE: it keeps history of a part; we can hide this by f3.

To move or zoom specification tree click on the line of specification tree then move or zoom
it.

DEFAULT PLANES: these are use for reference

COMPASS: used for orientation of a part

3.1.1 STANDARD TOOL BAR:

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Fig.3.1.1: Standarad tool bar
Control + x →cut

Control + c → copy

Control +v →paste

3.1.2 VIEW TOOL BAR:

Fig.3.1.2. View tool bar

Fit all in: It brings the profile at middle of the screen.

Normal view: It keeps the sketch normal to the screen.

Swap visible space: All the hidden elements can be seen in the space.

Pan: Moving the part (mouse middle button).

3.1.3 PROFILE TOOL BAR:

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Fig: 3.1.3 Profile tool bar
Profile: It is combination of a lines and arcs

Centred parallelogram: We have to select two lines those two lines will be at the centre of
the side of parallelogram.

Circle using coordinates: Give xy- coordinates and radius we get the circle with fully
constrained.

Tri tangent circle: Select 3 lines curves or circles we get the circle tangentially to these
elements.

Connect: Select two arcs or spines; we can connect two curves by point tangency or
curvature continuity.

Conic: Select two points on curve and select a point at middle of the curve.

Bisecting Line: Select two lines, a bisecting infinite line is formed at its intersection.

Bi tangent line: Select two circles or an arc a line is formed tangential to the curves.

Line normal to the curve: Select a point select a curve or line; the line will be normal to the
curve.

Equidistance point: Select line or curve and give number of instances all the points will be
at equal distance.

Intersection point: select two lines a point is created at its intersection.

3.14 OPERATION TOOLBAR:

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Fig.3.1.4 Operation tool bar

Corner: It creates fillets at the edges select two lines or arcs and gives radius. To trim or no
trim select options in sketch tools

Chamfer: select two lines give values we get chamfer

Break: It breaks the lines in to two elements. Select line and a point on the line.

Trim: It removes unwanted elements and also joins two lines.

Quick trim: It removes unwanted elements.

Close: It makes the arc in to the circle.

Complement: Select any arc we get other side of it.

Projection point: select a point and select a line or arc point; point is projected on the line or
arc.

3.1.5 SKETCH TOOLS TOOL BAR:

Fig.3.1.5 Sketch tool bar

Snap to point: we get point to point distance if we draw any line, we can see the grid value
in tools→ option →mechanical design → sketcher.

Construction/standard: It turns standard element to construction element. Select any line or

curve it will change in to construction element vice versa.

Geometrical constraint: If checkout this commands we cannot see geometrical constraints

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on the sketch like horizontal, vertical, coincidence etc.

Dimensional constraint: If we checkout this command we cannot see dimensions which is

internally generated like fillet, chamfer, offset dimensions.

3.1.6 CONSTRAINT TOOL BAR:

Fig. 3.1.6 Constraint tool bar

Constraints defined in dialog box: In this we can apply geometrical constrains like
perpendicular, parallel, coincidence etc.

Contact constraint: Select two elements by default any one of tangency, concentricity or
coincidence constraint will be applied.

Fix together: Select number of elements it will all fix together while we move the sketch.

Auto constraint: Select the sketch with respect to axis it will be automatically getting iso
constrained.

Animate constraint: Select any dimension and select run back animation; that dimension
will animate from first to last value.

Edit multi constraint: In this we can edit all the dimensions at a time.

3.1.7 TOOLS:

Sketch solving status: In this we can check out whether the sketch is iso constrained or not.

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3.1.8 VISUALIZATION:

Diagnostics: If we checkout this command then iso constrained sketch will be shown as
under constraint.

Dimensional constraint: If we checkout this command all the dimensions will be removed.

Geometrical constraint: If we checkout this command all the geometrical constraint will be
removed.

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CHAPTER-4

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2. PART MODELLING IN CATIA

START → MECHANICAL DESIGN → PART DESIGN

File extension is CAT PART

4.1 TOOL BARS USED IN PART:

1. Sketch based features

2. Dress up features

3. Transformation features

4. Reference elements

5. Boolean operations

6. Surface based features

4.1.1 SKETCH BASED FEATURES:

Fig. 4.1.1 Sketch based features

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In part modelling sketch should be iso-constraint & fully closed. The sketch should not be self
intersect.

Pad: It adds material normal to the profile. If we select thick option, we get hollow part with
some thickness. If we select mirror, material will be added on both sides.

Multi-Pad: If there are different profiles in one sketch & if we want to add material in different
dimensions we have to select each profile and give dimension individually.

Pocket: It removes material normal to the profile.

Shaft: It adds material by rotating along axis. If the sketch is open, we have to select thickness.
If we take an axis then it will be automatically selected.
Groove: It removes material by rotating along an axis.

Hole: we can create different types of holes like counter bore, counter sunk, tapered, threaded
etc. We have to select a point on the surface. We have to see threaded holes in drafting.

Rib: It requires a profile & a centre curve. It adds material by passing through the curve. Select
the profile & select centre curve, if we select thick we get hollow section. The profile may be at
any distance from the curve.

Slot: It is opposite to rib. It removes material by passing through a centre curve.

Stiffener: to create ribs to the part. It gives stiffness to the part.

Solid Combine: It combines two different profiles which are perpendicular to each other

Multi-section Solid: It adds material for different profiles. Select two profiles , right click on
closing point, select remove and go to selected sketch, right click, select create closing point and
keep the point collinear to the other closing point. If profiles are same section, select tangency

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than curvature, if profiles are different then select ratio in coupling option. If profiles have
vertices select coupling and select vertex points. The material will be added between these
couplings. If we select spine the material will be added by curvature. In relimitations if we
checkout, the material will be added from starting to end point of spine. In guides we have to
create separate lines between two profiles. Guides should connect to the profile .

4.1.2 DRESS UP FEATURES:

Fig. 4.1.2 Dress up features

Edge Fillet: Select the edges, give radius, we get corner on edge. While giving fillet to the edge
the other edge gets disturbed then select disturbed edge in edges to keep. In limiting elements
select two planes which are perpendicular to the edge. We get a corner in between the planes or
other side of planes. In parting element select a plane perpendicular to edge; the fillet is divided
into two. In blend corner select three perpendicular edges and right click on blend corner, select
by vertex, give set back distance for each side variable radius fillet. Select the edge and give
different radius to fillets.

Chordal Fillet: In this we have to give chord length instead of fillet.

Face to Face Fillet: Select the two surfaces; we get a fillet to the common edge.

Tritangent Fillet: Select 2 parallel surfaces and select their perpendicular face, the entire surface
gets fillet.

Chamfer: Select the edge and give Chamfer values.

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Shell: Select shell and give thickness. The entire part is converted into hollow part, with some
thickness. If we want to remove that face, select face to remove and select the surface.

Thickness: Select surface and give thickness.

Thread / Tap: By this we get threading or tapping on shaft or hole. Select cylindrical surface
and select top surface as limit face and give thread depth; we can see this in drafting.
Draft Angle: Select a face in face to draft & select a face or a plane as a neutral element. If we
select selection by neutral face then all the faces connected to neutral face get draft angle.

Variable Draft Angle: Select a face to draft & give different draft angle. Select point and create
number of points on edge & give individual draft angles.

Draft Reflect Line: we get draft angle between two features.

Drafted Fillet Pad: While padding, we get draft angle lateral, 1st limit & 2nd limit radius. Select

profile & select plane as second limit on which the profile is drawn & give the values.

4.1.3 TRANSFORMATION FEATURES:

Fig. 4.1.3. Transformation features

Axis to Axis: Create an axis system by going into insert, axis system, right click on origin, and
create a point somewhere. Select axis to axis and select two axes as reference and target.

Rectangular Pattern: Select the feature in object to pattern; select the surface or plane in a

reference direction, give instances and spacing. In 2nd direction we get no. of rows. In more, in

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row in direction 1 & 2 we can change rows and columns besides original feature.

Circular Pattern: Select feature in object to pattern, select surface in reference direction give
instances & angle. In crown definition we get no. of circular features with some spacing.

User Pattern: We can create a no. of features in a position wherever we need. Create no. of
points on surface, select points in position & feature in object.

Affinity: It is also related to scaling but dimension can be individually increased or decreased in
X, Y, Z directions.

4.1.4 BOOLEAN OPERATIONS:

We have to create features in bodies.

Insert → Bodies

Union Trim: If we have multi features in a body then union trim can add these features & also
removes unwanted features by selecting its face.

Remove Lump: After applying Boolean, if any element or small feature disassembled from part
then select remove lump then select remove face, select face of the element.

4.1.5 SURFACE BASED FEATURES:

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Fig. 4.1.4 Surface based features

Thick Surface: create a surface select the tool select surface and give thickness value.

Close Surface: create close surface select the tool and select the surface.

Split: It splits part up to the surface.

Sew: create a closed surface create a part inside the surface. Surface length should be less than
the part inside. Select the tool select surface and select face of part as face to remove.

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CHAPTER-5

3. DRAFTING IN CATIA

START → MECHANICAL DESIGN → DRAFTING

File extension is CAT DRAW

5.1 TOOL BARS USED IN DRAFTING

1. Views

2. Dimensioning

3. Dress up

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4. Drawing

5. Annotations

6. Generations

7. Geometry creations

8. Geometry modification

9. Graphic properties

10. Dimension properties

11. Numerical properties

12. Text properties

TWO TYPES OF DRAFTING:

1. Generative drafting: In this we generate drawing from the part which we have created.
2. Interactive drafting: In this we create drawing in drafting in drafting workbench.

5.1.1 VIEW:

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Fig 5.1.1 View

Front view: Select the tool go to window select a part and select its plane or face.
Projection view: It gives front, side, top views of an active view.
Auxiliary view: Draw a line at an angle on activate view, the view will be oriented at an angle.
Isometric view: Select the tool go to window and select the part face. We get an isometric view

Advanced front view: It is similar to the front view but we can change its scale before getting
drawing into workbench.

Offset section view: It is used to see the inner details of the view. Draw line which is
perpendicular and double click on that.

Aligned section view: cut the view at any angle and double click on that; we get an aligned
section view. This view is bigger than the normal view.

Section cut view : draw a line on the view; the part touching the plane will be only visible.

Detail view: Draw a circle on any view; the section inside this circle will be shown separately
with bigger size.

Detail view profile: creates a profile instead of circle.

Quick detail view: entire profile can be seen.

Clipping view: Only the detail section will be visible and entire view will be deleted.

Broken view: It is used when the length of the part is large. Click on the view and create two
lines; the section b/w the lines will be deleted but the length will be same.

Breakout view: create a closed profile and give the depth; material will be removed up to that

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depth, it is used as half section view for cylindrical parts.

Wizard: We get diff. views once at a time.

5.1. 2. DIMENSINING:

If we give dimension to the circle it gives diameter.

If we apply distance or length to the circle it gives its circumference.

chamfer dimension: Select a chamfer in the view it gives the chamfer length.

Thread dimension: select the thread on hole or a shaft; it gives the thread diameter.

Coordinate dimension: Select the axis point it gives its coordinate dimension.

Hole dimension table: Select a hole; we get a table giving x, y coordinates and its diameter.

Coordinate dimension table: Create a point on drawing and select the point; we get the table
giving the coordinate values in separate table.

Re route dimension: Select the dimension and select two lines the dimension is shifted to these
lines.

Create interruption: If any two dimension cross each other select the tool and select the
dimension and click two points on extension line where the line is crossing.

Remove interruption: it removes the interruption created an extension line; select the tool and
select the extension line

Create\ modify clipping: Select the tool and select the dimension; it creates half dimension.

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5.1.3 DRESS UP:

Centre line with reference: creates a line center line with reference; select a circle and select
any line in the view we get an axis which is parallel to the line. The line should be in the same
view only.

Axis line and center line: Select two circles we get both axis and center line.

Area fill creation: It creates hatching lines where ever we select in the closed profile.

Area fill modification: It will cut and paste the hatching lines from one space to other closed
space.

5.1.4 ANNOTATIONS:

Balloon: It generates numbering we use this for assembly drawing.

Weld: Select two lines we get weld symbol at its intersection.

Table: Select the tool give rows and columns; we get a table for bill of material.

5.1.5 DRAWING:

New sheet: we get a new sheet.

New detailed sheet: we get a new sheet for interactive drafting that means we create our own
drawing.

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New view: while working in detail drawing we create drawings in separate views.

Instantiate 2d component: when we create a drawing in detailed sheet we get 2d component

under the detail sheet in specification tree. To get that 2d component in to generative drafting
select the tool select the 2d component in specification tree go to drawing and place here ever we
require

5.1.6 GENERATIONS:

Fig.5.6.1 Generations

Generative dimensions: All dimensions are automatically generated.

Generative dimension step by step: All dimensions are generated in step by step.

Generative balloon: If we assign numbers to assembly drawing those numbers are automatically
generated in drawing.

TO CREATE A TITTLE BLOCK AND FRAME:

EDIT → SHEET BACK GROUND → INSERT → DRAWING →FRAME$ TITTLE BLOCK

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→CREATE → OK.

Fig.5.6.2 Title block

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