Results

Bioassay. After the impregnation of extracts had been applied and the inoculated
plates were allowed to grow for 24 hours, the three lichen extracts were showing
activity against all the bacterial strains. The negative control showed results relative
to the zone of inhibitions of the lichen extracts while the positive control,
Cyprofloxacin yielded the greatest zone of inhibition for all the bacterial samples.
The acetone extracts inhibited growth of S. aureus with a mean zone of 6.33, 6.0 for
E. aerogenes, 7.0 for K. pneumoniae, 6.17 for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 7.67 for
E.faecium and 7.33 for A. baumannii. The L1 extract showed the greatest zone of
inhibition for K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa with mean zones of 12.41 and 8.33
respectively, while the L2 extract showed the greatest zone of inhibition for S.
aureus, E. aerogenes, and A. baumannii with mean zones of 10.25, 8.6 and 7.33
respectively, and the L3 extract showed the greatest zone of inhibition for E. faecium
with a mean zone of 9.67. The acetone and L2 extracts were showing an equal
inhibitory effect on A. baumannii with a mean zone of 7.33. The L3 and acetone
extract showed an equal inhibitory effect as well, with the least inhibitory effect on
E. aerogenes with a mean zone of 6.0. The L1 extract showed the greatest zone of
inhibition on K. pneumoniae with a mean zone of 12.41. The lichen extracts
collectively showed poor activity against A. baumannii with a grand mean of zone of
inhibition 7.05 while the lichen extracts collectively showed the maximal activity in K.
pneumoniae with a grand mean of 10.44. Although the extracts were not as effective
as the commercial antibiotics Cyprofloxacin, it has potent antibacterial activity.