Introduction This book contains: access to a complete online practice test model answers forall Writing tasks = answer sheets = audio scripts four complete Practice Tests for the Cambridge English Advanced exam (2015) answer key, including mark schemes forall Writing tasks guidance on how to assess the Writing and Speaking papers Exam content Reading and Use of English (1 hour 30 minutes) Text Question type PART1 |1shorttext with 8 | 4-option multiple-choice; choose the aps correct word(s) to fil each gap PART2 Ishorttextwith8 —fileach gap with one word eps PART 3. Ishort text with 8 use the words given to form the correct, gaps | word for each gap PART 4 6 unrelated sentences, use the word given to complete the each followed bya gapped sentence so that it means the single word anda | same as the first sentence gzpped sentence | PARTS {1 text (article, fiction, non-fiction) | 4-option multiple-choice PARTS | 4 short texts ‘matching opinions with the text they appear in PART7 | 1 text with 6 paragraphs missing choice of 7 paragraphs to fil the gaps 1 text divided into | sections OR several | short texts matching statements / information to ‘or appear in 4. CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS. INTRODUCTION Focus | vocabulary (meaning of single words, completion of phrases, phrasal verbs, et.) 8 questions; 8 marks ‘mostly grammar, some vocabulary | 8 questions; 8 marks word formation 8 questions; 8 marks | grammar and vocabulary 6 questions: 12 marks Amokfor each por fthe answer, | max 2mars pr question) comprehension of detail, opinion, attitude, tone, purpose, main idea, | implication, text organization features, | exemplification, reference, comparison | G questions; 12 marks | understanding opinions and attitudes; comparing and contrasting opinions and attitudes across texts {A questions; 8 marks understanding of text structure, links “between parts of text {6 questions; 12 marks ocation of specific information; | section of text or short text they refer to / comprehension ot paraphrasing $10 questions; 10 marksWriting (1 hour 30 minutes) Task PART _ essay, based on two points in text given (220-260 words). Candidates must do this task. PART2 letter /emall, proposal, report or review (220-260 words) Candidates choose ONE task from three choices. Listening (40 minutes) Focus explaining which of the two points is | more important and giving reasons for this opinion 20 marks varies according to the task, including comparing, giving advice, giving opinions, justifying, persuading 20 marks In the exam, each recording Is heard twice. On the CO, they are not repeated, so you wil need play euch wack uguin. Atthe end of the exam, candidates are given 5 minutes to transfer their answers to the answer sheet. Recording PART1 | 3short | conversations ‘Question type per conversation) PART2 |1 monologue E 3 | Linterview or | conversation (two | or more speakers) -option multiple-choice PART | 5 short monologues | matching: 2 Lasks. Fur vattt Lash, nately | what each speaker says to 1 of 8 options 19 questions; 10 marks i (G questions per task) Speaking (15 minutes) Activity type (examiner + two candidates) PART. ; conversation between candidates and interlocutor mins) PART2 response from second candidate (4 nin) | candidates talk about 2 sets of 3 pictures PART3 | 2way conversation between candidates (¢ min) candidates discuss written prompts in a | decision-making task PART 4 | conversation between candidates and interlocutor (Grins) candidates discuss topics related to Part 3 task with the examiner | option multiple-choice (2 questions sentence completion: & sentences to -omplete with a word or short phrase individual long turn’ for each candidate with a brief Focus detail, gist, opinion, speaker feeling attitude, function, purpose, agreement between speakers, course of action 6 questions; 6 marks Understanding of specific information and stated opinion 8 questions; & marks understanding of opinion, attitude, detail, gist. speaker Feeling, purpose, function and agreement between speakers 6 questions; 6 marks sae as Pat 1 Focus general and personal topics relating to the candidate ‘organizing a larger unit of discourse, comparing, describing, expressing opinions and speculating interaction, exchanging ideas, expressing and Justifying opinions, agreeing and / or disagreeing, ‘suggesting, speculating. evaluating, reaching a decision through negotiation ‘expressing and justifying opinions, agreeing and / or disagreeing, speculating 40 marks total The Reading and Use of English paper carries 40% of the total. The Writing, Listening and Speaking papers each carry 20% of the total. ‘CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS INTRODUCTION 5TEST 1 Reading and Use of English (1 hour 30 minutes) PART For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A,B, C or D) best fits each gap. There isan example at the beginning (0). ‘Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet, Example: © A interfering —_B upsetting o A B gf D € damaging intruding Taking photographs ruins the memory, research finds Our obsession with recording every detail of our happiest moments could be 0. our ability to remember them, according to new research. Dr Linda Henkel, from Fairfield University, Connecticut, described this as the ‘photo-taking impairment effect’ She said, ‘People often whip out their cameras almost mindlessly to 1 ‘2 moment, to the point that they are missing what is happening 2 in front of them. When people rely on technology to remember for them ~ 3. on the 1 A sexe 8 grasp 2 A quite B right 3 Accounting B selling 4 A engage B apply 5A result B aspect 6 A steered Brun 7 A accurate 8 faithful 8 A measured —_B compared camera to record the event and thus not needing to 4__to it fully themselves ~ it can have a negative 5 on how well they remember their experienc In Dr Henkel’s experiment, a group of university students were 6 of'a muscum and asked to either photograph or try to remember objects on display. The next day cach stent's memory was tested. The results showed that people were less 7. ona tour in recognizing the objects they had photographed. 8______ with those they had only looked at. capture D snatch C merely € essuniny C attend D dedicate © extent D impact C led D conveyed C exact D factual C matched D confronted 6 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS READING AND USE OF ENGLISHPART 2 For questions 9-16, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet Example: [o| [to LTE Founded in 1972, the Veuve Clicquot Business Woman Award is celebrated in 27 countries. Veuve Clicquot has now introduced a new award U_____ complement its Business Woman of the Year cateyory. Called The New Generation Award, 9_____ recognizes the best young female talent across business and corporate lite. ‘The first winner of the award, Kathryn Parsons, 10__ innovative start-up company, Decoded, teaches people to code in a day, has joined the judging panel to help find this year’s winner. ‘The importance of these awards cannot 1i__ overestimated,’ she says. ‘Women need role models that prove to 12__ that they can do it, too The New Generation Award is open to entrepreneurial businesswomen 13__ the ages of 25 and 35. They can run 14___ ‘own businesses or hail from corporate life. ‘This award isn't about how much money you've made or how lony you've Leer itt Lusiiiess, i's ebout recognizing young women 15__a mission and a vision,’ says Parsons. ‘We want to meet women who are working to 16. the world a better place.” (CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS READING AND USE OF ENGLISH 7PART3 For questions 17~24, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0). Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet. Example: o|[Rle|s]'[e[N [alt]! fo[n | EXITINTERVIEWS IF you are thinking of leaving your job, you may think that handing in your letter of 0 is the end of the matter. But an increasing number of companies now conduct ‘exit interviews’ with staff. For the employee, an exit interview may feel ike an ideal opportunity to rant and rave about every little 17____that has troubled them since they got the job. But, 18__ in mind that you will probably stillneed a 19__ from these people, itis best to avoid getting angry or 20. . and just answer the questions as calmly and with as much 21__as possible. tor employers, the exit interview is a rare opportunity to gather some valuable information about the way staff perceive the company. Existing employees may not wish to cause 22 to the boss or damage their chances of promotion, so are unlikely to 23. th real feelings about the company. However, someone who has already resigned is more likely to be 24.____ when giving their opinions. 8 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS READING AND USE OF ENGLISH RESIGN ‘ANNOY BEAR REFER EMOTION HONEST OFFEND CLOSE TRUEPART 4 For questions 25~30, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the {first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between ‘three and six words, including the word given. Here is an example (0). Example: © Ididn't know the way there, s0 1 got lost. 75, Get Not there, | got lost 0) |KNOWING HOW TO GET Write only the missing words IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet. 25 [ve just noticed that the car has almost run out of petrol. HARDLY Ive just noticed that left in the car. 26 I didn't know that cars were so expensive in this country. IDEA |___so much in this country. 27 Don't get depressed because of such a small problem, Ler Its such a small problem that you shouldn't down, 28 Itis reported that he is now recovering in hospital RECOVERY He is reported in hospital now. 29 Laura's teacher says that she doesn't have a serious enough attitude to her work. ‘SERIOUSLY Lauradoesn't__ to her teacher. 30 What's confusing you so much? Lot What sit thats _______ confusion? CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS. READING ANDUSE OF ENGLISH 9Gen PARTS You are going to read a book review. For questions 31-36, choose the answer (A, 8, C or D) which you think its best according to the text. ‘Mark your answers on tie sepurute uniswer sheet. The Great Indoors: At Home in the Modern British House by Ben Highmore In 1910 the music hall comedian Billy formality, so that living rooms once voice of dissent merely argued that Williams scored his biggest hit with full of heavy furniture and Victorian in winter, "The healthy child only the song When Father Papered the _knick-knacks are new cominated hy needs ahout three hours a day in the Parlour, mocking the incompetence television screens and littered with open air, as ong as the day and night of the amateur home decorator. children’s toys. There is a growing nursery windows are always open.” Fifty years later, comedians Norman internationalism in taste. And there Nowadays, the fresh air obsession has ‘Wisdom and Bruce Forsyth were is the tise of domestic democracy, __bgen replaced by rational fears of still entertaining millions on the TV with the household radiogram and horrors outside the home, It’s easier shiow Suntiay Night at dhe London telephone (located in the hall) now to lath at the totbles of the past, Palladium with a similar routine, but replaced by iPads, laptops and and Highmore doesn’t always resist a the joke was starting to look dated. mobiles in virtually every room. Key sense of modern superiority, though, The success of magazines such as The to that decentralization of the home for the most part, he's an engaging Proctical Householder was already ~ and the implied shift of power ‘and quirky guide, dispensing | proving that, as the 1957 Ideal Home within it- is the advent of central _ sociological insights without jargon Exhibition proclaimed, ‘Do-it-yourself heating, which gets pride of place ‘The message is that even the is ahome hobby that is here to stay.’ as the innovation that allowed the ‘language of the home has changed By this stage, Britain had mostly whole house to become accessible at irrevocably: airing cupboards are completed its transition from all times of day and night. Telling an going the same way as drawing primitive housing conditions, made unruly child to ‘go to your toom’ no rooms, As for that Billy Williams bearable = for thuse why ewuld affvid longer seems much of a threat. song, ‘By the 1980s, Highmore it~ by servants and handymen, Highmore also documents, writes, ‘it would be impossible for into a world where families looked however, some less successful steps anyone to imagine their front room as after themselves in highly serviced in the onward march of domestic a “parlour” without seeming deeply environments. Recognisably ‘machinery. Whatever happened old-fashioned.’ He's not entirely modern technology, in the form of to the gas-powered fridges we correct, for there was at least one telephones, televisions and electricity, were promised in 19462 Or to the _person who was still employing such had become ubiquitous and was Dishmaster a decade later that terminology Prime Minister Margaret to transform domestic living still promised to do‘a whole day’e ‘Thatcher cold her mesoage with the further in the coming years. The washing up in just three minutes"? _use of what she calle ‘the parables ‘makeover of British homes in the Rather more clear is the reason why of the parlour’, which suggests she twenticth century is recounted in a 1902 Teasuuade failed w catch vit; _uniderstood the truth that, despite | Ben Highmore's entertaining and “when the alarm clock triggered the the catalogue of changes, there is a informative new book. He takes us switch, a match was struck, lighting core that seems consistent. A 1946 ‘ona whiriwind tour ofan everyday _aspiritstove under the kettle. You edition of Housewife magazine spelt house, from entrance hall to garden don't have to be a health and safety it out:‘men make houses, women shed, illuminated by extensive fanatic to conclude that bedroom make homes’. When you watch 2 reference to ora histories, popular isn't the ideal place for such a gadget. male comedian today doing a routine ‘magazines and personal memoirs, Equally disturbing to the modern about his wife's attachment to scatter Atits centre, though, isthe way reader isthe pro-war obsession with _cushione, it egeme worth acing: hoo | that our homes have reflected wider children getting fresh air. Itwas athe family dynamic really moved a | social changes. There isthe decline of belief so entrenched that even a great deal?” 10 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS READING AND USE OF ENGLISH31 The reviewer's main topic in the first paragraph is ‘A. improvements in home decorating skills. 8 how common it was for home decorating to be discussed how unfair descriptions of home decorating used to be. D_acchange in attitudes to home decorating. 432 Inthe second paragraph, the re\ ‘A. thet some British people's homes were transformed more than others, the widespread nature of changes that took place in British homes. the perceived disadvantages of certain developments in British homes. D that the roles of certain people in British homes changed enormously. 33 In the third paragraph, the reviewer points to a change in A the extent to which different parts of the house are occupied. 8 ideas of which parts of a house should be furnished in a formal way. Chow much time children spend in their own rooms. beliefs about what the most pleasant aspect of home life is. 34 The reviewer suggests in the fourth paragraph that |. most unsuccessful inventions failed because they were dangerous. 8 various unsuccesstul inventions tailed because they did not work proper'y. some unsuccessful inventions were not advertised appropriately. D there were unsuccessful inventions which miaht have been qood ideas. 35 In the fifth paragraph, the reviewer says that in his book, Highmore |A. sometimes focuses on strange ideas that were not very common in the past. 8 occasionally applies the standards of today to practices in the past. occasionally expresses regret about how some attitudes have changed D_ sometimes includes topics that are not directly relevant to the main topic. 36 In the final paragraph, the reviewer suggests that Highmore may be wrong about ‘A. when certain modern attitudes to home life frst developed 8. which changes in home life in Britain have been most widely welcomed. the extent to which home life in Britain has changed. D_ how common terms such as ‘airing cupboards’ are in moder Britain. ‘CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS READING AND USE OFENGLISH 11 wer says that the book includes evidence illustrating CePART 6 You are going to read four reviews of a documentary series on TV about large companies. For questions 37-40, choose from the reviews A-D. The reviews may be chosen more than once. Mark your answerson the separate answer sleet. Inside Business Four reviewers comment on the TV documentary series Inside Business, which investigated the workings of a number of large companies A ‘The companies that were the focus of each programme in the series Inside Business were very diverse in terms of the nature of ther business and the way they operated, but between them they demonstrated many ofthe key features that characterize big organizations in the modern world. Each programme focused mostly on the people atthe top. The amount of jargon they used is likely to have been too much for many viewers to contend with, and they may well have siven up. If they did stick with the series, however, they will have been left in no doubt as to how complex the business of running large organizations is for those charged with doing so, This was clear front what the interviewees said, but ‘the quostioning wae not probing enough, and they were not asked to explain ox justify te smexping satemness Ley made. B ‘The overwhelming impression given to any viewer who watched all six episodes of inside Business was of the extraordinary pressure that those running modem companies are obliged to operate under. Unless they themselves had experience of working in large companies, however, they are likely to have found some of the interviews bewildering - ‘the questioning was very much of the ‘one insider to another' variety and many viewers wil have struggled to follow ‘what was being discussed. This aspect detracted somewhat from what was an otherwise compelling insight into the ‘Workings of modem companies and may well have caused many viewers to change channels. That's a shame because in sgoneral the companies featured in the series illustrated very well the impact of modern management theories on a range of large organizations. e ‘You didn’t need to know anything about business tobe fascinated by the series Inside Business, which gave an intriguing picture from the inside of how various household name companies actually operate. The companies chosen ‘made for good television because they all had very individual cultures and ways of operating, and as such could not be said to typify the norm in the world of the modem company Entertaining as this was, the portrayal ofthe firms begged all sorts of questions which were not touched on in the interviews. These gave the people in charge a very easy ride indeed, never challenging them to back up ther often vague and contentious pronouncements on theit approach to leadership, Indeed, the viewer will have bee Tet with the surprising feeling that many large and apparently successful organizations are run by people who enjoy their roles enormously because they avoid the harder aspects of responsibility by delegating them to others. D ‘The series Inside Business took a serious look at day-to-day life in a modem large company and it wasn't for the casual viewer. The series required some effort to get to grips with the issues covered, in particular in the interviews, which were not really accessible to the lay person and were instead conducted as one expert to another. Having said that, the viewer who did put the effort in was rewarded with an absorbing insight into the workings of these well-known firms. They hhad each been carefully chosen to be representative of how large companies are structured and function at present, and they had much in common with each other. The main message put across was how adept those in charge have to be in adapting to a constantly changing business world Cs 12 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS READING AND USE OF ENGLISHWhich reviewer has a different opinion from the others on the choice of companies to focus on in the series? shares reviewer B's opinion of the likelihood of viewers losing interest in the series after a while? takes a different view from the others on the impression given in the series of what its ike to he at the top of a large arganizatinn? hasa 9 view to reviewer C on the questions asked in the interviews in the series? 40} wy (CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS READING AND USE OF ENGLISH 13,PART7 You are going to read a newspaper article about a ship carrying goods across the Atlantic ‘ocean. Six paragraphs have been removed from the article. Choose from the paragraphs A~G the one which fits each gap (41-46). There is one extra paragraph which you do not need to use. ‘Mark your answers on tle sepurute uniswer sheet. The wind-lashed workers who battle the Atlantic in winter Even at this stormy time of year in Britain, there are thousands of oil workers and fishermen offshore, as well as a scattering of seafarers ‘manning the container ships and tankers that bring us almost everything we need. So it was that in the depths of bitter winter, hoping to learn what modern sailors’ ives are like, I joined the Maersk Pembroke, a container freighter, on her regular run from Europe to Montreal. She looked 0 dreadful when I found her in Antwerp that I hoped I hiad the wrong ship. yg ] ‘Trade between Europe and North America is a footnote to the reat west-east and north-south runs: companies leave it to older vessels. Pembroke is battered and rusty, reeking of diesel and fishy chemicals. She is noisy, her bridge and stairwells patrolled by whistling drafts which rise to howls at sea. Her paintwork is ‘wretched. The Atlantic has stripped her bow back to a rusted steel sna. It felt like a desperate enterprise con a winter night, as the tide raced us down the Scheldt estuary and spat us out into the North Sea. According to the weather satellites, the Atlantic was storms from coast {0 coast, two systems meeting in the middle of our course, On the far side, ice awaited, We were behind schedule, the captain desperate for speed. ‘Six-metre waves are OK; any bigger you have to slow down or you kill your ship; hie said, ‘Maybe we'll be tuck a wh, we were in the dst of those feared storms. A nightmare in darkness, a north Atlantic storm is like a wild dean by day, a region of racing clements and livid colour, bursting turquois foam, violent sunlight, and darkening magenta waves. There is little you can do once committed except lash everything down and enjoy what sleep you can before it Ihecames impossible. Pembrobe is more than 200m long and weighs more than 38,000 tons, but the swells threw her about toy. gq When they hit us squarely, the ‘whole ship reared, groaning and staggering, shuddered by shocking force. We plunged and tottered for three days hefore there was a 14 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS READING AND USE OF ENGLISH Tull. But even then, an ordinary day involved unpleasant jobs in extreme conditions. [joined a welding party that descended to the hold: a dripping, ting cathedral composed of vast tanks of toxins and organophosphates, where a rusted hatch cover defied 1 cheap grinder blade in a fountain ‘of sparks. As we continued west, the wind thickened with sleet, then snow as the next storm arrived. go All was well in that regard and, after the storms, we were relieved tu eater due St Lawrence River ‘The ice was not thick enough to hinder us; we passed Quebec City in a glittering blue dawn and made Montreal after sunset, its downtown towers rising out of the tundra night, Huge trucks came for a I But without them and their combined defiance of the elements there could be nothing like what vee call ‘life! at all. Seafarers ate not sentimental, but some are quite romantic. They would like to think we thought of them, particularly when the forecast says storms at seaOthers felt the same. We were ‘the only idiots out here’, as several men remarked, We felt our isolation ike vulnerability; proof that we had chosen obscure, quixotic ives. Going out on deck in such conditions einpted deat Never rele, tie ships electrician climbed a ladder out there every four hours to check that the milk, cheese and well-travelled Argentine beef we carried were still frozen in refrigerated containers But it does not take long to develop affection for a ship, even the Pembroke — the time it takes her to carry you beyond swimming distance from land. in fact. When | learnt what was waiting for us mid-ocean | became her ardent fan, Ucspite all those defitienies. There were Dutch bulbs. seaweed fertilizer from Tanzania, ranian dates for Colombia, Sri Lankan tea bags, Polish glue, Hungarian tyres, Indian seeds, and much besides. The sailors are not told what they carry. They just keep the ships going. Hoping so, we slipped down-Channel in darkness, with the Dover coastguard wishing us, "Good watch, and a safe passage to your destination. The following evening we left the light of Bishop Rock on the Scilly Isies behind. ‘When we see that again we know we're home! said the second mate. F Huge black monsters marched at us out of the north west, striped with white streaks of foam running out of Ihe ints moth The ean eed la inall directions at once and the waves bvecame enormous, charging giants oF liquid enero eas ean it ow reckoning G That feeling must have been obvious to the Captain ‘She's been all over the world,’ proud Captain Koop, a grey-bristled Dutchman, as quick and confident as a Master Mariner must be, told me. ‘She was designed for the South Pacific,’ he said, wistfully. CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS READING AND USE OF ENGLISH 15PARTS You are going to read an article about some children. For questions 4756, choose from the sections of the article (A~£). The sections may be chosen more than once. When more than ‘one answer is required, these may be given in any order. ‘Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet. In which section of the article are the following mentioned? an example of a sign that has become simpler the difference between how the deaf children communicate an image and how other people communicate the same image the fact that the same signs can be used in the communication of a number of ideas the characteristics of language development general at different stages of their a belief that language is learnt by means of a specific part of the mind an aspect of language learning that children are particularly qood at Ca CS +) Oa Ca Ca Cs how regularly the children have been monitored older children passing their sign language on to younger children the reason why the children created a particular sign ‘opposing views on how people acquire language 15 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS READING AND USE OF ENGLISHDEAF CHILDREN’S AD HOC LANGUAGE EVOLVES AND INSTRUCTS ‘A.A deep insight into the way the ‘They sign a circle forthe rolling point was not a complex language ‘brain eams language has emerged motion and then a straight line for but ordinary gestures. From this from the study of Nicaraguan, the direction of movement This raw material, the deaf children sign language, invented by deat requires more signing, but the two appear to be spontaneously children in a Nicaraguan school as signs can be used in combination _ fabricating the elements of ‘ameans of communicating among with others to express different language. ‘themselves. The Nicaraguan concepts. The development is D Linguists have been engaged children are wellinown to of interest to linguists because in a longstanding argument as linguists because they provide it captures a principal quality ‘to whether there is an innate, ‘an apparently unique example ‘of human language - discrete specialized neural machinery of people inventing lengwnge lemonts usable in diferent for learning language. as, from scratch. The phenomenon combinations - in contrast to the _proposed by Noam Chomsky of started ata school for special cone sound, one meaning of animal _the Massachusetts Insitute of education founded in 1977. communication. "The regularity ‘Technology, or whether everything Instructors noticed that the deat _she documents here ~ mapping is Jearned from scratch. Dr. children, while absorbing little diserete aspects of the world onto _Senghas says her finding supports from their Spanish lessons, had discrete word choices - is one of the view that language learning developed a system of signs for the most distinctive properties of is innate, not purely cultural, falling tone another Ax one Juman language.’ said Dr. Steven _ since the Nicaraguan children's generation of children taught the Pinker, a cognitive scientist at disaggregation of gestures appears system to the next, it evolved Harvard University. to be spontaneous. Her result also from a set of gestures into a When people with nocommon upholds the idea that children play far more sophisticated form of language are thrown into contact, _an important part in converting ‘communication, and today’s 800 _they often develop an ad hoc a pidgin into a creole. Because users ofthe language provide language known to linguists as a children’s minds ate primed to a living history ofthe stages of pidgin language, usually derived Jeam the rules of grammar, it formation. from one of the parent languages. _is thought, they spontaneously B Thechildren have been studied ——_Pidgins are rudimentary systems —_impose grammatical structure on @ principally by Dr. Judy Kegi, with minimal grammar and pidgin that doesn't have one. ‘linguist atthe University of utterances, Butin a generation or ‘The Nicaraguan children are Souther Maine, and Dr. Ann ‘two, the pidgins acquire grammar a living laboratory of language Senghas, a cognitive scientist ‘and become upgraded to what ‘generation, Dr. Senghas, who has at Columbia University in New linguists cal ceoles. Though many been visiting their school every ‘York City. In the latest study, new languages have been created —_yearsince 1990, said she had published in Science magazine. Dr. _by the pidgin-creole route, the noticed how the signs for numbers Senghas shows that the younger [Nicaraguan situation is unique, Dr. have developed. Originally the children have now decomposed Senghas said, because its starting children represented '20' by certain geatures into flicking the fingers of both smaller component signs. hhands in the air twice. But A hearing person asked this cumbersome sign has to mime a standard story been replaced witha form about a cat waddling down that can now be signed with street will make a single one hand. The children gesture, a downward spiral ‘motion of the hand. But ‘the deaf children have developed two different signs to use in its place, don't care that the new sign doesn't look like 820, Dr. Senghas ssid; they just want a symbol that can be signed fast CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS READING AND USE OF ENGLISH 47Writing (hour 30 minutes) PART 1. You must answer this question. Write your answer in 220-260 words in an appropriate style. 41 Your class has attended a panel discussion on the subject of TV shows that feature members ‘of the public, such as reality TV sliuws aiid Lalerit wompetitions. You have made the nores below. BB | Aspects of reality and talent TV shows * entertainment for viewers ‘+ influence on young people + effect on participants ‘Some opinions expressed in the discussion “These programmes are just harmless entertainment and there is nothing wrong with them. “The influence these programmes can have on young people can be very bad indeed. People who take part in these programmes can be damaged by the experience.” | Write an essay for your tutor discussing two of the aspects in your notes. You should explain which aspect you think is the most important regarding these TV shows and provide reasons to support your opinion. You may, if you wish, make use uf Une upinions expressed In the dlscussion, but you shoula Use your own words as far as possible. 48 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS WAITINGPART 2 Write an answer to one of the questions 2-4 in this part. Write your answer in 220-260 words in an appropriate style. 2 You see the following announcement in an international magazine. PRODUCT REVIEWS WANTED Have you bought a new product recently, or had one bought for you? Maybe you've just got a new gadget or piece of technology or equipment. It could be ‘something for work or leisure. We'd like to hear what you think of it for our Readers’ Reviews Page. Deseribe the pracct far endlers and give yen apinions ‘nit, Do you recommend it? If so, why? If not, why not? Send your review to the address below. Write your review. 3. You see the following notice in the place where you work or study. ANNIVERSARY EVENT PROPOSALS ‘As you may know, next year we will have been in existence for 20 years, and at a recent ‘meeting it was decided that we should hold a special event to celebrate this achievement. ‘We're now looking for proposals as to what kind of event to hold. Have you got a good idea for a special event to celebrate our 20th anniversary? Put together a proposal, giving details of ‘your idea and how the event could be organized. We'll consider all the proposals at a meeting next month. Write your proposal, 4. Your company i going to make a video for publicity reasons, showing what the campany does and the people who work there. Your manager has asked you to write a letter to all members of staff telling them about plans for this video. Your letter should explai ‘= why the video is going to be made ‘= what the video will contain ‘= what statt members willbe asked to do. Write your letter. CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS WAITING 19Test. Listening (40 minutes) PARTI. You will hear three different extracts. For questions 1~6, choose the answer (A, 8 or C) which fits best according to what you hear: There are two questions for each extract. Extract One You hear two people talking about public speaking, 1. Both speakers refer to a feeling of A. over-confidence. B_ embarrassment. Le © achievement: 2 The two speakers agree that a big problem with speaking in public is A osing the audience’ attention during a speech, choosing the wrong content for a speech, Ca feeling nervous at the thought of giving a speech Extract Two You hear part of a radio programme about the London Underground. 3 The poster campaign came ata time when A various aspects of life in London were changing. a B-many people were reluctant to travel on the Underground. On the use of posters for advertising was increasing, 4 What does Zoe say about the content of the posters? A ttonly appealed to a certain type of person. B It contrasted with rea life for many people It influenced the lifestyles of some people. Extract Three You hear two people discussing the news media. 5. What opinion does the man express about the news media? A. It doesn't deserve its reputation, B Ithas become more influential. CH Its standards have risen 6 Thewoman mention medical tories A. to explain her attitude to the news media. B. toillustrate the importance of the news media, Of C to describe why people dislike the news media, 20. CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS LISTENINGPART2 You will hear part of a talk about the invention of the microwave oven. For questions 714, complete the sentences with a word or short phrase. ‘THE INVENTION OF THE MICROWAVE OVEN The invention of the microwave oven began when a chocolate peanut bar ii in Percy Spencer’ pocket Spencer had previously invented a method for the tubes used in radar equipment. ‘Spencer's first experiment involved putting [ Bl rear to some radar equipment. In his next experiment, an egg was put into a kettle and it CT The first microwave oven was set up in EB in Boston in 1946. The first microwave oven got its name as a result of the company, x One problem with the first microwave oven was that FE cia ‘not change colour in it. When a microwave oven that could be placed on top of a vias produced, sales Leyatt Wo ‘CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS LISTENING 21 re ¢°TESTA. & PART3 You will hear a radio interview with someone who has been having ballet lessons. For questions 15-20, choose the answer (A, 8, C or D) which fits best according to what you hear. 15 What does Rupert say about the fact that he is doing ballet classes? ‘A Other people have ridiculed him fort. B_ He expects to be mocked for it. C [tis not as unusual as people might think D People may think it isnt really true. 46 Rupert cays that before he started doing ballet lessons, ‘A he had been doing routine physical fitness training, B his knowledge of ballet had been growing. 0 C ballet had taken over from football as his greatest interest. u D he had been considering doing ballroom dancing again. 17 Rupert says that when the idea of ballet lessons was suggested to him, ‘A. he thought it was a joke. 8 hewas unsure exactly what would be involved Ca C_he began to have unrealistic expectations of what he could achieve. 1D he initially lacked the confidence to do it. 18 One of the advantages of ballet that Rupert mentions is that ‘A it leads to fewer injuries than other physical activities B ithas both physical and mental effects. oe itis particularly good for certain parts of the body. itis more interesting than other forms of exercise. 419 What dues Rupert say ebuut the sessions? A. The content of them is varied 8 Some of the movements in them are harder than athers for him oa _Allof the movements in them have to be done accurately, D_ They don't all involve basic movements, 20 What does Rupert say about his progress at ballet? ‘A. Ithas been much more rapid than he had expected. 8 Ithas made him consider giving up his other training. Ce C_Ithas given him greater appreciation of the skills of professionals. D thas led him to enrol for certain exams. 22. CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS LISTENINGaouefouue 4 ryasap 4 [_] sateads 44D ss3yeads austaue 6 fue jan [EL vmieeds a EEL] vmye0ds Ele . nb 3 ac Apoow 3 ye Ez] ea4eeds euesnwe o BL] ends soe [E_| 2299205 fyekoy > | 2 09d5 ybney > saqeads ucisryuos g. E_] teereads paouan,.ut Kysea g Augeduks y jeans vy “s4se3 y30q @39]dui0> ysnws NOK UDys) ‘uosiad ays anogo sassaidxa sayvads suosiad aug Jo san say0ads y200 yova Buypaf aya 4 15) 242 woul asooy> ‘0¢-92 suosysenb 404 uonduasap aya })-W3sy aya wesf asooy> ‘2-17 suonsanb 404 oma 9501 U0 ys0 “mouy fay) ajdoad ynogo buyyjor a10 ajdoad yaiym ui s32043x@ UWOYs aAf.109y [IM NOK 23 ‘CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS LISTENING‘TESTI Speaking (15 minutes) PART 1 (2 minutes) = Where do you come from? = What's your job / What are you studying? = How long have you been learning English? |= What do you like most and least about your job / course? ... (Why?) How does a typical day for you start? Would you say that you have an exciting social ite’... (Whye / Why not?) What kind of books do you like most?... (Why?) Do you try to keep fit? so, how? If not, why not? Describe the people that you work. / study with, "= What hobby / hobbies do you have? = What are your aims and ambitions for the future? = What kind of things cause you stress? PART 2 (4 minutes) 1 Characters on TV 2 Things that annoy people Candidate A Candidate B Candidate B Candidate A Look at the three photographs 1A, 18 and 1C on page 25 They show scenes from different TV series. Compare two of the photographs and zay what each series might be about, and what the characters might be like. Candidate A talks on his/her own for! minute. Which of the series would you prefer to watch, and why? Candidate B talks on his/her own for ubuut 30 secunus. Look at the three photographs 2A, 28 and 2C on page 25. They show ‘things that often annoy people. Compare two of the photographs and say why people find these things annoying, and what can be done about them. Candidate 8 talks on his /her own for minute, Which of these things annoys you the most, and why? Candidate A talks on his/her own for about 30 seconds. 24 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS. SPEAKINGPART 2 = What might each TV series be about? = What might the characters be lke? = Why do these things annoy people? = What can be done about them? ‘CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS SPEAKING TisatTESTA PART 3 (4 minutes) and PART 4 (5 minutes) Tourism PARTS Look at page 27, where there are some things that tourists might do before or during atrip | to another country. First, talk to each other about how important itis for tourists to do these things before or during a trip to another country. Candidates A and B discuss this together for about 2 minutes. Now decide which of these things is the most important for tourists to do. Candidates A and 8 discuss this together for about 1 minute. i PART 4 What changes have taken place in tourism in recent times? ‘Some people say that tourism does more harm than good, Do you agree? Which people benefit the most and the least from modern tourism? What isthe difference between ‘tourists’ and ‘travellers? Do you think its better to be one than the other? (Why? / Why not?) Some people say that because of tourism, countries all over the world are becoming more similar to each other? Do you agree? Is this @ desirable development? ‘= What developments do you think there will be in tourism in the future? 26 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS SPEAKINGHow important is it for tourists to do these things before or eee elas y during a trip to another Ba country? y learn some of the language know about the have a plan tor meetlocal every day of the see the people | *e tamous sights ‘CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS SPEAKING 27