ENGLISH LANGUAGE

DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH

NAME : JULIA SARAH MONIKA

ID : 173112540120064

CLASS : C1

THE FACULTY OF HEALTH SCIENCES – MIDWIFERY EDUCATOR

NATIONAL UNIVERSITY

JAKARTA

2017
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

TABLE OF CONTENTS................................................................................................................................ i
PREFACE ................................................................................................................................................... i
CHAPTER I
FOREWORD ............................................................................................................................................. 2
1.1 BACKGROUND .......................................................................................................................... 2
1.2 Problem Formula .......................................................................................................................... 2
CHAPTER II
STUDY ...................................................................................................................................................... 3
2.1 DIRECT SPEECH ........................................................................................................................ 3
2.2 INDIRECT SPEECH .................................................................................................................... 4
CHAPTER III
COVER ..................................................................................................................................................... 7
3.1 CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................................ 7
BIBLIOGRAPHY

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 PREFACE

Praise the presence of God Almighty for all his grace so that this paper can be
arranged to complete. This paper called for Direct and Indirect Speech. This paper proposed
to meet the task of English languange.

Our best wishes and hope this paper can add to knowledge and experience for the
readers, For the future, can improve the form or add the contents of the paper in order to get
better again. Our best wishes and hope this paper can add to knowledge and experience for
the readers, For the future, can improve the form or add the contents of the paper in order to
get better again.

Because of lack of knowledge or experience. We believe there are still many

shortcomings in this paper, therefore I strongly expect the suggestions and criticisms that
builds from the reader for the sake of perfection of this paper.

Jakarta, 08 November 2017

Writers

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 1 CHAPTER I

1 FOREWORD

1.1 BACKGROUND
Direct speech is a talk that is heard direct of speaking person. Direct speech repeats, or
quotes, the exact words spoken. When we use direct speech in writing, we place the words
spoken between quotation marks (" ") and there is no change in these words. We may be
reporting something that's being said NOW (for example a telephone conversation), or telling
someone later about a previous conversation.

Indirect speech is an indirect talk is heard from speaking person but then was taken over
others to be passed on or is reported to third person with utterance that don't similar or same
but then fathom a meaning and its aim make a abode same and unchanged.

1.2 Problem Formula

a. What do intended with direct and indirect speech?

b. Any kind sought for characteristic direct speech and indirect speech?

c. How changes tenses in direct goes to indirect speech?

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 1 CHAPTER II

2 STUDY

2.1 DIRECT SPEECH

Direct speech is the direct words spoken speaker. When we cite or directly mimicking
the same what was said without changing the wording at all, then it is called a direct quote
excerpts or sentences directly. Direct speech shows a person’s exact words. Quotation marks
(“….”) are a sign that the words are the exact words that a person used.

Direct sentences consisting of 2 (two) parts, namely:

 Reporting verb = reporting verb

 Reported words = words are reported.

Here are examples of its use in a sentence:

 Ekky says, “I go to campus everyday”.

 Ekky said, "I go to campus everyday”.

In the example above sentence into its reporting verb is “Ekky says”, be reported while his
words are “I go to campus everyday”.

There are several things that must be considered in the form of direct speech, namely:

a) In a generally straight line between the forms of direct speech ported words separated
by commas (,). Reported directly written words in a sentence in quotes (quotation
marks).

b) Reporting can also be called a reporting verb sentence, while the words may be
referred reported reported reported speech or sentence.

The location of the reporting verb does not have to be at the beginning of the sentence, but
also the end of the reporting verb is in the sentence. Consider the following example
sentences:

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  He said, “I am happy”.

“I am happy”, he said.

 Ekky said, “I don’t like durian”.

“I don’t like durian”, said Ekky.

If the active sentence the subject is a personal pronoun (personal pronouns) eg: he,
she, it, etc, then when placed in the back. The subject is placed after his reported words (eg,
first sentence) without changing its form and composition.

If the active sentence the subject is proper noun (Proper Noun) Ekky example, Arya,
Jose Mourinho, etc, then when placed in the back, the subject is located at the end of a
sentence (second sentence example) without changing its form.

2.2 INDIRECT SPEECH

Indirect speech is spoken sentences to convey statement of one person to another.
When we tell what someone says with the same purpose, but the composition and the words
are not the same or there is a change, then the sentence is a sentence called indirect (Indirect
Speech)

Here are examples of its use in a sentence:

D : She says, “I’m very good in English”.

She said, "I am very proficient in the English language".

I : She says that he is very good in English.

He said that he is very proficient in English.

From both these examples, the Direct Speech (D) and Indirect Speech (I) you can clearly see
the difference.

There are several things that must be considered in the indirect sentence, namely:

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 1. In a sentence indirect, between the reporting verb and reported Wordnya connected by
conjunctions.

2. In the words of indirect quotation marks are not considered.

Based on the reported types of sentences, the direct and indirect speech can be
divided into three categories, namely:

a) Command and Request

b) Statement

c) Question

For more details will be discussed one by one below.

a. Statement

Generally direct statetment using verbs (say, tell, said, told, etc.). While the
indirect statement, said that (that) is used as a conduit between the introductory sentence
(he said, she said to me, he told me, she says, etc) and the words that were
reported. Example:

D : He said, “I have seen the movie”.

I : He said that he had seen the movie.

b. Command (kalimat perintah)

1) Positive Command

Direct (Verb 1)

“Come in, please.” Said dony

Indirect (To + Verb 1)

Dony said her to come in.

c. Negative Command

Direct (Don’t + Verb 1)

“Don’t open the door!.”

Indirect (Not + to +Verb 1)

He told me not to open the door.

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d. Question/ Interrogative (pertanyaan)

Yes, No Question

Questions beginning words like is, am, are, was, were, do, does, did, has, have,
had, etc. In a Yes/No Question, Indirect Speech starts with the if/wheter.

· Present tense - Past tense

Direct : “Are you sail today?.”

Indirect: Diana asked me, wheter sailed that day.

· Past tense – Past perfect tense

Direct : “can you drove this motorcycle?.”

Indirect: Shanty asked wheter I could driven to motorcycle.

b. Question word.

Questions beginning with the what, why, where, who, when, how (5W1H)

· Present tense – Past tense

Direct : “where does margaret live?.”

Indirect : Diana wanted to know where Margaret lived.

· Past tense - Past perfect tense

Direct : “who opened the seminar yesterday?.”

Indirect : He wanted to know who had opened seminar the day before.

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 3 CHAPTER III

3 COVER

3.1 CONCLUSION
Direct speech is the direct words spoken speaker. When we cite or directly mimicking
the same what was said without changing the wording at all, then it is called a direct quote
excerpts or sentences directly. Direct speech shows a person’s exact words. Quotation marks
(“….”) are a sign that the words are the exact words that a person used.

Indirect speech is spoken sentences to convey statement of one person to another.

When we tell what someone says with the same purpose, but the composition and the words
are not the same or there is a change, then the sentence is a sentence called indirect (Indirect
Speech)

Quoted speech is called also with direct speech (phrase), direct speech/quoted speech is
used to deliver the speech of a person by way of repeated utterance or speech the speaker is.
Direct quote in direct speech is always flanked by two quotation marks () at the start with
sign (,). Reported speech, also called indirect speech (indirect sentence), reported speech is
used to convey a greeting someone with exactly the same meaning without repeating the
words of the speaker with the right. In indirect speech we often use the word liaison that as
well as change the pronouns, tense, and other words if necessary.

Direct and indirect speech is used to tell or retell what someone is saying to other
people. In Direct Speech (Phrase) we reiterate exactly what someone is saying or what we
heard with no change nor one.

Example:

- My friend said: “I have lost my money”. (Direct speech)

- My friend said that he had lost his money. (Indirect Speech)

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 BIBLIOGRAPHY
Drs. Rudy Hariyono, Andrew Mc. Carthy (2008). ABC Plus English Grammar Complete
Edition. GITAMEDIA PRESS: Surabaya.

http://ekkyarya.blogspot.co.id/2014/05/binggris-direct-and-indirect-speech.html

Simanjuntak, Herpinus. 2005. Bahasa Inggris Sistem 52M jilid 2. visipro:Jakarta

https://alfiarahmistai27.blogspot.co.id/2015/05/makalah-bahasa-inggris.html

Wicaksono, Andre, The New Complete English Grammar,Pustaka Ilmu, Jakarta,2010

http://khairunnisasapat.blogspot.co.id/2016/03/makalah-direct-and-indirect-speech.html