Abdul Qadir Gilani

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ʿAbd al-Qādir al-Jīlānī

Venerated in All of Sunni Islam, but particularly in

the Hanbali school (Salafi Sunnis honor rather

than venerate him).

Major shrine Tomb of ʿAbd al-Qādir al-Jīlānī, Baghdad, Iraq

Major works al-Ḡonya le ṭālebī ṭarīq al-ḥaqq

Fotūḥ al-ḡayb

ʿAbd al-Qādir al-Gīlānī

Title Shaykh al-Islam

Born 17 March 1078 CE

(1 Ramadan, 470 AH)

Gilan Province, present-day Iran

Died 21 February 1166 CE

(11 Rabi' al-thani, 561 AH)

Baghdad, Iraq

Resting place Baghdad, Iraq

Era Medieval era

 Region Baghdad

Religion Islam

Denomination Sunni

Jurisprudence Hanbali[1][2]

Creed Ash'ari

Main interest(s) Fiqh, Sufism, Aqida

Sufi order Qadiriyya (founder)

Muḥyī-al-Dīn Abū Muḥammad b. Abū Sāleh ʿAbd al-Qādir al-Gīlānī (Persian: ‫عبدالقادر‬
‫گیالنی‬, Arabic: ‫عبدالقادر الجیالني‬, Turkish: Abdülkâdir Geylânî, Kurdish: Evdilqadirê Geylanî, Sorani
Kurdish: ‫)عهبدوالقادری گهیالنی‬,[3] known as ʿAbd al-Qādir al-Jīlānī for short or reverently as Shaykh
ʿAbd al-Qādir al-Jīlānī by Sunni Muslims, was a
notable Sunni Hanbali preacher, orator, ascetic, mystic, jurist, and theologian[3] who became
famous for being the eponymous founder of the Qadiriyya spiritual order of Sunni Sufism.[3]
Born 29 Shaban 470 AH (around 1077) in the town of Na'if, district of Gilan-e
Gharb, Gilan, Iran[4][nb 1][5] and died Monday, February 14, 1166 (11 Rabi' al-thani 561 AH),
in Baghdad,[6] (1077–1166 CE), was a Persian[4] Hanbali Sunni[1][2] jurist and sufi based in
Baghdad. The Qadiriyya tariqa (Sufi order) is named after him.[7]

Contents
[hide]

 1Name
o 1.1Paternal heritage
 2Education
o 2.1Education in Baghdad
 3Later life
 4Death and burial
 5Birthday & Death Anniversary celebration
 6Books
 7See also
 8Bibliography
 9Notes
 10References
 11External links

Name[edit]
Gilani is granted the title Sayyid to indicate his descent from Muhammad.[8] The
name Muhiyudin describes him as a "reviver of religion".[9] Gilan (Arabic al-Jilani) refers to his
place of birth, Gilan.[10][11] However, Gilani also carried the epithet Baghdadi.[12][13][14]referring to his
residence and burial in Baghdad. He is also called al-Hasani wa'l-Husayni, which indicates a
claim to lineal descent from both Hasan ibn Ali and Husayn ibn Ali, the sons of Ali and grandsons
of Muhammad.[15][16]
Paternal heritage[edit]
Gilani's father was from Sayyid lineage.[17][18] He was respected as a saint by the people of his
day, and was known as Jangi Dost "who loves God", thus "Jangidost" was his sobriquet.[19][20][21]

Education[edit]
Gilani spent his early life in Gilan, the town of his birth. In 1095, at the age of eighteen years, he
went to Baghdad. There, he pursued the study of Hanbali law [22] under Abu Saeed Mubarak
Makhzoomi and ibn Aqil.[23] He was given lessons on Hadith by Abu Muhammad Ja'far al-
Sarraj.[23] His Sufi spiritual instructor was Abu'l-Khair Hammad ibn Muslim al-Dabbas.[24] (A
detailed description of his various teachers and subjects are included below). After completing
his education, Gilani left Baghdad. He spent twenty-five years as a reclusive wanderer in the
desert regions of Iraq.[25]
Education in Baghdad[edit]
At the age of 18, Gilani went to Baghdad to study the Hanbali school of fiqh.

Subject Shaykh (Teacher)

Fiqh (Islamic Jurisprudence) Ibn Aqil

Fiqh (Islamic Jurisprudence) Abu Al Hasan Muhammad ibn Qazi Abu Yali

Fiqh (Islamic Jurisprudence) Abu Al Khatab Mahfuz Hanbali

Fiqh (Islamic Jurisprudence) Muhammad ibn Al Husnayn

Fiqh (Islamic Jurisprudence) Abu Saeed Mubarak Makhzoomi

Abu Saeed Mubarak Makhzoomi

Tasawwuf (Sufism)
Abu'l-Khair Hammad ibn Muslim al-Dabbas
Abu Zakariay ibn Yahya ibn Ali Al Tabrezi

Hadith Abu Bakr ibn Muzaffar

Muhammad Ibn Al Hasan Baqalai Abu Sayeed

Hadith
Muhammad ibn Abdul Kareem

Hadith Abu Al Ghanaem Muhammad Ibn Muhammad Ali Ibn Maymoon Al Farsi
 Hadith Abu Bakr Ahmad Ibn Al Muzaffar

Hadith Abu Jafer Ibn Ahmad Ibn Al Hussain Al Qari

Hadith Abu Al Qasim Ali Ibn Muhammad Ibn Banaan Al Karkhi

Hadith Abu Talib Abdul Qadri Ibn Muhammad Yusuf

Hadith Abdul Rahman Ibn Ahmad Abu Al Barkat Hibtaallah Ibn Al Mubarak

Hadith Abu Al Nasr Ibn Il Mukhtar

Hadith Abu Nasr Muhammad

Hadith Abu Ghalib Ahmad

Hadith Abu Abdullah Aulad Ali Al Bana

Hadith Abu Al Hasan Al Mubarak Ibn Al Teyvari

Hadith Abu Mansur Abdurahman Al Taqrar

[26]

Later life[edit]
In 1127, Gilani returned to Baghdad and began to preach to the public.[5] He joined the teaching
staff of the school belonging to his own teacher, al-Mazkhzoomi, and was popular with students.
In the morning he taught hadith and tafsir, and in the afternoon he held discourse on the science
of the heart and the virtues of the Quran. He was said to have been a convincing preacher and
converted numerous Jews and Christians. His strength came in the reconciling of the mystical
nature of Sufism and strict nature of the Quran.[5]

Death and burial[edit]

Sheikh Abdul Qadir Gilani Mosquein Baghdad 1925

Gilani died in the evening of Tuesday, February 21, 1166 (11th Rabi' al-thani 561 AH) at the age
of ninety one years according to the Islamic calendar.[6] His body was entombed in a shrine within
his madrasa in Babul-Sheikh, Rusafa on the east bank of the Tigris in Baghdad,
Iraq.[27][28][29] During the reign of the Safavid Shah Ismail I, Gilani's shrine was
destroyed.[30] However, in 1535, the Ottoman Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent had
a turba (dome) built over the shrine, which exists to this day.[31]

Birthday & Death Anniversary celebration[edit]

1 Ramadan is celebrated as the birthday of Abdul Qadir Gilani while the death anniversary is on
11 Rabi us Thani. The later is called in the Subcontinent as Giyarwee Shareef or Honoured Day
of 11th.[32]
Tomb Of Sheikh Abdul Qadir, Baghdad, Iraq.

Books[edit]
 Kitab Sirr al-Asrar wa Mazhar al-Anwar[33] (The Book of the Secret of Secrets and the
Manifestation of Light)

See also[edit]
 Jilala
 Moinuddin Chishti

Bibliography[edit]
 Sayings of Shaikh Abd al-Qadir al-Jīlānī Malfūzāt, Holland, Muhtar (translator). S. Abdul
Majeed & Co, Kuala Lumpur (1994) ISBN 1-882216-03-2.
 Fifteen letters, khamsata ashara maktūban / Shaikh Abd Al-Qādir Al-Jīlānī. Translated from
Persian to Arabic by Alī usāmu D ́ -Dīn Al-Muttaqī. Translated from Arabic into English by
Muhtar Holland.
 Kamsata ašara maktūban. First edition. ʿAlāʾ al-Dīn, ʿAlī B., ʿAbd al-Malik al- Muttaqī al-Hindī
(about 1480–1567) and Muhtar Holland (1935–). Al-Baz publications, Hollywood, Florida.
(1997) ISBN 1-882216-16-4.
 Jalā Al-Khawātir: a collection of forty-five discourses of Shaikh Abd Al-Qādir Al-Jīlānī, the
removal of cares. Chapter 23, pg 308. Jalā al-Khawātir, Holland, Muhtar (1935–) (translator).
Al-Baz publications, Fort Lauderdale, Florida. (1997) ISBN 1-882216-13-X.
 The sultan of the saints: mystical life and teachings of Shaikh Syed Abdul Qadir Jilani /
Muhammad Riaz Qadiri Qadiri, Muhammad Riyaz. Gujranwala, Abbasi publications.
(2000) ISBN 969-8510-16-8.
 The sublime revelation: al-Fath ar-Rabbānī, a collection of sixty-two discourses / Abd al-
Qādir al- Jīlānī, Second edition. al-Rabbānī, al-Fath. Al-Baz publications, Fort Lauderdale,
Florida. (1998). ISBN 1-882216-02-4.
 Al-Ghunya li-talibi tariq al-haqq wa al-din, (Sufficient provision for seekers of the path of truth
and religion), Parts one and two in Arabic. Al-Qadir, Abd, Al-Gaylani. Dar Al-Hurya,
Baghdad, Iraq, (1988).
 Al-Ghunya li-talibi tariq al-haqq wa al-din, (Sufficient provision for seekers of the path of truth
and religion.) in Arabic. Introduced by Al-Kilani, Majid Irsan. Dar Al-Khair, Damascus, Bairut,
(2005).
 Encyclopædia Iranica, Bibliotheca Persica PresS, ISBN 1-56859-050-4.

Notes[edit]
1. Jump up^ There is uncertainty as to the year of his birth; some sources say 1077, others 1078.
References[edit]
1. ^ Jump up to:a b John Renard, The A to Z of Sufism. p 142. ISBN 081086343X
2. ^ Jump up to:a b Juan Eduardo Campo, Encyclopedia of Islam, p. 288. ISBN 1438126964
3. ^ Jump up to:a b c B. Lawrence, “'Abd-Al-Qader Jilani,” Encyclopædia Iranica, I/2, pp. 132-133
4. ^ Jump up to:a b W. Braune, Abd al-Kadir al-Djilani, The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Vol. I, ed. H.A.R
Gibb, J.H.Kramers, E. Levi-Provencal, J. Schacht, (Brill, 1986), 69;".. all authorities are unanimous
in stating that he was a Persian from Nayf (Nif) in Djilan, south of the Caspian Sea."
5. ^ Jump up to:a b c "'Abd al-Qadir al-Jilani". Encyclopædia Britannica. I: A-Ak – Bayes (15th ed.). Chicago,
Illinois: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. 2010. p. 16. ISBN 978-1-59339-837-8.
6. ^ Jump up to:a b The works of Shaykh Umar Eli of Somalia of al-Tariqat al-Qadiriyyah.
7. Jump up^ "Sufism, Sufis, and Sufi Orders: Sufism's Many Paths". islam.uga.edu. Retrieved 2017-
07-21.
8. Jump up^ Abun-Nasr, Jamil M. (2007-01-01). Muslim Communities of Grace: The Sufi Brotherhoods
in Islamic Religious Life. Columbia University Press. p. 94. ISBN 9780231143301.
9. Jump up^ Mihr-e-munīr: biography of Hadrat Syed Pīr Meher Alī Shāh pg 21, Muhammad Fādil
Khān, Faid Ahmad. Sajjadah Nashinan of Golra Sharif, Islamabad (1998).
10. Jump up^ Encyclopaedia of religion and ethics: volume 1. (A – Art). Part 1. (A – Algonquins) pg
10. Hastings, James and Selbie, John A. Adamant Media corporation. (2001), "and he was
probably of Persian origin."
11. Jump up^ The Sufi orders in Islam, 2nd edition, pg 32. Triingham, J. Spencer and Voll, John O.
Oxford University Press US, (1998), "The Hanafi Qadirriya is also included since 'Abd al-Qadir, of
Persian origin was contemporary of the other two."
12. Jump up^ Devotional Islam and politics in British India: Ahmad Riza Khan Barelwi and his
movement, 1870–1920, pg 144, Sanyal, Usha Oxford University Press US, 19 August
1999. ISBN 0-19-564862-5 ISBN 978-0-19-564862-1.
13. Jump up^ Cultural and religious heritage of India: Islam pg 321. Sharma, Suresh K. (2004)
14. Jump up^ Indo-iranica pg 7. The Iran Society, Calcutta, India. (1985).
15. Jump up^ Biographical encyclopaedia of sufis: central asia and middle east, pg 123, Vol 2. Hanif
N. Sarup and Sons. (2002) ISBN 81-7625-266-2, 9788176252669.
16. Jump up^ The Election of Caliph/Khalifah and World Peace pg 176. Mowla, Khondakar G.
(1998).
17. Jump up^ Historical and political who's who of Afghanistan. p 177. Adamec, Ludwig W. (1975)
18. Jump up^ Qādrī, Muḥammad Riyāz̤ (2000-01-01). The Sultan of the Saints: Mystical Life and
Teaching of Shaikh Syed Abdul Qadir Jilani. Abbasi Pablications. p. 19. ISBN 9789698510169.
19. Jump up^ "Sulook organisation website" (PDF).
20. Jump up^ Mihr-e-munīr: biography of Hadrat Syed Pīr Meher Alī Shāh pg 27, Khān, Muhammad
Fādil and Ahmad, Faid. Sajjadah Nashinan of Golra Sharif, Islamabad. (1997)
21. Jump up^ Encyclopaedia of Sufism, volume 1, Kahn, Masood Ali and Ram, S.
22. Jump up^ Campo, Juan Eduardo (2009-01-01). Encyclopedia of Islam. Infobase Publishing.
p. 4. ISBN 9781438126968.
23. ^ Jump up to:a b Gibb, H.A.R.; Kramers, J.H.; Levi-Provencal, E.; Schacht, J. (1986) [1st. pub.
1960]. Encyclopaedia of Islam (New Edition). Volume I (A-B). Leiden, Netherlands: Brill.
p. 69. ISBN 9004081143.
24. Jump up^ Malise Ruthven, Islam in the World, p 243. ISBN 0195305035
25. Jump up^ Esposito J. L. The Oxford dictionary of Islam. p160. ISBN 0199757267
26. Jump up^ Akbar, pg.11 Al Haqq, Abd. and Ghunyat al-talibeen (Wealth for Seekers) pg. 12 Urdu
version
27. Jump up^ Al-Ghunya li-talibi tariq al-haqq wa al-din (Sufficient provision for seekers of the path of
truth and religion), parts one and two in Arabic, Al-Qadir, Abd and Al-Gilani. Dar Al-Hurya,
Baghdad, Iraq, (1988).
28. Jump up^ Al-Ghunya li-talibi tariq al-haqq wa al-din (Sufficient provision for seekers of the path of
truth and religion) with introduction by Al-Kilani, Majid Irsan. Al-Kilani, Majid, al-Tariqat, 'Ursan,
and al-Qadiriyah, Nash'at
29. Jump up^ "The Qadirya Mausoleum" (PDF).
30. Jump up^ A.A. Duri, Baghdad, The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Vol. I, 903.
31. Jump up^ W. Braune, Abd al-Kadir al-Djilani, The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Vol. I, 70.
32. Jump up^ "Ghousia".
 33. Jump up^ "Sirr-ul-Asrar". www.nafseislam.com. Retrieved 2016-08-04.

External links[edit]
 Revelations of the Unseen Translation of Futuh al-Ghaib, at archive.org.
 Sufficient Provision For Seekers Of The Path Of Truth Translation of parts of Al-Ghunya Li
Talibi Tariq Al-Haqq, at archive.org.
 Openings from the Lord Translation of excerpts from Al-Fath Al-Rabbani, at archive.org.
 Utterances Translation of Malfuzat, at archive.org.

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