Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
2017
SHOP NO-42, 1ST FLOOR, NEAR RAPID FLOUR MILLS, OLD RAJENDER NAGAR, NEW DELHI.
WEBSITE: MATHEMATICSOPTIONAL.COM CONTACT: 8750706262/6363/6464 1
2016
1
1. For that the function f : (0, ) R given by f ( x ) x 2 sin ,0 x Show that there is a differentiable
x
function g : R R that extends f [10 marks]
2. Two sequences { xn } and { yn } are defined inductively by the following:
1 1 1 1 1
x1 , y1 1, xn xn1 yn1 , n 2,3,4,... , n 2,3,4,... and Prove that
2 yn 2 xn yn1
xn1 xn yn yn1 , n 2,3,4,... and deduce that both the sequence converges to the same limtl where
1
l 1. [10 marks]
2
( 1)n1
3. Show that the series conditionally convergent (if you use any theorem (s) to show it then you must
n 1 n 1
give a proof of that theorem(s). [15 marks]
4. Find the relative maximum minimum values of the function f ( x , y) x 4 y4 2x 2 4 xy 2 y2 [15 marks]
5. Let f : R R be a continuous function such lim f ( x ) and lim f ( x ) exist and are finite. Prove that is uniformly
x x
continuous on ¡ [15 marks]
2015
n
6. Test for convergence ( 1)n1 2 [10 Marks]
n 1 n 1
1 1 1
n , n 1 x n
1
7. Is the function f ( x ) Riemann Integrable? If yes, obtain the value of f ( x )dx [15 Marks]
0 x 0 0
nx
8. Test the series of functions 2 2
for uniform convergence [15 Marks]
n 1 1 n x
9. Find the absolute maximum and minimum values of the function f ( x , y ) x 2 3 y2 y over the region
x 2 2 y2 1 [15 Marks]
2014
dx
10. Test the convergence of the improper integral x 1 e
1
2 x
[10 Marks]
0 1 1
2x sin cos , x 0,1
11. Integrate f x dx , ,where f x x x [15 Marks]
1 0 x 0
2013
x2
4 if x 0
14. Let f x 2 Is f Riemann integrable in the interval 1,2 ? Why? Does there exist a function
x 2
2 2 if x 0
g such that g '( x ) f ( x ) ? Justify your answer. [10 Marks]
x 3dx
2
2
compute [10 Marks]
1
2012
1
0, if x
n 1
1 1
18. Let, fn x sin , if x x , Show that fn x converges to a continuous function but not
x n 1 n
1
0, if x .
n
uniformly. [12 Marks]
n
6
19. Show that the series n is convergent [12 Marks]
n 1 1
x y 2
, if x , y 0,0 f f
20. Let f x , y x 2 y2 Show that and exist at (0,0) though f x , y is not continuous
x y
1, if x , y 0,0
at (0,0) . [15 Marks]
23. Give an example of a function f ( x ), that is not Riemann integrable but f ( x ) is Riemann integrable. Justify your
answer [20 Marks]
2011
1
24. Let S (0,1) and f be defined by f ( x ) where 0 x 1 (in R ). Is f uniformly continuous on S ? Justify
x
your answer. [12 Marks]
n
25. Let fn ( x ) nx 1 x , x [0,1] .Examine the uniform convergence of fn ( x ) on [0,1] [15 Marks]
26. Find the shortest distance from the origin (0,0) to the hyperbola x 2 8xy 7 y2 225 [15 Marks]
nx
27. Show that the series for which the sum of first n terms fn ( x ) ,0 x 1 cannot be differentiated
1 n2 x 2
term-by-term at x 0 . What happens at x 0? [15 Marks]
1 1
28. Show that if S( x ) , then its derivative S '( x ) 2x , for all x [20 Marks]
1 nx
3 4 2 2
n 1 n n x n 1 n2 2
2010
n
sin
29. Discuss the convergence of the sequence xn where X n 2 [12 Marks]
8
1 17
30. Define xn by x1 5 and xn 1 4 xn for n 1 Show that the sequence converges to
2
[12 Marks]
2 1
x sin , if x 0
31. Define the function f ( x ) x . Find f '( x ) . Is f '( x ) continuous at x 0? Justify your answer.
0 if x 0
[15 Marks]
x2
32. Consider the series 2 2
. Find the values of x for which it is convergent and also the sum function. Is
n 0 (1 x )
the converse uniform? Justify your answer. [15 Marks]
n
33. Let fn ( x ) x on 1 x 1 for n 1,2.... . Find the limit function. Is the convergence uniform? Justify your
answer. [15 Marks]
2009
Reputed Institute for IAS, IFoS Exams Page 4
34. State Roll’s theorem. Use it to prove that between two roots of ex cos x 1 there will be a root o ex sin x 1
2+10=[12 Marks]
x
1 if x 1
2
x
35. Let f ( x ) 1 if 1 x 2 What are the points of discontinuity of f , if any? What are the points where f is
2
x
1 if 2 x
2
not differentiable, if any? Justify yours answer. [12 Marks]
2
2
1 1.4
2
1.4.7...... 3n 2
36. Show that the series ..... ...... converges [15 Marks]
3 3.6 3.6.9............3n
37. Show that if f : [ a,b] R is a continuous function then f ([ a,b]) [c, d ] form some real numbers c and d,
c d.
[15 Marks]
n2x 2 n2
38. Show that: lim
x 1 n 1 n4
Justify all steps of your answer by quoting the theorems you are using
x4 n 1 n
4
1
[15 Marks]
39. Show that a bounded infinite subset R must have a limit point [15 Marks]
2008
x
40. (i) For x 0, show log 1 x x [6 Marks]
1 x
1 3 1
(ii) Let T , n N 1 , n N 6 , n N . Find derived set T of T . Also find Supremum
n 2n 3n
of T and greatest number of T. [6 Marks]
41. If f : R R is continuous and f ( x y) f ( x ) f ( y ), for all x , y R then show that f ( x ) xf (1) for all x R.
[12 Marks]
x 1.3 2 1.3.5 3
42. Discuss the convergence of the series x x ....., x 0. [15 Marks]
2 2.4 2.4.6
1 1 1
43. Show that the series is equivalent to 1 [15 Marks]
n( n 1) 2 2 2
n 1
44. Let f be a continuous function on [0,1] . Using first Mean Value theorem on Integration, prove that
1
nf ( x )
lim
n 0 1 n 2 2
dx
2
f (0) [15 Marks]
x
45. (i) Prove that the sets A [0,1], B (0,1) are equivalent sets. [6 Marks]
tan x x
(ii) Prove that , x 0, [9 Marks]
x sin x 2
2007
xy
( x , y) (0,0)
46. Show that the function given by f x , y x 2 2 y2 is not continuous at (0,0) but its partial
0 ( x , y) (0,0)
derivatives fx and fy exists at (0,0) [12 Marks]
2006
1
dx
51. Examine the convergence of 1/2
[12 Marks]
0 x (1 x )1/2
1 when x is rational
52. Prove that the function f defined by f ( x ) is nowhere continuous. [12 Marks]
1 when x is irrational
53. A twice differentiable function f is such that f ( a ) f (b) 0 and f (c ) 0 for a c b. Prove that there is at
least one value , a b for which f '' 0. [20 Marks]
x 3 2 y2
, ( x , y) (0,0)
54. Show that the function given by f x , y x 2 y2 (i) is continuous at (0,0) (ii) possesses
0 , ( x , y) (0,0)
partial derivative fx (0,0) and fy (0,0) [20 Marks]
x 2 y2 z 2
55. Find the volume of the ellipsoid 1 [20 Marks]
a 2 b2 c 2
2005
x y z x , y, z
56. If u, v, w are the roots of the equation in and 1, evaluate [12 Marks]
a b c u,v,w
57. Evaluate ln( x y z ) dxdydz The integral being extended over all positive values of x , y, z such that
x y z 1 [12 Marks]
58. If f ' and g ' exist for every x [ a ,b] and if g '( x ) does not vanish anywhere ( a,b), show that there exists c in
f (c ) f ( a ) f '( c )
( a,b) such that [30 Marks]
g (b) g (c ) g '(c )
59. Show that e tt n 1 dt is an improper integral which converges for n 0 [30 Marks]
0
2004
1 1 1
60. Show that the function f ( x ) defined as: f ( x )
n
, n1 x n , n 0,1,2,..... and f (0) 0 is integrable in
2 2 2
1
2
[0,1], although it has an infinite number of points of discontinuity. Show that f ( x )dx [12 Marks]
0 3
x when x is irrational
61. Show that the function f ( x ) defined on by: f ( x ) is continuous only at x 0
x when x is rational
[12 Marks]
b 3
1 x cos5x 1
dx [20 Marks]
2 a 2 x2 2
2003
65. Let a be a positive real number and xn sequence of rational numbers such that lim x n 0 .Show that
n
66. If a continuous function of x satisfies the functional equation f ( x y) f ( x ) f ( y) then show that
f ( x ) x where is a constant. [12 Marks]
c2
67. Show that the maximum value of x 2 y2z 2 subject to condition x 2 y2 z 2 c2 is . Interpret the result
27
[20 Marks]
68. The axes of two equal cylinders intersect at right angles. If a be their radius, then find the volume common to
the cylinder by the method of multiple integrals. [20 Marks]
dx
69. Show that 1 x sin x is divergent
0
2 2
[20 Marks]
2002
70. Prove that the integral x m1e x dx is convergent if and only if m 0. [12 Marks]
0
an
n
71. Find all the positive values of a for which the series n!
converges. [12 Marks]
n 1
sin nx
72. Test uniform convergence of the series , where p 0 [20 Marks]
n 1 np
73. Obtain the maxima and minima of x 2 y2 z 2 yz zx xy subject to condition
x 2 y2 z 2 2x 2 y 6z 9 0 [25 Marks]
74. A solid hemisphere H of radius ' a ' has density depending on the distance R from the center of and is given
by k 2a R where k is a constant. Find the mass of the hemisphere by the method of multiple integrals
[15 Marks]
2001
/2
xn
75. Show that sinm x
dx exists if and only if m n 1 [12 Marks]
0
a1 a2 ...an
76. If lim an l, then prove that lim l, [12 Marks]
n n n
2000
80. Given that the terms of a sequence an are such that each ak , k 3, is the arithmetic mean of its two
immediately preceding terms. Show that the sequence converges. Also find the limit of the sequence.
[12 Marks]
1
81. Determine the values of x for which the infinite product 1 x 2n converges absolutely. Find its value
n 0
whenever it converges. [12 Marks]
82. Suppose f is twice differentiable real valued function in (0, ) and M 0, M1 and M2 the least upper bounds of
f ( x ) , f '( x ) and f ''( x ) respectively in (0, ) . Prove for each x 0, h 0 that
1
f '( x ) f ( x 2h) f ( x ) hf '(u) for some u ( x , x 2h) . Hence show that M12 4M0 M2. [20 Marks]
2h
x
3
83. Evaluate dydz x 2 ydzdx x 2 zdxdy by transforming into triple integral where S is the closed surface
S
1999
84. Let A be a subset of the metric space ( M , ) . If ( A, ) is compact, then show that A is a closed subset of
(M ,) [20 Marks]
85. A sequence Sn is defined by the recursion formula Sn1 3Sn , S1 1 . Does this sequence converge? If so,
find lim Sn [20 Marks]
1 q
1
86. Test for convergence the integral x p log dx [20 Marks]
0 x
87. Find the shortest distance from the origin to the hyperbola x 2 8xy 7 y2 225, z 0 [20 Marks]
xy
88. Show that the double integral ( x y)3 dxdy does not exist over R [0,1;0,1] [20 Marks]
R
89. Verify the Gauss divergence theorem for F 4 xe x 2 y2 e y z 2 e z taken over the region bounded by
x 2 y2 4, z 0 and z 3 where e x , e y, e z are unit vectors along x , y and z directions respectively.
[20 Marks]
1998
Reputed Institute for IAS, IFoS Exams Page 8
90. Let X be a metric space and E X . Show that
(i) Interior of E is the largest open set contained in E
(ii) Boundary of E =(closure of E ) (closure of X E ) [20 Marks]
91. Let ( X , d) and (Y , e) be metric spaces with X compact and f : X Y continuous. Show that f is uniformly
continuous. [20 Marks]
4 2 2
92. Show that the function f ( x , y) 2x 3x y y has (0,0) as the only critical point but the function neither has
a minima nor maxima at (0,0) [20 Marks]
sin x
93. Test the convergence of the integral e ax dx , a 0 [20 Marks]
0 x
x
94. Test the series (n x 2 )2 for uniform convergence. [20 Marks]
n 1
1
95. Let f ( x ) x and g ( x ) x 2 . Does fog exist? If it exists then find its value [20 Marks]
0
1997
96. Show that a non-empty set P in Rn each of whose points is a limit-point is uncountable. [20 Marks]
a 2b2c2 x 2 y2 z 2
97. Show that xyz dxdydz where domain D is given by 2 2 2 1 [20 Marks]
D
6 a b c
2
2u 2u 2
2 u
1/5
98. If u sin 1 x 2 y2 , Prove that x 2xy y2 tan u(2tan2 u 3) [20 Marks]
2 x y 2 25
x y
1996
99. Let F be the set of all real valued bounded continuous functions defined on the closed interval [0,1] . Let d be
1
a mapping of F F into R, the set of real numbers, defined by d( f , g ) f ( x ) g ( x ) dx f , g F . Verify
0
that d is a metric for F [20 Marks]
100. Prove that a compact set in a metric space is a closed set. [20
Marks]
101. Let C[ a,b] denote the set of all functions f on [ a ,b] which have continuous derivatives at all points of
I [ a ,b] .For f , g C[ a,b] define d( f , g ) f (a) g(b) sup f '( x ) g '( x ) , x I . Show that the space
(C[ a ,b], d ) is a complete
[20 Marks]
102. A function f is defined in the interval ( a,b) as follows:
q 2 when x pq 1
f (x )
1/2
3
q when x pq 1
where p, q are relatively prime integers; f ( x ) 0, for all other values of x . Is f Riemann integrable? Justify your
answer. [20 Marks]
2n x 2n 1
103. Test for uniform convergence, the series [20 Marks]
n 1 1 x 2n
/2 /2
104. Evaluate sin x sin 1 sin x sin y dxdy [20 Marks]
0 0
4. Suppose f maps an open ball U Rn into Rm and f is differentiable onU . Suppose there exists a real number
M 0 such that f ( x ) M x U . Prove that f (b) f ( a ) M b a a,b U [20 Marks]
5. Find and classify the extreme values of the function f ( x , y) x 2 y2 x y xy [20 Marks]
( x 2 2xy cos y2 )
6. Suppose is real number not equals to n for any integer n . Prove that e dxdy
00
2sin
[20 Marks]
1994
7. Examine the (i) absolute convergence (ii) uniform convergence of the series (1 x ) x(1 x ) x 2 (1 x ) ... in
[ c,1], 0 c 1 [20 Marks]
1
8. Prove that S ( x ) , p 1 is uniformly convergent for all values of x and can be differentiate term
p
n nq x 2
by term if q 3 p 2 [20 Marks]
1 1
9. Let the function f be defined on [0,1] by the condition f ( x ) 2rx when x , r 0 Show that f is
r 1 r
1
2
Riemann integrable in [0,1] and f ( x ) dx [20 Marks]
0
6
n
10. By means of substitution x y z u, y z uv, z uvw evaluate ( x y z ) xyz dxdydz taken over the
volume bounded by x 0, y 0, z 0, x y z 1 [20 Marks]
1993
11. Examine for Riemann integrability over [0,2] of the function defined in [0,2] by
x x 2 , for rational valuesof x
f (x ) [20 Marks]
x 2 x 3 , for irrational values of x
sin x
12. Prove that dx converges and conditionally converges. [20 Marks]
0
x
dxdydz
13. Evaluate x y z 1 over the volume bounded by the coordinate planes and the plane x y z 1
[20 Marks]
a 2b2 b2x 2 a 2 y2 x2 y2
19. Evaluate dxdy over the positive quadrant of the ellipse 1 [20 Marks]
a 2b2 b2x 2 a 2 y2 a2 b2