Rotate MD 80 Manual

MD-80
Manual
www.rotatesim.com 1
Index:
p. 3 Introduction
p. 4 License and Disclaimer
p. 5 Acknowledgements
p. 6 Installation and settings, Database info
p. 10 Aircraft Options, Pop-up menu
p. 14 Manipulators, Hardware controlers
p. 16 Aircraft description
1. Exterior
p. 16 1. 1. Airplane dimensions
p. 17 1. 2. Exterior items
2. Cockpit
p. 19 2. 0. General
p. 20 2. 1. Forward overhead
p. 51 2. 2. Aft overhead
p. 53 2. 3. Glareshield panel
p. 63 2. 4. Left pilot side
p. 67 2. 5. Left pilot instrument panel
p. 95 2. 6. Center instrument panel
p. 104 2. 7. Right pilot instrument panel
p. 108 2. 8. Forward pedestal
p. 171 2. 9. Aft pedestal
p. 178 2. 10. TCAS
Click on the page numbers to jump to them

2
falta foto
Introduction
Welcome to our McDonnell Douglas MD-88. This software is an aircraft

add-on for X Plane Flight Simulator by Laminar Research.
This manual gives you all the information you need to fly this particular
model. In order to keep it simple and straightforward we have avoided to
include general information that you can easily find in the internet, such as
a general description of the model, its history or the history of the whole MD
series.
There is also a tutorial flight document and a pilot handbook including other
useful information.
This is a full description of the model which should be sufficient to operate

the aircraft. The tutorial flight consists of a short flight that should clarify
even more the operation of the aircraft. The pilot handbook includes limits,
checklists and diagrams.
3
License
The Rotate MD-80 is released under the terms specified in the

License.rtf (or License.txt) document inside the aircraft folder.
As part of the development of this software the following third party libraries
have been used and/or redistributed, in sources or binary form, according to
the conditions specified in the corresponding license documents included in
the software package: X-Plane Flight Simulator, X-Plane SDK, OpenGL-Glew,
OpenAL, FreeType, glAArg, PPL.
Disclaimer
The real McDonnell Douglas MD-88 is a very complex commercial airliner,

which also has quite a few unique and complex features.
Although our model entails a high level of simulation (including a Flight

Management System with SIDS and STARS), this is not a fully 100% simulated
model. We have slightly simplified some systems and have left some minor
items out of the simulation. The Rotate MD-80 allows manipulation of most
of the equipment in the cockpit, with a high level of simulation. However, in
some cases, the underlying systems are not operative, or their functionality
is limited.
Due to its complexity and the level of simulation, improper operation of the
aircraft and its resulting bad behavior may be mistakenly attributed to a
malfunction. In those cases it is important to consult the appropriate section
of the manual. Pay special attention to the operation of the aircraft within its
performance limits.
Important note: This manual and the model to which it refers are intended
only for recreational purposes, not for professional simulation or for real
aviation.
4
Acknowledgements
Thanks to all the people who actively participated in this project, the beta
team, Rich Grimes and specially the actual MD-80 captain, Haitiano1982,
you can visit his channel here: https://www.youtube.com/user/haitiano1982.
Thanks to the ones who worked to provide the community with the libraries,
tools and documentation that allows the making of products like this.
Thanks to the community for the encouragement, observations and support

we have received.
5
Installation and settings
Pre-requisites:
This software is an aircraft add-on for X-Plane Flight Simulator by Laminar

Research. It is meant to be run in X-Plane versions 10.51 and X-Plane 11, for
Windows, OSX and Linux platforms. It will run on X Plane 64-bit architecture
only. 32-bit systems are not supported at the moment.
For all platforms:
- 64-bit Operative system.

- Laminar Research X Plane 64b v10.51 and X-Plane 11.
For Windows:
- Microsoft Windows 7, 8, 10.

- Microsoft Visual C++ 2010 Redistributable.
- Microsoft Visual C++ 2012 Redistributable.
For OSX:
- OSX 10.9 and up.

- OpenGL Framework.
- OpenAL Framework.
For Linux:
- GLIBC v2.19 (Ubuntu 14.04)

- OpenGL
- OpenAL
- FreeType
6
Installation:
To install the add-on, copy the Rotate-MD-80 folder contained in the

compressed package, to any of the folders inside Aircrafts of your X-Plane
installation. The installation path will look like this:
(X-Plane installation folder)/Aircrafts/(folder of your choice)/Rotate-MD-80
First run and license activation:
Launch X-Plane 64b and select the Rotate-MD-80 and your favorite Airport in
the “Quick Flight Setup” page. Select FLY.
Once loaded, a window will prompt you to activate the product. Choose
“Automatic” for online activation. Follow the instructions to complete the
activation process.
After a successful activation you will be asked to reload the aircraft. Do so,
and the aircraft will be loaded fully operational.
Support:
The Rotate Team will provide technical support for the product during the
commercial availability of the product. You can contact the support team
through the e-mail account: support@rotatesim.com.
For customer support you should contact your product distributor.
7
Database info
This software uses a third party Navigation Database to provide advanced

navigation procedures inside the FMS. The current distribution includes an
outdated version of this database, courtesy of Aerosoft GmbH.
Most third party distributors of Navigation Databases should have a product

compatible with this aircraft.
How to update automatically:
Most Navigation Databases products have an installation manager which

automates the installation. Consult your provider for support on these
products.
How to update manually:
The third party navigation database is installed locally in the “NavData”

folder inside the aircraft’s folder structure.
Completely substitute the contents of that folder with updated compatible

navigation database and it will be made accessible to the FMS on reload.
Be aware that using a non compatible database or partially rewriting the
contents of the “NavData” folder may cause malfunction or totally inhibit
the execution of this software.
8
Recommended system characteristics:
The following hardware and system characteristics are the recommended

minimal setup to run this product at the expected frame-rate (well above
30fps).
Processor: Multi-core Processor 3.3GHz

System RAM: 8 GB
Hard Disk Usage: 3.3 GB
Graphics: Nvidia GTX 660 Ti / Radeon HD 7950 (V-RAM 3GB for best
performance)
The softare will run in systems with lower settings, but the frame-rate could
be compromised.
The Rotate MD-80 has been designed to optimize performance and to

achieve an optimal CPU/GPU balance. However, it makes extensive use of
V-RAM, and systems below 3GB might see a considerable increase of RAM/
CPU load. As a workaround, normal map files in the “objects” folder
may be removed with a significant relief to the V-RAM usage, at the
cost of visual quality.
For those who have performance problems due to lack of VRAM to

load the 4k textures there is a set of 2k textures that you can find
in the customer area at the store.
9
Aircraft Options
You can access aircraft options through

the X-Plane’s Plugins Menu/Rotate MD-80/
menus.
About. General Rotate MD-80 info.
Aircraft management. Access to general

aircraft operations:
GPU Toggle. Connect/disconnect GPU.
GPS Toggle. Connect/disconnect the

Ground Pneumatic Source.
Fwd Door Toggle. Open/Close the main

cabin door.
Fwd Stair Toggle. Deploy/Retract main

built in stairs. Only available after main
door is open.
Aft Door Toggle. Open/Close Aft cabin

door and stairs.
Cargo Doors Toggle. Open/Close all

cargo doors.
Weight Units Toggle. The weight

readings will be shown in Kg or Lb in
the main fuel instrument and CDU
pages.
10
Pop-up Menu
The aircraft also includes a Pop-up Menu which has two pages: one for
Ground Operations and one for the Fuel & Load Manager.
To open the Pop-up Menu, click on the 3D object located in the pedestal:
1
2
1. Close button.
2. Aircraft version.
3 3 3. Page buttons.
11
1. Ground Operations
1
2 1. GPU.
3 Use this button to

call/dismiss the GPU.
4 2. GPS.
5 Use this button to

call/dismiss the GPS.
3. Doors.
Use this buttons

to open/close the
corresponding doors
and stairs.
4. Load buttons.
Use these buttons to load fuel/cargo/passengers. When the button

is pressed the first time, loading will start: a counter will show the
time remaining to finish the process and the button legend will
change to “Expedite”. Click Expedite to finish the loading process.
If fuel is being burned (APU on) the fuel status shown will always be
“Pending”. This is normal. Check the loaded fuel in the Fuel Quantity
Instrument.
5. Request Pushback.
Use this buttons to request a left, straight or right pushback. This will
request X-Plane’s 11 native pushback service. Bear in mind that this
service is not available at all airports in X-Plane 11.
Conditions for these functions are: engines must be off and aircraft
with parking brake on.
12
2. Fuel & Load
1.
Use this fields to

introduce fuel for
1 respective tanks. You can
introduce total fuel in the
“Fuel All Tanks” field and
fuel will be distributed in
2 all tanks, filling the left
and right tanks first.
2.
3 Use this fields to

4 introduce passengers
and cargo. You can
introduce total payload
in the “Total Payload”.
5 Passengers and cargo
will be distributed in a
realistic way.
3. Weight units.
4. Trip Fuel.
Introduce trip fuel here. This is required to calculate the center of

gravity for takeoff.
5. Weight and Balance data.
This section contains information about the estimated flight time

(given the amount of fuel and cargo loaded), weights and position of
the center of gravity. Numbers shown in red color warn of incorrect
load configuration, due to CG or weight out of range or incorrect Trip
fuel amount.
Conditions for loading are: engines must be off and aircraft with
parking brake on, and corresponding doors open.
13
Manipulators
Manipulators are used to manipulate cockpit elements like switches,

handles, knobs, buttons, etc. There are mainly three types of
manipulators in the MD-80:
Click manipulators
Used mainly to manipulate switches and buttons, they operate as

on/off togles. They are represented by a hand symbol with the index
finger extended, instead of the mouse pointer.
Click and drag
Used mainly to manipulate knobs and handles, they operate as

rotaries and they are represented by arrows, pointing the direction to
drag, or grabing hands.
Scroll wheel manipulators
In version 1.3 of the aircraft, we have included X-Plane 10.51 and

X-Plane 11 scroll wheel manipulators. This has been integrated with
the former manipulators in almost every knob and handle, so you
can operate those by clicking and draging them or with the mouse
scroll wheel. In some cases, like in some autopilot knobs, the value
increments are different depending on which manipulator you use:
click and drag or scroll wheel. For example, in the ALT selector knob,
by using the click and drag manipulator, the altitude value will be
incremented by hundreds; instead, using the scroll wheel, it will be
incremented by thousends. This gives the user the oportunity to
speed up the value setting by using the scroll wheel.
14
Information on hardware controllers
This simulation has been prepared to work with as little extra

configuration as possible, so that users with no advanced hardware
can still use it with almost no specific configuration.
However, due to the complexity of some systems, accurate

manipulation requires the use of some specific commands. When
assigned to keys or joystick buttons, they allow to properly
manipulate systems like in the real aircraft. You can find this
commands under “settings” inside X Plane, and assign them there for
use.
- Park Brake Control: Rotate/md80/systems/parking_brake_toggle

- AT Disconect: Rotate/md80/autopilot/at_disc
- AP Disconect: Rotate/md80/autopilot/ap_disc
- Ground Power Unit GPU request toggle: Rotate/md80/electrical/
GPU_power_request_toggle
- Ground Pneumatic Source request toggle: Rotate/md80/air/gps_
request_toggle
- TOGA Button: Rotate/md80/autopilot/to_ga_button
- Fire Loop A Test Button: Rotate/md80/test/test_fire_loop_a
- Fire Loop B Test Button: Rotate/md80/test/test_fire_loop_b
Other than that, standard X Plane for functions available in the

aircraft commands should work fine.
The rest of the custom commands that can be useful for cockpit
customization, are posted here: http://forums.x-plane.org/index.
php?/forums/topic/92790-datarefs-and-commands/
For more advanced hardware controllers (quadrants, radios, ...) third

party dedicated plugins can be used, or manual configuration can be
made. If you need more info do not hesitate to contact us at support.
rotatesim.com.
15
Aircraft description
1. Exterior
1. 1. Airplane dimensions
16
1. 2. Exterior items
17
18
2. Cockpit
2. 0. General
3
6
4 5
7
8
9
10
1. Forward overhead p. 20 6. Center instrument

panel p. 95
2. Aft overhead p. 51
7. Right pilot instrument
3. Glareshield panel p. 53 panel p. 104
4. Left pilot side p. 63 8. Forward pedestal p. 108
5. Left pilot instrument 9. Aft pedestal p. 171

panel p. 67
10. TCAS p. 178
19
2. 1. Forward overhead Index

1 Fig 1/2
2
3 4
6 7
5
8
9
10
11 12
1. EFIS switch panel p. 22 7. Lights p. 30
2. Voice recorder p. 22 8. Panel lights p. 30

3. Compass and Radio NAV 9. APU panel p. 31
selector p. 22
10. Test panel p. 33
4. Engine sync and other
switches p. 23 11. Engine starter panel p. 35
5. Electrical panel p. 24 12. Fuel pumps panel p. 36

6. IRS mode selector unit p. 29
20
Fig 2/2
21
22
13
14 23
18
15 24
17
19
16
20
13. Electrical power p. 37 20. Annunciator panel p. 44
14. Air conditioning p. 38 21. Light p. 50
15. Emergency lights p. 39 22. Loud speaker p. 50
16. Seatbelt/no smoking p. 39 23. Light p. 50
17. Anti ice p. 40 24. Air condition outlet p. 50
18. Cabin Pressure

Control Panel p. 42
19. Rain, Cabin Climb gauge

and ANUN/DIGITAL
lights switch p. 43
21
2. 1. Forward overhead (Detailed)
1
2 4
3 21
6
5 7
8 22
9
10
13
14 23
11 12 18
15 24
17
19
16
20
1. EFIS switch panel
2. Voice recorder
3. Compass and Radio NAV selector
BOTH ON 1: Both Captain’s and F/O’s PFD and ND receive input from
system 1.
BOTH ON 2: Both Captain’s and F/O’s PFD and ND receive input from
system 2.
22
4. Engine sync and other switches
2
3
1.- ENGINE Sync
2.- GROUND PROXIMITY WARNING TEST
3.- WINDSHR TEST Switch
NORM: Windshear system is armed.
TEST (Momentary): Windshear system undergoes eight second self

test if airplane on ground and airspeed less than 30 knots.
23
5. Electrical panel
1
2 3 4 5 6 7
8 9 10
11 12
13 14 15
16 17 18 19 20
21
22 23 24 25 26
28
27 30
29
2. 2. 5. Electrical panel 24
1. L CSD DISC
NORM - Guarded switch normally in this position.
DISC - (Momentary) Disconnects CSD from engine drive.

2. L CSD OIL TEMP INDICATOR
Indicates left CSD oil outlet temperature or oil temperature

rise across the drive.

3. PUSH FOR RISE
When pushed, temperature rise (outlet temperature minus

inlet temperature) is displayed on outer scale of indicator.

4. R CSD OIL TEMP INDICATOR
Indicates right CSD oil outlet temperature or oil temperature

rise across the drive.

5. R CSD DISC
NORM - Guarded switch normally in this position.
DISC - (Momentary) Disconnects CSD from engine drive.

25
6. AC VOLTMETER
Indicates voltage output of the generators or external power as

selected by the meter selector (11).

7. AC FREQUENCY METER
Indicates frequency output of the generators or external power as

selected by the meter selector (11).

8. L GEN
RESET - (Momentary) Resets generator control circuit.
OFF - Disconnects generator from AC power distribution system.
ON - Connects generator to AC power distribution system.

9. APU GEN
APU generator switch. In NORM position, the generator will

be connected to desired AC bus if APU is running and no fault
condition exist. When in RESET, the APU bus is not powered.

10. R GEN
RESET - (Momentary) Resets generator control circuit.
OFF - Disconnects generator from AC power distribution system.
ON - Connects generator to AC power distribution system.

11. METER SELECTOR
Selects the source for the voltage/frequency/amperage monitors

6, 7 and 12.

12. DC VOLT/AMP METER
Indicates battery charging or discharging current, battery voltage

or DC bus voltage as selected by the meter selector (11).

13. AC LOAD METER

Left generator.
Indicates generator output in terms of generator rating. 1.0

corresponds to 40 KVA. Indicates generator load in terms of
generator rating.

14. AC LOAD METER
APU generator.

15. AC LOAD METER

Right generator.

16. APU PWR. POWER IN USE LIGHT left bus
Blue light indicates that the APU is connected to the left bus.

17. APU BUS SWITCH left bus
In ON position it connects the APU generator to associated bus if

this bus is not already energized by its own generator.

18. APU PWR AVAILABLE LIGHT
Indicates that APU power is available.

19. APU BUS SWITCH right bus

20. APU PWR. POWER IN USE LIGHT right bus

21. GALLEY POWER SWITCH

22. EXT PWR. POWER IN USE LIGHT left bus
Blue light indicates that the EXTERNAL power is connected to the

left bus.

23. EXT BUS SWITCH left bus

In ON position it connects the EXT power to associated bus if this
bus is not already energized by its own generator.

24. EXT PWR AVAILABLE LIGHT
Indicates that EXT power is available.

25. EXT BUS SWITCH right bus

26. EXT PWR. POWER IN USE LIGHT right bus

27. DC LOAD METER TR 1 and 2
Indicates the current load in the left DC bus.

28. AC BUS CROSSTIE SWITCH
In OPEN position, the crosstie relay will always be open. In position

AUTO, the relay will close automatically if one bus system loses
its power supply and the conditions for bus interconnection are
satisfied. The switch is normally placed in AUTO.

29. DC BUS CROSSTIE SWITCH

In position CLOSE it connects the L DC bus and R DC bus allowing
any combination of transformer rectifiers to power both DC buses.
In position OPEN, the buses are separated and powered from their
respective TR. The switch is normally placed in OPEN and should
only be placed in position CLOSED, when so required by the
EMERGENCY checklist.

30. DC LOAD METER TR 3 and 4
6. IRS mode selector unit
OFF
System is switched off. If the switch is turned OFF then the alignment
information is lost and the alignment process has to be repeated.
ALN
When set to ALN, the IRU initiates the alignment sequence. To complete
the alignment, present position has to be entered via the FSM CDU.
NAV
Permits system to enter navigational mode when alignment sequence

is completed. If NAV is selected from OFF position, a normal alignment
is initiated followed by automatic transition to NAV mode. Provided the
present position is entered.
ATT
Selects attitude and directional gyro only mode of operation. This mode
allows the inertial information in the EFIS but not the GPS functionality.
ALIGN light
Illuminates steady when the IRS is operating normally in the align mode.
The light will blink if the alignment process has failed. Switch to OFF
position and restart the process. Don’t forget to set the IRS position in
your CDU.
ON BATT light
Illuminates when the IRS is powered from its back-up battery.
BAT FAIL light
Illuminates to indicate that the voltage of the source is low.
FAULT light
Illuminates to indicate a system failure requiring maintenance action.
2. 2. Forward Overhead 29
7. Lights
1. CKT BKR LT
1 2
Provides OFF, DIM, and BRT
control for the CB panel flood-
lights.
2. STBY COMP LT
3 4
Provides OFF, DIM, and BRT
control for the standby com-
pass light.
3. THNDRSTRM LT
OFF - Returns control of lighting to individual controls.
ON - Overrides individual lighting controls and illuminates all

cockpit floodlights to full intensity
4. COCKPIT FLOOD light

OFF
ON: Turns on the spot lights above the pilot seats.
ALT THUNDERSTORM: Turns on all the flood cockpit lights.
8. Panel lights
PANEL light knob

controls the panel
light of the overhead.
FLOOD light knob

controls only the
overhead light.

9. APU panel
1 2
4
3
7
5 6

1. EGT INDICATOR
Indicates exhaust temperature. Max 650O C for continuous load

2. RPM INDICATOR
Indicates the rpm as percent of a normal established rpm. Normal

load 95%.

3. APU FIRE AGENT Switch (NO 1/NO 2)
OFF - Normal position.
DISCH - (Momentary) Discharges selected fire extinguishing agent

into the APU compartment, provided the fire extiguishers are
armed (5).

4. AIR SWITCH
ON/OFF positions opens and closes the bleed air valve.
AIR COND COLDER - The turbine bypass valves close, resulting in

increased differential pressure across the air conditioning turbine
to provide colder air, but at a reduced volume.
5. APU FIRE CONT Switch
NORM - Normal position.
OFF & AGENT ARM - Immediately shuts down APU and arms the
fire extinguishers.

6. MASTER SWITCH
In OFF position, fuel, ignition and starter circuits are de-energized

and inlet doors closing circuits armed. If valve is open, initiates 60
second cool down, then APU shuts down.
RUN position maintains the APU running, once started.
In START position, initiates the APU start up sequence.

7. APU Doors Switch
32
10. Test panel
1 4
2 3 5 6
7 8 9 10

1. PA

2. ATTENDANT CALL button
Push: Actuates chime and pink master call lights in the cabin.
3. ANTI-SKID switch
OFF: Anti-skid system disarmed and all ANTI-SKID messages

(except ANTI-SKID FAULT) are displayed on the OAP. Foot pressure
on brake pedal controls hydraulic pressure to the brakes.
ARM: After main wheel spinup the anti-skid system will reduce
applied brake pressure if necessary to prevent tire skidding and to
obtain maximum available braking. The system is active down to
approximately 10 knots.
4. STALL TEST switch
SYS 1: Tests stall system. Operates stick shakers on both control

columns. Turns on STALL and STICK PUSHER PUSH TO INHIBIT
lights and sounds both stall recognition speakers.
OFF: Turns test off. Normal operating mode.
SYS 2: Tests opposite system, indications are identical.
5. MAX SPD WARN TEST switch
SYS 1: (Momentary) Tests overspeed warning system.
OFF: (Spring-loaded) Normal position.
SYS 2: (Momentary) Tests overspeed warning system.
6. LOGO LIGHT switch

7. ATTENDANT CALL

8. TEST CKT switch
OFF: Test circuit off.
TEST: (Momentary) All ANTI-SKID messages are displayed on the

OAP provided ANTI-SKID switch is in the ARM position and landing
gear handle is DOWN. All messages are removed when switch is
released.

9. YAW DAMPER
Turns the yaw damper ON/OFF.

10. MACH TRIM COMP

34
11. Engine starter panel
1
2
4
5

1. START PUMP

To be used when AC electrical power is not available. In ON
position the pump supplies fuel for APU or engine start. The pump
is located in the right main tank fuel system.
2. ENG IGN SELECTOR

SYS A: Ignition exciter A activates when FUEL control lever is ON.

OFF: System is off.

SYS B: Ignition exciter B activates when FUEL control lever is ON.

BOTH: Ignition from A and B exciters activate when FUEL control
lever is ON.

3. START

OFF: Removes power from engine valve.

ON: Provides power to open start valve butterfly. When start valve
is open.

L/R START VALVE OPEN annunciator comes on.
4. FUEL HEAT
L/R FUEL HEAT Switch
OFF: Removes power from fuel heat circuit following completion of

fuel heat cycle.
ON: (Momentary) Timer is energized for one minute, which opens

respective fuel heat valve, supplying high stage bleed air to the
air/fuel heat exchanger.

5. PNEU PRESS

Indicates pneumatic pressure available for engine start and ice
protection. 36 psi is minimum pressure for engine start.
12. Fuel pumps panel

Left and right main tank BOOST PUMP SWITCHES
When a switch is placed in ON position, the corresponding boost

pump is activated.
13. Electrical power
1
2

1. EMER PWR Selector
OFF: Removes battery as source of emergency power.
ON: Connects battery as source of emergency ac and dc power.

Power to dc emergency bus is now supplied from battery direct
bus and single phase ac power is supplied to ac emergency bus by
emergency inverter. Inverter is powered from battery direct bus.
2. BATTERY SWITCH

OFF: Removes battery from battery bus, battery charger, and dc
transfer bus.

ON: Connects battery to battery bus. Selects battery to battery
charger, and dc transfer bus.
By dragging the switch all the way down, it enters in a secure

position to avoid its unintentional switch off.
14. Air conditioning
1 2 3
4 5 6 7
1. L/R VALVE TEMP CONTROL Indicator

COLD: Indicates temperature control valve is closed and blocking
hot air supply.

HOT: Indicates temperature control valve is fully open to allow
maximum hot air supply.
2. L/R PRESS Gauge

Indicates available pneumatic supply pressure for operation of
each air conditioning system.
3. TEMP SEL Switch
CABIN SPLY: Selects cabin supply duct temperature for display on

the CABIN TEMP gauge.
CABIN: Selects cabin temperature for display on the CABIN TEMP

gage.
4. CKPT/CABIN TEMP Selector
AUTO: Temperature automatically adjusts by moving selector to

left or right of index.
5. L/R SUPPLY Switch

OFF: In off position pneumatic pressure is cut off the A/C system.
Air pressure is available for engine start.

AUTO: Air pressure is available for respective A/C pack.
HP BLD OFF: Opens the air conditioning flow control valve, the
pressure regulator and shutoff valve, and, when the airplane is on
the ground, starts the heat exchanger cooling fan. Closes the high
stage valve.

6. CABIN TEMP Gauge

Indicates cabin temperature, or cabin supply duct temperature, as
selected with the TEMP SEL switch.
7. RADIO RACK
VENTURI: (Inflight) Turns off radio rack fan. Opens venturi valve.
FAN: (Inflight) Turns on primary radio rack fan and closes venturi
valve to cool radio rack and heat forward cargo compartment.
If the primary fan fails in flight, the standby radio rack fan
automatically comes on.
15. Emergency lights
Switch is simulated, but emergency lights system is not

operational.
16. Seatbelt/no smoking
17. Anti ice
1 2 3 4
6 7
1. HEATER/CUR Meter
Displays current flow to each position as selected by METER SEL &

HEAT selector.
2. METER SEL & HEAT Selector
When selector is moved from OFF, all circuits are energized to

heat pitots, including rudder limiter, stall probes, static ports and
RAT probe. On ground, heat to RAT probe is inhibited by ground
control relays.
3. AIRFOIL Anti-Ice Switch
OFF: Deactivates the airfoil anti-ice system.
ON: Opens the pressure regulator valve to provide temperature

controlled air to the system.
4. WINDSHIELD ANTI-FOG Switch
OFF: Deactivates the anti-fog system.
ON: Provides electrical heat to the inside surface of the

windshields, the clearview windows, and the eyebrow windows.
5. WINDSHIELD ANTI-ICE Switch
OFF: Deactivates the anti-ice system.

ON: Provides anti-ice heat to the three windshields.
6. TAIL De-Ice Button
Push: (Air foil system in-use) Closes the shutoff valve to the wing
and opens the shutoff valve to the tail to allow 2.5 minutes of tail
de-ice. The system automatically reverts to wing anti-ice function
following the 2.5 minutes of tail de-ice function.
7. ENG (L/R) Anti-Ice Switch
OFF: Closes valves to shut off air to the engine anti-ice system.
ON: Opens three valves to provide air to anti-ice the engine nose
cowl, bullet, and inlet compressor guide vanes.
18. Cabin Pressure Control Panel
5
3 4
1. CABIN PRESSURE System Selector Panel
2. APL/CABIN Altitude Scale
The scale shows the relationship between the airplane altitude

and the cabin altitude in thousands of feet.
3. LDG ALT Knob and Window
Turn to select destination airport altitude. Selection displays in IN

HG window. The altitude is numbered in 100 foot increments.
Normally the knob is set at the index mark and does not require
adjustment, unless a rapid climb or descent is anticipated. The
index mark provides 500 fpm cabin rate of climb and descent.
Maximum rate is 1500 fpm and minimum is 50 fpm.

4. LDG BARO Knob and Window
Turn to select destination barometric pressure. Selection displays

in IN HG window.
5. RATE LIMIT Control Knob
Adjusts cabin climb/descend rate. At index mark, rate is 700 fpm.

Rates between 50 and 1500 fpm are available for selection.
42
19. Rain, Cabin Climb gauge and ANUN/DIGITAL lights switch
6
2
3
1 4
1. Windshield Wipers
2. Cabin Climb Gauge
Indicates the rate of change in cabin altitude.
3. ANNUN/DIGITAL LTS Switch
Push to test all OAP display elements (LED displays, annunciators,

etc.) and the digital lights of the Captain’s and First Officer’s FMA
and VHF/NAV control panel, Flight Guidance Control Panel, Fuel
Quantity Panel, Engine Display Panel, and Systems Display Panel,
Captain’s and First Officer’s Master Warning and Master Caution
lights.
4. PULL TO DIM
Dims all messages except DOOR Cue light and all dimmable
warning, caution, and advisory lights on the instrument panel that
do not have individual controls.
5. AIR COND SHUTOFF
6. RAM AIR
20. Annunciator panel
1
2
1. OAP Display Screens
Left display screens are filled from top with messages. After 6
messages, additional messages will appear at top right display
screen. If both screens are full, latest message will appear at
bottom of right screen.
APU GEN OFF (ELEC) - Indicates the APU generator power is

available but not selected. MASTER CAUTION lights illuminate.
L/R AC BUS OFF (ELEC) - Indicates the respective AC bus is not

powered. MASTER CAUTION lights illuminate.
L/R GEN OFF (ELEC) - Indicates the respective generator relay is

open, disconnecting generator from its bus. MASTER CAUTION
lights illuminate.
AC CROSSTIE LOCKOUT (ELEC) - Indicates AC crosstie relay is

locked open and automatic AC crosstie is inoperative.
BATTERY BUS OFF (ELEC) - Indicates battery bus is de-energized.
DC BUS OFF (ELEC) - Indicates a DC bus is de-energized. MASTER

CAUTION lights illuminate.
L/R START VALVE OPEN (ENG) - Indicates the respective engine

start valve is not closed.
L/R INLET FUEL PRES LO (ENG) - Indicates respective fuel supply

pressure at engine is low.
CENTER FUEL PRESS LO (ENG) - Indicates that one or both center
fuel tank boost pumps has failed or has been shut off or tank is
empty (inhibited when flaps are extended approximately 6 degrees
or greater).
ART INOP (MISC) - Indicates automatic reserve thrust is unavailable

or ART switch is OFF.
L/R OIL PRESS LOW (ENG) - Indicates respective engine oil pressure
low. MASTER CAUTION lights illuminate.
YAW DAMP OFF (CONT) - Indicates yaw damper is inoperative or

YAW DAMP switch is in OVRD.
SPOILER FLAP EXTEND (CONT) - Speed brakes and flaps are

extended in flight.
SPOILER DEPLOYED (CONT) - A ground spoiler is extended in flight.

On the ground, any spoiler is deployed with the spoiler/speed brake
lever stowed. The message
FUEL LEVEL LOW (ENG) - Indicates fuel quantity approximately 2500

pounds in either of the main tanks.
PITOT HEAT OFF (ICE) - Electrical power loss to one or more Pitot
probes or Stall/AOA vanes.
PARKING BRAKES ON (HYD) - Indicates the parking brakes are set.

When parking brakes are not set and annunciator is illuminated, an
anti-skid malfunction is indicated.
(L/R) HYD PRESS LOW (HYD) - The hydraulic pressure in the (left/
right) spoiler supply system is below normal. MASTER CAUTION
lights illuminate.
OAP SINGLE SCREEN OP (MISC) -The right EOAP panel screen is not
operative, all messages are shown in left screen.
AFT STAIRWAY DOOR (DOOR) - Stairway door is unlatched.
AFT CABIN DOOR (DOOR) - Passenger aft entrance door is open

and/or unlatched.
AFT CABIN DOOR (DOOR) - Passenger aft entrance door is open

and/or unlatched.
45
FWD CARGO DOOR (DOOR) - Forward cargo door is not closed
and/or latched.
AFT CARGO DOOR (DOOR) - Aft cargo door is not closed

and/or latched.
MID CARGO DOOR (DOOR) - Mid cargo door is not closed

and/or latched.
FWD CARGO DOOR (DOOR) - Forward cargo door is not closed

and/or latched.
L/R ICE FOD ALERT (ICE) - Ground advisory of ice buildup on wing
upper surface.
APU OIL PRESS LOW (MISC) - APU oil pressure is below normal.
Message is normally displayed during APU start, but disappears
as oil pressure rises. The message is inhibited during a pilot-
commanded shutdown.
EMER LIGHT NOT ARMED (ELEC) - Indicates DC power is available

to aircraft and EMER LTS switch on overhead panel is not at ARM
position.
TRANSPONDER INOP (MISC) - Indicates failure of selected

transponder.
AIRFL ICE PRES ABNML (ICE) - Low or unscheduled pressure in wing

and/or duct to horizontal stabilizer. Malfunction of ice protection
pressure regulator and shutoff valve if AIR FOIL switch selected OFF
after tail cycle complete.
FIRE DET LOOP (ENG) - At least one of the six loop lights is
illuminated. MASTER CAUTION lights illuminate.
ENG SYNC ON (ENG) - Indicates ENG SYNC selector switch is in N1

or N2 position when LANDING GEAR handle is in the DOWN position.
STALL IND FAILURE (MISC) - A system channel is inoperative or

malfunctioning, or the post stall recovery system has been shut
off either by a reduction in “g” force or by activation of the STICK
PUSHER PUSH TO INHIBIT switch.
GPWS FAIL (MISC) - Indicates ground proximity warning system is

inoperative.
46
WINDSHEAR INOP (MISC) - Indicates windshear detection and
guidance not available and PFD-PLI not displayed.
FLT RECORDER OFF (MISC) - Indicates flight recorder deenergized or

built-in-test requirements are not met.
L/R CSD OIL PRESS LOW (ELEC) - Indicates oil pressure in left/right
CSD is below operating limits. MASTER CAUTION lights illuminate.
L/R AC BUS OFF (ELEC) - Indicates the respective AC bus is not

powered. MASTER CAUTION lights illuminate.
L/R GEN OFF (ELEC) - Indicates the respective generator relay is

open, disconnecting generator from its bus. MASTER CAUTION
lights illuminate.
L/R INLET FUEL PRES LO (ENG) - Indicates respective fuel supply

pressure at engine is low.
(L/R) HYD PRESS LOW (HYD) - The hydraulic pressure in the (left/
right) spoiler supply system is below normal. MASTER CAUTION
lights illuminate.
(L/R) INBD ANTI-SKID (HYD) - Applicable annunciation indicates

malfunction of anti-skid protection for specific wheel. All
annunciations will be illuminated if arming switch is OFF or system
malfunctions.
ANTI-SKID FAULT (HYD) - Indicates a detected fault could result in a

reduction in or a loss of system redundancy.
MACH TRIM FAULT (CONT) - DFGC detects Mach trim is inoperative

with MACH TRIM COMP switch in NORM.
MACH TRIM OFF (CONT) - MACH TRIM COMP switch selected OFF.
RUDDER CONTROL MAN (HYD) - Indicates there is no hydraulic pow.
47
2. Scroll Buttons
Appropriate scroll button will be illuminated to indicate messages

stored off screen. Push to scroll messages up or down when
messages are stored above or below those displayed on screens.
3. Cue Light (amber)
Associated system cue light flashes 4 times on detection of a

caution and a new message is displayed on screen. Pushing cue
light displays messages associated with that system. If cue light
is pushed and held, messages will be displayed for 10 seconds. If
cue light is pushed and released, messages will be displayed for 5
seconds. Messages will remain in message system until emergency
or malfunction is corrected.
48
Advisory Lights
R - Red light - Brings on MASTER WARNING.
CARGO FIRE : Cargo fire is detected.
TAIL COMP TEMP HIGH: The tail compartment temperature

exceeds normal.
CABIN ALT: Cabin altitude exceeds 10,000 feet.
AC EMER BUS OFF: Indicates emergency AC bus is not powered.
APU FIRE: APU fire detection system is activated and the APU
automatically shuts down. Aural and vocal (“APU fire”) warning
sounds.
DC EMER BUS OFF: Indicates emergency DC bus is not powered
A - Amber light - Indicates an advisory. This is a normal

condition.
IRS1/2 ATT MODE: Indicates respective IRU is providing

attitude information only. Accuracy of data is downgraded and
heading information should be updated via MCDU using an
alternate source.
ELEVATOR POWER ON: Indicates hydraulic elevator

augmentation system activated.
IGNITION SYSTEM A SELECTED: Indicates ignition system A has
been selected.
RUDDER TRAVEL UNRESTRICTED: Indicates full rudder

travel is available.
RAIN REPELLENT RESERVE IN USE: Deactivated.
IGNITION SYSTEM B SELECTED: Indicates ignition system B has

been selected.
CABIN OXIGEN ON
L/R ENG ANTI-ICE ON: Engine nose cowl and fuselage strakes
anti-ice selected.
WING ANTI-ICE ON: Wing leading edge and ram air scoop anti-
ice heat selected.
L/R FUEL HEAT ON: Indicates shutoff valve in engine bleed air
supply line to air/fuel heat exchanger is open.
TAIL DE-ICE ON: Horizontal stabilizer leading edge and ram

air scoop de-ice heat selected. Will also be illuminated for 2.5
minutes after switch is turned OFF
Warning lights will stay illuminated until emergency or malfunction

is corrected.
Amber lights stay illuminated until corresponding system is off or

condition no longer exists.
21. Light
22. Loud speaker
23. Light
24. Air condition outlet
50
2. 2. Aft overhead
2
1
3 4
5
1. GROUND SERVICE electrical panel
APU PWR Switch
OFF: Removes APU generator from ground service bus.
ON: Selects APU generator to ground service bus. (EXT PWR

switch must be OFF)
Ground Service Bus Power In Use Light (2) (blue)
Indicates power source selected is connected to ground ser-

vice bus.
APU PWR AVAIL Light (blue)
Indicates APU generator power is available.
EXT PWR AVAIL Light (blue)
Indicates external power is available.
51
EXT PWR Switch
OFF: Removes external power from ground service bus.
ON: Selects external power to ground service bus (APU PWR

switch must be OFF).
2. ENGINE FIRE DETECT SYSTEM panel
LOOPS Switch (L ENG/R ENG/APU)
BOTH - Normal position.

A/B - Selects respective fire detector loop for engine or APU fire
detection system.
LOOP A and B Lights (L ENG/R ENG/APU) (amber)
Illuminate when activated by associated fire detection loop or

loops test switch. Indicates possible fire detection malfunction.
3. AUDIO SELECTOR PANEL
4. MECH CALL button
5. FLIGHT RECORDER TEST switch
6. OVERHEAD CIRCUIT BRAKER panel
52
2. 3. Glareshield panel
4 5 6 7 8
2
A B C
3
1 10 9
1. ABS disarm light p. 54
2. MASTER WARNING light p. 54
3. MASTER CAUTION light p. 54
4. TAXI/LANDING LIGHT panel p. 54
5. VHF NAV 1 (VOR 1) frequency/course selector and

readout p. 55
6. Flight Guidance Control Panel (FGCP) p. 55
A. FGCP speed p. 55
B. FGCP lateral and vertical navigation p. 57
C. FGCP altitude preselect p. 60
7. VHF NAV 2 (VOR 1) frequency/course selector and

readout p. 61
8. EXTERIOR LIGHTS panel p. 61
9. FGCP Modes Buttons and Edge Lighting Knob p. 62
10. FGCP Digital Lights Knob p. 62
2. 4. Glareshield Panel 53
1. ABS disarm light
Illuminates when the landing gear handle is down, AUTO BRAKE selector is
moved out of the OFF position and AUTO BRAKE ARM/DISARM switch is in
DISARM.
2. MASTER WARNING light
ON when at least one red light on annunciator panel comes on. Light
is extinguished by pressing the light cap. The system is then armed to
accept any subsequent system warning.
3. MASTER CAUTION light

ON whenever selected amber lights on the annunciator panel comes on.
The master caution can be reset by pressing either light cap. The system
is then armed to accept any subsequent system fault indication.
4. TAXI/LANDING LIGHT panel

2
1

1. WING LDG LTS switches
RET: Wing landing lights are retracted and off.

EXT OFF: Wing landing lights are extended and off.
EXT ON: Wing landing lights are extended and on.
2. NOSE LTS switch
OFF: Nose landing and taxi lights are off.
DIM: Nose landing and taxi lights are dimmed.
BRT: Nose landing and taxi lights are bright.
5. VHF NAV 1 (VOR 1) frequency/course selector and readout
6. FGCP Flight Guidance Control Panel
The autopilot navigation has been customized to be as closeto the original

as possible. LNAV and VNAV modes are driven by custom logic. Some
modes like TURB and AUTO LAND have been left out of the simulation.

FGCP speed:
1 3 6
7
2 5 8

1. Flight director switch
FD: Engages the left pilot flight director. Flight director steering
commands are displayed by the crossbars on the left pilot PFD.

OFF: The flight director is off and the crossbars will be removed
from the PFD.
2. FMS OVRD
Engages the FMS override mode in which the FMS target speed
can be modified through the use of the SPD/MACH select knob
while the DFGS remains under FMS VNAV control. SPD or MACH
will be used depending on AP selected mode and cross-over
between SPD and MACH inputs will be performed.
3. SPD SEL autothrottle mode button

Engages speed select mode. The autothrottle will control engine
thrust to achieve and maintain the selected IAS. No EPR limits will
be taken into account. Not available while VNAV mode is selected,
or when a Takeoff mode is selected in the TRP.
4. MACH SEL autothrottle mode button

Engages Mach select mode. The autothrottle will control engine
thrust to achieve and maintain the selected Mach No. No EPR
limits will be taken into account. Not available while VNAV mode is
selected, or when an Takeoff mode is selected in the TRP.
5. EPR LIM autothrottle mode button
Engages EPR limit mode. The autothrottle will control engines

thrust to achieve and maintain the thrust rating selected on the
TRP (Thrust Rating Panel).
6. Autothrottle SPD/MACH readout
Indicates airspeed or Mach selected with SPD/MCH select knob.
7. Autothrottle SPD/MACH select knob

The knob controls IAS/MACH selection. Pushing the knob changes
between SPD and MACH selection/readout.
8. AUTO THROT (AT) switch
Engages the autothrottle.
FGCP lateral and vertical navigation:

1 2 7 9 10
3 11
6 8
4 5 12
1. NAV mode button (roll mode)
Arms the FGS to capture and track a course given by the Flight
Management System. Aircraft must be set on interception course
for the DFGC to acquire the track correctly.
2. VOR LOC mode button (roll mode)
Arms the FGS to capture and track a selected VOR or Localizer

beam. FD roll command bar will display roll commands and the
autopilot will fly the aircraft to capture and track the selected
beam. Aircraft must be set on interception course for the DFGC to
acquire the track correctly.
3. ILS mode button
Arms the FGS to capture and track a selected localizer course and
glideslope. FD command bars will display roll and pitch commands
and AP will fly the aircraft to capture and track localizer and
glideslope. Aircraft must be set on interception course for the
DFGC to acquire the track correctly.
4. AUTOLAND mode button
5. Heading (HDG) select knob
Normal position provides heading select.
Pushing fully in cancels any armed roll mode, engages heading

hold mode and the aircraft will hold existing heading.
Pulling the knob engages the heading select mode.
In either mode the FD roll command bar will display commands

and the autopilot will fly the aircraft to maintain the heading.
6. Bank angle selector (inside the HDG knob)
The knob selects the maximum bank angle. It has five detents
from 10° to 30° and limits the bank angle in all non-FMS modes.
7. HEADING readout
Digital readout of selected heading.
8. Pitch wheel
By default, the rotation of this wheel sets the vertical speed and
engages the VERT SPEED mode. Also sets IAS/MACH if IAS/MACH
mode is engaged.
9. Pitch profile readout
Displays the operating mode:
V for vertical speed.
M for Mach.

S for IAS.

Pitch reference:

Plus (+) for climb

Minus (-) for descent.

VS or IAS/Mach selected values.
10. VERT SPD mode button
Selects vertical speed mode. Vertical speed can be adjusted by

the PCW. FD pitch command bar displays pitch commands to
maintain selected vertical speed and autopilot, if engaged, will
maintain selected vertical speed by pitch control.
11. IAS MACH mode button
Above 25,000 ft selects existing Mach number, can be adjusted by

the PCW. If desired, the IAS mode can be selected by pressing the
button a second time.
Below 25,000 ft selects existing airspeed for IAS control mode.

If desired Mach mode can be selected by pressing the button a
second time.
FD pitch command bar displays pitch commands to maintain

selected Mach or IAS. Autopilot, if engaged, will adjust pitch
attitude to maintain selected Mach or IAS.
12. VNAV mode button
Pushing selects FMS vertical guidance function if autothrottle is

already engaged. Pitch commands are provided to FD and AP,
while thrust commands are provided to the autothrottle.
FGCP altitude preselect:
3 5
1
2 4
1. ALT HOLD mode button
Selects existing altitude for flight guidance system altitude hold

mode. FD pitch command displays pitch commands to maintain
altitude and the autopilot will hold existing altitude by pitch
control.
2. AP ON switch
Engages the autopilot.
3. Altitude preselect readout
Digital readout of preselected altitude in the range 000 to

50,000 ft.
4. ALT set knob

Rotating the knob controls the preselected altitude.
Pulling the knob provides instant arming for capture of

preselected altitude.

5. Flight director switch
Connects and disconnects the FD and shows/hides FD bars in

PFDs.
7. VHF NAV 2 (VOR 1) frequency/course selector and readout
8. EXTERIOR LIGHTS panel
1 2 3

1. GRD FLOOD LTS switches
Ground flood lights ON/OFF (left and right side).

2. ANTI COLLISION lights switch

ON/OFF.

3. POS/STROBE lights switch

OFF - Forward and aft position lights and strobe lights are off.
POS - Turns on forward and aft position lights only.
BOTH - Turns on the forward and aft position lights and strobe
lights. Strobe lights will come on when the nosewheel is off the
ground.
4. WING/NACELLE FLOOD LTS switch
OFF - All wing leading edge and engine nacelle floodlights are off.
ON - Both wing leading edge and both engine nacelle floodlights

are on.
9. FGCP Modes Buttons and Edge Lighting Knob
Controls intensity of FGCP mode buttons and panel background lighting.
10. FGCP Digital Lights Knob
Controls intensity of FGCP digital readouts.
2. 4. Left pilot side
3 6
5
1 7
4 8

1. EMERGENCY OXYGEN MASK p. 64

2. FOLDING TABLE p. 64
3. EFIS MODE SELECT PANEL p. 64
4. AUDIO SELECTOR PANEL p. 65
5. NOSE GEAR STEERING WHEEL p. 66
6. CONTROL WHEEL TRIM SWITCH p. 66

7. CHART HOLDER p. 66

8. PARK BRAKE control p. 66
2. 5. Left Pilot Side 63

1. EMERGENCY OXYGEN MASK

2. FOLDING TABLE
3. EFIS MODE SELECT PANEL
3
2
1

1. MODE Selector
Selects ROSE, ARC, MAP or PLAN mode on ND.
2. ADF Selector
OFF - No ADF pointers are displayed on ND.
ADF - Outer knob displays ADF-1 and inner knob

displays ADF-2 on ND.
3. RANGE Selector
Selects desired range for ARC, MAP and PLAN modes.
4. MAP Declutter Buttons (4)
Push to display navaids (N-AID), airports (APRT), data (DATA) and

waypoints data (WPT).

4. AUDIO SELECTOR PANEL
4
3
1. Microphone Switchlights
Push to select desired transmitter. Integral light illuminates.
A mechanical interlock prevents the selection of more than one

transmitter at a time.
2. INT/RADIO Switch
INT: (Push) Keys flight interphone for mask or boom microphone

operation.
RADIO: (Push) Keys radio transmitter for mask or boom microphone

operation.
3. VOICE/IDENT Switch
VOICE: Morse code signals are filtered out.
CENTER: No filtering. All signals are present on audio output.
IDENT: Voice signals are filtered out.
4. Volume Control Levers (12)
Levers slide to adjust volume. All receivers can be monitored

simultaneously.

5. NOSE GEAR STEERING WHEEL
Provides control of nose wheel steering through an arc approximately 82

degrees left and right during ground operation.
6. CONTROL WHEEL TRIM SWITCH

7. CHART HOLDER

8. PARK BRAKE control
To set parking brakes, depress brake pedals, lift PARK BRAKE control,
then release brakes. When set, parking brakes are released by depressing
either set of brake pedals.
If throttles are advanced with parking brakes set, an intermittent takeoff

warning horn and vocal warning “BRAKES” are sounded.
Custom comand: Rotate/md80/systems/parking_brake_toggle

2. 5. Left pilot instrument panel
6
5
2 3 4
9 8
1
7
15
10
16 14
13
12 11
17
1. MACH/IAS INDICATOR p. 68 11. MAG/TRU switch p. 83
2. BELOW G/S light p. 69 12. NAVIGATION DISPLAY

and reset switch
Fail Messages p. 84
3. TERRAIN warning light p. 69
Rose Mode p. 85
4. PFD (Primary Flight
Display) p. 69 ARC Mode p. 87
5. FMA (Flight Mode p. 73 Map Mode p. 89

Annunciator)
Plan Mode p. 91
6. BRAKE PRESSURE GAUGE p. 80
13. COMPASS
7. FD (Flight Director) LIGHT p. 80 INDICATOR RMI p. 92

8. DIMMING PANEL p. 81 14. DIGITAL CLOCK p. 92

9. PRIMARY ALTIMETER p. 81 15. FLOOR LTS Switch p. 93
10. VSI (Vertical Speed 16. STATIC AIR Selector p. 93

Ind.)/TCAS display p. 83
17. Instrument Panel Lights p. 93
67
1. MACH/IAS INDICATOR
1
4
5 2
3
1. WHITE BUGS

Values for V1, Vr, and V2 are set in the CDU. The bug will be set
automatically to indicate V1, Vr, V2 and V-flaps retract during
takeoff and climb, and to Vref + 5 for clean, flaps 15o, flaps 28o
and flaps 40o during descent and approach. Only available if CDU
pre-flight pages are completed and executed.
2. AIRSPEED COMMAND BUG (amber)
Set with SPD/MACH select knob and IAS/MACH wheel in FGCP,

depending on the selected mode.
3. Vmo POINTER
The red and white pointer reads the maximum permissible

airspeed related to altitude.
4. AIRSPEED POINTER (white)
Indicates computed airspeed IAS.
5. MACH READOUT
Mach number is the digital readout. The readout will never be less
than 0.15.
2. 6. Left Pilot I. P. 68
2. BELOW G/S light and reset switch

Illuminated - Indicates excessive deviation below glide slope when the
airplane is below 1,000 feet radio altitude. Light is accompanied by voice
warning “GLIDE SLOPE”.
Pushing switch-light will inhibit or cancel the warning, and light will persist
while alert is inhibited.
3. TERRAIN warning light

Light comes on to indicate penetration of warning envelopes in the GPWS
system.
4. PFD (Primary Flight Display)
Primary Flight Display Fail Messages:
1. ATT FAIL Message
Indicates attitude information is lost.
2. F/S FAIL Message
Indicates loss of valid speed deviation information.
3. R/A FAIL Message
Indicates loss of valid radio altimeter information.
4. LOC FAIL Message
Indicates loss of valid localizer signal for tuned frequency.
5. F/D FAIL
Indicates flight director information is lost.
6. G/S FAIL Message
Indicates loss of valid glideslope signal for tuned frequency.
13 1 2
9
12
3
5
4
6
7
10 11
8
1. Bank Angle Index
2. DH Symbol
DH (Green) - Followed by set value (0-500 feet).
DH (Amber) - At decision height, DH set value is removed, symbol

changes from green to amber and becomes larger.
3. DH Reference Bug
Sets in conjunction with DH set value with the DH set knob on

respective EFIS dimming panel.
4. Height Reference Index
Indicates current altitude above terrain. Tape indicates 0 to 2,500

feet.
5. F/S Display
Indicates fast/slow indications referenced to autothrottle SPD/

MACH readout or FMS target speed. Full deflection either side of
center equals approximately 10 knots.
6. Command Bar
Provides pitch and roll guidance commands from DFGC. Flight

director must be switched on for the bars to be visible.
7. ILS/NAV indicator
Shows ILS/NAV, and associated CDI when the corresponding signal

is available.
ILS 1/2 (ambar) will be shown when Radio NAV selector in the
overhead is out of Normal position.
8. Slip Indicator
Indicates airplane is either slipping or skidding if ball is displaced

from center.
9. Glide Slope Deviation Display
Shows vertical deviation from glide slope. Display is removed

when a glideslope signal is not present.
10. Ground Speed Indicator
Indicates Ground Speed. It only appears above 10,000ft.
11. Expanded Localizer Deviation
Full scale deflection indicates deviation of 1/3 dot of course

deviation bar from LOC course. During NAV mode pointer indicates
deviation from FMS course (2.5nm per dot). LOC indication takes
precedence over NAV.
12. WINDSHR alerts
WINDSHR (red) Upper Red - Indicates detection of decreasing

performance shear.
WINDSHR (amber) Lower Amber - Indicates detection of an

increasing performance shear.
13. Pitch Limit Indicator (PLI)
Appears when airplane reaches 60 KIAS and the airplane is at or

below 1,500 AGL.
If the slats are extended, the PLI will be displayed at any altitude.
PLI indicates relationship of airplane angle of attack to stick
shaker angle of attack.
5. FMA (Flight Mode Annunciator)
1 2
3
T A R P

1. THROTTLE light (red).
The light flashesh when the autothrottle is disengaged. It goes off

when autothrottle dissengage button is pressed again.
Custom command for Autothrottle Disconnect: Rotate/md80/

autopilot/at_disc
2. AP (AutoPilot) light (red).
The light flashesh when the autopilot is disengaged. It goes off

when autopilot dissengage button is pressed again.
Custom command for Autopilot Disconnect: Rotate/md80/

autopilot/ap_disc
ILS (amber)
Lights illuminate on both FMAs to indicate a deviation

between LOC/GS -1 and -2 signals. When a failure is
detected (flag in view), light on side that has failed will flash
and light on opposite side will illuminate.
HORIZON (amber)
Lights illuminate on both FMAs to indicate a difference in

pitch and roll attitude between Captain’s and F/O’s PFDs.
When a failure is detected (flag in view), light on side
that has failed will flash and light on opposite side will
illuminate.
HEADING (amber)
Lights illuminate on both FMAs to indicate a difference

between heading information. When a failure is detected
(flag in view), light on side that has failed will flash and light
on opposite side will illuminate.
NO AUTOLAND (amber)
Indicates autoland is not available.
AP TRIM (amber)
Indicates a sustained out-of-trim horizontal stabilizer

condition of autopilot. Light cannot be reset and will remain
illuminated until condition is corrected or autopilot is
disengaged.
MONITOR (amber)
Lights illuminate on both FMAs to indicate a failure of

comparator monitor. ILS, HORIZON, and HEADING lights are
not reliable.
FD (blue)
Indicates associated flight director is engaged.
3. AP 1 light (blue)
T: AUTOTHROTTLE MODE ANNUNCIATION.

A: ARMED MODE ANNUNCIATION.

R: ROLL MODE ANNUNCIATION.

P: PITCH MODE ANNUNCIATION.
T: AUTOTHROTTLE MODE ANNUNCIATIONS (Green):
CLMP FMS
Throttles clamped with FMS engaged in CRZ DES.
FMS IDLE
(FMS VNAV mode engaged.) Throttles being controlled by

FMS for idle setting.
CLMP
ATS in clamp mode. Power is removed from ATS servo

(throttles remain stationary).
RETD
ATS in retard mode. Throttles automatically retarded at 50

feet.
ALFA SPD
ATS in ALFA speed mode. Throttles controlled to maintain a

safe margin above stall speed.
FLAP LIM
ATS controlling throttles to prevent exceeding flap limit

airspeed. Occurs automatically when a reference airspeed
greater than flap design limit airspeed is selected.
SLAT LIM
ATS controlling throttles to prevent exceeding slat limit

airspeed. Occurs automatically when a reference airspeed
greater than slat design limit airspeed is selected.
VMO LIM
Indicates that ATS is automatically limited to not exceed

maximum operating airspeed (VMO).
MMO LIM
Indicates that ATS is automatically limited to not exceed

maximum operating Mach number (MMO).
SPD ATL/MACH ATL
ATS limit when operating in SPD SEL or MACH SEL mode,

as applicable. Automatically occurs when ATS throttle
command would exceed EPR limit.
LOW LIM
Occurs automatically when ATS throttle command would

require a throttle setting lower than the minimum authority
limit.
EPR CL
ATS in EPR LIM mode with CL thrust selected. Throttles

controlled to maintain climb thrust.
EPR CR
ATS in EPR LIM mode with CR thrust selected. Throttles

controlled to maintain cruise thrust limit.
EPR G/A
ATS in go around mode with G/A thrust selected. Throttles

controlled to maintain EPR G/A thrust limit.
EPR MCT
ATS in EPR LIM mode with MCT thrust selected. Throttles

controlled to maintain maximum continuous thrust.
EPR T/O
ATS in EPR LIM mode with T/O thrust selected. Throttles

controlled to maintain EPR Limit takeoff thrust.
EPR 23
ATS in EPR LIM mode with 23° selected by ASSUMED TEMP

selector (assumed temperature selected will be displayed) and
flexible takeoff thrust selected. Throttles are being controlled
to maintain derated takeoff thrust.
FMS EPR
(VNAV mode engaged.) Throttles controlled by FMS to

maintain selected EPR limit.
FMS SPD
(VNAV mode engaged.) Throttles controlled by FMS to

maintain FMS selected speed.
MACH 784
ATS in Mach select mode. Throttles controlled to maintain .784

Mach as selected in SPD MACH readout.
OVRD XXX (where XXX is the speed selected)
(VNAV mode engaged.) When FMS OVRD is selected, throttles

are controlled to maintain speed in FGCP SPD MACH readout
and ignore FMS target speeds.
SPD 250
ATS in speed select mode. Throttles controlled to maintain 250

KIAS as selected in SPD MACH readout.
PWR
Automatic power-up test in progress. (Occurs approximately 2

minutes after landing).
WND SHR
ATS is engaged and windshear is detected, a speed bias is

being added by the windshear computer.
A: ARM MODE ANNUNCIATOR (Amber):
XXX
Altitude preselect armed for automatic capture of selected

altitude. The FMA shows selected FL.
ILS
ILS mode armed for automatic capture of localizer and glide

slope of selected ILS.
LOC
LOC mode armed for automatic capture of selected localizer

course.
NAV
FMS NAV mode is armed.
VOR
VOR mode armed for automatic capture of selected VOR

course.
UP
Automatic power-test in progress (Occurs approximately 2

minutes after landing).
R: ROLL MODE ANNUNCIATIONS (Green):
HDG HLD
Heading hold (roll basic mode) engaged and existing magnetic

heading maintained.
HDG SEL
Heading select mode engaged and heading selected in HDG

readout maintained.
LOC TRK
LOC or ILS mode engaged and airplane is tracking localizer

course.
NAV TRK
NAV mode is engaged and FMS is tracking the active lateral

path.
TAK OFF
Flight director takeoff mode engaged.
NAV CAP
Nav engaged and capturing a new lateral course, or if bank

angles greater than 10° are required.
TST
Automatic power-up test in progress. (Occurs approximately 2

minutes after landing.).
P: PITCH MODE ANNUNCIATIONS (Green):
ALT HLD
DFGS is providing flight director/autopilot with guidance

commands to maintain the steady state barometric altitude at
which altitude hold mode was engaged.
G/S TRK
ILS mode engaged and airplane is tracking glideslope.
IAS
IAS hold mode engaged and indicated airspeed maintained by

pitch attitude.
MACH
MACH hold mode engaged and MACH number maintained by

pitch attitude.
TAK OFF
Flight director takeoff mode engaged.
VERT SPD
Vertical speed (a pitch basic mode) engaged. Airplane vertical

speed maintained by pitch attitude.
VNAV CLB
(VNAV mode engaged.) Climb pitch attitude as determined by

FMS.
VNAV DES
(VNAV mode engaged.) Descent attitude maintained by pitch

attitude as determined by FMS.
VNAV LVL
(VNAV mode engaged.) Altitude maintained by pitch attitude

as determined by the FMS.
BOX 1 (2)
Automatic power-up test in progress (Occurs approximately 2

minutes after landing.).
WND SHR
Windshear pitch mode is engaged.
6. BRAKE PRESSURE GAUGE
Indicates L/R brake system hydraulic pressure. Values correspond

to pressure in brake accumulators. Accumulators provide hydraulic
preassure during a limited period even when hydraulic pumps are off.
7. FD (Flight Director) LIGHT

8. DIMMING PANEL

1. TEST button
2 2. DH set knob
1
With the DH set knob a decision height
between 0 and 500 feet can be set.
Readout is in the upper right of the PFD.
3 3. PFD brightness control
Turning the control clockwise will increase

brightness of the PFD.
4. ND brightness control (outer large

4 knob)
Turning the control clockwise will increase

brightness of the ND.

9. PRIMARY ALTIMETER

2
1
4
5
1. ALTITUDE ADVISORY LIGHT (amber)

The light will come on when the aircraft enters the advisory
threshold 750 feet above or below the selected altitude. The light
will extinguish when coming less than 250 feet from selected
altitude. If aircraft deviates more than 250 feet from selected and
previously acquired altitude, the light will come on in combination
with an aural tone. Alert is reset when a new altitude is entered
or armed.
2. ALTITUDE REFERENCE index

Index is set by the reference index knob.
3. DIGITAL ALTITUDE read out
Indicates barometric altitude from 0 feet to 50,000 feet. The

right hand two digit drum rotates continuously and is divided in
10 feet increments. The left hand drum is divided in 1,000 feet
increments and the 10,000 feet field is green when below 10,000
feet.

4. BARO set knob
The knob is rotated to set the reference pressure as shown in the

readout.
5. REFERENCE INDEX set knob

Used to set altitude reference index as desired. Before takeoff the
index is set to clean up altitude in case of engine failure, normally
departure airport pressure altitude + 800 feet. During approach
and landing the index is set to CAT I minima.
10. VSI (Vertical Speed Indicator)/TCAS display
This Instrument combines the Vertical Speed Indicator and the TCAS
display.

1. TRAFFIC ADVISORY Selector
Only active while TCAS display is present. Pushbutton will toggle

ON/OFF TA/VSI traffic display.
2. Aircraft Symbol
3. Brightness control
For TCAS description, see chapter 2.10 TCAS
11. MAG/TRU annunciator switch
MAG: all compass cards referenced to magnetic north.
TRU: ND compass card is referenced to true north.
12. NAVIGATION DISPLAY
Navigation Display Fail Messages:
HDG FAIL message
Indicates compass heading displayed on ND is not usable.
G/S FAIL message
Indicates loss of valid glideslope signal for tuned frequency.
VOR/LOC FAIL message
Indicates loss of valid VOR/LOC signal for tuned frequency.
ADF FAIL message
Rose mode:
2 3 4
1 5
6
11
7
10
9 8
1. DME 1 readout
2. Heading Select Cursor
Indicates selected heading set by HDG knob on the flight guidance

control panel.
3. Heading readout
4. TRU
Indicates that all heading information in ND is referenced to True

North.
5. DME 2 readout
6. VOR/ILS Message
Indicates valid signal for tuned VOR/ILS is present.
7. Glide Slope and Deviation Display
Shows vertical deviation from glide slope. Glide slope display is

removed when an ILS frequency is not selected on applicable VHF
NAV control panel.
8. Symbol airplane
9. Course Deviation Bar and Scale
Indicates deviation from a selected VOR/LOC course. In LOC mode,

one dot of deviation equals 1.25 degrees.
10. To/From Pointer
Indicates direction to or from selected VOR station.
11. WAYPOINT ALERT
The alert is triggered when about to reach the current waypoint

in the route, aproximately 10 seconds before waypoint transition
starts (60 secons when airspeed is abouve 250kts).
.
ARC Mode:
1 2 3
8
5
7 6

control panel.
2. WAYPOINT ALERT
The alert is triggered when about to reach the current waypoint

in the route, aproximately 10 seconds before waypoint transition
starts (60 secons when airspeed is abouve 250kts).
3. TRU

North.
4. ADF-1 Pointer
Indicates bearing to ADF-1 station.
5. Course Deviation Bar and Scale
Indicates deviation from a selected VOR/LOC course. In LOC mode,

one dot of deviation equals 1.25 degrees.
6. ADF Message
Indicates respective ADF bearing pointer source.
7. VOR/ILS Message
Indicates valid signal for tuned VOR/ILS is present.
8. Course Pointer
Indicates selected VOR/LOC course as set by CRS select knob on

applicable VHF NAV control panel.
Map Mode:
1
2
8
3
4
5
6
1. TRU

North.
2. Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA)
Displays estimated time of arrival to the next waypoint in the route,

in zulu time.
3. NAV
Indicates NAV guidance is available.
4. Range Arc
Located outside of range circle and labelled with one half the range
selected on MSP.
5. Vertical Navigation Deviation
Indicates vertical navigation deviation from FMS profile in descent

phase. Full scale represents +/- 1,000 feet.
6. Altitude range arc
When intersected with the track line, it predictsthe point where the
reference altitude will be reached at current vertical rate.
7. WIND display
Indicates current wind direction and magnitude.

control panel.
Plan Mode:
1. Estimate Time of Arrival (ETA)
Displays estimated time of arrival to the next waypoint in the route,

in zulu time.
2. Range Mark
Located outside of range circle and labelled with one half the
range selected on MSP.
13. COMPASS INDICATOR RMI
Shows direction to VOR1 and

2 and ADF1 and 2, and DME
information when it is available.
14. DIGITAL CLOCK
1 2
1. Chronometer.
2. UTC: controls the time in the simulator.
15. FLOOR LTS Switch
Provides BRT, DIM, and OFF for cockpit floor lights.
16. STATIC AIR Selector
17. Instrument Panel Lights
1 2 3
1. Panel
Controls the brightness of the main instrument panel and the

pedestal lights.
2. Digital
Controls the brightness of the main instrument panel and pedestal

digital readouts.
3. Flood:
Controls the brightness of the main panel spot lights, located

below the glareshield.
2. 6. Center instrument panel
1 2
3 4
11 10 7
6
13
8 5
9
12
14
1. ENGINE FIRE PANEL p. 96 8. WHEEL NOT TURNING

light p. 97
2. ART (Automatic Reserve
Thrust) p. 96 9. FUEL QTY DISPLAY p. 98
3. GEAR DOOR OPEN light p. 97 10. SYSTEM PANEL p. 99

4. LANDING GEAR lights p. 97 11. ENGINE PANEL p. 101
5. LANDING GEAR handle p. 97 12. STANDBY ALTITUDE/

AIRSPEED INDICATOR p. 102
6. THRUST RATING PANEL p. 97
13. STANDBY HORIZON p. 102
7. ART LIGHT p. 97
14. GEAR HANDLE RELEASE
button p. 102
95
1. ENGINE FIRE PANEL

1 2
3 4 5

1. ENG FIRE handle left engine
Light Illuminated: Associated engine fire is detected or the system

fire test is in progress.
Pull: (Fully extended position) Silences the aural warning, shuts off
associated engine fuel, hydraulic and pneumatic systems, and
trips generator.
Rotate: Discharges respective fire extinguishing agent into the

engine cowling.

2. ENG FIRE handle right engine
3. LOOPS TEST Button A
Push: Tests associated fire detection system loop(s) circuits.
4. FIRE BELL OFF
Push: Silences aural warnings for engine fire.
5. LOOPS TEST Button B
2. ART Switch (Automatic Reserve Thrust)
AUTO/OFF position. The ART system provides automatic engine failure

detection and subsequent thrust increase to maximum takeoff thrust on the
operating engine. This is a function in the engine fuel control.
2. 7. Center Instrument Panel 96

3. GEAR DOOR OPEN light
Indicates a main gear door is not closed with gear handle up.
4. LANDING GEAR lights
5. LANDING GEAR handle
6. THRUST RATING PANEL
7. ART LIGHT
The ART system green READY light is illuminated when:
The ART switch is in AUTO.
Aircraft is on the ground (minimum 20 seconds).
Both engines operating (valid N1).
Slats extended.

8. WHEEL NOT TURNING light

9. FUEL QTY DISPLAY
Displays fuel quantities for the different tanks, total and gross weight.
Default units are KGs. LBs can be selected in the management page in the
CDU.
1 2
1. TEST Knob
Position A selects channel A; position B selects channel B. Push

to test selected channel. Each tank digital readout displays 3,000.
TOTAL FUEL displays 9,000. GROSS WT displays ZFW plus 9,000.
2. ZFW Set Knob
Calculated zero fuel weight (ZFW) is set by pushing in and rotating

knob in required direction. Release knob and ZFW plus fuel
quantity indicates gross weight. As fuel is used, quantity shown
decreases to represent actual gross weight.
98
10. SYSTEM PANEL

1
1. RAT (Ram Air Temperature) readout
2
Approximately the same as TAT (Total Air
3 4 Temperature).
5 2. FUEL TEMP readout

7 6 Indicates temperature of fuel downstream
of fuel heater.
8
3. OIL PRESS readout
9
Indicates oil pressure downstream of main
oil filter.
10 4. Engine OIL PRESS Light
Amber: Illuminates at or below 80 psi.
11 12 13 14 Red: Illuminates at or below 60 psi.
5. OIL TEMP readout
6. Engine OIL TEMP Light
Amber: Illuminates when oil temperature is at or above 155°.
Red: Illuminates at or above 165°.
7. OIL QUANTITY readout
Indicates quantity of usable oil in tank.
8. HYDRAULIC PRESS readout
Indicates system hydraulic pressure. PRESS LOW and TEMP HIGH

warnings are found on the overhead annunciator.

9. HYD QTY readout
Indicates quantity of hydraulic fluid in reservoir.
10. FLAP POSITION indicator

Indicates position of left/right outboard flap.
11. SLAT advisory T/O blue light
Indicates FLAP/SLAT handle and slats are in takeoff range.
12. SLAT advisory DISAG amber light
Indicates left and right wing slats position do not agree with each
other and/or with handle position.
13. SLAT advisory AUTO blue light
Indicates slats have automatically extended from mid to extend

position by stall warning system.
14. SLAT advisory LAND green light
Indicates FLAP/SLAT handle is set at 28° or 40° of flap and slats

are fully extended.

100
11. ENGINE PANEL
1
2
6
7

8 9
1. EPR LIMIT readout

Indicates EPR limit as selected on the thrust rating panel and
calculated by the digital flight guidance computer.
2. REVERSE THRUST lights

3. EPR indicator
Indicates Engine Pressure Ratio (EPR). Actual EPR is indicated by

the single pointer and by digits with .01 EPR increments. The active
EPR limit is indicated by the “EPR reference bug” (double pointer).

4. N1 indicator
Indicates low pressure compressor speed in % rpm. The value is

indicated by the pointer and by digits with 1% increment.
N1 digits flast when they exceed redline limits.
5. EGT

Indicates exhaust gas temperature at fourth turbine stage in °C.
The temperature is indicated by the pointer and digits with 1°
increments.
EGT digits will flash when start EGT rate or start EGT values exceed
predetermined values. In addition, EGT digits also flash when
normal operating EGT values exceed redline limit.
6. N2 indicator
Indicates high pressure compressor speed in % rpm. The value is

indicated by the pointer and by digits with 1% increment.
N2 digits flast when they exceed redline limits.
7. FUEL FLOW/USED readout
Readouts indicate fuel flow rate delivered to engine.
8. PPH Button
Push: Momentary display of fuel used.
9. FUEL USED/RESET Button
Push - Resets FUEL FLOW/USED readout to “0”. Button is recessed

to prevent inadvertent reset.
12. STANDBY ALTITUDE/AIRSPEED INDICATOR
13. STANDBY HORIZON
14. GEAR HANDLE RELEASE button

2. 7. Right pilot instrument panel
2
3
1. TAS/SAT INDICATOR p. 105

2. HYDRAULIC PUMPS p. 105

3. WHEEL BRAKE TEMPERATURE indicator p. 106
2. 8. Right Pilot I. P. 104

1. TAS/SAT INDICATOR

Readout of True Airspeed and Static Air temperature.
2. HYDRAULIC PUMPS
1. HYD PUMP ENG

HI: 3,000 psi. Hydraulic pressure is
2 available from respective engine
pump.
LOW: 1,500 psi available.

OFF: No pressure output from re-
3 spective engine. Hydraulic fluid will
circulate for pump lubrication and
cooling.
2. AUX.

ON: 3,000 psi. Hydraulic pressure is available from electrical auxil-
iary pump.
OFF: No pressure output from auxiliary pump.
OVRD: Auxiliary pump turned on at 3,000 psi.
3. TRANS.
Systems 1 and 2 are physically connected so that one can take pres-
sure from the other in case one of them fails or AUX is used.


3. WHEEL BRAKE TEMPERATURE indicator
1 2
4 3
1. OVHT Light (amber)
Illuminates when brake temperature exceeds 305°C.
2. Brake Temp TEST Button
Tests brake temperature sensors and OVHT light. BRAKE TEMP gauge
drives to test band and OVHT light illuminates. The OVHT light flashes
if faulty temperature sensor is detected during test.
3. Brake Temp Selector
When ALL is selected, BRAKE TEMP gauge displays temperature of

hottest brake. When rotated from ALL, selects individual brake
temperature.
4. BRAKE TEMP Gauge
Indicates hottest or selected brake temperature depending on the

position of the Brake Temp selector.

107
2. 8. Forward pedestal
1 2 3
12
11 25
13 22
9 14
10 15 20
16
4
21 24
5 8 18
17 19
6
23
7
1. L/P MCDU (Multi Control 6. FLAP readout p. 166

and Display Unit) p. 110
7. CENTER OF GRAVITY
2. WEATHER RADAR panel p. 165 thumb wheel (left)
and FLAP thumb wheel
3. R/P MCDU p. 166 (right) p. 166
4. TAKEOFF CONDITION 8. LONG TRIM takeoff

LONG TRIM p. 166 position indicator p. 167
5. CENTER of GRAVITY 9. LONGITUDINAL TRIM

indicator p. 166 handles p. 167
2. 9. Forward Pedestal 108

12
11 25
13 22
14
10 15 20
16
24
21
18
17 19
23
10. LONG TRIM indicator p. 167 17. ALT LONG TRIM levers p. 168
11. SPOILER/SPEED BRAKE 18. GEAR HORN OFF bttn. p. 168

handle p. 167
19. CABIN ALTITUDE
12. RUDDER HYDRAULIC CONTROL lever p. 168
CONDITION lever p. 167
20. CABIN ALT cntrl. wheel p. 168
13. THRUST REVERSER
LEVERS (left/right 21. OUTFLOW VALVE position
engine) p. 167 indicator p. 169
14. THROTTLES (left/right 22. FLAP/SLAT lever p. 169

engine) p. 167
23. FLAP TO SELECTOR p. 169
15. TOGA button,
Takeoff/go-around p. 168 24. FLAP TO selector wdw. p. 169
16. FUEL CONTROL levers 25. FUEL X-FEED Lever p. 169

(left/right engine) p. 168

1. L/P MCDU (Multi Control and Display Unit)
2 1 2
8 3
7 4
6 5
The MCDU is the interface between the pilot and FMC (Flight
Management Computer).
1. Data Display Area
CRT is partitioned into three areas:
Left Field: Divided vertically into 6 lines of information that extend

from the left side of the display to the center.
Right Field: Divided vertically into 6 lines of information that extend

from the center to the right side of the display.
Scratchpad: Located at the bottom of the display. Displays typed

alphanumeric characters and FMC generated messages.

2. Line Select Keys (LSK)
Push provides for the entry, selection, or deletion of information on

an adjacent line.
3. BRT Knob
Rotate to manually adjusts brightness of CRT display.
4. Message Light
5. Miscellaneous Keys
CLR Key: Push to clear data in the scratchpad. By pressing and

holding the CLR key, all data in the scratchpad will be deleted at
once
/ Key: Used as a data separator.
DEL Key: Used to delete data in a data field if allowed.
6. +/- Key
Numeric values entered are assumed to be positive. If it is a

negative value, pushing the key enters a minus. Pushing a second
time changes to a plus.
7. Alpha/Numeric Keys
Push: Enters selected character into the scratchpad.
8. Function Keys
EXEC: Command key of the FMS. Used to implement changes to the

active flight plan.
NEXT PAGE: Displays next page of multiple pages.
PREV PAGE: Displays previous page of multiple pages.
INIT REF: Selects next uncomplete page.
RTE: Selects RTE 1.

DIR INTC: Selects page for flying direct to. Expects the user to input
the waypoint in the route to fly direct-to. Input a waypoint not in the
route and it will be added as current waypoint, and a DISC after it.
HOLD: Allows definition of a holding pattern at any desired

waypoint or present position.
LEGS: Provides detailed data concerning every leg of a flight plan

and allows data to be entered for each leg.
DEP ARR: Provides for selection of departure and/or arrival

procedures and runways.
PROG: Displays of current dynamic flight information such as

distance to go, fuel weight, wind,...
CLB: Displays current or planned climb mode.
CRZ: Displays current or planned cruise mode.
DES: Displays current or planned descent mode.
MENU: Selects MENU page to choose subsystems.

MCDU pages:
Initialization/Reference Index Page:
The INIT/REF INDEX page provides manual selection of FMC

pages. It provides access to pages used during preflight
and not normally used in flight.
Identification (IDENT)
Displays the IDENT page, the first page in the automatic

preflight sequence.
Position (POS)
Displays the POS INIT page used for IRS initialization.
Performance (PERF)
Displays the PERF INIT page for initialization of data

required for VNAV operations and performance predictions.
TAKEOFF
Displays the TAKEOFF REF page to enter takeoff reference

information and V speeds.
2. 9. 1. / MCDU Pages 113

APPROACH
Displays the APPROACH REF page for entry of the approach

VREF speed.
RTE RESET (not in the real aircraft)
Resets the current route.
RTE SAVE (not in the real aircraft)
Allows the current route to be saved to disk for later

reloading. The route will be saved as a standard DEP-APT
SID VIA/WP sequence STAR ARR-APT in a text file (with .txt
extension) in the “saved-routes” located inside the aircraft
folder. Sample route:
KLAX SID RZS J501 BSR STAR KSFO
Input the name of the file in the scratchpad (max 10

characters) and press the function key. The system will add
the “.txt” extension.
2. 9. 1. / MCDU Pages 114

ACFT MGMT (not in the real aircraft)
Displays the aircraft management page. Miscellaneous
settings are accessible through this page, like GPU request,
doors, and weight units.
GPU
Connects/disconnects the Ground Power Unit.
GPS (Ground Pneumatic Source)
Connects/disconnects the Ground Pneumatic Source. Due

to X Plane’s native implementation, GPS only provides
pneumatic pressure fot A/C, not for engine’s start.
XXX DOOR
Open/closes the respective door (forward door, aft door and

cargo doors).
FWD STAIRS
Deploy/retract the forward stairs.
WT IN XXX CHG
Changes weight units between kg and lb.
115
Identification Page:
Most of the data on this page is for crew verification.
The crew verifies FMC data and navigation database
information.
MODEL
Displays the airplane model from the FMC performance

database.
Navigation Data (NAV DATA)
Displays the navigation database and cycle identifier.
VERSION
Displays the version of the aircraft.
INDEX
Push displays the INIT/REF INDEX page.
Engine Rating (ENG RATING)
Displays the engine model and nominal thrust of the

aircraft’s engines.
2. 9. 1. / MCDU Pages 116

Active from / to Date (ACTIVE FROM/TO)
Displays the effectivity date range information of the

current installed database. Database is installed in the
“NavData” folder inside the aircraft folder.
Position Initialization (POS INIT)
Push displays the POS INIT page.
2. 9. 1. / MCDU Pages 117

Position Initialization Page:
The POS INIT page allows airplane present position entry for
IRS alignment and FMC initialization.
(Squares indicate mandatory entries;

underscores indicate optional entries)
Reference Airport (REF AIRPORT)
The reference airport entry allows entry of the current

airport for display of the airport latitude/longitude. You
must input your departure airport before you can proceed
with the rest of the route. This field cannot be DELETEd. You
can reset the route completely with the RTE RESET control
in the MENU page.
Greenwich Mean Time Month/Day (GMT-MON/DY)
Displays the time and date from the captain’s clock.
INDEX
GPS Position (GPS POS)
Displays the current GPS computed position.
2. 9. 1. / MCDU Pages 118

Set IRS Position (SET IRS POS)
The set inertial position entry is required to initialize the

IRS. Select the most accurate latitude/longitude for the
initialization. A displayed latitude/longitude can be selected,
copied and pasted, or a manual entry can be used.
Entry of the IRS position is possible only after IRS ALIGN

procedure has been initialized (see overhead panel).
If an entry is not made before the IRS finishes the initial

alignment, the scratchpad message ENTER IRS POS is
displayed. The alignment period takes about 5 minutes to
complete.
ROUTE
Push displays the ROUTE page.
2. 9. 1. / MCDU Pages 119

Route Page:
The route is entered and displayed in air traffic control
format. The first RTE page displays origin and destination
data and the first two route segments. Additional route
segments are displayed on subsequent RTE pages.
The route must be ACTIVATEd to make it current. The

ACTIVATE> prompt will be available when origin and
destination airports are selected. After ACTIVATE, EXEC
must be pressed.”
Individual portions of the route may be manually entered

by the flight crew. A pre-defined route may be loaded using
the CO ROUTE line.
Page Title (ROUTE)
Multiple route pages are indicated by the page sequence

number to the right of the title. ACT will be shown when
current route is active.
ORIGIN
Enter the ICAO airport identifier for the origin.

Departure airport must be entered before any other route
operation can be made.
2. 9. 1. / MCDU Pages 120

Valid entries must be in the navigation database. Entry
of a new origin erases the previous route. Enables direct
selection of departure and arrival procedures for the origin
airport. This field cannot be changed during flight unless it
is not defined.
Company Route (CO ROUTE)
A pre-defined route may be loaded using the CO ROUTE

line. (see RTE SAVE in MENU page). Enter the name of the
file in the scratchpad (up to 10 characters using capital
letters) and omit the extension (assumed to be “.txt”). It will
try to load the route from the “saved-routes” folder inside
your aircraft folder.
Route saved in the file must be in the form:
KLAX SID RZS J501 BSR STAR KSFO
SID and STAR procedures must be selected manually. It can

be done before or after the route has been loaded. Directs
can be inserted in the form DCT XXXXX.
RUNWAY
Enter the departure runway once the airport is set.
Destination (DEST)
Enter the ICAO airport identifier for the destination of the

route.
Entries must be in the navigation database.
Enables direct selection of arrival procedures for the

destination airport.
Automatically entered as part of a company route.
Entry and execution of a new destination clears any

runway and runway dependent approach procedure of the
previous destination. If the active leg is part of the affected
procedure, then all subsequent (inactive) legs are cleared.
Flight Number (FLT NO.)
2. 9. 1. / MCDU Pages 121

ACTIVATE
Activates the entered route. The execute light will turn on,
indicating that the activated route an be executed and the
ERASE option will appear to erase the activated route since
las EXECution.
ERASE
Erases all recent changes made to the flight plan.
2. 9. 1. / MCDU Pages 122

Route Page with Data Entries:
VIA
The VIA column displays the route segment to the waypoint

segment termination displayed in the TO column. Enter
the path which describes the route segment between the
previous waypoint and the segment termination.
Enter an airway in the VIA column and box prompts are

displayed in the TO column if the previous TO line contains
a waypoint on the airway.
Valid entries can also include procedures or DIRECT.

Procedures are normally entered through selections on
DEPARTURES and ARRIVALS pages. DIRECT is normally
entered as a result of entering a TO waypoint first.
Valid airways must:
• contain the fix entered in the TO waypoint, and
• contain the previous TO waypoint.
Dashed prompts change to DIRECT if the TO waypoint is

entered first.
Dash prompts appear for the first VIA beyond the end of the
route.
2. 9. 1. / MCDU Pages 123

Invalid VIA entries display the scratchpad entry INVALID
ENTRY.
Invalid VIA entries are:
• airways which do not contain the TO waypoint of the

previous line.
• airways that are not in the navigation database.
When entering airways, the beginning and ending

waypoints determine if the entry is valid. The route
segment must contain the waypoint entered in the TO
position. The TO waypoint of the previous route segment
must be the same as the beginning point of the current
route segment, or a route discontinuity is created between
the segments.
Entry of a SID or transition automatically enters the VIA

and TO data for the route segments of the SID. A SID
automatically links to the next route segment when the
final SID waypoint is part of the route segment.
TO
Enter the end point of the route segment specified by the

VIA entry.
Entry of a waypoint in the TO column without first entering

a VIA airway displays DIRECT in the VIA column.
Box prompts indicate that an entry is required.
Valid waypoint entries for a DIRECT route segment are any

valid waypoint or navaid, or airport.
Valid waypoint entries for airways are waypoints or fixes on

the airway.
Dash prompts appear on the first TO waypoint following the

end of the route.
If more than one waypoint is found in the database for the

entered name, a list of candidates will be shown, allowing
the selection of the correct one.
2. 9. 1. / MCDU Pages 124

Performance Initialization (PERF INIT)
Push displays PERF INIT page.
INDEX
2. 9. 1. / MCDU Pages 125

Performance Initialization Page:
The PERF INIT page allows the entry of airplane and route
data to initialize performance calculations. This information
is required for VNAV calculations. Weight information can
be viewed and entered as KGs by default. LBs can be used
when selected (see ACFT MGMT page)
Gross Weight/Cruise Center of Gravity (GROSS WT)
Airplane gross weight is required. The entry is automatically

calculated by the FMC, once fuel and zero fuel weights are
set.
FUEL
Fuel on board is automatically displayed as received

from the airplane fuel summation unit by clicking in
the correspondent function key. Fuel quantity and burn
schedule needs to be entered prior to any other weight
data.
Pressing the function key with empty scratchpad will

load the currently computed fuel value, and Normal burn
schedule.
Valid entry is XXX or XXX.X followed by:
• /N for standard fuel burn configuration.

• /A for alternate fuel burn configuration.
2. 9. 1. / MCDU Pages 126

Zero Fuel Weight (ZFW)
Airplane zero fuel weight is required.
Enter the airplane zero fuel weight or click in the left

function key to enter it automatically.
RESERVES
Enter the fuel reserves weight.
COST INDEX
The cost index is used to calculate ECON climb and cruise

speeds. The value reflects the relative impacts on overall
trip cost of fuel cost as compared to other direct hourly
operating costs.
Enter the cost index for ECON calculations.
Entry is required to enable use of VNAV mode.
Valid entries are 0 to 999. Entry of 0 causes the ECON

speed to be MAX RANGE; 999 results in a minimum time
flight.
INDEX
Cruise Altitude (CRZ ALT)
Cruise altitude is required.
Enter the cruise altitude for the route.
Automatically displays this cruise altitude on the CLB, CRZ,

and RTE LEGS pages.
Valid formats for Cruise Altitude input are: 250, FL250 or

25000 for FL, and 01500 for altitudes.
2. 9. 1. / MCDU Pages 127

Cruise Wind (CRZ WIND)
Enter wind direction and magnitude expected at T/C, to

allow the FMS to account for wind corrections in route
predictions.
ISA Deviation (ISA DEV)
Enter ISA deviation, to allow the FMS to account for

temperature correction in route predictions.
Transition Altitude (TRANS ALT)
Enter transition altitude.
T/C OAT
Enter expected temperature at T/C, to allow the FMS to

account for temperature correction in route predictions.
2. 9. 1. / MCDU Pages 128

Departure/Arrival Index Page:
The DEP/ARR INDEX page is used to select the departure or
arrival page for the origin and destination airports for the
route.
Departure (DEP): Origin
Push displays the departure page for the origin airport.
Arrival (ARR): Destination
Push displays the arrival page for the destination airport.
Departures Page:
The DEPARTURES page is used to select the departure

runway, SID, and transition for the route origin airport.
You can select the RWY or SID and the SID TRANS if any
available. Going to <INDEX and entering the DEP page
again will allow you to change selected procedures again.
The selected or active procedures will be marked with
<SEL> or <ACT> terminations.
Selecting a procedure will invalidate the current, if any,

deleting all its segments from the route, and load all
segments of the new one.
129
DISCcontinuities will be generated when a VECTOR segment
or route interruption is found in the database.
Standard Instrument Departures (SIDS)
Displays SIDS for the airport and runway selections.
Transitions (TRANS)
Displays transitions compatible with the selected SID.
INDEX
INDEX push displays the DEP/ARR INDEX page.
RUNWAYS
Displays a list of runways for the selected airport.
The runway selected on the RTE page is displayed as

<SEL> when this page is displayed.
ROUTE
Push displays the RTE page.
2. 9. 1. / MCDU Pages 130

Arrivals Page:
The arrivals page allows selection of an approach, standard
terminal arrival route (STAR), and arrival transitions to the
destination airport. Procedures for the destination airport
can be selected for entry into the flight plan.
You can select the STAR or FINAL, and STAR TRANS

and APPCH TRANS if any available. Going to <INDEX
and entering the ARR page again will allow you to
change selected procedures again. The selected or
active procedures will be marked with <SEL> or <ACT>
terminations.
Selecting a procedure will invalidate the current, if any,

deleting all its segments from the route, and load all
segments of the new one.
DISCcontinuities will be generated when a VECTOR segment

or route interruption is found in the database.
2. 9. 1. / MCDU Pages 131

Page Title
Airports with more than 5 runways or STARs produce

multiple arrivals pages.
Standard Terminal Arrival Routes (STARS)
Upon initial selection, an alphabetical listing of all STARS

and profile descents is displayed.
Selection of the arrival runway/approach will list applicable

STAR procedures.
Selection of STAR will list applicable transitions.
Approaches and Runways (APPROACHES/RUNWAYS)
Upon initial page display, an alphabetical listing of all

runways/approaches for the airport, is displayed.
Selection of the desired approach or runway deletes all

other approaches/runways.
INDEX
Push displays the DEP/ARR INDEX page.
ROUTE
Push displays the RTE page.
2. 9. 1. / MCDU Pages 132

Display after STAR Transition and Approach/Runway
selected:
Selected Status Label (<SEL>)
Identifies arrival/approach procedures or a runway which

has been selected for entry into the route.
Approach Transition (TRANS)
Displays all approach transitions related to the selected

approach.
2. 9. 1. / MCDU Pages 133

RTE LEGS Page:
The RTE LEGS pages present a listing of consecutive
waypoints with pertinent information at and between the
waypoints of each leg of the route. The first waypoint listed
on the first LEGS pages of an active route is the
waypoint toward which the aircraft is navigating. As the
aircraft passes a waypoint, the LEGS display set moves
upward, deleting the waypoint that has been passed and
substituting the next active waypoint at the top of the list.
Each RTE LEGS page has a corresponding RTE DATA page,
which is an extension of the LEGS page where additional
route leg information is presented that could not be
displayed on the LEGS page because of insufficient display
space, information that is displayed on the LEGS and DATA
pages includes distance between waypoints, heading/
course between waypoints, airspeed/altitude constraints
at a waypoint, airspeed/altitude predictions at a waypoint,
estimated arrival times at a waypoint, and wind conditions
at each waypoint.
Generally, waypoints are entered in the scratchpad, then

moved to the desired location by pressing the appropriate
line select key. If a waypoint entry that is specified in an
invalid format is line selected, the INVALID ENTRY message
will be displayed. If a waypoint entry referring to an
identifier not present in the navigation data base is line
selected, the message NOT IN DATA BASE will be displayed.
Airports, waypoints and navaids are listed by their ICAO

identifier. Altitude and course intercept conditional
waypoints are displayed inside parentheses. VECTORS
denotes a conditional leg under ATC heading instructions.
Normally, all headings are expressed and entered in

reference to MAGnetic North. During TRU operation, all
headings are expressed and entered referenced to TRUE
North, and heading readings are followed by a “T”.
2. 9. 1. / MCDU Pages 134

Route Discontinuity
Box prompts indicates a break in the route structure and

the ability to link the route by entering a route waypoint
into the discontinuity box prompts.
ROUTE DISCONTINUITY
Indicates that the route is not continuous. They are inserted

when at some point of the entered route, consecutive
instructions don allow a continuous flight path, or after a
VECTORS segment.
When DISCs are present, fuel, altitude and time predictions

will consider a direct segment to the next valid waypoint in
the route.
When a DISC is reached during flight, the DFGC will revert

to ALT HOLD and SPD SEL modes, and the MCDU will trigger
a DISCONTINUITY alert message.
RTE DATA
Selection displays the RTE DATA page.
135
Deleting Waypoints and discontinuities:
Waypoints and discontinuities can be removed from the RTE

LEGS page. Be aware that DISCs can be part of a SID/STAR
procedure, and appear as a result of a VECTORS segment.
In most cases deleting them is not necessary. You can just
fly the route until you are cleared to the next instruction.
Then proceed DIR TO the corresponding waypoint. There
are two ways to delete waypoints or discontinuities:
1) clicking the DELete key (“DELETE” will appear

in the scratchpad) and then clicking the waypoint/
discontinuity to delete.

2) Clicking the function key corresponding to a
waypoint/discontinuity below the one to be deleted
and clicking the function key corresponding to the
waypoint/discontinuity to be deleted.
2. 9. 1. / MCDU Pages 136

This can be done in the RTE page as well:
Map Center Step Display:
The MAP CTR STEP prompt is shown when the EFIS control
panel mode selector is placed in the PLAN position. Pushing
the prompt key advances the waypoint that is displayed in
the center of the map. The “<CTR>” label is displayed to
the right of the corresponding waypoint on the RTE LEGS
page.
2. 9. 1. / MCDU Pages 137

Map Center Label (<CTR>)
Identifies the waypoint around which the map display is

centered.
Whenever the EFIS mode selector is positioned to PLAN, the

label is automatically displayed for the first geographically
fixed waypoint on the displayed page.
Map Center Step (MAP CTR STEP>)
Displayed on a CDU when PLAN is selected on the

associated EFIS control panel.
Push advances the “<CTR>” label on the CDU to the next

geographically fixed waypoint in the route and moves the
respective waypoint to the center of the EHSI.
Adding restrictions
Enter the speed (only in KT) followed by a slash (XXX/)

to add a speed restriction and press the corresponding
Right function key. Enter altitude XXXXX to add an altitude
restriction. Both can be combined in the form XXX/XXXXX
in a single line.
Speed and altitude restrictions will be propagated from the

performance data to the cruise segments when the data is
available.
Once PERFormance data is entered, the FMC will start

computing estimated altitudes, speeds and ETAs. It will
update estimations every second. The VNAV profile will
try to meet all user entered restrictions, and will show the
estimated data for every waypoint in the route.
The user edited fields will take preference over the

propagated values.
2. 9. 1. / MCDU Pages 138

Direct To:
ACT RTE LEGS
Display enables flying direct to or intercepting a course

to any waypoint in the database or to any entered
geographically defined point and subsequent linking to
an existing active route.
<MOD> is displayed instead of <ACT> when the route

has been modified. ERASE is also displayed in this case.
DIRECT TO
Valid entry is any waypoint. Airplane flies from present

position direct to entered waypoint.
ERASE
Displayed only on MOD pages. Selection displays previous

unmodified page.
139
Route Data:
ACT RTE 1 DATA
Displays ETA at all route waypoints.
Permits entry of forecast winds at cruise waypoints.
Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA)
AFMC calculated time at waypoint.
ETA calculations assume flying planned vertical profile

speeds and a direct flight across discontinuities
CRZ WIND
Transferred from PERF INIT page to cruise waypoints.

If no wind entry is made on the PERF INIT page, 000°/00
is displayed.
Can be overwritten by pilot entry.

Wind field is blank at other than cruise waypoints.
LEGS
Selection displays RTE LEGS page.
140
Takeoff Reference Page:
The takeoff reference page allows the crew to manage
takeoff performance.
Temperature data is entered to allow the FMC to make

takeoff EPR computations for normal or reduced thrust
takeoff. V speeds are entered and verified. Preflight pages
are selectively displayed to indicate preflight status
whenever required entries on those pages are incomplete.
Takeoff reference page entries finish the normal preflight.

V speeds should be set before completion. They can be set
manually or automatically. To set them automatically, by
pressing the corresponding R function keys, flaps must be
set to take off position.
Outside Air Temperature (OAT)
Manual entry of actual takeoff OAT (in degrees C) is

displayed.
FLX T
Shows the selected assumed temperature in the Thrust

Rating Panel
FLX EPR
Shows the EPR limit corresponding to the assumed

temperature selected.
2. 9. 1. / MCDU Pages 141

Gross weight
Shows the gross weight as set in the performance page.
CG %MAC (not in the real aircraft)
Shows the CG in %MAC, calculated from the weights

input in the PERF page. You need to input this figure in
the Takeoff Condition computer in the pedestal to get the
right long trim configuration for takeoff. This value will not
be available if the weights in PERF page have not been
inserted.
V Speeds
Crew calculated V speeds may be entered and displayed for

reference.
They can be set automatically by pressing the

corresponding R function keys while the scratchpad is
empty. The automatic calculation takes into account the
current flap position. This system is provided as a shortcut,
and does not reflect the proper check list order.
Speed bugs will be automatically set.
INDEX
2. 9. 1. / MCDU Pages 142

Climb Page:
The CLB page is used to monitor, the climb path. The data
on the CLB page comes from preflight entries made on the
RTE and PERF INIT pages.
Only ECON mode is simulated. Different climb speeds will

be selected depending on the CI parameter. This can be
selected in the PERF INIT page.
Page Title
The page title identifies the selected mode.
Displays ACT when the climb phase is active.
Page Title
ECON indicates the speed is based on a cost index.
Cruise Altitude (CRZ ALT)
The cruise altitude from the PERF INIT page is displayed. A

new altitude can be manually entered.
Target Speed (TGT SPD)
Displays computed values for the selected mode.

Computed speed is limited to a maximum of 340
knots/M.82.

Speed Restriction (SPD REST)
The speed restriction line displays the speed restriction/

altitude from one of the following sources:
• waypoint related restriction from the RTE LEGS page if

restriction limits climb speed
• a default speed of 250 knots and transition altitude
Nothing is displayed if no active speed restriction exists.
AT XXXXX
The waypoint constraint line displays the next waypoint

having an altitude constraint. Constraints are entered on
the RTE LEGS page or by departure procedure selection.
The constraints can be deleted on the RTE LEGS page.
Display is blank if no restriction exists.
TO XXXXX
Displays ETA and distance to go to the waypoint on AT

XXXXX line. If no waypoint constraint exists, values are for
T/C ALT.
Climb EPR
Displays current CLB EPR value.
Climb Direct (CLB DIR)
Displayed when climb is active and an altitude constraint

exists at a waypoint between current altitude and cruise
altitude.
Selection deletes all altitude constraints at waypoint

between the current altitude and the FGCP altitude
preselect readout

Cruise Page:
The CRZ page is used to monitor, the cruise phase. The
data on the CRZ page is computed from preflight entries
made on the RTE and PERF INIT pages.
Only ECON mode is simulated. Different cruise speeds will

be selected depending on the CI parameter. This can be
selected in the PERF INIT page.
Page Title
Displays ACT when the cruise phase is active.
Cruise Altitudes (CRZ ALT - OPT ALT - MAX ALT)
Displays present cruise altitude in flight level or feet x 100.

Value is propagated from the PERF INIT page.
Optimum and maximum altitudes are displayed as

computed from performance data.

Displays the computed value for target airspeed or Mach.
Computed speed is limited to a maximum of 340 knots or

M .82.
To T/D
Displays the estimated time to the top of descent point, and

the distance in NM.
ACTUAL WIND
Displays computed true wind for present altitude.
146
Descent Page:
The descent page is used to monitor, revise, or select the

descent path. Descent modes are economy (ECON) path or
speed. The default VNAV descent mode is ECON PATH.
Descend path is computed based on the route altitude and

speed restrictions. Incorrect design of these restrictions
might lead to flight paths impossible to achieve by the
aircraft. Discontinuities are considered as direct segments
to the next waypoint.
In PATH mode speed control must be manually controlled.
In SPEED mode altitude restrictions must be manually

controlled.
Page Title
Displays ACT when the descent phase is active.
End of Descent Point (E/D ALT)
Displays the end of descent altitude.
• for a PATH DES page, displays the altitude restriction for

the E/D waypoint; blank if path descent not available.
147
• for a SPD DES page, displays 1,000 feet above destination
airport or, the lowest “at” altitude constraint, whichever is
lower.
Displays the command speed maintained by VNAV while

descending to waypoints, constraints, or speed restrictions:
• on ECON PATH or ECON SPD DES pages, displays the

computed values for target Mach and airspeed. Speeds are
performance limited.
Speed Restriction (SPD REST)
Displays the most restrictive of the following speeds:
• transition speed minus 10 knots
• waypoint speed restriction
Nothing is displayed when there is no active speed

restriction.
Vertical Deviation (VERT DEV)
Displays present deviation (feet + or -) from the computed

vertical path.
The deviation is always in relation to the next altitude

restriction in the descent profile, regardless of which page
is active (PATH DES or SPD DES). Descend path is calculated
as steps given the route altitude and speed restrictions.
Altitude Restriction (AT XXXXX)
Displays the next waypoint constraint from the RTE LEGS

page or E/D point.
The display is blank when no constraint exists, or for any

PATH DES page if a path descent is not available.
148
To Waypoint (TO XXXXX)
If a descent mode is active, displays instantaneous error

to the computed path defined by the first of the following
points:
• the waypoint in the AT XXXXX line

• the T/D (TO T/D).
The display is blank if a path descent is not available, or

if the AT XXXXX line is blank and no T/D information is
displayed.
Vertical Path Parameters (FPA V/B V/S)
Displays the following parameters related to the present

vertical path:
• FPA – actual flight path angle based on present ground

speed and vertical speed (that is, the present vertical
bearing being flown)
• V/B – vertical bearing direct from present position on the

WPT/ALT line (that is, the flight path angle required if flying
direct to the waypoint and altitude on the WPT/ALT line)
• V/S – the required vertical speed (in fpm, based on

present ground speed) to fly the displayed V/B.
Blank if no entry on the WPT/ALT line.
SPEED/PATH
Alternatively select PATH or SPEED modes
149
DES NOW (not in the picture)
This option is only available during cruise, before reaching

T/D. Allows the crew to start the descent before reaching
T/D point. The DFGC will command a pitch based descent
until capturing the computed descent path.
DES DIR
Displays DES DIR when descent is active and a waypoint

constraint exists between the current altitude and the ED.
Selection of DES DIR deletes all waypoint constraints

between the current altitude and the FGCP altitude
preselect readout.
150
Approach Reference Page:
The approach reference page displays approach planning
information and approach reference speed (VREF)
selection. The displayed data is for the DEST airport and the
arrival/approach entered into the FMC flight plan.
Airplane Gross Weight (GROSS WT)
Normally displays the FMC calculated airplane gross weight.
Go–around EPR (GA EPR)
Displays the computed go–around EPR limit, based on

present pressure altitude and temperature.
INDEX
Push – selects the INIT/REF INDEX page.
Vref (FLAPS – – – VREF)
Displays landing Vref for the landing flap settings as

computed by the FMC.
Selected runway info
Displays airport ICAO code and runway selected, as well as

the runway length in meters and feet.

ILS Approach
Displays the runway number and associated ILS frequency/

identifier for the ILS, LOC, or back course approach in the
active flight plan.
Blank if no approach has been executed.
Front Course (FRONT CRS)
Displays front course for the approach displayed on ILS

approach line.
Blank if no ILS approach is selected.

Hold:
ACT RTE 1 LEGS 1/XX
Used to enter a holding pattern in route.
<ACT> is shown only when the current HOLD is active.
HOLD AT
Invites selecting any geographical point as a holding fix.

If on an offset path, the airplane will not enter a pre-
planned holding pattern.
Present Position (PPOS)
Selecting transfers PPOS to scratch pad. Then line selecting

PPOS to prompt boxes creates a holding pattern with the fix
at present position when the EXEC key is pushed.
ACT RTE 1 HOLD Page 1/1
Used to modify holding pattern.
Modifications made to a holding pattern while active in

the hold only become effective on the next crossing of the
holding fix.
Used to exit holding pattern.
153
Indicates two holding patterns in Active RTE (1/2). To view
other holding pattern, push NEXT page key.
FIX
Identifies inserted holding fix.
QUAD/RADIAL
Normally displays dashes.
Permits entry of holding quadrant/radial.
Overrides INBD CRS/DIR
Valid entry is X/XXX or XX/XXX.
INBD CRS/DIR
Permits keyboard entry for inbound holding course and

direction. Default direction is right hand patterns.
Overrides QUAD/RADIAL.
Valid entry is XXX (course).
XXX/X or /X (turn direction).
LEG TIME
Displays 1.0 minute at or below 14,000 feet and 1.5

minutes above 14,000 feet.
Can be changed by crew entry.
Overrides LEG DIST display.
Displays dashes if LEG DIST value is entered.
LEG DIST
Normally displays dashes.
Value can be entered by crew or by stored procedure.
Overrides LEG TIME display, if selected.
154
NEXT HOLD
Selection creates prompts for entering new holding fix.
Speed/Target Altitude (SPD/TGT ALT)
Displays target speed/altitude. If not specified, dashes are

displayed.
Valid entry is a combination of SPD/ TGT ALT; XXX/ (for

SPD), XXX, XXXX or XXXXX (for TGT ALT).
FIX ETA
Displays the next time the fix will be passed.
EFC TIME
Displays crew entered expect further clearance time.
Entry alters downstream predictions.
Hold Available (HOLD AVAIL)
Displays holding time available before exit is required to

reach destination with RESERVES entered on PERF INIT
page.
BEST SPEED
Displays best holding speed for current altitude and

conditions.
EXIT HOLD
Selection causes EXIT ARMED to appear.
EXIT ARMED
Displayed after EXIT HOLD line select key is pushed.
Pushing EXEC key results in flight directly back to the fix

and along the active route.
155
Progress
PROGRESS Page 1/2
Displays flight progress data.
FROM
Displays last waypoint and altitude, time, and fuel

remaining at that waypoint.
TO
Displays waypoint identifier, distance to go, estimated

time of arrival, and estimated fuel remaining for the active
waypoint.
NEXT
Displays waypoint identifier, distance to go, estimated time

of arrival, and estimated fuel remaining for the waypoint
after the active waypoint.
156
DEST
Displays destination identifier, distance to go, estimated

time of arrival, and estimated fuel remaining for the
destination. If a modification is in progress, information is
relative to the modified flight plan.
The DEST label is replaced with MOD.
Alternate destination waypoint may be entered over the

displayed destination. The DEST label is replaced by DIR
TO ALTERNATE and the information shown is based on
flying direct to the alternate. May be reset to destination
by use of delete key or both pilots leaving page.
Speed Display
Displays active command speed and mode.
TO TD Display
Displays ETA and distance to top of descent when cruise is

active.
Other displays are:

• TO TC - When climb is active.
• TO ED - When descent is active.
Delete Key
May be used to delete a previously entered alternate

destination. The operation results in the alternate
destination being replaced with the planned route
destination.
157
PROGRESS Page 2/2
Displayed after pushing NEXT or PREV PAGE key from

page 1/2.
Displays current dynamic flight data. No selections are

possible except when a fuel discrepancy occurs.
WIND Line
Displays headwind (H/WIND), tailwind, (T/WIND), and

crosswind (X/WIND).
Wind is resolved on heading.
Crosstrack Error Display (XTK ERROR)
Indicates distance airplane is left or right of active route.
TAS Line
Displays calculated true airspeed.
158
FUEL USED Line
Displays total fuel used.
Displays fuel used by each engine as calculated from fuel

flow.
Blank if fuel value manually entered on PERF INIT page.
Vertical Track Error Display (VTK ERROR)
Displays distance airplane is off vertical path.
Blank when descent is not active.
SAT Line
Displays static air temperature.
CALCULATED (FUEL QTY)
Fuel quantity calculated by subtracting fuel used from fuel

on board at engine start.
Value can be changed manually on PERF INIT page.
159
FIX Information
The FMS FIX INFO mode provides an efficient method for

determining the bearing and distance from selected en
route locations on the active route to an off-route fix. It will
predict distances to go to the selected en route locations
and estimated arrival times.
FIX Information Page
Permits displaying temporary waypoints from the

intersection of active route and bearings from the entered
fix. The info is displayed on the ND map mode. Bearings are
magnetic. EXEC key is not active for this page.
160
FIX
Permits selecting or entering navaid or waypoint identifiers

contained in the database. The fix is displayed on ND map
mode. Entering fix displays the bearing and distance from
that fix to the airplane.
Down Track Fix (DNTKFX)
Valid entry is 3 character bearing from fix. Up to 3 entries

can be made. Entering bearing, displays the radial and
distance from the FIX to the intersection with the flight plan
path. Estimated time of arrival at the intersection, distance
to go to the intersection, and predicted altitude at the
intersection is displayed.
ABEAM
Selection displays bearing and distance from the FIX to the

point abeam of the FIX on the active route. ETA, DTG, and
predicted altitude are displayed.
161
ERASE
Selection results in all FIX data being deleted from the

MCDU display and the ND.
Scratch Pad Entry
Line selection of any of the intersection points into the

scratch pad for subsequent entry into the flight plan results
in the distance values being displayed to the nearest tenth
with the format of place/bearing/distance.
Delete Key
May be used to delete any of the entered radials or the

abeam radial selection. The operation of deleting a radial
results in dashes being displayed in place of the radial
and the blanking of the associated data and deleting the
EFIS display. The operation of deleting the abeam radial
selection results in the blanking of the associated data and
deleting the EFIS display.
162
MCDU messages:
ENTER IRS POS
Enter IRS position.
DISCONTINUITY
NAV is engaged and aircraft ntered route discontinuity.
NAV will disengage in a DISCONTINUITY if the current track

does not intercept the active leg (amber MCDU MSG in
PFD).
REENTER IRS POS
Position entered though the MCDU does not correspond to

the internal (or previously entered) IRU position.
HNAV NOT READY
Criteria for LNAV engagement are not met.
VNAV NOT READY
Criteria for VNAV engagement are not met.
NO ACTIVE RTE
There is not a currently active route defined.
PERF NAV UNAVAILABLE
NAV selected without gross weight, cost index, and cruise

altitude entry.
PERF VNAV UNAVAILABLE
VNAV selected without gross weight, cost index, and cruise

altitude entry.
MAX ALT
Entered cruise altitude greater than AFMC-computed

maximum altitude for specified vertical modes.
163
INVALID ENTRY
The entry has an incorrect format and/or range.
END OF ROUTE
NAV is engaged and end of active route overflown. NAV will

disengage at END OF ROUTE (amber MCDU MSG on PFD).
NOT ON INTERCEPT
NAV selected and aircraft outside active leg capture

criteria and current track will not intercept the active leg.
BURN SCHED REQD
The initial entry of furl on the PERF INIT page did not
include a fuel-burn schedule.
UNABLE CRZ ALT
Entered cruise altitude results in a zero cruise time

prediction.
164
2. WEATHER RADAR / TCAS display
4 1 2
3
1. Mode Selector

TEST: Displays test pattern.
If an LRU fault exists,
message(s) will be displayed
on radar indicator to indicate
component failure.

OFF: De-energizes system

TCAS: Displays TCAS
information.
For TCAS description, see
section 2.10 TCAS p. 178
WX/TCAS: Displays WX and TCAS information. For TCAS

description, see section 2.10 TCAS p. 178
WX: Displays areas of high density (red), lower density (amber), and
light precipitation (green).

2. Antenna Tilt Selector (not fully simulated)
Varies vertical plane of antenna scanning. Tilt limits are +/- 15

degrees of fuselage reference plane.
3. GAIN Selector (not fully simulated)
MIN - Minimum receiver sensitivity.

AUTO - Automatically controls receiver sensitivity.
4. BRT Knob
Adjusts intensity of display.
5. Range Selector
Selects desired range and respective range marks. (Max range is

40NM due to X Plane’s weather texture limitation).
3. R/P MCDU
It can be operated, but not independently from the left side MCDU, being
just a duplicate of the latter.
4. TAKEOFF CONDITION LONG TRIM

LONG TRIM setting will appear when both take off center of gravity and flap
setting values are entered in computer (see nr. 7 and 10).
5. CENTER of GRAVITY indicator

The value is calculated and found on the Load Sheet, that is, the Pop-up
Menu (the gross weight CG) or in the Takeoff page in the CDU (after filling
the PERF page), in %MAC units. Set with the left wheel below (nr. 7)
6. FLAP readout
The flaps that are used during take off.

7. CENTER OF GRAVITY thumb wheel (left) and FLAP thumb wheel
(right)
Rotate the wheel to enter CG/FLAP to the take off condition computer.

8. LONG TRIM takeoff position indicator

The figure in nr. 4 (TAKE OFF CONDITION TRIM) is set by the LONG TRIM
handles nr 9 and the white indicator nr 10 must be inside this green LONG
TRIM indicator otherwise there will be a TAKE OFF WARNING.
9. LONGITUDINAL TRIM handles
Both handles must be moved simultaneously and in the same direction to

activate the stabilizer. The trim will normally be activated by the electrical
switches on the flight control.
10. LONG TRIM indicator
Indicator is mechanically connected to the stabilizer and indicates position

and movement of stabilizer.
11. SPOILER/SPEED BRAKE handle

In flight lever is used to control the flight spoilers to act as speed brakes.
On ground, lever may be used to deploy all spoilers during a rejected
takeoff. The lever is also used to arm the AUTO SPOILERS during approach
(by lifting the lever) and to arm ground spoilers prior to takeoff.
12. RUDDER HYDRAULIC CONDITION lever
PWR: Allows hydraulic pressure to power the rudder and lock the rudder
control tab in a faired position.
MAN: Shuts off hydraulics to the rudder, unlocking the rudder control tab
torespond to rudder pedal movement.
13. THRUST REVERSER LEVERS (left/right engine)
Moving thrust reverser lever aft actuates deployment of respective thrust

reverser and controls reverse thrust. Can only be accomplished with
throttleat IDLE.
Reversers operate on hydraulic pressure. Independent accumulators for L/R

systems allow limited reversers operation, even with hydraulic pumps off.
14. THROTTLES (left/right engine)
Each throttle is cable connected to its respective fuel control unit to

regulate engine thrust.

15. TOGA button, Takeoff/go-around

Pushing either button will initiate take off or go-around mode.
To engage TO mode the following conditions must be met:
- FD must be operative and active.

- HDG HLD mode selected.
- ALT mode armed with first level off altitude.
- EPR lim mode active and TO or TO-FLX mode selected on the TRP.
- Pus TO/GA button.
Custom command for TOGA Button: Rotate/md80/autopilot/to_ga_button.
16. FUEL CONTROL levers (left/right engine)
ON (up position shown here): opens fuel control valve, admitting metered
fuel to engine and, if corresponding START switch is ON, turns on high
energy ignition.
OFF (down position): shuts off fuel to the corresponding engine.
17. ALT LONG TRIM levers

Both must be moved simultaneously to actuate the secondary trim motor.
(only primary trim motor is actually simulated).
18. GEAR HORN OFF button
Pressing this button will suppress the gear horn alert until next it is pressed
again, or gear alert is triggered again.
19. CABIN ALTITUDE CONTROL lever
AUTO (up position) cabin altitude is controlled automatically. MANUAL

(down position) cabin altitude is manually controlled by the CABIN ALT
control wheel nr. 20.
20. CABIN ALT control wheel
During AUTO control, the wheel rotates as cabin air outflow valve
automatically adjusts to maintain cabin altitude. During MANUAL control
the wheel is locked in position. To adjust cabin altitude, press down on
the wheel and rotate in desired direction (forward to close and backward to
open the valve). Closing the valve will make the cabin descend. Open the
valve and the cabin will start climbing.
168
21. OUTFLOW VALVE position indicator
Indicates position of cabin outflow valve. Closed in forward position.
22. FLAP/SLAT lever
23. FLAP TO SELECTOR
Provides a takeoff flap setting detent for any flap setting between 0o to 13o
and 15o to 24o in addition to the permanent 0o, 11o, 15o.
24. FLAP TO selector window
Indicates in degrees the pre-selectable detent that has been selected with
the FLAP TO selector nr. 23.
25. FUEL X-FEED Lever
ON: Opens fuel crossfeed valve, allowing either or both main tanks to
supply both engines and/or APU.
OFF: Fuel crossfeed valve is closed, causing left main fuel tank to supply
left engine and right main fuel tank to supply right engine and APU.
169
170
2. 9. Aft pedestal
1 2
3 4
5 6
13
8 9
14
11 12
10
1. VHF COM 1 p. 172 8. STABILIZER TRIM stop

switch (not sim.) p. 175
2. VHF COM 2 p. 172
9. RUDDER TRIM control p. 175
3. ADF 1 p. 172
10. ALERON TRIM control p. 175
4. ADF 2 p. 172
11. LEFT PNEUMATIC
5. TRANSPONDER control X-FEED VALVE p. 176
panel p. 172
12. RIGHT PNEUMATIC
6. TCAS control panel p. 174 X-FEED VALVE p. 176
7. CENTER INSTRUMENT 13. AUTO BRAKE switch p. 176

and PEDESTAL LIGHT
switches p. 175 14. AUTO BRAKE Selector p. 176
2. 10. Aft Pedestal 171

1. VHF COM 1
The frequency is on the STANDBY (right) side and then transferred to the
ACTIVE (left) side with the TFR button in between.
The COMM TEST button is used to set the squelch to minimum allowing low
level signals to be heard.
2. VHF COM 2
3. ADF 1
The frequency can be set on both sides. The TRF switch is used to select
the active side.
4. ADF 2
5. TRANSPONDER and TCAS control panel
4
8
7
1 6
2 3 5
1. Function selector
OFF: Transponder is off.
STBY: Both ATC interrogators are powered but cannot transmit.
XPDR: In flight: The selected ATC transponder will transmit replies

to ground interrogations.

2. TEST button
Initiates ATC transponder and TCAS self test.
3. Code selector knobs
The large knob is used for selection of the digits and the small
knob is used to change the digits.
4. Readout of selected code
5. IDENT button
When pressed, the special identification pulse (SPIP) is sent for a

duration of approximately 20 seconds.
6. XPDR switch (not fully simulated)
Selects transponder 1 or 2 as active transponder. The one not

selected will remain in standby. Normally transponder number 1 is
selected on flights with odd flight numbers and number 2 on even
flight numbers.

7. ALT RPTG switch (not fully simulated)
OFF: The altitude reporting is selected off.
1 or 2: The transponder will reply to interrogations requesting

both code and altitude replies. Selected in the same manner as
XPDR.
8. ATC FAIL light (amber)
Illuminated when the selected transponder or its altitude

information source has failed. TCAS fail is announced on the VSI.
6. TCAS control panel
2
3
1. TCAS vertical scan selector
ABOVE: Expands the vertical scan to 8700 ft above and 2700 ft

below the aircraft.
N: Normal position. TCAS vertical scan is +/- 2700 ft.
BELOW: Expands the vertical scan to 2700 ft above and 8700 ft

below the aircraft.
2. Function selector
TA/RA: This is the normal operating TCAS mode. In this mode,

Traffic and Resolution Advisories are enabled.

TA: Only TA (TRAFFIC ALERT) is displayed; no RA. This mode
prevents TCAS from issuing RA when intentionally flying close to
other aircraft, i.e closely spaced parallel approaches.
3. TEST button
Initiates ATC transponder and TCAS self test.
7. CENTER INSTRUMENT and PEDESTAL LIGHT switches
This panel is the same as the ones in the main panel.
8. STABILIZER TRIM stop switch
9. RUDDER TRIM control

Rudder trim is set before takeoff to value according to placard on the L/P
panel.
10. ALERON TRIM control

Aileron trim is set before takeoff to value according to placard on the L/P
panel.
175
11. LEFT PNEUMATIC X-FEED VALVE

OPEN in UP position, CLOSED in down.
Open to allow pneumatic pressure supply to air condition and

pressurization systems from the left engine.
12. RIGHT PNEUMATIC X-FEED VALVE

Same as number 11 but for the right engine.
13. AUTO BRAKE ARM/DISARM Switch
ARM: Arms ABS to apply brakes automatically when SPD BRK lever moves
full aft during takeoff or landing. Switch is electrically held in ARM position.
DISARM: ABS disarmed. Normal anti-skid braking available.
14. AUTO BRAKE Selector
T.O.: During rejected takeoff with SPD BRK lever full aft, minimum
automatic braking is provided if the airplane speed is less than 70 knots.
If the airplane speed is above 70 knots, maximum automatic braking is
provided.
OFF: ABS is not available. Manual braking available.

LAND MIN - With SPD BRK lever full aft after landing, brakes are
automatically applied with a minimum force.
LAND MED: With SPD BRK lever full aft after landing, brakes are
automatically applied with a medium force.
LAND MAX: With SPD BRK lever full aft after landing, brakes are
automatically applied with maximum force.
176
177
2. 10. Traffic Collision Avoidance System (TCAS)
178
Traffic Collision Avoidance System
Traffic Collision Avoidance System (TCAS) is an aircraft proximity

warning system that identifies nearby transponder equipped aircraft and
provides vertical guidance to ensure altitude separation from aircraft
equipped with altitude reporting transponders. The system can display
up to 30 aircraft and simultaneously coordinate a resolution advisory
for up to three threat aircraft. This independent means of ensuring safe
aircraft separation is intended to supplement the ground based Air
Traffic Control system and the “see and avoid” concept.
The purpose of TCAS is to prevent mid-air collisions, increase traffic

awareness, and assist in establishing visual contact with other aircraft.
TCAS does not alleviate a pilot’s responsibility of maintaining safe visual
separation from other aircraft.
Normally a Traffic Advisory (TA) will be issued prior to a RA, but in

situations where aircraft are turning or initiating climbs or descents, the
first alert may be a RA.
Traffic causing a Resolution Advisory (RA) on the TA/VSI constitutes a

significant threat. During a RA, lighted red arcs presented on the TA/VSI
display indicate restricted vertical speeds. A lighted green arc presented
on the TA/VSI display indicates the commanded (fly-to) vertical speed
that should be flown. Pilots should accurately adhere to the TCAS
vertical speed commands to minimize altitude excursions and potential
disruptions to ATC.
Because TCAS tracks numerous aircraft and can coordinate multiple

RAs, pilots should be aware that an aircraft that has been acquired
visually may not necessarily be the aircraft causing the RA or may not
be the only aircraft to which TCAS is responding.
The specific implementation of TCAS in the Rotate MD-80, will work with
up to 20 aircrafts (due to X Plane aircraft number limit), and will not
coordinate the Resolution Advisories with other aircraft’s TCAS.
The TCAS implementation depends on the native X Plane’s multiplayer

logic. It will only detect traffic in the simulator when it is driven by the
X Plane’s multiplayer system. Other third party addons or multiplayer
platforms must use X Plane’s multiplayer aircrafts to make the traffic
information available to the TCAS system.
179
Glossary Of Terms
Mode S Transponder:
A transponder that has a data link channel for use by TCAS in addition
to the aircraft identification capability of a mode A transponder and
altitude reporting capability of a mode C transponder. In this simulation,
all aircrafts are supposed to have a TCAS installed, with identification,
altitude and tracking reporting capabilities, but communication among
aircraft’s TCAS is not possible.
Relative Altitude:
The difference in altitude between two aircraft. TCAS calculates relative

altitude as the difference between your aircraft’s pressure altitude and
the encoded pressure altitude of the intruder aircraft.
Surveillance Volume:
The airspace which TCAS scans. TCAS can scan up to 40 nm horizontally

in front of the aircraft. TCAS can scan vertically 8,700 feet above and
below the aircraft. The vertical scan may be adjusted by use of the TCAS
above/below selector.
Traffic:
Aircraft with an operating transponder capable of being tracked by a

TCAS equipped aircraft. Categories of traffic are:
• Non-Threatening Traffic: Any target within the TCAS surveillance

volume.
• Non-Threatening Proximity Traffic: A target within 1,200 feet relative
altitude and 6 nm range.
• Traffic Advisory (Potential Conflict): A target identified as a potential
conflict and requiring a traffic advisory.
• Resolution Advisory (Immediate Threat): A target identified as a
collision threat and requiring a resolution advisory. The closest point of
approach is less than 35 seconds.
Traffic Advisory/Vertical Speed Indicator (TA/VSI):
A flight instrument that provides standard VSI information, position of

nearby transponder equipped traffic, RA climb and descent commands,
and TCAS messages and status. Maximum display range is 6.5 nm.
180
TCAS Advisories
A Traffic Advisory (TA) identifies traffic which is projected to pass at less

than IFR separation standards and presents a potential conflict. An aural
alert, “TRAFFIC, TRAFFIC”, calls attention to a display of a solid yellow
circle presented on the TA/VSI.
A Resolution Advisory (RA) identifies traffic which is an immediate

threat. In addition to a solid red square on the traffic display, colored
arcs are added on the TA/VSI. These arcs identify the desired vertical
rates which will satisfy altitude separation standards. Resolution
advisories attempt to ensure approximately 500 foot separation. There
are four categories of RAs:
• Preventive RA: An RA that requires the pilot to maintain an existing
vertical speed or to avoid certain vertical speeds.
• Corrective RA: An RA that requires a pilot to modify the aircraft’s
existing vertical speed. A crossing RA is a corrective RA that directs a
pilot to cross through the threat aircraft’s altitude in order to achieve
safe vertical separation.
• Updated RA: An RA that is issued after an initial corrective RA which
requires additional climb or descent rate to achieve safe vertical
separation.
• Reversal RA: An RA that requires a reverse in direction from the initial
corrective RA to achieve safe vertical separation (such as a corrective
“Descend, Descend Now” RA reverses a climb RA).
A RA may change categories as the range and closure rate of the threat
aircraft changes or other aircraft become a threat. For example, a
corrective RA Climb may update to an increase climb and then update
again to monitor vertical speed and safely clear of conflict.
181
Protection Envelopes
TCAS provides two envelopes of protection around the aircraft.
Closure Protection (time-based protection envelope).
• TCAS projects closure rate and future altitude separation based on

bearing, range, and altitude information from other altitude reporting
aircraft.
• A TA is issued if IFR separation will be compromised and time of
closure is less than 45* seconds.
• A RA will be issued when the conflicting aircraft is less than 35*
seconds away and the conflicting traffic is determined to be a threat.
* Time varies depending on aircraft’s altitude.
182
Perimeter Protection (distance-based protection envelope)
• The radius of the outer perimeter varies from approximately one half
mile at low altitude to one and one half miles at high altitude. A TA is
issued when this perimeter is penetrated and an altitude separation is
compromised.
• The radius of the inner perimeter is 1,200 feet less than the outer
perimeter. A RA is issued when this perimeter is penetrated and an
altitude separation is compromised.
183
TCAS Voice Alerts
The TCAS voice alert TRAFFIC, TRAFFIC sounds once when TCAS first
predicts a new traffic advisory.
When TCAS first predicts a new resolution advisory, one of the following
TCAS voice alerts sounds once:
MONITOR VERTICAL SPEED
MAINTAIN VERTICAL SPEED, MAINTAIN
MAINTAIN VERTICAL SPEED, CROSSING MAINTAIN
CLIMB, CLIMB
CLIMB, CROSSING CLIMB, CLIMB, CROSSING CLIMB
DESCEND, DESCEND
DESCEND, CROSSING DESCEND, DESCEND, CROSSING DESCEND.
The crossing alerts tell the flight crew that the airplane will fly through
the altitude of the other airplane when following the TCAS vertical
guidance on the VSI.
If TCAS requires an increase or decrease in the vertical rate of climb,

then one of the following TCAS voice alerts sounds once:
INCREASE CLIMB, INCREASE CLIMB
INCREASE DESCENT, INCREASE DESCENT
ADJUST VERTICAL SPEED, ADJUST.
If TCAS requires a change in vertical direction from either an existing

climb to a descent, or an existing descent to a climb, then one of the
following TCAS voice alerts sounds once:
• DESCEND, DESCEND NOW..... DESCEND, DESCEND NOW

• CLIMB, CLIMB NOW..... CLIMB, CLIMB NOW.
When separation from the other airplane is increasing and TCAS

predicts there will be no resolution advisory, the TCAS voice alert CLEAR
OF CONFLICT sounds once. However, the alert will not sound if the
resolution advisory can no longer be calculated because TCAS cannot
predict the track of the other airplane.
184
The following are the available TCAS voice alerts:
185
TCAS Display Symbology
186
TCAS Data Tags
Altitude of displayed traffic (relative altitude) is shown as the difference

between your altitude and that of the traffic. TCAS calculates relative
altitude as the difference between your aircraft’s pressure altitude
and the encoded pressure altitude of the intruder aircraft. This relative
altitude is represented as a two digit number indicating hundreds
of feet. (i.e., 05 represents 500 feet.) A plus or minus sign and the
placement of the altitude information are both used to indicate whether
displayed traffic is above or below your aircraft’s altitude. Symbols
displayed without altitude information indicate no altitude received.
Yellow circles with no altitude information may be a significant hazard,
yet TCAS is unable to provide RA’s without altitude information.
Aircraft that are climbing or descending in excess of 500 feet per minute
will be displayed with a data tag which includes an arrow pointing in the
appropriate direction.
187
TCAS Inhibits
INCREASE DESCENT RAs are inhibited below approximately 1,450 feet

radio altitude.
DESCEND RAs are inhibited below approximately 1,100 feet radio

altitude.
RAs are inhibited below approximately 1,000 feet radio altitude. Below
approximately 1,000 feet when the TA/RA mode is selected on the
transponder panel, TA only mode is enabled automatically.
All TCAS voice annunciations are inhibited below approximately 500 feet
radio altitude.
TCAS Limitations
All aircrafts are supposed to have a TCAS system with identification,

tracking and altitude reporting capabilities.
Communication with other aircraft’s TCAS is not possible, so coordinated

resolution capabilities are not implemented.
The TCAS system is not programed with all aircraft performance

parameters. There are situations, such as high density altitude or an
engine inoperative operation, where the aircraft does not have the
performance reserve to attain the RA commanded climb rates. The
pilot must always respect the performance envelope of the aircraft.
Power and configuration should be adjusted, if necessary, to achieve the
desired vertical speed.
188
TCAS only on Radar Display
TCAS mode will have an aircraft symbol displayed near the center of the
display so that traffic approaching from behind may be shown. Range is
adjustable*, although the ability to display traffic beyond forty miles is
limited.
Weather and TCAS on Radar Display

(WX/TCAS)
This combined operating mode allows display of both weather radar

information and TCAS traffic. The information is presented on the
standard weather display format with aircraft position at the bottom of
the display. TCAS
traffic will overlay any weather displayed.
All ranges may be selected*. TCAS may display traffic at a distance of

up to 40 nm. At higher ranges, TCAS information will be compacted in
the lower display area. The five mile range, while clearly displaying TCAS
traffic, will not display
weather, and the weather radar will display a blue NO WXR.
* Weather radar range is limited to 40 miles in this simulation.
189
1 2
3
4
5
6 7
1. Operating Range
RANGE XX.
2. Range Mark Interval

MRK XX.
3. Weather Display Status

Blank if weather will be displayed.
If 5 nm - NO WXR.
4. Altitude
FL XXX.
Blank if relative altitude mode.
5. Displayed Altitude Band

ABOVE/BELOW.
Blank if NORMAL band.
6. TCAS Status Mode

TA/RA.
TA ONLY.
TEST.
NO TCAS.
7. Traffic Behind
TA BEHIND.
RA BEHIND.
190
Traffic Advisory/Vertical Speed Indicator
The TA/VSI is a combined VSI and traffic display. The traffic display
uses both color and shape to show other aircraft and to differentiate
conflicting traffic. The traffic display will be operational whenever
TCAS is turned on or whenever system power is lost and regained. If
the standard VSI display is selected and an advisory causes the traffic
display to pop up, the TA SELECT button must be pressed to return to
the standard VSI display. The traffic display will not automatically return
to the standard VSI display after the advisory has terminated.
The display is fixed in range, showing traffic 6.5 miles in front of an

aircraft symbol representing current position. A two mile range ring
surrounds the aircraft symbol. Ranges to the side and behind are to
scale.
Each instrument has two bezel mounted controls. Display lighting is

normally controlled by an ambient light sensor; minor pilot adjustment
can be made with the BRT knob. The TA SEL push button is provided for
manual cancellation of the TCAS traffic display.
TA/VSI Traffic Advisory Indication
Traffic Advisory
11 o’clock, 500 feet above. Descending greater than 500 fpm.
191
TA/VSI Resolution Advisory Indications
RAs provide vertical rate information to ensure approximately 500 feet

vertical separation from all altitude reporting transponder equipped
aircraft. Colored bands are presented outside the TA/VSI vertical rate
scale. These arcs identify vertical rates which provide safe altitude
separation.
Vertical Speed Restricted RA Indication (With Traffic Above)
Red Vertical Speed Arc - A preventive RA will restrict an area of vertical

rate. In this situation, TCAS has computed the altitude separation
from conflicting traffic to be less than IFR requirements but not within
near miss criteria. TCAS will display a red arc on the TA/VSI restricting
vertical rate. Vertical rates not restricted by red arcs or green arcs may
be flown and separation will be adequate.
“MONITOR VERTICAL SPEED”
192
Descend RA Indication (With Traffic Above Descending)
When a RA requires pilot action, a small green arc referred to as a

(fly-to) area is displayed along with the red arc. This is known as a
corrective RA. The green arc identifies the vertical rate to be flown.
Pilots should respond with prompt and positive control inputs to attain
the commanded vertical rate within five seconds.
“DESCEND, DESCEND”
193
Increase Descent RA Indication (With Traffic Above)
TCAS can increase, decrease, or reverse direction of the recommended

vertical speed. TCAS updates RA information during a traffic conflict.
Red arcs are capable throughout the entire vertical speed range. Green
(fly-to) arcs can be displayed as high as 3,000 fpm climb or as low as
3,000 fpm descent. Any update of the displayed RA will be accompanied
by an aural advisory. TCAS expects prompt adjustment of pitch attitude
to keep aircraft vertical rate in the updated green (fly-to) region on the
outer ring of the TA/VSI vertical rate cale.
“INCREASE DESCENT”
194
TCAS Failure
If the TCAS fails, the annunciation NO TCAS in yellow will appear in the
lower left corner of the TA/VSI. If the TCAS has been disabled because
switch position or an individual TA/VSI will not display TCAS information,
NO TCAS is annunciated in blue.
“MONITOR VERTICAL SPEED”
1. TCAS Annunciation Area - Left corner
NO TCAS
• Blue - TCAS mode not selected or individual TA/VSI malfunction.

• Yellow - TCAS failure.
TA only
• Blue - Transponder in TA position.

• Yellow - Traffic advisory in progress. No resolution advisory possible.
2. VSI Annunciation Area - Right corner
VSI
• Yellow - Vertical speed has failed.
195
www.rotatesim.com
manual-v1.4
196

Rotate MD 80 Manual

Hochgeladen von

Dokumentinformationen

Copyright

Verfügbare Formate

Dieses Dokument teilen

Dokument teilen oder einbetten

Freigabeoptionen

Stufen Sie dieses Dokument als nützlich ein?

Sind diese Inhalte unangemessen?

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

Rotate MD 80 Manual

Hochgeladen von

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

MD-80

Click on the page numbers to jump to them

Welcome to our McDonnell Douglas MD-88. This software is an aircraft

This is a full description of the model which should be sufficient to operate

The Rotate MD-80 is released under the terms specified in the

The real McDonnell Douglas MD-88 is a very complex commercial airliner,

Although our model entails a high level of simulation (including a Flight

Thanks to the community for the encouragement, observations and support

This software is an aircraft add-on for X-Plane Flight Simulator by Laminar

For all platforms:

- 64-bit Operative system.

- Microsoft Windows 7, 8, 10.

- OSX 10.9 and up.

- GLIBC v2.19 (Ubuntu 14.04)

To install the add-on, copy the Rotate-MD-80 folder contained in the

(X-Plane installation folder)/Aircrafts/(folder of your choice)/Rotate-MD-80

First run and license activation:

For customer support you should contact your product distributor.

This software uses a third party Navigation Database to provide advanced

Most third party distributors of Navigation Databases should have a product

How to update automatically:

Most Navigation Databases products have an installation manager which

How to update manually:

The third party navigation database is installed locally in the “NavData”

Completely substitute the contents of that folder with updated compatible

The following hardware and system characteristics are the recommended

Processor: Multi-core Processor 3.3GHz

The Rotate MD-80 has been designed to optimize performance and to

For those who have performance problems due to lack of VRAM to

You can access aircraft options through

About. General Rotate MD-80 info.

Aircraft management. Access to general

GPU Toggle. Connect/disconnect GPU.

GPS Toggle. Connect/disconnect the

Fwd Door Toggle. Open/Close the main

Fwd Stair Toggle. Deploy/Retract main

Aft Door Toggle. Open/Close Aft cabin

Cargo Doors Toggle. Open/Close all

Weight Units Toggle. The weight

3 Use this button to

5 Use this button to

Use this buttons

Use these buttons to load fuel/cargo/passengers. When the button

Use this fields to

3 Use this fields to

Introduce trip fuel here. This is required to calculate the center of

5. Weight and Balance data.

This section contains information about the estimated flight time

Manipulators are used to manipulate cockpit elements like switches,

Used mainly to manipulate switches and buttons, they operate as

Click and drag

Used mainly to manipulate knobs and handles, they operate as

Scroll wheel manipulators

In version 1.3 of the aircraft, we have included X-Plane 10.51 and

This simulation has been prepared to work with as little extra

However, due to the complexity of some systems, accurate

- Park Brake Control: Rotate/md80/systems/parking_brake_toggle

Other than that, standard X Plane for functions available in the

For more advanced hardware controllers (quadrants, radios, ...) third

1. Forward overhead p. 20 6. Center instrument

4. Left pilot side p. 63 8. Forward pedestal p. 108

5. Left pilot instrument 9. Aft pedestal p. 171

1. EFIS switch panel p. 22 7. Lights p. 30

2. Voice recorder p. 22 8. Panel lights p. 30