PERATURAN PEMARKAHAN 146

BAB 6: GELOMBANG

BAHAGIAN A

NO.1 ANSWER MARK

(a) The light which has one wavelength / one colour 1
(b) Wavelength of red light is greater than wavelength of blue light 1
(c)  Distance between consecutive bright fringes for red light is 1
more than that of blue light
 The distance between consecutive bright fringes for the same 1
light are constant
(d) The longer the wavelength, the longer the distance between 1
consecutive bright fringes
(e)(i) The distance between two consecutive bright fringes will 1
decrease
(e)(ii) a is inversely proportional to x 1
(f) Diffraction // Interference of light 1
TOTAL 8

NO.2 ANSWER MARK

(a)(i) Pantulan 1
(a)(ii) Pembiasan 1
(b)(i) 1.2 – 0.4 1
0.8 s 1
(b)(ii) 2T dengan 0.8 s // T dengan 0.4 s 1
2T = 1500×0.8 // T =1500×0.4 1
600 m 1
(c)(i) Tinggi 1
Dapat menembusi bumi dan minyak // kehilangan tenaga yang 1
rendah
(c)(ii) Tinggi 1
Mendapat isyarat yang lebih kuat 1
(d) P 1
TOTAL 12
 PERATURAN PEMARKAHAN 147

BAHAGIAN B

NO.3 ANSWER MARK

(a) Number of complete oscillation in one seconds 1
(b)  Length of pendulum X is shorter than the length pendulum metal 1
bob
 Frequency of pendulum X is higher than the frequency of metal 1
bob pendulum.
 Length and frequency of pendulum Y as same as that of metal 1
bob pendulum.
 Amplitude of oscillation of pendulum Y is higher/bigger than 1
amplitude of oscillation of pendulum X.
 Resonance 1
(c)  When the singer sings, it produces the high frequency of sound 1
waves.
 The frequency of sound waves vibrates the particles in the 1
glass.
 When the frequency of sound waves same as the natural 1
frequency of the glass,
 The particles of the glass will vibrate at maximum amplitude/ 1
energy cause the glass to break.
(d)
CHARACTERISTICS REASON
2. Easy to carry / Max= 10
1. Low density of string
handle
4. Can produce higher
3. High tension of string
frequency/pitch
6. More stiffer /can
produced louder
5. Nylon string/strong
sound//not easy to
break
8. More air can be
trapped//The
coupled resonance
7. Sound hole must be big of the front and
back plates
produces a
resonance

10. Can differentiate

9. Fred must be widened
different notes more

TOTAL 20
 PERATURAN PEMARKAHAN 148

BAHAGIAN C

NO.4 ANSWER MARK

(a) Distance between two successive points of the same phase in a 1
wave
(b)  When the wave passing through shallow water// convex area, 1+1
the wavelength and speed decrease
 After the wave passing through shallow water// convex area, 1+1
the circular waves converge at focal point an then diverge
from the focal point
OR
Diagram
(c)(i) λ = 633 nm = 633 x 10-9 m 1
a = 0.5 mm = 0.5 x 10-3 m D=4m 1
−9
633 × 10 × 4
𝑥=
0.5 × 10−3 1
X = 5.064 x 10-3 mm 1
(c)(ii) Decrease 1
(d)
CHARACTERISTICS REASON
1. High wave amplitude 2. Louder Max= 10
3. Longer wave length 4. Can diffract easily
6. Can be heard
5. Low damping effect
clearly
8. Low pitch//
distinguished from
7. Low frequency
other sound//can be
heard by human

9. Q is chosen
10. Because.....1357//2468

TOTAL 20
 PERATURAN PEMARKAHAN 149

KERTAS 3 (BAHAGIAN B)

NO. 5 ANSWER MARK

(a) Rate of oscillations / frequency depends on the diameter/thickness of 1
the string
The thicker the diameter of the string, the lower the frequency// 1
(b)
The thinner the diameter of the string, the higher the frequency
To investigate the relationship between the thickness of a wire and 1
(c)(i)
the frequency of the oscillations
MV: Thickness of wire, d 1
(c)(ii)
RV: Frequency of oscillation, f
CV: length of wire 1
microphone, copper wires with different thickness or s.w.g, CRO, 1
(c)(iii)
retort stand, connecting wires
1

(c)(iv)

1. Set up the apparatus as shown. Tie up the copper wire to

retort stand tightly 1
2. Start the experiment with the length, L=30 cm and s.w.g 16.
(c)(v) 3. Pull the string in the middle so that it will vibrate. Use a 1
microphone and record the frequency of the waveform on the
screen of CRO.
4. Repeat by using different swg/thickness of copper wire. 1
1
d/ cm f/ s-1

(c)(vi)

(c)(vii)

TOTAL 12
 PERATURAN PEMARKAHAN 150

BAB 7: KEELEKTRIKAN

BAHAGIAN A

NO.1 ANSWER MARK

(a) The power of device is the rate of of which it transfers energy// 1
𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑦 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑠𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑑
𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 =
𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒
(b) Electrical energy to light energy + heat energy 1+1
(c)(i) Heat energy 1
(c)(ii) Filament bulb:
11.25 1
= × 100%
75 1
= 15 %
Energy saver bulb:
11
= × 100% 1
20
1
50 %
(c)(iii) Energy saver bulb 1
High efficiency// less wasted energy 1
(d) Refrigerator // any other appliances 1
Frost-free refrigerator// not allow frost to accumulate too thick in the 1
freezer// close the door tightly
TOTAL 12
 PERATURAN PEMARKAHAN 151

NO.2 ANSWER MARK

(a) 12 J of energy per second is released when it is connected to a 6 V 1
supply
(b) Series 1
Parallel 1
(c)  Voltage for each bulb in diagram 8.2 is more than 8.1 1
 Total resistance in Diagram 8.2 is less than 8.1// current flow in 1
each bulb in Diagram 8.2 is more than in 8.1
(d)(i) R1 = 4 + 4 + 4 = 12 Ω
𝑉 𝟔. 𝟎
𝐼= =
𝑅 𝟏𝟐 1
= 0.5 A
1
(d)(ii) 1 1 1 1 3
= + + =
𝑅 4 4 4 4
4
𝑅 = = 1.33𝛺
3
6.0
𝐼𝑇 = = 𝟒. 𝟓 𝐀
1.33 1
I flow each bulb
4.5 1
= = 𝟏. 𝟓 𝐀
3
(e)(i) Diagram 8.2 1
(e)(ii)  If one bulb blow, another bulb can still function 1
 Less effective resistance// more current flow 1
TOTAL 12
 PERATURAN PEMARKAHAN 152

BAHAGIAN B

NO.3 ANSWER MARK

(a) The rate of charge flows. 1
(b)  Diagram 10.1 connected in series and Diagram 10.2 connected 1
in parallel. 1
1
 The reading of ammeter in Diagram 10.2 is greater than in 1
Diagram 10.1. 1
 The reading of voltmeter in Diagram 10.1 > Diagram 10.2. 1

 The effective resistance in Diagram 10.2 < Diagram 10.1.

 Effective resistance increases, the current flows decreases.
 Circuit connected in parallel, the effective resistance decreases.
(c)  The ammeter reading increased 1
1
 The voltmeter reading decreased.
1
 Effective resistance in the circuit decreased.
(d)

CHARACTERISTICS REASON Max= 10

Attach one fuse to the live
wire in the consumer unit/
fuse box.
Using the insulating wires //
thicker wires
Attach switch for each lamp.
Connect the metal fitting
lamp to the earth wire/cable.
Using only 240 V light bulb.
To break/switch off the
circuit when large
current before the wire
become hotter and
produce fire.
To prevent short circuit
// To reduce resistance,
improve efficiency.
To allows each lamp to
be switched on and off
independently.
To flows electron
(extra) to earth to avoid
lethal shock.
To ensure the bulbs
light up with normal
brightness.

TOTAL 20
 PERATURAN PEMARKAHAN 153

BAHAGIAN C

NO.4 ANSWER MARK

(a) Electric field is a region around a charged object which any other 1
charged body experience a force
(b)  Charges on the disc neutralize the negative charges on the ping 1
pong ball
 Likes charges on the disc and the ball repelled each other 1
 The ball attracted by the positively charged disc 1
 The ball oscillates between the two plates 1
(c)

CHARACTERISTICS REASON
2. Cut off current if
1. Fuse for each circuit
overloaded Max= 10
4. Other bulb or power
3. Bulbs and power
socket still working
sockets arrange in
when one of it
parallel
blows out
5. Circuit for lighting is in
6. Supply different
parallel with power
value of current
circuit
8. Record total power
7. Kilowatt-hour meter usage and prevent
installed near main fuse overloading of
current

9. Circuit L
10. Because ...... 1357// 2468

(d)(i) 10 – 13 A 1
(d)(ii) V = IR
= 9 x 26.7 1
= 240.3 V 1

P = IV
= 9 x 240.3 1
= 2162.7 W 1
TOTAL 20
 PERATURAN PEMARKAHAN 154

KERTAS 3 (BAHAGIAN B)

NO. 5 ANSWER MARK

(a) Resistance is depends to the diameter/ cross-sectional area of wire 1
The resistance of the wire decreases as its diameter increases// 1
(b)
when the diameter of wire increase, the resistance is decrease
To investigate the relationship between diameter of wire and 1
(c)(i)
resistance
MV: diameter// cross-sectional area 1
(c)(ii)
RV: resistance
CV: length// temperature 1
Constantan wire, meter rule, connector wire, batteries, rheostat, 1
(c)(iii)
ammeter, voltmeter and switch
1

(c)(iv)

1. The circuit is set up as shown in figure with the 20 cm of

constantan wire s.w.g= 20 across the point X and Y. 1
2. The switch is on, and the rheostat is adjusted until the ammeter
shows a reading. 1
(c)(v) 3. The ammeter and voltmeter reading are recorded.
4. The resistance of the constantan wire is calculated using a
𝑉
formula 𝑅 = 𝐼
5. The experiment is repeated with a constantan wire as s.w.g= 22,
1
s.w.g= 24, s.w.g=28 and s.w.g= 30
1
diameter/s.w.g (cm) R (Ω)
20
(c)(vi) 22
24
28
30

(c)(vii)

TOTAL 12
 PERATURAN PEMARKAHAN 155

BAB 8: KEELEKTROMAGNETAN

BAHAGIAN A

NO.1 ANSWER MARK

The current that is induced by electromagnetic inductions when the 1
(a) circuit is complete//The current that can be produced without any
electrical supply/source
1
(b)(i) X= N
Y= S 1
1
(b)(ii) Diagram 6.1 bar magnet towards the solenoid
Diagram 6.2 bar magnet away from the solenoid 1
1
(c)(i) Repulsive
Attractive 1
(c)(ii) Lenz 1

(d) Increase the speed of bar magnet/increase the number of turns of 1

the solenoid/use a stronger magnet
TOTAL 9

NO.2 ANSWER MARK

An electromagnet is a magnet in which a magnetic field is produced 1
(a)
by the flow of electric current.
Increase the current. 1
(b)(i) 1
The strength of an electromagnet increases
Soft-Iron core 1
(b)(ii) 1
Easily magnetised and demagnetised
Increase the number of turns. 1
(b)(iii) 1
The strength of an electromagnet increases
(c) L 1
Increase // More 1
(d)
The poles for a U-shaped electromagnet are closer together 1
P= mgh
t
(e) = 250 x 10 x 4 1
5 1
= 2000 W
TOTAL 12
 PERATURAN PEMARKAHAN 156

BAHAGIAN B

NO.3 ANSWER MARK

(a) The current produced when the magnetic flux is cut across by a 1
conductor// Changing of flux at conductor
(b)(i) 10.2 - no relative motion between the magnet and the coil // 1
10.3 - there is relative motion
(b)(ii) Number of turns in 10.3 is less than number of turns in 10.4 1
(b)(iii) Number of turns increases, the change in magnetic flux increases 1
Induced current increases 1
(b)(iv) Faraday’s Law 1
(c)  Magnetic flux is cut , induced current is produced 1
 When ϴ= 90o maximum current produced // ϴ= 0o minimum 1
current produced
 Commutator is used to ensure the direction of the current that 1
flows through the external circuit is in one direction

(d)

CHARACTERISTICS REASON Max= 10

1. Step down
2. To reduce voltage
transformer
3. Ns: Np = 240: 6 = 4. To reduce 240V
40 : 1 to 6V
6. To change AC to
5. Use diode
DC
8. To smooth the
7. Use capacitor
output current
10. To reduce heat
9. Use laminated soft
loss due to eddy
iron core
current

TOTAL 20
 PERATURAN PEMARKAHAN 157

BAHAGIAN C

NO.4 ANSWER MARK

(a) Current that flows in one direction 1

(b)  The (magnadur) magnets produce a magnetic field / diagram 1
 The current in the wire produces a magnetic field / diagram 1
 The two magnetic fields interact/combine to form a resultant / 1
catapult field/ diagram

1
S N

(c)

CHARACTERISTICS
1. Low density material
3. High number of turns
5. High strength magnets
7. More segments
REASON
2. Coil has smaller mass
/ lighter
4. Larger force acting on
the coil / higher
Max= 10
electromagnetic field
strength
6. Larger force acting on
the coil
8. Coil rotates smoothly

9. Motor R is chosen
10. Because.......1357//2468

(d)(i) 3 x 8 // 24 (J) 1
(d)(ii) 24 (𝑒𝑐𝑓) 1
5
4.8 W 1
(d)(iii) 4.8 (𝑒𝑐𝑓) 1
× 100 %
12
40 % // 0.4 1
TOTAL 20
 PERATURAN PEMARKAHAN 158

KERTAS 3 (BAHAGIAN B)

NO. 5 ANSWER MARK

(a) The brightness of the light depends on the speed of rotation of the 1
wheel.
The greater the velocity of the magnet in the coil wire, the greater 1
(b)
magnitude of the induced current.
To investigate the relationship between the velocity of the magnet 1
(c)(i) and the magnitude of the induced current. //When the height of the
magnet higher, the velocity increases
MV: velocity of the magnet 1
(c)(ii)
RV: magnitude of the induced current
CV: number of turns of the coil 1
Bar magnet, a coil of cooper wire, miliammeter, meter ruler, 1
(c)(iii)
connecting wires
1

(c)(iv)

1. The apparatus is arranged as shown in diagram. The height 1

of bar magnet is adjusted at h = 20 cm.
2. The bar magnet is dropped into the coil of wire. Reading of 1
(c)(v)
miliammeter for current is recorded.
1
3. The steps are repeated for h = 30 cm, h = 40 cm, h = 50 cm
and h = 60 cm
1
h/ cm I/ mA
20
(c)(vi) 30
40
50
60

(c)(vii)

TOTAL 12
 PERATURAN PEMARKAHAN 159

BAB 9: ELEKTRONIK

BAHAGIAN A

NO.1 ANSWER MARK

Diagram 6.1 – anode of the diode is connected to positive terminal of 1
dry cell.
(a)(i)
Diagram 6.2 – anode of diode is connected to the negative terminal
of dry cell.
(a)(ii) Bulb in diagram 6.1 lights up, bulb in Diagram 6.2 does not lights up. 1
The bulb does not light up when the positive diode is connected to 1
negative battery // reversed biased
(a)(iii) OR
The bulb light up when the positive diode is connected to positive
battery// forward biased

(a)(iv)
1
1
- AC power supply
- arrangement of diodes (output & input)
1
(a)(v)

(a)(vi) Capacitor 1
TOTAL 8

NO.2 ANSWER MARK

(a) Convert AC to DC 1
Four diode 1
(b)(i) 1
Full wave rectifcation
With capacitor 1
(b)(ii) 1
Smoother the current
(c) Circuit R 1
(d) Allows current to flow in only one direction 1
(e)(i) T = 4 x 0.02 = 0.08 s 1
f = 1/0.08 1
(e)(ii) 1
= 12.5 Hz
1
(e)(iii) 1

No change in amplitude, half period

TOTAL 12
 PERATURAN PEMARKAHAN 160

BAHAGIAN B

NO.3 ANSWER MARK

(a) Cathode ray is a narrow beam of a fast electrons moving in a 1
vacuum.
(b)(i) Negative/ (-) 1
(b)(ii) Voltage of EHT in diagram 10.2 is greater than 10.1 1
The deflection in diagram 10.2 is greater than 10.1 1
(c)(i) Voltage of EHT increases, the strength of electric field 1
increases // directly proportional
(c)(ii) The strength of electric field increases , the deflection of the 1
cathode ray increases// directly proportional
(d)  The cathode is heated emits electrons 1
 The electron/cathode ray accelerated 1
 Cathode rays travel in a straight line. 1
 Cathode rays is blocked by maltase cross 1
 Cathode rays carry kinetic energy and converts to light energy
when they hit the screen. 1
(e)
CHARACTERISTICS REASON
Max= 10
2. To heat up the
1. Filament
cathode
3. Cathode 4. Emits electrons
6. Controls the
number of
electrons// control
5. Control Grid
the brightness of
the image on the
screen
8. Focuses the
7. Focusing anode electrons into a
beam
10. To accelerate
9. Accelerating anode electrons to
towards the screen
12. To deflect the
11. Y-plates electron beam
vertically
14. To deflect the
13. X-plates electron beam
horizontally

TOTAL Max=20
 PERATURAN PEMARKAHAN 161

BAHAGIAN C

NO.4 ANSWER MARK

(a) Semiconductor is a material with electrical conductivity better than 1
insulator but weaker than a conductor
(b)  Doping process/Silicon is doped with pentavalent 1
atoms/Phosphorus/ Antimony 1
 To produce covalent bond 1
 Increase the free electron inside the semiconductor 1
 Majority charge-carriers is negative electron

Si Si Si Si
1


Max=4
Si P Si Si
Free
 electron
Si Si P Si

(c)(i) V X-Z = 6 V 1
(c)(ii) V X-Y = 6 – 1 = 5 V 1
(c)(iii)  RM 
VM     6V
 RM  RN 
 RM  1
5     6V
 RM  1000 
1
5RM+ 5 000 = 6RM
RM= 5 000 Ω
1
 PERATURAN PEMARKAHAN 162

(d)
CHARACTERISTICS
1. LDR is connected at
base circuit
3. Terminal positive of
batteries is connected to
collector
5. Bulbs are arranged in
parallel circuit
7. Relay switch is used
REASON
2. When intensity of Max= 10
light is low / dark,
resistance of LDR
increases / so Vbase
is large / transistor
switched on
4. So that the
transistor is forward
biased
6. All bulbs are
connected to
voltage supply of
95V
8. So that the
secondary circuit
will switch on // So
that the
electromagnet will
switch on the
secondary circuit

9. R is chosen
10. Because.....1357//2468

TOTAL 20
 PERATURAN PEMARKAHAN 163

BAB 10: RADIOAKTIF

BAHAGIAN A

NO.1 ANSWER MARK

Time for the activity of the radioactive substance to become half of 1
(a) the original activity // Time taken for half of the mass of radioactive
substance to decay
X : 10 minutes 1
(b)(i)
Y : 05 minutes 1
X : 50 % 1
(b)(ii)
Y : 25 % 1
The decay rates for substance X is slower//vice versa 1
(c)
The shorter the half life, the higher the decay rate 1
(d) Background radiation 1
TOTAL 8

NO.2 ANSWER MARK

8 hours 1
(a)(i)
Shorter time taken 1
Strong 1
(a)(ii)
Gamma ray 1
Liquid 1
(a)(iii)
Easier to dissolved 1
TOTAL 6
 PERATURAN PEMARKAHAN 164

BAHAGIAN B

NO.3 ANSWER MARK

(a) Unstable nucleus 1
(b)(i) Exponential graph 1
The time taken for the activity to become half of its initial value is
constant 1
(b)(ii) The time taken for the activity of P to be half its initial value is 1
constant //5 hrs
The time taken for the activity of Q to be half its initial value is
constant //100 s 1
(b)(iii) Half-life 1
(c)  Put the radioactive source opposite the detector 1
 Detector is connected to the thickness indicator 1
 Detector detect the reading of the changes in counts 1
 Thickness is measured with the thickness indicator 1
 If the reading of the detector is less than the specified value, the 1
thickness of the paper is too tick/ vice versa Max= 4
(d)

CHARACTERISTICS REASON Max= 10

Radioactive rays
Uses thick lead box
cannot pass through

Prevent the radioactive

Packed into concrete drum
waste discharged to the
and buried underground
environment

Use forceps/ robotic hand Avoid direct touching

Faster warning when
Use siren
leakage

Detect the exposure

Wearing photographic films
radiations

TOTAL Max=20
 PERATURAN PEMARKAHAN 165

BAHAGIAN C

NO.4 ANSWER MARK

(a)(i) Unstable isotope 1
(a)(ii)  Beta particles penetrates through the paper 1
 and detected by the detector 1
 If the detector detect lower reading the paper is too thick // If the 1
detector detect higher reading the paper is thin
 The roller has to compress harder if the paper is thick // Vice 1
versa
(b)

CHARACTERISTICS REASON
2. To slow down the fast
1. Graphite neutrons produced by the
fission.
4. To absorb some of the
3. Boron / Cadmium neutrons // reduce the rate
of the fission reaction. Max= 10
6. To absorb heat from the
5. Heavy water nuclear reaction// have high
specific heat capacity
8. To prevent leakage of
7. Thick radiation from the reactor
core

9. R is chosen
10. Because.... 1357//2468

(c)(i) 𝑚 = 0.19585 × 1.66 × 10−27 1

𝐸 = 𝑚𝑐 2
= 0.19585 × 1.66 × 10−27 × (3 × 108 )2 1
= 2.92599 × 10−11 𝐽 1
(c)(ii) 𝐸
𝑃=
𝑡
2.92599 × 10−11 1
=
5 × 10−6
= 5.8512 × 10−10 𝑊 1
TOTAL 20