3D SEISMIC ACQUISITION

SURVEY DESIGN FOR

INTERPOLATION

A N D R E A C R O O K 1 , B A L A Z S N E M E T H 2 , C H R I S T I A N E S C A L A N T E 2 , Y E Z H E N G 3 , L A U R I E R O S S 3 , K E I T H M I L L I S 1

1 O P T I S E I S S O L U T I O N S L T D .
2 B H P B I L L I T O N
3 G E O - X E X P L O R A T I O N S E R V I C E S I N C .
 OUTLINE
• Project Objectives
• Designing for Interpolation
• Limitations
• Multi-Year Acquisition
• Conclusions
 OBJECTIVE
Regional + Focused Infill = High Resolution ?
 METHODOLOGY
Input Decimated Combined Infill
Geometries
 PROCESSING
• Decimated Raw Shots
• Original Input Statics &
Velocities
• Multi-dimension interpolation
• Anti-Leakage Fourier Transform
(ALFT)
• inline, xline, offset, azimuth and
time
• Post Stack Migration
DECIMATED GEOMETRIES

½ Station
DECIMATED GEOMETRIES

Random
½ Station
½ Station
DECIMATED GEOMETRIES

Random
½ Station ½ Line
½ Station
DECIMATED GEOMETRIES

½ Sources Removed
Same Average Fold & Trace Density

Random
½ Station ½ Line
½ Station

½ Sources & Receivers Removed

Same Average Fold & Trace Density
 DECIMATED GEOMETRIES

½ Sources Removed
Same Average Fold & Trace Density
Increasing
Fold & Random
Trace ½ Station ½ Line
½ Station
Density

½ Sources & Receivers Removed

Same Average Fold & Trace Density
GEOMETRY COMPARISON

Trace Density
Based on

Fold
Constant
Bin Size

Offset
 OFFSET LIMITED FOLD
High
Fold

Low
Fold
 OFFSET LIMITED FOLD
High
Fold
½ Sources Removed

½ Sources & Receivers Removed

Low
Fold
INTERPOLATION RESULTS

Random
½ Station ½ Line
½ Station
INTERPOLATION COMPARISONS
• Near Offsets

• Trace Density

• Operational Efficiencies

• Randomization
 NEAR OFFSET EFFECT
½ Source & Rec Stations ½ Source & Rec Lines
NEAR OFFSET DISTRIBUTION
½ Source & Rec Stations ½ Source & Rec Lines
Large
Offset

Small
Offset
 NEAR OFFSET EFFECT
½ Stations ½ Lines
 NEAR OFFSET EFFECT
½ Stations ½ Lines
 TRACE DENSITY EFFECT
½ Source & Rec Stations ½ Source Station
 TRACE DENSITY
½ Source & Rec Stations ½ Source Station
High

Low
 TRACE DENSITY EFFECT
½ Source & Rec Stations ½ Source Station
 TRACE DENSITY EFFECT
½ Source & Rec Stations ½ Source Station
OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY EFFECT
½ Source Line ½ Source Station
OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY
Source
Density = Source
Density

Source
Linear Km > Source
Linear Km
OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY EFFECT
½ Source Line ½ Source Station
 RANDOMIZATION EFFECT
Regular ½ Source Station Random ½ Source Station
 RANDOMIZATION
Regular ½ Source Station Random ½ Source Station
 RANDOMIZATION EFFECT
Regular ½ Source Station Random ½ Source Station
INTERPOLATION RESULTS

Random
½ Station ½ Line
½ Station
LIMITATIONS
 REPROCESSING WITH/WITHOUT
RE-PICKING VELOCITIES & STATICS

Inline

Decimation with Decimation with

Original Velocities & Original Survey New Velocities &
Refraction Statics Refraction Statics

Crossline

32
MULTI-YEAR ACQUISITION
INCORRECT MULTI- YEAR SURVEYS

+ ≠

+ ≠
OFFSET & AZIMUTH DISTRIBUTIONS

Offset Azimuth

+
Correct Multi-Year Surveys

+ =

+ =
OFFSET & AZIMUTH DISTRIBUTIONS

Offset Azimuth

+
 Multi-Year Survey Fold

+ =

+ =

Bin Size = Double Original Bin Size = Original Bin Size = Original
MULTI-YEAR RESULTS

+ +
 MULTI-YEAR RESULTS

Inline Difference

+
 MULTI-YEAR RESULTS

Crossline Difference

+
MULTI-YEAR ACQUISITION

+
 CONCLUSIONS
• Best Interpolation results achieved when:
• High-density sampling maintained in one direction
• Guided Randomization applied
• Well sampled near offsets

• Multi-Year acquisition possible when:

• Infill survey has complimentary attributes
• high-density sampling maintained in one direction

• Design account for all processes, not just 5D interpolation

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
BHP Billiton

Geo-X Exploration Services Inc.

OptiSeis Solutions Ltd.