Jaipur National University

School of Engineering and Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

LABORATORY MANUAL

Communication Lab-II

1
 DOS AND DON’TS IN LABORATORY
1. Do not handle any equipment before reading the instructions /Instruction manuals.
2. Read carefully the power ratings of the equipment before it is switched ON, whether
ratings 230 V/50 Hz or 115V/60 Hz. For Indian equipment, the power ratings are normally
230V/50Hz. If you have equipment with 115/60 Hz ratings, do not insert power plug, as
our normal supply is 230V/50Hz., which will damage the equipment.
3. Observe type of sockets of equipment power to avoid mechanical damage.
4. Do not forcefully place connectors to avoid the damage.
5. Strictly observe the instructions given by the Teacher/ Lab Instructor.

INSTRUCTIONS FOR FACULTY

1. Evaluation should be done in each laboratory session.
2. Those students who are regular and doing good work must be encouraged.
3. VC/ PVC/ Director/ HOD must ensure that the practical has been successfully
demonstrated and completed. Proper register should be maintained which should be signed
by the Director/ HOD.
4. Students should be instructed to switch on the power supply after getting the
checked by the lab assistant / faculty. After the experiment is over, the students
must hand over the circuit board, wires, components, CRO probe and any other issued
material to the lab assistant/faculty.

2
 SAFETY WARNING
Before using this laboratory, read, understand and follow the Safety Precautions mentioned inside
this manual.
This is an educational laboratory where high-voltage terminals and large current-carrying
components and circuits are exposed for ease of measurements. Therefore, regardless of the
voltage and current levels, these should be treated as high voltages and high currents, and the
safety precautions mentioned in the manual must be followed.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
Why is safety important?
Attention and adherence to safety considerations is even more important in a power electronics
laboratory than is required in any other undergraduate electrical engineering laboratories. Power
electronic circuits can involve voltages of several hundred volts and currents of several tens of
amperes. By comparison the voltages in many teaching laboratories rarely exceed 20V and the
currents hardly ever exceed a few hundred milliamps. In order to minimize the potential hazards,
we will use DC power supplies that never exceed voltages above 40-50V and will have maximum
current ratings of 5A or less. However, in spite of this precaution, power electronics circuits on
which the student will work may involve substantially larger voltages (up to hundreds of volts) due
to the presence of large inductances in the circuits and the rapid switching on and off of amperes of
current in the inductances. For example, a boost converter can have an output voltage that can
theoretically go to infinite values if it is operating without load. Moreover, the currents in portions
of some converter circuits may be many times larger than the currents supplied by the DC supplies
powering the converter circuits. A simple buck converter is an example of a power electronics
circuit in which the output current may be much larger than the input DC supply current.

PREFACE
GOAL
The purpose of the experiments described here is to acquaint the student with:
(1) Various communication techniques
(2) Waveform encoding and decoding
(3) Instruments & procedures for electronic test & measurement.
The aim is to teach a practical skill that the student can use in the course of his or her own
experimental research projects in communication and signal processing
At the end of this course, the student should be able to:
(1) Design and build simple circuits of his or herown design.
(2) Use electronic test & measurement instruments such as oscilloscopes, timers, function
generators, etc. in experimental research.

3
 List of Experiments
6EC8 :Communication Lab- II

Marks Allotted: 100

1. Study of Sample and hold circuit using Op-amp
2. Study of PAM generation and detector and observe characteristics of both single and dual
polarity pulse amplitude modulation.
3. Study of pulse width modulation and demodulation.
4. Study of pulse position modulation demodulation.
5. Study of delta modulation and demodulation and observe effect of slope overload
6. Study of pulse data coding techniques for NRZ formats.
7. Data decoding techniques for NRZ formats
8. Study of amplitude shift keying modulator and demodulator.
9. Study of frequency shift keying modulator and demodulator.
10. Study of phase shift keying modulator and demodulator
11. Study of single bit error detection and correction using Hamming code
12. Study of Pulse code modulation and demodulation.

4
Experiment-1

5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Experiment-2

16
17
18
19
Experiment-3

20
21
Experiment-4

22
23
24
Experiment-5

25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
 Experiment-6
Objective: Study of pulse data coding techniques for NRZ formats

35
36
Experiment-7

37
38
39
Experiment-8

40
41
Experiment-9

42
43
44
45
 Experiment-10
Obejective: Study of single bit error detection and correction using Hamming code

46
47
48
49
50
 Experiment-12
Objective: Study of Pulse code modulation and demodulation.

51
52
53
Conclusion: We perform waveform coding, pulse code modulation and serial and
parallel transmission

54