DESK

STUDY REPORT
OF
SANGAD HYDROPOWER PROJECT
(3.5 MW)

Submitted By:
Sani – Tribeni Rural Municipality, Kalikot
 

Submitted To:
Ministry of Energy
Department of Electricity Development (DoED)
Anamnagar, Kathmandu
Nepal
 
 
 
1. Introduction

A preliminary desk study has been carried out based on available maps with a view of
identifying potential hydropower sites at kalikot District. Sani – Tribeni Rural Municipality
has deputed a technical consultant to find the suitable project location in the area and
preparation of the necessary technical document for the project. The technical team
visited the site identified the potential project at Sanigad and has prepared necessary
document required to get the study license of the project. The name of the project is
designed as Sanigad Hydropower Project.

1.1 Salient Features of the Project

1. General Description

i. Name of Project: Sanigad Hydropower Project

ii. Name of River: Sanigad
iii. Location:
Sanni – Triveni Rural Municipality Kalikot District

iv. Geographical Location: Latitude: 290 13' 06" North to 290 15' 40" North
Longitude: 81035' 50" East to 810 38' 11" East
v. Accessibility: Kathmandu – Kohalpur – Surkhet - Jumla Road

2. Hydrology

i. Name of Basin: Karnali

ii. Catchment Area: 92 km2
iii. Avg. Maximum Flow: 13.22 m3/s
iv. Avg. Minimum Flow: 0.55 m3/s
v. Design Discharge: 1.47 m3/s
vi. Annual Avg. Rainfall: 1300 mm
vii. Type of River: Perennial

3. Diversion Weir

i. Type: Free flow overflow RCC with gated under sluice

ii. Shape: Broad Crested
iii. Length: 35 m (approx.)
 4. Headrace Structures

i. Length of Headrace Pipe: 3.5 km (approx.)

ii. Desanding Basin: Hoffer, continuous flushing type
iii. Length of Steel Penstock: 350 m (approx.)
iv. No. of Penstock: 1

5. Powerhouse and Tailrace

i. Type: Surface
ii. Size:
Suitable to accommodate 2 units of generating
units and other required equipment & accessories
iii. Gross Head: 300 m (approx.)
iv. Net Head: 285 m (approx.)
v. No. of Generating Unit: 2
vi. Length of Tailrace: 150 m (approx.)

6. Power

i.Installed Capacity: 3.50 MW

ii.Firm Capacity: 1.2 MW
iii.Avg. Annual Energy: 21.49 GWh

1.2 The Project

The project is located at Sanigad stream. Sanigad is extended up to 4390 m altitude,

occupying approximately 92 km2 at proposed intake. The major part of the river basin is in
lower mountain range. Few small and medium size streams are the tributaries of this river.

The proposed Sanigad HPP is located in Northen - West part of Kalikot District, which is
about 800 km North-West from Kathmandu. The project site is at Sanni-Tribeini Rural
Municipality of Kalikot District.

The intake of the project is proposed at downstream side of Sanigad- Kabri Khola
confluence, about 6.5 km from Sanigad Bazaar as marked in the topographical map. The
 proposed alignment of the headrace is on the left side of Sanigad stream as shown in the
map in Annexure 1. Likewise, the proposed powerhouse location is approx. 4 km
downstream side from the proposed intake.

The proposed project is run-of-the river (RoR) type and there is no significant impact over
the existing environment due to the presence of external structures like diversion, intake,
de-sander, surge-tank and powerhouse since all of these structures will have fairly small
size and volume. Moreover, there is no pondage due to the presence of diversion weir and
other structures since the weir will be constructed free flow type.

Study of available maps and information indicates that the installed capacity of proposed
power project would be about 3.5 MW, utilizing the discharge of 1.47 m3/s and gross head
of 300 m respectively.

1.3 Location and Accessibility

The project site is located in Sanni – Tribeni Rural Municipality of Kalikot District. The
proposed project site can be reached in 3 hours from Kathmandu via Surkhet – Dailekh
Jitegada of Kalikot. From Jitegada about 20 Km earthen road is available upto Powerhouse
site. About 3 hour walking from powerhouse is required to go upto headworks site.

1.4 The Project Site

As mentioned elsewhere the proposed intake of the project is just below the Sanigad- Kabri
Khola confluence. The altitude of the proposed intake is about 1300 m, whereas the
powerhouse will be situated at about 1000 m. The Latitude and Longitude of the project
location is given below:

Latitude: 290 13' 06" North to 290 15' 40" North

Longitude: 810 35' 50" East to 810 38' 11" East

The location of tail race would be approx. 4 km downstream from the proposed intake and
at an altitude of about 1000 m.
2. Hydrology of Source River

2.1 Catchments Characteristics

Sanigad stream is a perennial river originating from the Middle Mountain range. The highest
location in the Sanigad catchment is boundary of Kalikot and Bajura district with an
elevation of 4390 MSL.

The elevation at intake site is about 1300 m from MSL. The length of the river up to the
intake area is about 14 km, giving an average gradient of the river as 7%.

2.2 Project Description

The general arrangement of the Sanigad HPP comprises a free flow type diversion weir and
intake on Sanigad, just below confluence of Sanigad-Kabri khola on Sani – Tribeni Rural
Municipality of Kalikot District, which will divert the water via headrace pipe, as shown in
the figure below and about 350 m long steel lined penstock to the powerhouse.

The general arrangement of the headwork for the proposed project is presented in
Topographical Maps in Annexure - 1 of this report. All the related components have been
shown in the map scaled 1:50,000 produced by Department of Survey.

2.3 Access Road

Road upto powerhouse site (Jitegada – Sanigad bazzar) is accessible. About 8 km access
road is to be constructed to reach upto the headworks site of the project area.

2.4 Headworks

The general arrangement of the headwork comprises a free flow weir of some 35 m long
diverts the design flow into a semi-surface intake chamber at the left bank of Sanigad
stream.

2.5 Headrace Structure and Penstock

The headrace pipe from left bank of Sanigad stream will convey water from intake to surge
tank and 350 m long steel penstock upto the powerhouse.

Steel penstock will connect to the powerhouse by steel manifold, which allows the flow to
the generating units over the surface powerhouse.
2.6 Powerhouse

Powerhouse will be located on the left bank of Sanigad stream. The size of the powerhouse
is recommended for 2 units of Pelton Turbine each consist of 1.8 MW in capacity.

2.7 Tailrace

Flows are discharged from the powerhouse to Sanigad stream through a tailrace canal of
150 m long. A weir shall be constructed over the tailrace to avoid submergence on the unit
in the case of high flood.

2.8 Transmission Line

A 33kV outdoor type switchyard shall be constructed near the powerhouse to evacuate the
generated power. The switchyard components shall be suitable for hot, humid and
moderately polluted environment. The switchgear system for this switchyard shall be
equipped with Circuit breakers, Current transformers, potential transformers,
disconnecting switches with/without earthing and Lightning Arrestors and synchronous
check relay etc. for 33kV incoming and outgoing circuits. The switchgear system here will
work in coordination with the associated control panels accommodated in the control room
and shall ensure the overall protection of the switchyard,
The  generated  power  shall  be  evacuated  through  33kV  Single  circuit  line  connecting  to 
proposed  33/11kV  substation  of  Bajura  (Martadi).  The  length  of  transmission  line  is 
approximately 30 Km from powerhouse site.

2.9 Installed Capacity and Energy Generation

Sanigad HPP could produce 3.5 MW of power under the gross head of 300 m and total rated
turbine flow of 1.47 m3/sec. Based on the desk study, the capacity could generate annual
firm energy production of approximately 21.49 GWh. The project has no peaking capacity
and would be operated solely in a run-of-river mode. The details of energy generation have
been enclosed in Annexure -1 of this report.

2.10 Survey Area, Boundary and Alignment

The desk study team has been identified the probable survey boundary area for the future
use. The possible survey area boundary is presented in Longitude and Latitude as below:

Latitude: 290 13' 06" North to 290 15' 40" North

Longitude: 810 35' 50" East to 810 38' 11" East
 The project location plan is presented original topographical maps and is enclosed in
Annexure - 1 of this report, in which diversion, headrace alignment and powerhouse
location are marked.

3. Environmental Consideration

3.1 Introduction

The National Environmental Guideline dealt about the hydropower project and need of
environmental studies to maintain the quality of environment of the project site. Relevant
environmental study will be carried out as per the law of Govt. of Nepal.

4. Conclusion and Recommendation

This study gives an overview of the project site and the site is stable enough to carry the
structures like diversion, intake, de-sander, headrace pipe, surge tank, penstock, and
powerhouse. Preliminary study of the project location shows that it is fairly promising site to
develop (3.5 MW) hydropower project at the mentioned location.
Annexure -1
1. Energy Table

2. Layout Map

3. Work Schedule
1. Energy Table

Sannigad Hydropower Project
Power and Energy Calculation

Types of Turbine Pelton
Number of Units 2
Design Discharge 1.47 m3/s
Environmental Release 0.06 m3/s
Full Reservoir Level 1300 m
Tail Water Level 1000 m
Gross Head 300 m
Outage 4%
Plant Capacity 3.5 MW

Monthly Monthly
Monthlay
Net Design Net Monthly Outage Average Average
Available No.of Discharge Turbine Generator Transformer Overal Headloss Energy Avg. Net
Month Turbine Discharge Head Avg. Days (5%) Dry Wet
Flow Units per Unit Efficiency Efficiency Efficiency Efficiency (m) (GWh) Energy
Discharge % (m) Capacity (GWh) Energy, Energy,
(GWh)
(GWh) (GWh)
Baiakh 0.57 0.52 1 0.52 71% 88% 97% 99% 84.65% 5.29 294.71 1.27 31 0.94 0.04 0.91 0.91
jestha 1.54 1.47 2 0.73 100% 87% 98% 99% 84.41% 15.00 285.00 3.47 28 2.33 0.09 2.24 1.12 1.12
Asar 5.27 1.47 2 0.73 100% 87% 98% 99% 84.41% 15.00 285.00 3.47 31 2.58 0.10 2.48 2.48
Shrawan 10.95 1.47 2 0.73 100% 87% 98% 99% 84.41% 15.00 285.00 3.47 30 2.50 0.10 2.40 2.40
Bhadra 10.41 1.47 2 0.73 100% 87% 98% 99% 84.41% 15.00 285.00 3.47 31 2.58 0.10 2.48 2.48
Asoj 5.14 1.47 2 0.73 100% 87% 98% 99% 84.41% 15.00 285.00 3.47 30 2.50 0.10 2.40 2.40
kartik 1.97 1.47 2 0.73 100% 87% 98% 99% 84.41% 15.00 285.00 3.47 31 2.58 0.10 2.48 2.48
mansir 1.06 1.00 2 0.50 68% 88% 97% 99% 84.22% 10.21 289.79 2.39 31 1.78 0.07 1.71 0.85 0.85
Poush 0.74 0.69 1 0.69 93% 89% 98% 99% 85.92% 7.00 293.00 1.69 30 1.22 0.05 1.17 1.17
Magh 0.69 0.63 1 0.63 86% 89% 98% 99% 86.19% 6.43 293.57 1.56 31 1.16 0.05 1.12 1.12
Falgun 0.68 0.62 1 0.62 85% 89% 98% 99% 86.15% 6.37 293.63 1.55 30 1.11 0.04 1.07 1.07
Chaitra 0.65 0.60 1 0.60 82% 89% 97% 99% 86.03% 6.11 293.89 1.48 31 1.10 0.04 1.06 1.06
365 22.38 0.90 21.49 7.30 14.19

Dry Energy (GWh)  7.30 
Wet Energy (GWh)  14.19 
Total Energy (GWh)  21.49 
PF  0.74 
2. Layout Map

Sanigad Bazzar 
3. Work Schedule