ENGLISH

Bryan Coyago
NAME

B1
MARCOS RAMÓN
PREINTERMEDIATE TEACHER
LEVEL

PORTAFOLIO
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El Departamento Especializado en Idiomas, de
Universidad Técnica de Ambato por sus niveles
excelencia se construirá en una unidad
complementaria de apoyo a la formación superior
con liderazgo y proyección nacional e internacional.

Complementar la formación de profesionales

líderes competentes con visión humanista y
pensamiento crítico a través de la enseñanza de
idiomas enmarcadas en la Excelencia Académica,
la Investigación y la Vinculación, que apliquen,
promuevan y difundan el conocimiento
respondiendo a las necesidades del país.

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 PROFILE

NAME: BRYAN COYAGO

AGE: 20 YEARS OLD

PROFESSION: ESTUDENT

CAREER: INDUSTRIAL ENGINEER AT THE

TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF AMBATO

PHONE: 2853690

EMAIL: bryancoyago @hotmail.com

LEVEL: B1 PREINTERMEDIATE

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4
 VALIDACIÓN DEL SÍLABO

Fecha de elaboración:

-------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------
DOCENTE COORDINADOR DOCENTE PLANIFICADOR UTA
DE ASIGNATURA-UTA

Fecha de aprobación:

-------------------------- -------------------------------
Coordinador de Área Coordinador de Carrera
Evaluador del Módulo Aval del Módulo

--------------------------------
Subdecano de la Facultad
Visto Bueno

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6
PART OF SPEACH

part of
speech function or "job" example words example sentences

Verb action or state (to) be, have, do, like, EnglishClub is a web site.
work, sing, can, must I likeEnglishClub.

Noun thing or person pen, dog, work, music, This is my dog. He lives in my house. We
town, London, teacher, live in London.
John

Adjective describes a noun good, big, red, well, My dogs are big. I like big dogs.
interesting

Determiner limits or "determines" a a/an, the, 2, some, I have two dogs andsome rabbits.
noun many

Adverb describes a verb, adjective quickly, silently, well, My dog eatsquickly. When he
or adverb badly, very, really isvery hungry, he eatsreally quickly.

Pronoun replaces a noun I, you, he, she, some Tara is Indian. Sheis beautiful.

Preposition links a noun to another to, at, after, on, but We went to schoolon Monday.
word

Conjunction joins clauses or sentences and, but, when I like dogs and I like cats. I like
or words cats anddogs. I like dogs butI don't like
cats.

Interjection short exclamation, oh!, ouch!, hi!, well Ouch! That hurts!Hi! How are you?Well, I
sometimes inserted into a don't know.
sentence

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OBJECT PRONOUNS
The seven basic pronouns have one form when they are used as subjects and another form when
they are used as objects.

Subjects are what the sentence is about. (See more about Subject Pronouns)
Objects are what is affected by the action of the subject.

 I like whisky. (I is the subject).

 I read books. (Books is the object as it is receiving the action).

PRONOUNS

Subject Pronoun Object Pronoun

I Me
You You
He Him
She Her
It It
We Us
You (plural) You
They Them

Object pronouns are used instead of nouns, usually because we already know what the object
is. It makes the sentence easier to read and understand and avoids repetition. We normally use
object pronouns after a verb or a preposition.

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POSSESSIVE ADJETIVES
Possessive adjectives are used to show possession or ownership of something. While we use
them when we refer to people, it is more in the sense of relationship than ownership.

The possessive adjectives in English are as follows:

Possessive
Subject
Adjective

I My
You Your
He His
She Her
It Its
We Our
You (pl) Your
They Their

The possessive adjective needs to agree with the possessor and not with the thing that is
possessed.

Examples

 My car is very old.

 Her boyfriend is very friendly.
 Our dog is black.
 Their homework is on the table.

Like all adjectives in English, they are always located directly in front of the noun they refer
to. (Possessive Adjective + Noun)

We do not include an S to the adjective when the noun is plural like in many other languages.

Examples:

 Our cars are expensive. (Correct)

Ours cars are expensive. (Incorrect)

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 REGLAS DE ORTOGRAFÍA PARA AGREGAR
"ING"
Se cambia la ortografía de algunos verbos cuando se les agrega "ing".

VERBOS QUE TERMINAN EN

"CONSONANTE-VOCAL-CONSONANTE"

Cuando un verbo termina en consonante-vocal-consonante y ponemos el ÉNFASIS en este

sonido cuando pronunciamos el verbo, duplicamos el último consonante. Después
agregamos ing.

En los siguientes ejemplos el consonante está azul, la vocal está verde y la ing está roja.

run => runn + ing => running

stop => stopp + ing => stopping
plan => plann + ing => planning
begin => beginn + ing => beginning

Pero si no ponemos el ÉNFASIS en este sonido cuando pronunciamos el verbo, simplemente

agregamos ing.

open => open + ing => opening

visit => visit + ing => visiting
listen => listen + ing => listening
happen => happen + ing => happening

VERBOS QUE TERMINAN EN "E"

Cuando un verbo termina en la letra e, primero la eliminamos y después agregamos ing.

En los siguientes ejemplos la letra e está violeta y la ing está roja.

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take => tak + ing => taking
make => mak + ing => making
dance => danc + ing => dancing
write => writ + ing => writing

VERBOS QUE TERMINAN EN "IE"

Cuando un verbo termina en las letras ie, las cambiamos por una y y agregamos ing.

En los siguientes ejemplos las letras ie están marrones, la letra y también está marrón y
la ing está roja.

lie => ly + ing => lying

die => dy + ing => dying

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GERUND AFTER CERTAIN VERBS
We sometimes use one verb after another verb. Often the second verb is in the to-infinitive
form, for example:

 I want to eat.

But sometimes the second verb must be in gerund form, for example:

 I dislike eating.

This depends on the first verb. Here is a list of verbs that are usually followed by a verb in
gerund form:

 admit, appreciate, avoid, carry on, consider, defer, delay, deny, detest, dislike,
endure, enjoy, escape, excuse, face, feel like, finish, forgive, give up, can't help,
imagine, involve, leave off, mention, mind, miss, postpone, practise, put off, report,
resent, risk, can't stand, suggest, understand

Look at these examples:

 She is considering having a holiday.

not She is considering to have a holiday.

 Do you feel like going out?

 I can't help falling in love with you.

 I can't stand not seeing you.

Some verbs can be followed by the gerund form or the to-infinitive form without a big
change in meaning: begin, continue, hate, intend, like, love, prefer, propose, start

 I like to play tennis. / I like playing tennis.

 It started to rain. / It started raining.

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GOING TO AND PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Future plan

In addition to the simple future we can talk about future events by using either:

 the present continuous, or

 to be (in the simple present) + going to +verb.

These two forms are used to talk about future plans. There are, however, some differences
between the two forms.

1. The present continuous for future plans:

The present continuous is used when we say what we have planned and arranged to do at a
specific time in the future. These are fixed plans with definite time and/or place.

Examples:

 I'm doing my homework this evening.

 I'm starting university in September.
 Sally is meeting John at seven o'clock this evening in a restaurant downtown.

2. To be + going to + verb:

A. We use 'going to' to express the future when we intend to do something or have decided to
do something but did not arrange it. It is just an intention.

Example:

 A: The windows are dirty.

B: Yes I know. I'm going to clean them later.
= I've decided to clean them ,but I haven't arranged to clean them.

B. We also use 'going to' to make predictions.

 Watch out! you are going to break the glass.

 It's so cloudy! I think it's going to rain.

Related material:

 Listen to "Precocious Piggy: where are you going?"

 Exercise on the future plan.
 Simple future

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14
UNIDAD 1.
Sight.- vista
Argued.- discutir
Each.- cada
Smile.- sonreir
Wedding.- boda

UNIDAD 2.
Customer.- cliente
Learn.- aprender
Designer.- diseñador
Keen.- entusiasta
Boos.- negocio
Sales.- ventas
Retail.- ventas al pormenor

UNIDAD 3.
Webs.- telas
View.- ver
Weird.- raro
Ask us.- nos pide
Bow.- arco
Candle.- vela
Scrambled.- revueltos
Book.- anotar
Sharp.- afilado
Leave.- dejar

UNIDAD 4.
Speech.- exposicion
Mistake.- error
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Above.- de arriba
Bold.- negritas
Prompts.- sugerencias
Few.- pocos
Spelling.- deletrear
Must.- debes
Performance.- función, acto
Foreign.- extrangera
Alowed.- permitido
Knowledge.- conocimiento
Improve.- mejorar

UNIDAD 5.
Journey.- viaje
Recognise.- reconocer
Loud.- ruidoso
Prompt.- rapido
Suitcase.- maleta
Hundreds.- cientos
Avoids.- evita
Sightseeing.- turismo

UNIDAD 6.
Fatty.- grasosa
Junk.- basura
Still.- todavia
Laugh.- rie
Desserts.- postres

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1.-Idiom: Piece of cake.
Literally: Pieza de pastel.
As idioms: Pan comido / fácil.
Example: This quiz is a piece of cake.

2.-Idiom: Pull someone’s leg.

Literally: Tirar de la pierna de alguien.
As idioms: Tomar el pelo a alguien.
Example: You are .thirty years old. Pull someone’s leg.

3.-Idiom: An arm and leg.

Literally: Un brazo y una pierna.
As idioms: Muy caro o muy costoso.
Example: The man’s new sports car cost an arm and a leg.

4.-Idiom: People person.

Literally: Personas Persona.
As idioms: Persona sociable.
Example: Carlos is a people person.

5.-Idiom: Miss the boat.

Literally: Perder el bote.
As idioms: Perder la oportunidad.
Example: There were tickets available last week, but he missed the boat by waiting till today
to try to buy some.

6.- Don’t cry spilt milk.

Literally: No llorar derramando leche.
As idioms: Lo hecho, hecho está/ No llores por tus propios errores.
Example: I know you didn’t mean to break my phone, so there’s no use in crying over spilt
milk now .

7. - Idiom: A word is enough to the wise.

Literally: Una palabra es suficiente para los sabios.
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As idioms: A buen entendedor pocas palabras.
Example: If you are an intelligent person, you follow this advice. A word is enough to the wise.
I need not repeat or explain it again.

8.-Idiom: Live wire.

Literally: Cable de alta tensión.
As idioms: Persona activa (pilas).
Example: Let’s invite the new guy to be part of our team. He is a real live wire.

9.-Idiom: Like father, like son.

Literally: Como padre, como hijo.
As idioms: De tal palo, tal astilla.
Example: Like father, like son you love sushi just like your father.

10.-Idiom: What a small world.

Literally: Que mundo tan pequeño.
As idioms: El mundo es un pañuelo.
Example: If you meet someone new and you discover that you both went to the same school
you can say “what a small world”.

11.-Idiom: Feeling under the weather.

Literally: Sentimiento bajo el clima.
As idioms: No sentirse bien.
Example: Carlos is feeling under the weather in class.

12.-Idiom: At sixes and sevens.

Literally: En seises y sietes.
As idioms: Hecho un lío / estar desordenado.
Example: All her documents were at sixes and sevens.

13.-Idiom: At the drop of a hat.

Literally: En la caída de un sombrero.
As idioms: En menos que canta un gallo.
Example: I go to do my homeworks at the drop of a hat.
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14.-Idiom: Give me five.
Literally: Dame cinco.
As idioms: Bien hecho.
Example: Mon I’m the best student of the class. Give me five.

15.-Idiom: Tie the knot.

Literally: Atar el nudo.
As idioms: Casarse.
Example: We are going to the knot on Saturday .

16.-Idiom: Hit the books.

Literally: Golpear a los libros.
As idioms: Estudiar duro.
Example: There’s a big test tomorrow. I need to hit the book.

17.-Idiom: To be in the red.

Literally: Estar en el rojo.
As idioms: No tener dinero.
Example: This month I will have problems. I am in the red.

18.-Idiom: Don’t count your chickens before they are hatched.

Literally: No cuentes los pollos antes que salga del cascarón.
As idioms: No cantes victoria antes de tiempo.
Example: Luis was planning his winning celebration before race started but he counted his
chickens before they are hatched as he ended up receiving last place.

19.-Idiom: Don’t count your chickens before they are hatched.

Literally: No cuentes los pollos antes que salga del cascarón.
As idioms: No cantes victoria antes de tiempo.
Example: Luis was planning his winning celebration before race started but he counted his
chickens before they are hatched as he ended up receiving last place.

20.-Idiom: It’s the last straw that breaks the camel’s back.
Literally: Es la último gota que colmó el vaso.
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As idioms: Esta fue la gota que derramó el vaso.
Example: Carla always late for the office on Friday arrived very late for the meeting with an
important client. It’s the last straw that breaks the camel’s back. The boss fired here.

21.-Idiom: Bad egg

Literally: Malo huevo.
As idioms: Mala influencia.
Example: My friends of the university are dab egg. Because they invite me to drink alcohol.

22.-Idiom: The squeaky wheel gets the oil/grease.

Literally: La rueda chirriante obtiene el aceite/grasa.
As idioms: El que llora, mama.
Example: If you want, a hug or a kiss ask for it, the squeaky wheel gets the oil.

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22
1. In the last class we reviewed the Unit 1.1. Was about Are you happy? In the grammar section
referenced to Questions forms and in the Vocabulary section was about free time. Finally in
the how to section we had to ask and answers personal questions.

2. In the last class we reviewed the topic was True love, the other topic vocabulary,
relationships grammar. The vocabulary section was about relationships for example; married,
single, husband, wife and grammar section was about past simple the structure both. The verb
to be was/were and aux with other verb. And finally, we reviewed problems of relationships.

3. In the last class we reviewed the Unit 2.1. Was about The Company 4 U? In the grammar
section we checked present simple and continuous. Then we checked the vocabulary section
for example; salary, office, etc. The research to today is object pronouns.

4. In the last class we reviewed the Unit 2.2. The topic was about a risky business. In the
grammar section we reviewed the adverbs of frequency. Then we reviewed the vocabulary
section was about jobs. Finally to today is the reading question exercise B. Thanks.

5. In the last class we reviewed the Unit 3.2. Was about Weird or wonderful? In the grammar
section we had to do questions without auxiliaries. Next in the vocabulary section we
referenced the arts. And finally in the how to section we had to make questions and reviewed
the present perfect.

6. In the last class we reviewed the Unit 3.3. Was about Can I take a message? Then we had to
discuss some questions and learned to collocations.

7. In the last class we did the Quiz unit 3-4. Yesterday we didn’t hear English class. To today
we are going to take the writing optional. That’s all.

8. In the last class we reviewed the simple present and past continuous.

9. In the last class we reviewed the unit 5.3. It was about you can’t miss it. Then we did
exercises and checked the vocabulary section. And function section. To today we are going to
start the unit 6.1. It is about a long life and check the object pronouns. That’s all.

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VERB TO BE
The verb be has the following forms:

Present simple: Affirmative I am We are

You are You are
He/She/It is They are
Question form: Am I? Are we?
Are you? Are you?
Is he/she it? Are they?
Negative: I am not/ I’m not We are not/aren’t
You are not/ aren’t You are not/aren’t
He/She/It is not/ isn’t They are not/aren't
Past simple I was We were
You were You were
He/She/It was They were
The past participle: been.
Present perfect: has/have been
Past perfect: had been

PREPOSITIONS
A preposition describes a relationship between other words in a sentence. In itself, a word like
"in" or "after" is rather meaningless and hard to define in mere words. For instance, when you
do try to define a preposition like "in" or "between" or "on," you invariably use your hands to
show how something is situated in relationship to something else. Prepositions are nearly
always combined with other words in structures called prepositional phrases. Prepositional
phrases can be made up of a million different words, but they tend to be built the same: a
preposition followed by a determiner and an adjective or two, followed by a pronoun or noun
(called the object of the preposition). This whole phrase, in turn, takes on a modifying role,
acting as an adjective or an adverb, locating something in time and space, modifying a noun,
or telling when or where or under what conditions something happened.

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LET AND LET´S
The word let has several meanings. It can be a noun or a verb.
As a noun (e.g., a holiday let), it has the plural lets (e.g., three holiday lets). As a verb in the
present tense, it goes:
 I let
 you let
 he/she/it lets
 we let
 you let
 they let

Below are the meanings for let:

A play usually in racket/racquet sports) which is nullified and has to be played again.
 The ball touched the top of the net causing a let.
 There have been three lets on this serve so far.
A rented property (as a noun):
 This is a holiday let.
 There are a few lets on this estate.
To rent a property (as a verb):
 She is prepared to let this building for six months.
 This building is to let.
 She lets several houses in the area.
To allow:
 He let the dog lick his lollipop.
 Paula lets him cook the dinner on Fridays.
 The man who lets himself be bored is even more contemptible than the bore. (Samuel
Butler, 1835-1902)
 There is always one moment in childhood when the door opens and lets the future in.
(Graham Greene)

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Let's
The word let's is a contraction of let us. Let's [do something] is close in meaning to We should
[do something]. For example:
 Let's go fishing.
 Let's have a party. Oh yes, let's.
 Let's have a party if mum lets us.
 I'm all in favor of keeping dangerous weapons out of the hands of fools. Let's start with
typewriters. (Solomon Short)
 Life loves to be taken by the lapel and told: "I'm with you kid. Let's go." (Maya
Angelou)

QUANTIFIERS

What are quantifiers?

A quantifier is a word or phrase which is used before a noun to indicate the amount or quantity:
'Some', 'many', 'a lot of' and 'a few' are examples of quantifiers.
Quantifiers can be used with both countable and uncountable nouns.

Examples:
There are some books on the desk
He's got only a few dollars.
How much money have you got?
There is a large quantity of fish in this river.
He's got more friends than his sister.

Examples of quantifiers

With Uncountable Nouns

 much
 a little/little/very little *
 a bit (of)
 a great deal of
 a large amount of
 a large quantity of

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With Both
 all
 enough
 more/most
 less/least
 no/none
 not any
 some
 any
 a lot of
 lots of
 plenty of

With Countable Nouns

 many
 a few/few/very few **
 a number (of)
 several
 a large number of
 a great number of
 a majority of

PAST SIMPLE
USE 1 Completed Action in the Past
Use the Simple Past to express the idea that an action started and finished at a specific time in
the past. Sometimes, the speaker may not actually mention the specific time, but they do have
one specific time in mind.
Examples:
 I saw a movie yesterday.
 I didn't see a play yesterday.
 Last year, I traveled to Japan.
 Last year, I didn't travel to Korea.
 Did you have dinner last night?

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  She washed her car.
 He didn't wash his car.

USE 2 A Series of Completed Actions

We use the Simple Past to list a series of completed actions in the past. These actions happen
1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and so on.
Examples:
 I finished work, walked to the beach, and found a nice place to swim.
 He arrived from the airport at 8:00, checked into the hotel at 9:00, and met the others
at 10:00.
 Did you add flour, pour in the milk, and then add the eggs?
USE 3 Duration in Past
The Simple Past can be used with a duration which starts and stops in the past. A duration is a
longer action often indicated by expressions such as: for two years, for five minutes, all day,
all year, etc.
Examples:
 I lived in Brazil for two years.
 Shauna studied Japanese for five years.
 They sat at the beach all day.
 They did not stay at the party the entire time.
 We talked on the phone for thirty minutes.
 A: How long did you wait for them?
 B: We waited for one hour.

USE 4 Habits in the Past

The Simple Past can also be used to describe a habit which stopped in the past. It can have the
same meaning as "used to." To make it clear that we are talking about a habit, we often add
expressions such as: always, often, usually, never, when I was a child, when I was younger,
etc.
Examples:
 I studied French when I was a child.
 He played the violin.
 He didn't play the piano.
 Did you play a musical instrument when you were a kid?
29
  She worked at the movie theater after school.
 They never went to school, they always skipped class.

PRESENT CONTINUES
USE 1 Now
Use the Present Continuous with Normal Verbs to express the idea that something is happening
now, at this very moment. It can also be used to show that something is not happening now.
Examples:
 You are learning English now.
 You are not swimming now.
 Are you sleeping?
 I am sitting.
 I am not standing.
 Is he sitting or standing?
 They are reading their books.
 They are not watching television.
 What are you doing?
 Why aren't you doing your homework?

USE 2 Longer Actions in Progress Now

In English, "now" can mean: this second, today, this month, this year, this century, and so on.
Sometimes, we use the Present Continuous to say that we are in the process of doing a longer
action which is in progress; however, we might not be doing it at this exact second.
Examples: (All of these sentences can be said while eating dinner in a restaurant.)
 I am studying to become a doctor.
 I am not studying to become a dentist.
 I am reading the book Tom Sawyer.
 I am not reading any books right now.
 Are you working on any special projects at work?
 Aren't you teaching at the university now?

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USE 3 Near Future
Sometimes, speakers use the Present Continuous to indicate that something will or will not
happen in the near future.
Examples:
 I am meeting some friends after work.
 I am not going to the party tonight.
 Is he visiting his parents next weekend?
 Isn't he coming with us tonight?


USE 4 Repetition and Irritation with "Always"

The Present Continuous with words such as "always" or "constantly" expresses the idea that
something irritating or shocking often happens. Notice that the meaning is like Simple Present,
but with negative emotion. Remember to put the words "always" or "constantly" between "be"
and "verb+ing."
Examples:
 She is always coming to class late.
 He is constantly talking. I wish he would shut up.
 I don't like them because they are always complaining.

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

The Present Perfect Tense is formed using the following structure:
Affirmative: Subject + Have / Has + Past Participle
Negative: Subject + Haven't / Hasn't + Past Participle
Question: Have / Has + Subject + Past Participle

ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY
We use some adverbs to describe how frequently we do an activity.
These are called adverbs of frequency and include:
Some people pronounce the 'T' in often but many others do not.

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The Position of the Adverb in a Sentence

An adverb of frequency goes before a main verb (except with To Be).

Subject + adverb + main verb
I always remember to do my homework.
He normally gets good marks in exams.

An adverb of frequency goes after the verb To Be.

Subject + to be + adverb
They are never pleased to see me.
She isn't usually bad tempered.

When we use an auxiliary verb (have, will, must, might, could, would, can, etc.), the adverb is
placed between the auxiliary and the main verb. This is also true for to be.
Subject + auxiliary + adverb + main verb
She can sometimes beat me in a race.
I would hardly ever be unkind to someone.
They might never see each other again.
They could occasionally be heard laughing.

We can also use the following adverbs at the start of a sentence:

Usually, normally, often, frequently, sometimes, occasionally
 Occasionally, I like to eat Thai food.
BUT we cannot use the following at the beginning of a sentence:
Always, seldom, rarely, hardly, ever, never.
We use hardly ever and never with positive, not negative verbs:
 She hardly ever comes to my parties.
 They never say 'thank you'.
We use ever in questions and negative statements:
 Have you ever been to New Zealand?
 I haven't ever been to Switzerland. (The same as 'I have never been Switzerland').
We can also use the following expressions when we want to be more specific about the
frequency:
- every day - once a month - twice a year - four times a day - every other week
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33
UNIT 1
Topic: Is your friend the “best friend in the world”? Tell us why.

Sofia is the best friend in the world because she is always there for me. Sofia is the person I
call when I have a problem, or if I need to borrow money. She has helped me through some
difficult times. We have known each other for nearly nine years, so we know everything there
is to know about each other. We argue sometimes but we have the same sense of humor, so our
arguments don’t last very long. I can talk to Sofia about anything and I know she will be a
friend forever.

UNIT 2
Topic: Would you like a job like this?

I’m a student. I study well and I do a lot of exercise. I spend about five hours a day studying.
In general. I take time off every the Saturday and Sunday. Once in a while I go out partying.
For me, a balanced lifestyle is really important. When I was boy I worried if I am playing with
my friends, but now I study a lot of.

UNIT 3
Topic: Invitations

A. Hi Byron- I’m going to be in Ambato next week. Sofia and I are meeting for a drink on
Tuesday evening at 6.30p.m. Would you like to come?
B. Great to hear from you. I’m sorry, but I’m busy. I’m doing an exercise class from 6p.m.
to 7.30p.m. What are you doing afterwards?
A. We’re going out for meal. Do you want to meet us for dinner? We’re having a pizza at
la Fontana at 8p.m.
B. I’d love to. Sounds great! See you there.

UNIT 4

Topic: What’s his problems?

Hi! I’m a engineer student. I have an exam in one week but I’m having problems studying for
it. I share a bedroom with my fifteen-year-old brother, who is very noisy. I’ve tried studying in
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the library (the hours aren’t very good – it closes at 7.00, in the park (too windy) and at
University (also noisy). I really want to do well in my exam but I just can’t find the right place
to study. Also, I have problems concentrating. I can read for an hour but after that I get bored
and I can’t concentrate. Any advice?

UNIT 5

Topic: Application Form

We would like to go to Quito to live with the local people for three months. Quito is one of the
best country Ecuador. It has many things very interesting.

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UNIT 1
TALLEST MAN FINDS LOVE
The world’s tallest man married a woman who is twenty-five years younger than he is and
much shorter. Bao Xishun, who is 2.36m tall, married Xia Shujian, 1.70m.
Bao, who comes from Inner Mongolia, became famous when he appeared in the Guinness Book
of Records as the world’s tallest man in 2006.
Before that Bao was very shy. He didn’t go out much and he didn’t have a girlfriend. He worked
in a restaurant, but he didn’t make much money.
But when he became famous Bao started to earn good money doing advertisements. He decided
to look for a wife. He advertised all over the world, but fell in love with a saleswoman from
his home town, Xia. After just one month Xia and Bao got married.

THIRD TIME LUCKY

Jean and Bert Jolley from Blackburn, UK, recently married for the third time. The couple first
married in 1972, ‘I liked her straight away’, said Bert. He asked her to marry him and she
accepted. But eight years later they started to have problems. They argued a lot, so they got
divorced for the second time. Then they got back together again but did they get married? No,
they didn’t. He asked me, nut I said no, explained Jean. When Bert fell ill, Jean changed her
mind. “That’s why we decided to marry again”. On Friday the couple married for the third and
final time. “I still don’t like wedding cake’, said Bert’, and I’ve tried a few!

UNIT 2

DANGER RATING 8/10

In Brazil, they are called motoboys and on average one of them dies in traffic every day.
Foreign correspondent Tom Gibb met the motoboys of Sao Paulo. He learnt that accidents are
not the only problem – there are also robberies. It happened twice to Luis Carlos de Gatto.”
The first time was terrible, a really bad memory. I lost everything. I had no insurance and the
company didn’t give me anything”. The motoboys usually earn just $300 a month. Gibb asks,
“Why do you drive so crazily when you know it’s dangerous?’ De Gatto says it’s because they
often work under time pressure. It’s dangerous, but what can we do?”. Gibb also spoke to some

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car drivers. One said, “The motorcycle couriers are crazy – they never respect the people
walking in the streets.’ Another said, “They drive so fast and many are too young to work in
this job.’ Once in a while, they try to change the traffic laws – they want the motoboys to drive
like everyone else. But the changes all failed, so the motoboys continue to risk their lives in
one of the most dangerous job in the world.

UNIT 3
CULTURE QUIZ
1 Which artist spent four years on his back painting the Sistine Chapel?
a) Salvador Dalí
b) Michelangelo
c) Leonardo da Vinci
2 Who became famous as a five-year-old singer in a band of five brothers and later married
Elvis Presley’s daughter?
a) Kanye West
b) Justin Timberlake
c) Michael Jackson
3 Who became famous for dropping and throwing paint to produce paintings?
a) Pablo Picasso
b) Edouard Manet
c) Jackson Pollock
4 Which song about Marilyn Monroe has sold over 35 million copies, and was played by Elton
John al Princess Diana’s funeral?
a) Candle in the Wind
b) Thriller
c) Your Song
5 Which painting was upside down for two months in New York’s Museum of Modern Art
before anyone noticed?
a) Water Lilies by Claude Monet
b) Sunset on Rouen by J W Turner
c) The Boat by Henri Matisse
6 Which concert in 2005 took place in ten cities at the same time (including Rome, Berlin,
Paris, London and Moscow) and had over 1000000 people in the audience?

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a) Band Aid
b) Live 8
c) Led Zeppelin
7 Which Beatles song title changed to become Yesterday?
a) Tomorrow
b) Heavenly
c) Scrambled Egg’s
8 Whose play, called Breath, lasts just thirty-five seconds and consists of no words?
a) George Bernard Shaw’s
b) William Shakespeare’s
c) Samuel Beckett’s

UNIT 4

ARE TRADITIONAL WAYS OF LEARNING THE BEST?

1. 24-HOUR TEACHING
One school in Hampshire, UK, offers 24-hour teaching. The children can decide when and if
they come to school. The school is open from 7a.m. to 10p.m., for 364 days a year and provides
online teaching through the night. The ideas is that pupils don’t have to come to school and
they can decide when they want to study. Cheryl heron, the head teacher, said “Some students
learn better at night. Some students learn better in the morning”. Cheryl believes that if children
are bored, they will not come to school. “Why must teach a child without him ever coming to
school”.
2. LEARN BY LISTENING
Steiner schools encourage creativity and free thinking, so children can study art, music and
gardening as well as science and history. They don’t have to learn to read and write at an early
age. At some Steiner schools the teachers can’t use textbooks. They talk to the children, who
learn by listening. Every morning the children have to go to special music and movement
classes called “eurhythmy”, which help them learn to concentrate. Very young children learn
foreign languages through music and song. Another difference from traditional schools is that
at Steiner school you don’t have to do any tests or exams
3. STARTING YOUNG

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A child learning music with the Suzuki method has to start as young possible. Even two-year-
old children can learn to play difficult pieces of classical music, often on the violin. They do
this by watching and listening. They learn by copying, just like they learn their mother tongue.
The child has to join in, but doesn’t have to get it right. “They soon learn that they mustn’t stop
every time they make a mistake. They just carry on’, said one Suzuki trainer. The children have
to practice for hours every day and they give performances once a week, so they learn quickly.
“The parents must be involved too’, said the trainer,” or it just doesn’t work”.

UNIT 5

THE MOTORCYCLE DIARIES

Before he became a famous revolutionary, Che Guevara was simply Ernesto Guevara de la
Serna from Argentina, a student looking for fun. He was studying medicine when he decided
to travel across Latin America by motorbike with his friend Alberto. They slept on floors, met
girls and drank beer. They walked through desert and up mountains and spent some time
working in a leper colony in Peru. Their only problems was with transport, once crashing a
motorbike into a cow! But it was an amazing journey. They travelled 5000 miles in four months.
While he was travelling, Ernesto met many poor people from Chile, Peru and Bolivia, and this
opened his eyes to the lives of poor people. At the end of the journey, he stopped studying to
be a doctor, and began his life’s work – fighting for the poor. Later, Guevara and his friend
Alberto wrote books about this journey, and in 2004 the story was made into a film, The
Motorcycle Diaries.

UNIT 6

LAUGH AND LIVE LONGER

Dr Ellsworth Wareham is a surgeon. He is a specialist in heart surgery and he has been a heart
surgeon for 37 years. Now, he is 94 years old and he still performs surgery 3 or 4 times a week.
But he doesn’t tell his patients how old he is. He thinks that working hard and being active help
you to live longer. So he also cuts the housework. He is a vegetarian, and has a large family.
He thinks that these thing help you to have “peace of mind”.

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Marge Jetton is 102 years old and lives in Loma Linda, California. She believes exercise and
keeping fit helps you live longer. She rides 6 miles on a bicycle before breakfast! “The whole
word should be exercising”, she says “The television is full of it, everything is full of it,
everything is full of why you should exercise”. But there is something else. She is religious.
Research shows that people who are religious may live longer, sometimes 5-10 years longer
than everyone else.
Scientists have studied the people of Okinawa, an island in Japan, since 1970. They are trying
to understand why Okinawans live longer than everybody else. It might be because of their diet.
Okinawans eat lots of fruits, vegetables and soya. Or maybe it’s because they eat 20% less food
than people in Western countries. They have a saying “hara hachibu” – it means “eat until you
are 80% full”. Scientists say that perhaps eating less gives you more energy and keeps you
healthier.
People say that laughing every day makes you live 7 years longer, because it reduces stress. Dr
Kataria, a doctor from Bombay, believes laughter is good for you. In 1997 he started Laughter
Yoga. Since then he has travelled around the world and established hundreds of laughter clubs.
In Bangalore more than 900 people attended a “laughter conference” where they laughed for 3
days. One thing is certain: even if laughing doesn’t make you live longer, it certainly makes
you feel better.

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UNIDAD 1
1. Do you believe in love at first sight?
No, I don’t because I don’t know that likes the other person and this is terrible.

2. Where are good places to meet new people?

The good places to meet new people are pubs, university and party’s.

3. What things can cause problems in a relationship?

Lack of trust because this cause argued and away from the other person.

UNIDAD 3
1. Do you prefer speaking on the phone or in person?
Yes, I do because I see the other person and I don’t spend money call this person.

2. Have you ever made a call or taken a message in English? What happened?
Yes, I have and I don’t understand that the other person said.

UNIDAD 4
1. What is the talent?
It is the ability to exercise some occupation or to perform an activity.

2. Have you ever done it in public?

I have drawn in school my brother and had many people.

3. Is there a special way to do it?

No, there is not because It´s very easy.

4. Do you practice?
Yes, I draw every day.

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UNIDAD 5
1. How many types of transport can you think of? Make a list.
- Aeroplane
- Coach
- Ferry
- Helicopter
- Lorry
- Minibus
- Taxi
- Tram
- Underground
- Ship

2. What do you think is the best away to travel? Why?

The best way to travel is by plane because it is faster and comfortable.

3. Where and when did you go?

I went to Paris, I went the last weekend.

4. Who were you with?

I went with my family, they are very important for me.

5. What was the form of transport?

We traveled by plane, because it is faster and comfortable.

6. How long did the trip take?

hard trip five hours, this was a long time.

7. What places did you see during the journey?

I saw the Eiffel tower and it was beautiful.

8. Did anything go wrong during the journey?

No, it´s not, the journey was quiet.

9. How did you feel?

The journey was boring because the long hard journey, and I don´t like expect.

10. Do you travel light?

Yes, I do. I went with a backpack.

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UNIDAD 6
1. What do you do to keep fit and healthy?
I get lots of sleep. Because sleep is good.

2. Do you do anything which is not healthy?

Well, I probably eat too much fatty foods.

3. What is your favourite food?

My favourite food is the pizza because it´s very delicious and cheap.

4. Do you ever eat food from other countries/ cultures? If so, what?
No, I don´t because the Ecuador´s food is very delicious and I do not want to eat
anything else.

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