Sensores remotos y foto-

interpretación

Geosistemas ID 026671
Juan C. Benavides
mapteach.org/download/curriculum.../powerpoints/RSG1_Air_Photo_PowerPoint.ppt
http://eijournal.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/ldcm_figure01.jpg is.unbc.ca/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/nrem100.ppt
 Sensores remotos
• Información acerca de un
objeto obtenida mediante
un registro remoto que no
se encuentra en contacto
• El termino no existía hasta
el desarrollo de satélites
en los 70’s

Puerto de Boston, 1860

Fotografias aereas
 Fotografias aereas

“San Francisco in Ruins,” por George Lawrence, Tomada

con una cometa 6 semanas luego del terrmoto de 1906
 Tipos de fotografias aereas

• Vertical
• Stereo/3D

Color infrared (CIR) stereopair of

the Galbraith Lake, Alaska area.
 Tipos de fotografias aereas

• Vertical
• Stereo/3D

Color infrared (CIR) stereopair of

the Galbraith Lake, Alaska area.
 Tipos de fotografias aereas
 Usode un
estereoscopio para
observer las imagenes
en 3D
 Tipos de fotografias aereas
A lo largo del borde se tiene:
– Fecha del vuelo
– Hora - (opcional – inicio/final del vuelo)
– Distancia focal de la lente en mm
– Escala nominal (RF)
– Rollo #, Linea de vuelo & exposición #
 Tipos de fotografias aereas
 En ocasiones la escala de la fotografia viene
impresa
 RF-Nominal Scale
 Fotointerpretación: Reconocimiento de
Elementos
Shape Pattern
Size Site
Color/Tone Association
Texture Shadow
Fotointerpretación: Reconocimiento de Elementos
• Forma
– cultural features - geometric, distinct boundaries
– natural features - irregular shapes and boundaries
– Shape helps us distinguish old vs. new subdivisions, some
tree species, athletic fields, etc.

The pentagon Meandering river Interior Alaskan

in Alaska village (note airstrip
near top of image)
 Fotointerpretación: Reconocimiento de
Elementos

• Tamaño
– relative size is an
important clue
– big, wide river vs.
smaller river or slough
– apartments vs. houses
– single lane road vs.
multilane
 Fotointerpretación: Reconocimiento de
Elementos
• Color/Tono
– Bosques naturales vs cultivos

CIR - Spruce forest (black) CIR – Deciduous CIR- Mixed spruce

with some deciduous (leafy) vegetation And deciduous forest
(red) trees. (red). on hillside with tundra
in valley bottom.
 Fotointerpretación: Reconocimiento de
Elementos
• Color/Tono
– Turbidity - relative amounts of sediment in water
– Vegetation presence or absence
CIR – The big, light blue river in the lower Relatively clear Chena
River water

part of the image is the Tanana River. It

carries fine particles eroded by glaciers in
the Alaska Range.
Turbid Tanana River water

Photo by Maria Sotelo

The smaller dark blue river flows south from
top of the image to the Tanana River. It is
fed by surface runoff and groundwater
sources and does not carry much sediment.

Unvegetated gravel bars look bright bluish

white.
 Fotointerpretación: Reconocimiento de
Elementos
• Textura
– coarseness/smoothness caused by variability or
uniformity of image tone or color
– smoothness – tundra, swamps, fields, water, etc.
– coarseness - forest, lava flows, mountains etc.

CIR- Marshy CIR - Bare rounded CIR - Tundra showing

tundra with Mountains (blue) drainage pattern
many surrounded by tundra
small ponds. and lakes.
 Fotointerpretación: Reconocimiento de
Elementos
• Patrones
– overall spatial form of
related features
– repeating patterns tend
to indicate cultural
features - random =
natural
– drainage patterns can
help geologists
determine bedrock A dendritic pattern is characteristic
of flat-lying sedimentary bedrock
type
 Fotointerpretación: Reconocimiento de
Elementos
• Sitio
– site - relationship of a
feature to its environment
– differences in vegetation
based on location: Meandering Alaskan
river
• In interior Alaska, black
spruce dominant on the
north side of hills and
deciduous trees on the
south side.
• Vegetation is often has N
different characteristics by
rivers than away from them Interior Alaskan hillside
 Fotointerpretación: Reconocimiento de
Elementos
• Associación
– identifying one feature can help identify another -
correlation

The white cloud and black The long straight airstrip near the top of
shadow have the same the image indicates that there might be a
shape, they are related village or settlement nearby
 Fotointerpretación: Reconocimiento de
Elementos
• Sombras
– shadows cast by some
features can aid in
their identification
– some tree types,
storage tanks, bridges
can be identified in The mountain ridge on
the right side of this image
this way is accentuated by shadow
– shadows can
accentuate terrain
Google earth