Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
SUBMITTED BY:
CALANGI, VERONA G.
ORLINA, AVEGAIL V.
SANDOVAL, MARLON L.
SUBMITTED TO:
ENGR. JAKE MARAMOT
Title Page
Table of Contents
Perspective
Tank Elevation
Column - Intermediate – Gusset Plate Connection
Strut – Gusset Plate Connection
Base Plate and Anchor Bolt Detail
Properties of Structural Members
Water Tank Dimensions
Computation of Volume
Design Loadings
Load Analysis
Wind Load
Seismic Load
Portal Analysis
Design Analysis
Load Combinations
Column
Gusset – Plate
Strut
Base Plates
Anchor Bolts
Web Connection between Column and Gusset Plate
Web Connection between Gusset Plate and Strut
wTank= ɣsvs
VT= ATt
VT=152.493(0.005) πd2
VT= 0.7625
wTank= ɣsvs
wTank =7780(9.81)(0.7625)
wTank = 58.192 kN
A36: t=12mm
d= 12mm
πd2 π(0.012)^2
AS= = =1.131x10-4m2 3m
3m
4 4
w=1.131x10-4(7780)(9.81)
w=0.008632 kN/m
P= 2πr
P= 2π(2.3)
P= 14.4513 m
4m
P= 2πr
P= 17.5929 m
x
tan 30o=0.9m
x= 0.520m
h2=0.92+ 0.5202
h= 1.039m
wRailings= 0.008632(1.039+0.520)(25.133/0.520)
wRailings= 0.650 kN
WEIGHT OF COLUMN
Assume W 6 x 20
w= 235(9.81)
w= 2.305 kN/m
2.6
wColumn= 4(13.061)(2.305)
wColumn= 120.424 kN
6m
5 9.6 6+9.84
9.6 = LAve= 2
1 𝑥
x= 1.92 LAve= 7.92
X
2.6 6 2.6
Assume L 76 x 76 x 6
w= 2(15.93)(9.81)
w= 0.31255 kN/m
wStrut= 4(7.92)(0.31255)(4)
wStrut= 39.606 kN
P1 𝑊𝑡
= 4(5)
√28
587.814(√28)
P1= 20
P1= 155.521 kN DLColumn
∑ Fv= 0
Ps= sin45(30.500)
Ps= 21.567 kN
F=qzGCfAf
Where:
qz= Velocity pressure
qz= 47.3x10-6KzKztKdV2Iw (207-15)
Kz= Velocity Pressure Coefficients (Table 207-4)
Kzt= (1+K1K2K3)2 (207-3)
NOTE:
When site conditions and locations of structures do not meet all the conditions specified
in Section 207.5.7.1, Kzt= 1.0. Under Sec. 207.5.7.1 condition 5: H is greater than or equal to
4.5m for exposures C and D and 18m for exposure B.
Since
H=18m > 18m (Exposure B), use Kzt= 1.0
Kd= wind directionality factor
= 0.95 (for round, Table 207-2. Wind directionality factor)
V= 200 Kph (zone 2) (Table 207-1. Wind zone for the different provinces of the
Philippines.)
Iw= Importance factor
= 1.15 (for essential facilities, Table 207-3. Importance factor)
NOTE:
The structure is considered an essential facility (I) based from Table 103-1. Occupancy
category
Af1 1.6
Af2
3.2
Af3
3.2
Af4
3.2
11.2
Af1: b1 = 6 m
b2 = 6.12(0.32) = 6.64 m
1 1
5 1.6 Af1 = 2(b1+b2)h = 2(6 + 6.64)(1.6)
1 Af1 = 10.112 m2
X
1.6 5
=
𝑥 1
x = 0.32 m
Af2: b1 = 6.64 m
b2 = 6.64 + 2(0.64) = 7.92 m
5 3.2
1
1
X Af2 = 2(6.64 + 7.92)(3.2) = 23.296 m2
3.2 5
=
𝑥 1
x = 0.64 m
1
Af3: Af3 = 2(7.92 + 9.2)(3.2)
b1 = 7.92 m Af3 = 27.392 m2
b2 = 7.92 + 2(0.64) = 9.2 m
GROSS AREA
Ag= Af1+ Af2+ Af3+ Af4
Ag= 10.112+ 23.296+ 27.392+ 31.488
Ag= 114.488 m2
At H= 14.95 m
By Interpolation:
Z Kz
12 0.76
14.95 x
15 0.81
12−14.95 0.76−x
= 0.76−0.81
12−15
X= 0.809
qz= 47.3x10-6KzKztKdV2Iw
qz= 47.3x10-6(0.809)(1)(0.95)(2002)(1.15)
qz=1.673 kPa
Af= 6(3.7)=22.2m2
Cf= H/D= 14.95/6= 2.492
By interpolation:
H/D Cf
1 1.3
2.492 x
7 1.4
1−2.492 1.3−x
= 1.3−1.4
1−7
x= 1.325
F= 1.673(0.85)(1.325)(22.2)
F= 41.814 kN
12−13.1 0.76−x
= 0.76−0.81
12−15
X= 0.778
qz= 47.3x10-6KzKztKdV2Iw
qz= 47.3x10-6(0.778)(1)(0.95)(2002)(1.15)
qz=1.609
Af= 10.112m2
Ag= 114.488 m2
𝐴𝑓 10.112
= = 0.088
𝐴𝑔 114.488
F= 1.609(0.85)(3.510)(10.112)
F= 48.538 kN
At H=9.9 m
By Interpolation:
Z Kz
9 0.7
9.9 x
12 0.76
9−9.9 0.7−x
= 0.7−0.76
9−12
X= 0.718
qz= 47.3x10-6KzKztKdV2Iw
qz= 47.3x10-6(0.718)(1)(0.95)(2002)(1.15)
qz=1.484 kPa
Af= 23.296m2
Ag= 114.488 m2
𝐴𝑓 23.296
= = 0.203
𝐴𝑔 114.488
F= 1.484(0.85)(2.965)(23.296)
F= 87.137 kN
6−6.7 0.62−x
= 0.62−0.66
6−7.5
X= 0.639
qz= 47.3x10-6KzKztKdV2Iw
qz= 47.3x10-6(0.639)(1)(0.95)(2002)(1.15)
qz=1.320 kPa
Af= 27.392m2
Ag= 114.488 m2
𝐴𝑓 27.392
= = 0.239
𝐴𝑔 114.488
F= 1.320(0.85)(2.817)(27.392)
F= 86.577 kN
At H= 3.5m
By Interpolation:
Kz= 0.57
qz= 47.3x10-6KzKztKdV2Iw
qz= 47.3x10-6(0.57)(1)(0.95)(2002)(1.15)
qz=1.178 kPa
Af= 10.112m2
Ag= 31.488 m2
𝐴𝑓 31.488
= = 0.275
𝐴𝑔 114.488
F= 1.178(0.85)(2.7)(31.488)
F= 85.128 kN
3.2
87.137kN
3.2
86.577kN
3.2
85.128kN
3.2
Assume:
Soil profile type (very dense soil and soft rock), Sc; zone 4(208-1)
Ca= 0.40Na; Na= 1
Ca=0.40
Rp= 3.0 (208-12)
Ap= 1.0 (208-12)
Ip= 1.50 (208-1)
ApCaIp 3hx
Fp= (1+ )Wp
Rp hr
1.0(0.4)(1.50) 3(1.31)
= (1+ )(1252.045)
3.0 18.3
Fp= 788.173 kN
Fp= 4CaIpWp
=4(0.4)(1.5)(1252.045)
Fp=3004.908 kN
Fp= 0.7CaIpWp
= 0.7(0.4)(1.5)(1252.045)
Fp=525.859 kN
179.943kN 179.943kN
373.3815kN 373.3815kN
179.943kN 179.943kN
373.3815kN 373.3815kN
19.844kN
C D
9.922kN
276.650kN 276.650kN
303.3035kN
383.3035kN
456.593kN 456.593kN
303.3035kN 383.3035kN
13.978kN E F
6.989kN
205.551kN 205.551kN
390.2925kN
390.2925kN
662.144kN 662.144kN
390.2925kN 390.29125kN
7.588kN G
3.794kN H
158.632kN 158.632kN
394.0865kN 394.0865kN
820.776kN
820.776kN
394.0865kN 394.0865kN
I J
For Column:
COLUMN LOAD COMBINATION
DL WL EL DL+WL D+E/1.4
Pa (kN) 319.210 155.441 881.363 474.651 948.755
Py (kN) 0 102.505 225.619 102.505 161.156
Mx (kN.m) 0 167.256 368.139 167.256 262.956
For Strut:
STRUT LOAD COMBINATION
DL WL EL DL+WL D+E/1.4
Pa (kN) 44.266 43.676 373.382 87.942 310.377
Py (kN) 0 21.049 179.143 21.049 127.959
Mx (kN.m) 0 63.147 537.429 63.147 383.878
262.956 kN.m
for pin connected and fix – ended, use theoretical Value : k = 0.7
Check:
kl 0.7(3263) kl 0.7(3263)
= 206.49 = 11.062 = 64.54 = 32.846
rx ry
Use kl/r = 32.846
2𝜋 2 E 2𝜋 2 (200,000)
Cc = √ =√ = 126.169
Fy 248
kl
< Cc Intermediate column
rx
kl kl
1r 2 Fy 5 3 1 kl/r 3
Fa = [1 − 2 ( Cc ) ] ; Fs = 8 + ( r )− ( )
Fs 8 Cc 8 Cc
5 3 32.846 1 32.846
=8+ ( )− ( )3
8 126.169 8 126.169
Fs = 1.762
1 32.846 248
Fa = [1 − 2 (126.169)2 ] 1.762
Fa = 135.980 Mpa
For Fbx:
Lb= 3263 mm
200 𝑏𝑓 200 (287)
𝐿1 = = = 3644.9044 mm = Lc
√𝐹𝑦 √248
Lb < Lc
<𝐿𝑢 ∴ Use Fb = 0.66 Fy
Fbx = 0.66 (248) = 163.68 Mpa
𝑀 262.965 (1000)2
fbx = 𝑆 =
𝑥 5086 ×103
fbx = 51.702 Mpa
𝑃 948.755 (1000)
fa = 𝐴 = 29871
fa = 31.762 MPa
𝑓𝑎 31.762
= 135.980 = 0.234 > 0.15
𝐹𝑎
𝑓𝑎 𝐶𝑚𝑥 𝑓𝑏𝑥 𝐶𝑚𝑦 𝑓𝑏𝑦
= 𝑓𝑎 (𝐹𝑏𝑥) + 𝑓𝑎 (𝐹𝑏𝑦) ≤ 1.0
𝐹𝑎 1−𝐹𝑒𝑥 1−
𝐹𝑒𝑦
𝑀 −262.956
Use: Cm = 0.6 – 0.4 (𝑀1 )= 0.6 – 0.4 ( 262.956 ) = 1.0
2
12𝜋 2 (200 000)
𝐹𝑒𝑥 = = 8416.196 MPa
23 (11.062)2
Magnification Factor:
𝐶𝑚𝑥 1
𝑓𝑎 = 31.762 = 1.0038
1− 1−
𝐹𝑒𝑥 8416.196
31.762 51.702
+ 1.0038 (163.68) ≤ 1.0
135.980
0.551 < 1.0 ∴ the section is adequate
𝑓𝑎 𝐶𝑚𝑥 𝑓𝑏
+ 𝑓𝑎 (𝐹𝑏𝑥 ) ≤ 1.0
𝑃𝑎 1− 𝑥
𝐹𝑎
31.762 𝑥 𝑓𝑏
+ 1.0038 (163.68) = 1.0
135.980
𝑓𝑏𝑥 = 124.974 MPa
𝑀 𝑀
𝑓𝑏𝑥 = 𝑆𝑥 ; 𝑆𝑥 = 𝑓𝑏
𝑥
262.956 (10002 )
𝑆𝑥 = 124.974
𝑆𝑥 = 2104085.65 𝑚𝑚3
𝑆𝑥 min = 2104 × 103 𝑚𝑚3
t -P/A Mc/I
Fb for Plate
Fb= 0.6Fy
= 0.6 (345)
Fb=207 MPa
@ Member GH
𝑃 𝑀𝑐
Fb= - 𝐴 + 𝐼
ℎ
−2.71(1000) 557.479 ( )10002
2
207= - + 12(ℎ)3
12ℎ
12
h = 1159.872 mm
∴ Use t = 30 mm
h = 734 mm
90mm
x̅
𝑦̅ = yL = 26.59 mm
𝑡𝐺𝑃 30
𝑥̅ = xL + 2 = 26.59 + 2
𝑥̅ = 41.59 mm
Strut: 2L 90× 90 × 12
I𝑥̅ = 2 I𝑥̅ I𝑦̅ = 2 (𝐼𝑦 + 𝐴𝑑 2 )
= 2(1480 × 103 𝑚𝑚4 ) = 2 ( 1480.28× 103 + 2029 (41.592 )
I𝑥̅ = 2960560 𝑚𝑚4 = 9979796.63 𝑚𝑚4
A’= A
= 2(2029) 𝑚𝑚2
A’=4058 𝑚𝑚2
𝐼𝑥 2960560 𝐼𝑦 9979796.63
r𝑥̅ =√ =√ r𝑦̅=√ =√
𝐴′ 4058 𝐴′ 4058
r𝑥̅ =27.010 mm
r𝑦̅ = 49.591 mm
rmin= r𝑥̅ = 27.01𝑚𝑚
K=0.5
𝐾𝐿 0.5(6000)
= =111.07
𝑟 27.01
2𝜋 2 𝐸 2𝜋 2 (200000)
Cc =√ =√ = 126.169
𝐹𝑦 248
𝐾𝐿
< Cc ∴ intermediate beam
𝑟
𝐾𝐿 2 𝐾𝐿 𝐾𝐿 3
1 𝑟 𝐹𝑦 5 3 𝑟 1 𝑟
Fa=[1 − 2 ( 𝐶𝑐 ) ] 𝐹𝑠 ; Fs=3 + 8 ( 𝐶𝑐 ) − 8 ( 𝐶𝑐 )
5 3 111.070 1 111.070 3
Fs= 3 + 8 (126.169) − 8 (126.169)
Fs= 1.192
1 111.070 2 248
Fa=[1 − 2 (126.169) ] 1.912
𝑃(𝐴𝐿𝐿𝑂𝑊𝐴𝐵𝐿𝐸) =A𝐹𝑎
= (4058)(79.447)
=322395.926 N
𝑃𝐴𝐶𝑇𝑈𝐴𝐿
𝑓𝑎 = 𝐴 ; 𝑃𝐴𝐶𝑇𝑈𝐴𝐿=310.377 𝑘𝑁
310.377 𝑘𝑁
= 40.58 𝑚𝑚2
𝑓𝑎 = 76.485 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑓𝑎 < 𝐹𝑎
262.956 kN.m
948.775 kN W18x76
5
1
W18x76
Properties
A = 14387 mm2
M d = 462.5 mm
bf = 280.30mm
Ix = 553588x106 mm4
c Iy = 62267x106 mm4
tw = 10.80 mm
0.95d tf = 17.30 mm
rx = 196.16 mm
ry = 66.31 mm
m
n 0.8bf n
B
Assumed: C = 810 mm
0.95d + 2m = C
Using A36 Steel: Fy = 248 Mpa 0.95(462.50) + 2m = 810mm
5
PAY = 948.755( ) m = 185.313 mm
√26
PAY = 930.330 kN
M = PAY.e
262.956(1000) = 930.330e
e = 282.648 mm
P fp
405mm 405mm
x
e+ = 405
3
x
282.648 + 3 = 405
x = 367.056 mm
xB 367.056B
P = 2 (fp) = 930.330 = (7.245)
2
B = 699.675 mm Use : 700 mm
Thickness of Plate
367.056 mm
185.33mm
h = 7.245
xhB y 7.242
P= = 930.330 = 367.056(h)(700) = 367.056 ; y = 3.656 mm
2 185.313
3.586
7.242
3.656
6M
Fb = ; Fb = 0.75Fy ; Fy = 248 Mpa ; Fb = 0.75(248) = 186 Mpa
bt2
6(42182.386)
186 = 1t2
t = 36.888 mm
∴ Use t = 40 mm
185.313 mm
t
b = 1 mm
185.313
3.586 7.242
367.056
Fb = 0.75Fy ; Fy = 248
= 0.75(248)
Fb = 186 Mpa
6M
Fb = bt2
6(101460.302)
186 = (1)t2
t = 57.209 mm t
b=1mm 3.586
DIAMETER OF ANCHOR BOLTS
Using A36 steel; Fy = 248Mpa
Assume the anchor bolts will carry the full moment
P = 930.330N
590
110 T1 T2 110
810 mm
M = T(590mm)
262.956(1000) = (T1 ) (590)
T1 = 445688.136 N = T2
Using 32 mm bolts
πd2 π(32)2
A32 = = = 804.248 mm2
4 4
At = A32 (n)
5990.432 = 804.248(n)
n = 7.449 ∴ Use 8 bolts
Use 4 bolts on each side with a diameter of 32 mm
Spacing of the bolts
700−2(110)−2(16)−4(32)
S= 4−1
S = 106.667 mm ; S = 107 mm
134.75mm
fy
P/l C fx P/l B fx
y̅ x̅ fy
fx P/l A P
280.30mm
fy fy
134.75mm
D 190.565mm
P/l fx
30mm
Column : W18x76
bf−tf 280.0−10.80
x= 2 = 2
x = y = 134.75 mm
Computation for Center of Gravity z = √x 2 + y 2 = √134.752 + 134.752
Lx̅ = ∑ Lx
(734+367)(x̅) = 734(0)+367(190.565) z = 190.565 mm
x̅ = 63.522 mm
Ly̅ = ∑ Ly
(734+367)( y̅) = 734(367)+367(183.5)
y̅ = 305.833 mm
Total force on D:
𝑃′ 2
T = √(𝑓𝑥 + ) + 𝑓𝑦 2 = √(149.985 + 281.905)2 + 22.2512
𝐿
T = 432.463 N/mm
P/L B fx P/L A fx
90mm x̅ fy y = 26.59mm
fy P=
310.377kN
P/L fx
C
P 310.377
P’ = 2 = = 155.189 kN
2
M = P’(y-y̅)
= 155.189(26.59-13.966)
M = 1959.106 kN.mm
𝐿2
J=∑ 𝐿 [12 + 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 ]
902 2002
= 90 [ 12 + 62.0692 + (45 − 13.966)2 ] + 200 [ + (90 − 62.069)2 + (13.966)2 ]
12
J= 1355864.943 𝑚𝑚3
𝑀𝑦 1959.106(1000)(76.034)
fx= 𝐽 = = 109.862 N/mm
13355864.943
𝑀𝑥 1959.106(1000)(69.069)
fy= = = 89.864 N/mm
𝐽 13355864.93
𝑃 155.189(1000)
= = 535.134 N/mm
𝐿 290
Total force on C:
𝑃′ 2
T = √(𝑓𝑥 + ) + 𝑓𝑦 2 = √(109.862 + 535.134)4 + 89.6842
𝐿
T = 651.201 N/mm
bf
tf
d tw
Properties of W 18x76
W = 113.17 kg/m Axis – x Axis - y
A = 14387 mm2 Ix = 553,588 x 106 mm4 Ix = 63.267 x 106 mm4
d = 462.50 mm Sx = 2,394 x 103 mm4 Sy = 451 x 103 mm4
tw = 10.80 mm rx = 196.16 mm ry = 66.31 mm
bf = 280.30 mm
tf = 17.30 mm
B
810
700 mm
810 mm
1.5 m
3.7 m
1.5 m
5.2 2.8
0.9
1.5
3.2
W18X76 WIDE
FLANGE
0.75
0.75
3.2
0.3
CROSS
BRACING
2pcs. 90x90x12
ANGLE BAR
Structures of the modern world cannot be enclosed on a specific designs and materials to
be used. Today, engineers develop new methods and techniques in designing structures from
complex bridges and roadways to the simplest structure like a chair. The analysis and design is in
need to understand more the behavior of the materials used and the structure as a whole.
In this structural analysis and design of a proposed multi-purpose function hall, the
designers used steel for trusses. The computations of the loads due to wind, live loads and due to
dead loads have been recorded to get its maximum loads that had been used in its ultimate strength.