Vapor Power Cycles: Rankine cycle, Comparison of Rankine and Carnot vapor cycles,

Regenerative cycles, Ideal working fluid for vapor power cycles, Binary vapor cycle,
Thermodynamics of couples cycles, Process heat and by-product power.

Steam Generators: Classification of boilers, Description of Cochran, Lanchashire and Babcock-

Wilcox boilers, Boiler mounting and accessories, High pressure boilers, Lamont, Benson and
Velox boilers.

Nozzle: Introduction, Types of nozzles, Flow of steam through nozzles, Momentum equation,
Entropy change with friction, Effect of friction, Calculation of nozzle area, Mass flow, Critical
pressure, Stagnation enthalpy and pressure, Effect of friction on critical pressure ratio, Super-
saturated flow in nozzles, Effect of variation of back pressure.

Steam Turbines:
(a) Principles of operation of steam turbine, Types of steam turbine, Compounding of steam
turbine.
(b) Impulse Turbine: Velocity diagram, Effect of blade friction, Forces on Blades, Work done,
Diagram efficiency, Stage efficiency, Gross stage efficiency, Choice of blade angles, Blade
heights etc.
(c) Impulse Reaction Turbine: Velocity diagram, Degree of reaction, Parson's turbine, Blade
sections, Internal losses in steam turbine, State point locus and reheat factor.

Condensers: Jet and surface type - Dalton's law of partial pressure and its application to
condenser, Air leakage, Extraction pump and air-pump, Cooling water requirement, Vacuum
efficiency.

Nuclear Power Plants: Release of nuclear energy, Criticality of reactors, Thermal reactors,
nuclear fuels, Moderator, Reflector, Coolant and control of reactors, BWR, PWR and gas cooled
reactors.

Essential Reading:
1. P.K.Nag, Power Plant Engineering, TMH Publication
2. M.M. El-Wakil, Power Plant Technology, Mc Graw Hill Publication

Further reading:
- T Roy Choudhury, Basic Engineering Thermodynamics, TMH Publication
- Sonntag, Borgnakke, Van Wylen : Fundamentals of Thermodynamics
- Moran, Shapiro, Fundamentals of Engineering Thermodynamics
- Yunus A. Çengel, Michael A. Boles, Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach
- Yahya SM, Turbines Compressors and Fans, TMH Publication
- A. Kumar, G. N. Sah, Thermal Engineering, Narosa Publications
- R. Yadav, Steam and Gas Turbines and Power Plant Engineering, Central Publishing House.
- Black and Veatch, Power Plant Engineering, Kluwer Academic Publishers