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2 g of NaCl in 800 ml of
water. Identify the values provided to you in the problem: mass in grams and volume in
milliliters.
Mass = 5.2 g NaCl
Volume = 800 ml water
2 Find the molar mass of NaCl. Do this by adding together the molar mass of
sodium, Na, and the molar mass of chlorine, Cl.
The molar mass of Na = 22.99 g
The molar mass of Cl = 35.45 g
The molar mass of NaCl = 22.99 + 35.45 = 58.44 g
3 Multiply the mass of the solute by its molar mass conversion factor. In this
instance, the molar mass of NaCl is 58.44 g, so the conversion factor is 1 mol / 58.44 g.
Moles NaCl = 5.2 g NaCl * (1 mol / 58.44 g) = 0.08898 mol = 0.09 mol
4 Divide 800 ml of water by 1000. Since there are 1000 milliliters per liter, you will
need to divide the number of milliliters in this problem by 1000 in order to find the
number of liters.
You could also look at it as multiplying 800 ml by a conversion factor of 1 L / 1000 ml.
To hasten the process, you could simply move the decimal point three places to the left
instead of multiplying or dividing anything.
Volume = 800 ml * (1 L / 1000 ml) = 800 ml / 1000 ml = 0.8 L
5 Divide the number of moles of solute by the number of liters of solution. In
order to find the molarity, you need to divide 0.09 mol, the number of moles of the solute
NaCl, by 0.8 L, the volume of the solution in liters.
molarity = moles of solute / liters of solution = 0.09 mol / 0.8 L = 0.1125 mol/L
6 Tidy up your answer. Round your answer off to two or three decimal places and
abbreviate molarity with “M.”
Answer: 0.11 M NaCl
1. Calculating Molarity with Moles and Volume
1 Know the basic formula for calculating molarity. Molarity is equal to the number
of moles of a solute divided by the volume of the solution in liters.[1] As such, it is written
as: molarity = moles of solute / liters of solution
Example problem: What is the molarity of a solution containing 0.75 mol NaCl in 4.2
liters?
2 Examine the problem. Finding molarity demands that you have the number of
moles and the number of liters. If the problem provides each of these figures, no
preliminary calculations are needed.
Example problem:
Moles = 0.75 mol NaCl
Volume = 4.2 L
3 Divide the number of moles by the number of liters. The resulting quotient will
give you the number of moles per liter of solution, otherwise known as molarity.
Example problem: molarity = moles of solute / liters of solution = 0.75 mol / 4.2 L =
0.17857142
4 Write your answer. Round off the number of digits after the decimal point to two or
three, depending on your instructor's preference. When you write out the answer,
abbreviate "molarity" with "M" and state the chemical abbreviation of the solute involved.
Example problem: 0.179 M NaCl