Beruflich Dokumente
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OVERVIEW OF DISEASE
gums, inside of the lips, or on the tongue. There are two main forms of stomatitis: herpes
stomatitis and aphthous stomatitis. Both forms usually occur more often in children and
teens.
six months and 5 years. It’s an infection of the Herpes Simplex 1 (HSV 1) virus, the
same virus that causes cold sores on the outside of the lips in adults. It is related to HSV
2, the virus that causes genital herpes, but it is not the same virus.
Aphthous stomatitis is also called canker sores. They are one or a cluster of small pits or
ulcers in the cheeks, gums, the inside of the lips, or on the tongue. This is also much more
common in young people, most often between 10 and 19 years old. (Krucik, 2013)
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STOMATITIS
CAUSES
dry tissues from breathing through the mouth due to clogged nasal passages
nuts
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STOMATITIS
HIV/AIDS
certain medications
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STOMATITIS
CLINICAL MANIFESTATION
Allergic
Thrush
White, raised, milk curd patches; bleeding; dryness of the mouth; diminished
Gingivitis
Herpetic
It is usually indicated by multiple blisters that occur in the gums, palate, cheeks,
A fever is a major marker of the HSV1 infection, which can get as high as 104
degrees Fahrenheit. The fever occurs a few days before the blisters appear. When
the blisters pop, ulcers can form in their place. Secondary infections of these
ulcers can occur. The entire infection lasts between 7-10 days.
Canker sores
Small, yellowish, hardened, painful sores with red, raised margins that often
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STOMATITIS
Necrotizing
and inability to eat; fetid breath; bleeding gums; difficulty talking and
from necrosis may create craters and other altered tissue topography.
Diagnostic Tests
Laboratory tests
Biopsy
Patients with acute stomatitis and no symptoms, signs, or risk factors for systemic illness
probably require no testing. If stomatitis is recurrent, viral and bacterial cultures, CBC,
serum iron, ferritin, vitamin B 12 , folate, zinc, and endomysial antibody are done. Biopsy
at the periphery of normal and abnormal tissue can be done for persistent lesions that do
Systematically eliminating foods from the diet can be useful, as can changing brands of
subsequent education.
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STOMATITIS
membranes.
Assess status of oral mucosa; include tongue, lips, mucous membranes, gums,
Use a moist, padded tongue blade to gently pull back the cheeks and
tongue.
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STOMATITIS
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
The pathophysiology depends on the cause, but it involves a process that creates tissue
inflammation in the oral mucosa or gums. These inflammatory changes lead to redness,
MEDICAL MANAGEMENT
Diagnostic Tests
Laboratory tests
Biopsy
Patients with acute stomatitis and no symptoms, signs, or risk factors for systemic illness
probably require no testing. If stomatitis is recurrent, viral and bacterial cultures, CBC,
serum iron, ferritin, vitamin B 12 , folate, zinc, and endomysial antibody are done. Biopsy
at the periphery of normal and abnormal tissue can be done for persistent lesions that do
Systematically eliminating foods from the diet can be useful, as can changing brands of
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STOMATITIS
lining.
1. Dyclone 1%
proportions.
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STOMATITIS
Zilactin or Zilactin-B
Has benzocaine for pain and is painted on lesion and allowed to dry to
is swabbed onto the inflamed areas and, after 15 to 20 minutes, rinsed with
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STOMATITIS
NURSING DIAGNOSIS
acidic foods, drugs, noxious agents, alcohol); mechanical (e.g., ill-fitting dentures,
mouth for more than 24 hours, ineffective oral hygiene, mouth breathing,
NURSING MANAGEMENT
Implement meticulous mouth care regimen after each meal and every 4
To prevent buildup of oral plaque and bacteria. Patients with oral catheters and
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STOMATITIS
Encourage peach, pear, or apricot nectars and fruit drinks instead of citrus juices
Remove and brush dentures thoroughly during and after meals and as needed.
food.
As these may dry oral mucous membranes, increasing risk for disruption of
mucous membrane.
should be mixed immediately before use and held in mouth for 1 to 1.5
Salt (.5 tsp), baking soda (1 tsp), and water (100 ml).
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STOMATITIS
Avoid extremely hot or cold foods. Avoid acidic or highly spiced foods.
Rubbing and irritation from ill-fitting dentures promotes disruption of the oral
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