Final exam is here! Don’t force yourself to answer them on your own po!

If you need help, I can guide

you through the solution over the phone! 

1. Warm-up muna.

d2 x dx
2
+ 2 − 8x = 2t; x(0) = 3, x ′ (0) = 1
dt dt

2. Hint: Find a way to express cos2 t in such a way that there will be no exponent.

d2 x
+ 4x = 3 cos2 t ; x(0) = 1, x ′ (0) = 2
dt 2

3. Hint: Let the missing boundary condition/s be equal to a constant A, B, C, etc first.

d2 x dx
2
− 2 = et (t − 3); x(0) = 2, x(3) = −1
dt dt

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(Final Laplace notes po! Patapos na po ‘to, tiwalaaaaa!)

The second shifting theorem is as follows:

L{u(t − t o )𝒇(𝐭 − 𝐭 𝐨 )} = e−to s F(s)

Note that the function is zero for all other for all other values outside of its domain due to the step
function. (Definition ng unit step function na 1 ang value niya sa defined domain niya, and 0
everywhere else.) Also, both the function 𝑓 and the step function have time delays of tO units.
Moreover, tO retains its sign on both sides of the transform. (Sa first shifting theorem, nagpapalit ng
sign ‘yung constant kapag naging exponent na siya ng 𝒆𝒕 . Remember? )

The following functions cannot be readily transformed without any modifications:

𝑦 = u(t − t o ) ∙ 𝐭
𝑦 = u(t − t o ) ∙ (𝐤 − 𝐭)
𝑦 = u(t − t o ) ∙ 𝐞𝐭

On the other hand, the following functions can be immediately transformed, without performing any
modifications or resorting to the integral definition of Laplace transforms:

𝑦 = u(t − t o ) ∙ (𝐭 − 𝐭 𝐎 )
𝑦 = u(t − t o ) ∙ [𝐤 − (𝐭 − 𝐭 𝐎 )]
𝑦 = u(t − t o ) ∙ 𝐞𝐭−𝐭𝐎
4. Determine the inverse Laplace transform of the following function:

e−3s
F(s) =
s 3 + 4𝑠

5. Determine the inverse Laplace transform of the following function:

e−2s (𝑠 + 1)
F(s) = 2
s + 2𝑠 + 10

6. Find the Laplace transform of the following piecewise function:

t, 0 ≤ t < t 0
𝑓(𝑡) = {2t 0 − t, t 0 ≤ t < 2t 0
0, t > 2t 0

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The impulse function or Dirac delta function is a function that is zero everywhere except at tO, with an
integral of one over the entire real line. Its graph is an infinitely high, infinitely thin spike, with total
area of k under the spike:

𝒌𝜹(𝒕 − 𝒕𝒐 ), 𝒘𝒊𝒕𝒉 𝒌 = 𝟏 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒕𝒐 = 𝟎

The relevant Laplace transforms are as follows:

L{δ(t)} = 𝟏

L{u(t − t O )𝜹(𝐭 − 𝐭 𝐎 )} = e−tOs