TOSLINK - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia http://en.wikipedia.
org/wiki/TOSLINK
TOSLINK From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
TOSLINK (from "Toshiba Link"[2]) is a TOSLINK / EIAJ optical
standardized optical fiber connection [3] system. The optical and the coaxial RCA cable uses the same S/PDIF signal for digital audio for consumer electronics, which is based on the broadcast audio standard AES3 and was adapted as the "Sony Philips Digital Interconnect Format" (S/PDIF) which varies from AES3 only in voltage level. Also known generically as an "optical audio cable" or just "optical cable", its most common use is in consumer audio equipment (via a "digital optical" socket), where it carries a digital Clear TOSLINK cable with a round audio stream from components such as CD and connector. DVD players, DAT recorders, computers, and Type Optical digital audio modern video game consoles, to an AV receiver that can decode two channels of uncompressed connector lossless PCM audio or compressed 5.1/7.1 Production history surround sound such as Dolby Digital Plus or Designer Toshiba DTS-HD High Resolution Audio. Unlike HDMI, TOSLINK does not have the capacity to carry Designed 1983 the lossless versions of Dolby TrueHD and Manufacturer Toshiba DTS-HD Master Audio. Produced 1983 to present Although TOSLINK supports several different General specifications media formats and physical standards, digital audio connections using the rectangular Hot Yes EIAJ/JEITA RC-5720 (also CP-1201 and JIS pluggable C5974-1993 F05) connector are by far the [4] External Yes most common. The optical signal is a red [2] Audio signal Digital audio bitstream. light, with a peak wavelength λ of 650 nm. Depending on the type of modulated signal Originally limited to 48 being carried, other optical wavelengths may kHz at 20 bits. Extended [4] to support all modern be present. formats (Depending on manufacture and specification) Cable Optical fiber, ~10 m (33 ft) maximum[1] Pins 1 Connector JIS F05 (JIS C5974-1993 F05)
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Data Contents Width 32-bit audio packets Bitrate Originally 3.1 Mbit/s; 1 History Now 125 Mbit/s 2 Properties and issues 3 Design Max. devices 1 3.1 Mini-TOSLINK Protocol Serial 4 References 5 External links
History Toshiba originally created TOSLINK to connect their CD players to the receivers they manufactured, for PCM audio streams. It was soon adopted by manufacturers of most CD players. Early TOSLINK systems used the raw PCM data from the CD player; the S/PDIF standard has now become nearly universal for audio streams. It can often be found on DVD players and some game consoles to connect the digital audio stream to Dolby Digital/DTS decoders.
The name is a registered trademark of Toshiba, created
from TOShiba-LINK. Variations of the name, such as TOSlink, TosLink, and Tos-link, are also seen, while the TOSLINK connector (JIS F05) official generic name for the standard is EIAJ optical.
Other terms are sometimes used for technology similar to TOSLINK, such as ADAT Lightpipe or simply ADAT Optical. These are most often seen in the professional music/audio industry. While the ADAT Lightpipe format uses the same JIS F05 connectors as TOSLINK, the ADAT Lightpipe data format is not compatible with S/PDIF.
Properties and issues
Due to the use of clock recovery, TOSLINK cables are widely rumored to introduce jitter (reproduction inaccuracies due to timing errors), erroneously described as "smearing" or a poorly articulated sound. However, the actual effect of jitter on audio reproduction is an increase in noise or intermodulation, and most humans' hearing is not likely to notice any effect. Multi-strand glass fiber TOSLINK cables might cause less jitter than larger diameter, single strand cables (see Jitter). One cause of jitter is bandwidth- [5] limiting of the digital signal.
Due to their high attenuation of light, the effective range of optical cables is limited to [1] 5 - 10 m. They can temporarily fail or be permanently damaged if tightly bent.
Optical cables are not susceptible to electrical problems such as ground loops and RF
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interference.[6] And Bandwidth can be 10 MHz with high-purity quartz fiber, but 5 to [5] 6 MHz for plastic cable.
Design Several types of fiber can be used for TOSLINK: inexpensive 1 mm plastic optical fiber, higher-quality multistrand plastic optical fibers, or quartz glass optical fibers, depending on the desired bandwidth and application. TOSLINK cables are usually limited to [1] 5 meters in length, with a technical maximum of 10 meters, for reliable transmission without the use of a signal booster or a repeater. However, it is very common A TOSLINK fiber optic audio for interfaces on newer consumer electronics (satellite cable being illuminated on receivers and PCs with optical outputs) to easily run one end over 30 meters on even low-cost (0.75 USD/m) TOSLINK cables. TOSLINK transmitters operate at a nominal optical wavelength of 650 nm (~461.2 THz).
Mini-TOSLINK
Mini-TOSLINK is a standardized optical fiber connector
smaller than the standard square TOSLINK connector commonly used in larger consumer audio equipment. The plug is almost the same size and shape as the ubiquitous 3.5 mm stereo minijack. Adapters are available to connect a full-size TOSLINK plug to a mini-TOSLINK socket. There are combined 3.5 mm jack and mini-TOSLINK sockets which can accept a 3.5 mm jack or a mini-TOSLINK plug; mini-TOSLINK plugs are made 0.5 mm longer than electrical jack plugs so that A mini-TOSLINK adapter the latter are too short to touch and damage the LED of combined connectors. Many notebook computers use these connectors, e.g., for 3.5 mm electrical headphone output combined with TOSLINK digital output (not both at the same time), and for electrical microphone and TOSLINK line-in. Mini-TOSLINK jacks are commonly used on laptop computers and portable digital audio equipment.
References 1. ^ a b c epanorama.net. "S/PDIF Interface Document" (http://www.epanorama.net/documents /audio/spdif.html). Retrieved 2009-02-16. 2. ^ a b Toshiba TOTX1701 (http://www.semicon.toshiba.co.jp/openb2b/websearch /productDetails.jsp?partKey=TOTX1701%28F%29) TOSLINK Transmitter Module specifications. 3. ^ "What Is TOSLINK?" (http://www.semicon.toshiba.co.jp/eng/product/opto/faq/toslink /answer_toslink01.html) Toshiba Toslink FAQs. 4. ^ a b "Product guide, Fiber-Optic Devices TOSLINK(tm)" (http://www.digikey.com /Web%20Export/Supplier%20Content/Toshiba_264/PDF/Toshiba_BCE0037_catalog.pdf).
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100621 digikey.com 5. ^ a b Joe Cornwall: TOSLINK Interconnect History & Basics (http://www.audioholics.com /education/cables/toslink-interconnect-history-basics) 6. ^ Joseph D. Cornwall (December 31, 2004). "Understanding Digital Interconnects" (http://www.audioholics.com/education/cables/understanding-digital-interconnects). Audioholics.com. Retrieved 2007-07-12.
External links TOSLINK Interconnect History & Basics (http://www.audioholics.com/techtips /audioprinciples/interconnects/toslink.php)
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