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Introduction

We promote humanity mainly by burning fossil fuels, converting chemical energy into
heat that finally radiates into space. In doing so, we obtain some results that are
considered useful: we cook food, we maintain our homes and offices at comfortable
temperatures, we watch television, we listen to music, we take showers with hot
water, we generate light during the hours of darkness and we go from one point to
another and back.

The use by man of renewable energy sources, including solar, wind and hydro, is
very old; since many centuries before our era they were already used and their use
continued throughout history until the arrival of the "Industrial Revolution", in which,
due to the low price of oil, they were abandoned.

Renewable energies are inexhaustible, clean and can be used in a self-managed


way. They also have the additional advantage of complementing each other, favoring
the integration between them. For example, photovoltaic solar energy supplies
electricity on clear days, while on cold and windy days, often cloudy, it is wind
turbines that can produce the most electrical energy. For what will then be described
in a general way, some of these renewable energy sources, describing their
characteristics and the difference of each one.
Renewable energies of electrical application

Biogas Energy

It is obtained from the gaseous fuel


produced that is generated through
biomass or from the biodegradable
fraction of the waste. Through
different processes it can be
purified until it reaches a quality that
resembles that of natural gas, and
can be used as fuel, biofuel or wood
gas. It is perhaps the most popular
renewable energy of electric
application of all given the large
amount of waste generated per day around the world.

Biomass Energy
It is obtained from the biodegradation of the products, and residues of biological
origin (both of vegetable origin and of animal origin), or of industrial and municipal
waste, and of solid fuels recovered.
The generation of electrical energy from biomass can be done in different ways:
 Biomass power stations for the exclusive production of electricity.
 Biomass cogeneration plants that produce electricity and heat.
 Conventional thermal power plants (co-combustion), in which biomass
replaces part of the fossil fuel.
Energy of the sea

Energy that includes the energetic use


of seas and oceans. Depending on
whether it takes advantage of the
waves, it is called wave , or tidal if it
comes from the tides. Wind Energy : is
the kinetic energy (of the movement)
contained in the masses of air in the
atmosphere. It is captured through wind
turbines.

Geothermal Energy

Energy stored in the form of heat


under the earth's surface, which is
obtained through high temperature
deposits (higher than 100-150ºC).

Hydrogen:
A very abundant element in the universe, but it is not usually found in its pure state,
so to obtain it, other sources of energy are needed. Hydrogen can be transformed
into energy using technology similar to the manufacture of batteries that transform
chemical energy into electricity.

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