Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
PRESENT SIMPLE
1. Write the HE/SHE/IT forms
catch read come run
2. Fill in the blanks with the verbs in the present continuous tense
2
FOLLOW UP
PRESENT TENSES
I. Put each verb in brackets into either the present simple or the present
continuous.
Dear Aunt Jean,
I ....................(just write )to tell you how much I enjoy the money you sent me, and to tell you how
I........................( get on )in my first term at university. Actually, I............................... (really enjoy)
myself! I.......................... (study) quite hard as well, but at the moment I.................................(spend) a lot
of time just making friends. I...................... (still stay) with my friend Sue, and I.......................( look for)
somewhere of my own to live. Only a few of the first-year students.................. (live) in college here, and
I............................(seem) to be spending a lot of time travelling backwards and forwards. I.......................
(go) to lectures every morning, and most afternoons I....................(study) in the library. In fact I ...............
(write) this letter instead of an essay on Hamlet! I........................ (think) I´ll buy some new clothes with
the money you sent. Everything ......................(cost) a lot here, and I.......................(save) to buy a winter
coat. It...........................(get) really cold here in the evenings. I now........................(know) some other
students and generally speaking we......................(have) quite a good time socially! I................(also learn)
to drive. See you soon.
Katherine.
II. Verbs forms and use: Complete the sentences with the correct verb forms of
present simple or continuous.
1. Where.......................these days? In a garage (she / work)
2. ..................................here in summer? Not very often. (it / rain )
3. ‘Bonjour’. Sorry, I........................................ French. ( not / speak )
4. Your English.........................................better. Oh, thank you (get)
5. ...........................................................golf? Yes, but not very well (you/play)
6. Who.........................................to ? My boyfriend (you / write)
7. Where´s Susan?................................ now (she / come )
8. Well, goodnight....................................to bed. (I / go)
9. Water..................................................... at 100ºC. ( boil)
10. ‘..............................................................?’ not yet (that water / boil)
III. Complete the conversations. Use the Present Continuous of the verbs in
brackets.
a- A: ………………………………………………… (Donna/speak) Italian to that man?
B: Yes, she……………… She ………………………………………………… (learn) it at night
school.
b- A: ………………………………………………… (you/enjoy) the party?
B: Yes, we……………… We ………………………………………………… (have) a great time.
c- A: What ………………………………………… (you/do) here?
B: I ………………………………………………… (wait) for some friends.
d- A: ………………………………………………… (Holly/use) her computer?
B: No, she……………… She ………………………………………………… (not do) any work
today.
e- A: ………………………………………………… (they/watch) the news at the moment?
B: No, they………………… They ………………………………………………… (prepare)
dinner.
3
IV. Write the correct form of the verbs in brackets in the Simple Present or
Present Continuous.
a- It´s 09:00 p.m. Jennifer Robbins ………………………………… (sit) at home.
b- She usually ……………………………(report) the news on television, but now she
……………………… (watch) it.
c- At work she ………………………………………… (wear) a suit.
d- Now she ………………………………………… (wear) jeans and a T-shirt.
e- She ………………………………………… (drink) a cup of tea.
f- At work she ………………………………………… (drink) bottled water.
g- Jennifer is a newscaster. She ………………………………………… (think) the news is very
important.
h- She ………………………………………… (love) her job, but at the moment she
……………………………… (enjoy) her day off.
4
FOLLOW UP
PRESENT SIMPLE VS PRESENT CONTINUOUS EXERCISES
1. Put the verbs into the correct tense (present simple OR present continuous):
The train always ________________(1: leave) on time.
"What's the matter? Why ________________(2: cry/you)?"
That's strange. They________________(3: not to watch) TV.
He________________(4: not to speak) very good English.
Please be quiet! I________________(5: do) my homework.
Where________________(6: live/they)?
Listen! John ________________ music! (7: play)
I never ________________(8: go) to the swimming pool.
Harold Black's a famous pianist. He________________(9: give) two or three concerts every
week. He ________________(10: travel) a lot and this week he's in New York.
He________________(11: stay) at an expensive hotel. He's at his hotel now.
He________________(12: have) his breakfast in the dining−room. He________________(13:
drink) a cup of coffee and he________________(14: read) a newspaper. Harold's always very
busy. He________________(15: play) the piano regularly. He________________(16: practise)
for four hours every day. He________________(17: go) to bed late and he always
________________(18: get up) early. But he sometimes________________(19: get) dressed too
quickly, and this morning he________________(20: wear) one blue sock and one red one!
2. Complete the sentences below using one of the verbs in the box in the correct form. You
may use each verb once only.
enjoy prefer play produce work seem know interview wait talk finish
5
3. Put the verb in brackets in the correct form (present simple or present
continuous)
Next week, my friends and I _________ (go) camping in the woods. I ____________
(organize) the food, because I _____________ (like) cooking. Dave ________________
(have) a big car with a trailer, so he _____________ (plan) the transportation. Sam
______________ (bring) the tent — he ___________ (go) camping every year, so he
_________ (have) a great tent and lots of other equipment. My wife _______ (think)
we're crazy. She (like) _______________ holidays in comfortable hotels, so she
______________ (take) a trip to Paris instead.
4. Present Simple or Continuous? Choose the correct alternative(s) in the sentences
1-8 below.
1 Today she ’s spending/spends time with her grandmother.
2 They usually are going/go to the gym on Sundays.
3 We ’re having/have a barbecue later on. Do you want to come?
4 No, she can’t answer the phone, she has/is having a shower.
5 I always have/am having a coffee before I ’m leaving/leave for work in the morning.
6 They sometimes fly/are flying to Sweden, but usually they are going/go by boat.
7 Where are you? I ’m sitting/sit outside in the sunshine!
8 He always brings/is bringing a monolingual dictionary to his English class.
PRESENT SIMPLE vs. PRESENT
CONTINUOUS
~ multiple choice quiz ~
1 John __________ at this moment. meeting at another branch.
Arrive Drive
Arrives Drives
are arriving are driving
is arriving is driving
John always __________ on time for
2
meetings. My parents normally __________
7
Arrive breakfast at 7:00 a.m.
Arrives Eat
are arriving Eats
is arriving are eating
Barbara usually __________ dinner is eating
3
for her husband after work.
Cook At the moment my parents are on
Cooks 8 vacation, so they __________
are cooking breakfast much later.
is cooking Eat
This week Barbara is away on Eats
4 business so Tom __________ dinner are eating
for himself. is eating
Cook
Cooks My husband and his
9
are cooking colleague__________ golf right now.
is cooking Play
Plays
Mr. and Mrs. Parsons __________ to are playing
5
work together every day. is playing
Drive
Drives My husband and his colleague
are driving 10 __________ golf whenever they are
is driving not too busy.
Play
Today Mr. and Mrs. Parsons Plays
6 __________ to work separately are playing
because Mr. Parsons has to go to a is playing
Floating 21. "What ..... about the plan to shorten the school
holidays?"
Float you think
Simple Present
Write the 3rd person singular of the following verbs (in Simple Present).
1. do – he
2. worry – she
3. play – she
4. watch – he
5. might – she
Positive sentences
Negative sentences
Questions
Text
a) Complete
1) My sister ...................................... (be) tall and she .................................. (have) dark hair and blue eyes.
5) Tom ........................................... (be) a lazy boy. He .................................... (get up) at 12every day.
8) Sarah usually …………………………… (take) a bus to school but this week she ……………………….
(go) by car.
11) Lisa …………………………. (not do) yoga on Saturdays. She ……………………….. (do) yoga on
Wednesdays and Fridays.
16) The students ……………………………… (not do) the exercises at the moment.
PAST TENSE
I. Write the following sentences in the Past Tense.
Example: The dog (chase) the cat.
The dog chased the cat.
PRACTICE I
SIMPLE & CONTINUOUS PAST
I. Put the verbs in parentheses into the Past Simple or the Past Continuous and translate
(Scrie verbul din paranteze la trecut simplu sau continuu şi tradu):
1. The ship (approach) _______________ Cape Town when the tornado (begin) _______________ .
2. The bomb (go) _______________ off when the president (give) _______________ a speech.
3. He (not hear) ________________ the bell because the radio (play) _______________ .
4. When I (get) ________________ home everybody (dance) _______________ .
5. The plane (catch) _______________ fire when it (take) ________________ off.
6. Tim (crash) _______________ into a street light because he (drive) _______________ too fast.
II. Turn the following into the interrogative and negative ( Transformă următoarele
propoziţii în propoziţii interogative şi negative):
1. The children were laughing. 2. The man was waiting. 3. I was translating the text. 4. You were looking at
the picture. 5. The girl was coming home. 6. I was learning a poem. 7. The boys were drawing red cars. 8.
Mother was making the bed. 9. You were leaving the office. 10. We were buying fresh fruit.
III. Translate into English (Tradu în limba engleză):
1. Când am plecat de la poliţie John şi soţia lui încă mai vorbeau cu un poliţist.
2. Ce se întâmpla în casa ta când am trecut pe la tine ieri seară? Am sunat la uşă dar nu mi-a
răspuns nimeni, deşi se auzea muzică înăuntru.
3. I-am pus această întrebare de câteva ori, dar el nu m-a auzit fiindcă citea ziarul.
4. Eu încă dormeam când a venit stewardesa să ne spunem că trecem peste Himalaya.
5. Nu ne-am dus la teatru ieri deoarece nişte prieteni de-ai noştri veneau pe la ora şapte.
IV. Change the verbs in brackets into the past simple or the past continuous (Schimbă
timpul verbelor din paranteze în trecut simplu sau continuu):
0 For dinner, my sister (eat) ate pizza, but I (have) had soup.
1 My brother (drink) ________________ coffee while he (do) ________________ his homework.
2 He (walk) ________________ into the classroom, then he (sit) ________________ down.
3 While I (study) ________________ , Sue (run) ________________ into the library.
4 When the class (finish) ________________ , the teacher (drive) ________________ home.
5 Harry (sing) _______________ a song when Jane (come) _______________ in.
6 Nothing happened when I (turn on) ________________ the DVD player.
7 It (start) ________________ to rain while I (walk) ________________ to the park.
8 Yuki (listen) ________________ to the radio when the phone (ring) ________________ .
9 The children (go) ________________ the cinema last night.
10 Mr. Jones (find) ________________ some money when he (clean) ________________ the
cupboards.
FOLLOW UP
~ focus on simple past ~
A – FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE PAST SIMPLE OF THE VERBS IN BRACKETS:
When I ___________ (be) in Japan I ___________ (find) everything very different.
Two years ago my parents _________ (buy) a new car.
Last summer Peter ________ (spend) his holidays in a summer camp with his friends.
They _________ (go) swimming, they _________ (play) football and golf they _______
(visit) many interesting places.
My sister ________ (get) a good job in a bank.
Susan and her cousins ___________ (come) to Portugal ten years ago.
Were
31. I ______ a terrible dream last night. (have)
would be
was having Are
am having Was
Had
Have 38. Ahmed ______ hurt while he ______
football. (get - play)
32. He ________ to see his grandmother was getting – played
yesterday. (go)
got – played
was going got - was playing
Goed was getting - was playing
Goes
Went 40. While Natasha _______ an apple, she _____
her finger. (cut - cut)
33. I ______ very hard last night. (work) was cutting - cut
cutted - cutted cut - was cutting
cut - cut
break – walk
was breaking – walked
41. While she _______, she _____her wallet.
(shop - lose) broke - were having
broke – had
shopping – lost
was shoping - lost 44. I ______ a plate while I _______ Mum in the
shopped - was losing kitchen. (break - help)
was shopping - lost
broke - was helping
was breaking – helped
42. Yesterday at 7 o'clock, Abdulla ______ a
movie. (watch) broke – helped
breaked – helped
Watched
was watching 45. While it ________ heavily outside, I
Watch _______ in my car. (rain - sit)
Watches
was raining – sat
rained – sat
43. Our car _______ down and we ______ to
walk home. (break - have) rained - was sitting
was raining – sitted
THE ENGLISH PRONOUN
Me & To Me
Q1 - Explain it again _____, please. Q2 - She sent a letter _____.
us them
to us to them
them me
to them to me
Q5 - He warned ____ about it. Q6 - Post it _____ as soon as you can, please.
us me
to us to me
me me
to me to me
me me
to me to me
me him
myself himself
me me
myself myself
me me
myself myself
Q7 - He's so ill he can't dress ____. Q8 - She took it upon ____ to organize everything.
him her
himself herself
me me
myself myself
my his
mine himself
Q3 - She did it ____. Q4 - He took it from ____ room.
hers my
herself myself
her my
hers mine
myself
Q7 - No one would help us, so we had to do it ____. Q8 - Someone took it while ___ were asleep.
us ourselves
ourself we
ourselves
him our
himself ours
mine yourself
my yourselves
myself Either could be used here.
Q13 - It's ____ not mine. Q14 - She didn't do ____ best.
her her
hers hers
herself herself
Pronouns
Q1 - Give that to ____. Q2 - Did she see ___?
I us
me we
she they
her them
herself
we I
us me
Q7 - Between you and ____, I think it's a stupid idea. Q8 - ____ is the white one.
I Mine
me My
Q9 - What did ____ say about it? Q10 - They said ____ had to pay for it.
them us
they we
Q11 - I told ____ to be here at three o'clock. Q12 - What did ____ want?
he her
him she
Q13 - Tell ____ what happened. Q14 - If ____ have time, it should be OK.
I us
me we
Q15 - It's got nothing to do with ____. Q16 - I took ____ both.
you and me it
you and I they
its
them
her they
she them
he it
him them
us Them
we They
Either could be used here. Either could be used here.
her me
she I
Either could be used here
Q9 - I saw you and ____ there. Q10 - Between you and ____, I really didn't like it.
she me
her I
Q11 - My brother and ____ went there. Q12 - He gave it to me and ____.
I she
we her
me
They, Them, Their & Theirs
Q1 - It took ____ an hour to get to work. Q2 - You take our books and I'll take ____.
they their
them theirs
they they
their them
them
they they
their their
them
they they
them them
they them
their they
them
- Ann and James are speaking to ………………… teachers, because ……………… have some
questions for ……………………….
- Jack's friends are in classs. These books are ……………….
- We have a very light classroom; ………………………… classroom is on the second floor.
- Claire has two dogs; …………………… dogs like playing very much.
- How old are …………………………. ? I am 15 years old.
- Can I borrow …………………… rubber? Yes, here ……………….. are.
- That bike over there is …………………………. .
~ Follow up ~
The indefinite pronoun
Complete the sentences. Choose one of the words in the box
~ Revision 1~
SUBJECT : Pronouns
A) Fill in the blanks with MY, YOUR, HIS, HER, ITS, OUR, YOUR, THEIR:
1. This is Tim. ………………. car is very fast.
2. Jane and I are in the garden. …………… books are in the classroom.
3. Are you a driver? Where is …………… car?
4. I am a driver. This is ……………. car.
5. She is my friend. …………. name is Meltem.
6. These are Mr. and Mrs. Brown. That’s ………….. house.
7. Look at that cat. …………… eyes are green.
8. Your friend and you are sad today. What’s ……………… problem?
9. That’s Mr. Green. He is driving …………… car.
10. Ali’s and Can’s bags are heavy. …………… bags are full.
11. Gokce and Meltem are listening to pop music. …………….. mother is cooking in the
kitchen.
12. The dog is eating a bone. ………….. teeth are very sharp.
13. Are you and your sister ready? …………… friend is waiting for you in the car.
14. A: What’s ………….. job?
B: I’m a mechanic.
15. Madonna is a famous singer. …………… new records are great.
16. Robert has got a dog. ………………. name is Bingo.
17. We have got a new house in İzmir. ……………. new house is very large.
18. The boys are riding ……………….. bicycles in the garden.
19. Ayşegul is going to school. …………….. school is very far.
20. Sue and Mary are wearing ear-rings. ………………. ear-rings are silver.
B) Rewrite these sentences using HE, SHE, IT, THEY, WE, HIS, HER, THEIR, OUR, ITS:
1. Jane’s father is very thin.
…………………………………………………………………………..
2. Men’s trousers are very expensive.
…………………………………………………………………………..
3. Jim’s shirt is very long.
………………………………………………………………………….
4. Is your brother a businessman?
………………………………………………………………………….
5. My mother and I would like some tea.
………………………………………………………………………….
6. These are Ayşe’s and my books.
…………………………………………………………………………
7. Mrs. Brown’s daughters are in the garden.
…………………………………………………………………………
8. Where is Gökçe’s mother?
…………………………………………………………………………
9. My father’s car is blue.
…………………………………………………………………………
10.That rabbit is grey. The rabbit’s ears are long.
………………………………………………………………………….
11.The students’ books are in the classroom.
………………………………………………………………………….
12.This is Mrs. Brown’s coat, but these are the children’s coats.
………………………………………………………………………….
C. Rewrite the underlined words using MINE, YOURS, HIS, HERS, OURS, THEIRS:
1. This is Ayşe’s coat.
…………………………………………………………………………
2. It is my chocolate. Don’t eat!
…………………………………………………………………………
3. That red book is not Can’s book. His book is blue.
…………………………………………………………………………
4. A: Look at these keys. Are they our keys?
………………………………………………………………………
B: No, they are not your keys. They are my mother’s keys.
……………………………………………………………………..
5. A: Are those your glasses or my glasses on the table?
…………………………………………………………………….
B: I think, they are your glasses. My glasses aren’t on the table. They are in my bag.
…………………………………………………………………….
D. Fill in the blanks using MINE, YOURS, HIS, HERS, OURS, THEIRS:
1. A: Is this John’s tie?
B: Yes, it is ………….. .
2. My umbrella isn’t black. ……………. is grey.
3. There is a car near your house. Is it …………….. ?
4. That green shirt isn’t Ayşe’s. ………………. is blue.
5. Pass this ball to us. It is …………… .
6. They don’t like sandwiches. These sandwiches are not …………….. .
7. Don’t take these keys. They are not …………….. .
8. A: There is a pair of brown gloves here. Are they your gloves or my gloves?
B: I haven’t got brown gloves. They aren’t ………………. , they are ……………… .
9. A: Is their house old?
B: No, ……………… is very old.
10. Can I take your pen? …………….. is at home.
E. Fill in the blanks with ME, YOU, HIM, HER, THEM, US, IT:
1. We are playing in the garden and Jim is playing with …………….. .
2. Are the lights on? Turn ……………. off!
3. Where is my book? I’m looking for ……………… .
4. She is very tired. Help …………….. .
5. I’m very thirsty. Give ……………. a glass of water.
6. This is Ahmet’s pen. Give it to …………… .
7. Look at …………… . Are they your friends?
8. Are you John Brown? There is a letter for …………. .
F. Fill in the blanks with MY, YOUR, HIS, HER, ITS, OUR, THEIR, ME, YOU, HIM,
HER, IT, US, THEM, MINE, YOURS, HERS, HIS, OURS, THEIRS where necessary:
1. Is that Jim’s tie? Show …………… this tie.
2. There is a pen on the table. Give ………….. to me.
3. Pass these books to your friends. They are ………….. .
4. A: Is this my umbrella?
B: No, it isn’t ………….. umbrella. …………. is on the table.
5. Gokce and I are in the classroom. ……………. bags are under the desk over there. Could
you bring ………….. to ………….. ?
6. Mr. and Mrs. Brown are at the door. This is …………. key. Please give ………… to
…………. .
7. A: Have you got a green pullover?
B: No, …………….. isn’t green. It’s blue.
8. Look at that man. ………….. name is John Brown. This passport is ……………. . Give
……………. to ……………. .
G. Rewrite the underlined parts using ME, HIM, HER, THEM, US, IT:
1. There are some books on the desk. Look at these books.
……………………………………………………………………………
2. She is turning the radio on.
……………………………………………………………………………
3. The teacher is asking Jane a question.
……………………………………………………………………………
4. Take your shoes off.
……………………………………………………………………………
5. The man is looking at Ali and me.
……………………………………………………………………………
6. Jim is giving his father some tea.
……………………………………………………………………………
7. This is the dog’s meat. Give the meat to the dog.
……………………………………………………………………………
8. Is Tom eating any oranges?
……………………………………………………………………………
9. Give the milk to that cat.
……………………………………………………………………………
10. Could you pass the salt to your mother?
……………………………………………………………………………
H) Complete the passage. Use appropriate pronouns
my your his her its our their his
Hello. …………… name is Patrick. I’m nine. I have got a brother. His name is Andy and he’s
eleven. We are on holiday in Spain. The hotel is very good and …………. swimming-pool is
large.
Andy and I have got a sister. ……….. name is Liz. She’s six years old. …………. mother and
father are in the restaurant now. Their friends, Mr. and Mrs. Bolton, are in the restaurant, too.
…………. two sons are in the pool.
Andy has got a girl-friend. …………… girl-friend’s name is Sandra. She’s in …………… class
at school.
Where is your family? Is ……………. family here, too?
I) Choose the correct answers:
1. We / Us met Sally yesterday afternoon. She / Her came to the cinema with we / us.
2. I phoned Sarah last night and gave she / her the message.
3. My brother is older than I / me, but he / him isn’t as tall as I / me am.
4. “Who wants a cup of coffee?” “I / Me.”
5. A: Have you seen Simon today?”
B: Yes. I / Me saw he / him this morning. He / Him was going to the swimming pool.
6. A: What did those people want?
B: They / Them asked I / me to help they / them.
J) Choose the correct answers:
1. We know their / theirs telephone number, but they don’t know our / ours.
2. My / Mine car wasn’t as expensive as her / hers.
3. A: How are your / yours children?
B: Fine, thanks. How are your / yours?
4. Maria has got her / hers suitcase, but her / hers friends haven’t got their / theirs.
5. Our / Ours flat isn’t as big as their / theirs, but our / ours is much more comfortable.
6. Have you seen my / mine coat?
K) Complete the sentences using MYSELF, YOURSELF, HIMSELF, HERSELF, ITSELF,
OURSELVES, YOURSELVES, THEMSELVES:
1. Sue’s children are too young to look after ………………………………. .
2. An elephant hurt ……………………… when it tried to get out of the zoo yesterday.
3. I couldn’t borrow my mother’s car last night because she was using it ……………… .
4. I don’t need any help. I can take care of ………………………. .
5. Mr. Woods fell over and hurt …………………….. when he was running for a bus.
6. Would you all like to help …………………………… to sandwiches and cakes?
7. Sarah and I didn’t really enjoy ……………………………. at the disco last night.
8. I taught ……………………….. to play the guitar; I’ve never had lessons.
L) Complete each sentence using BY + A REFLEXIVE PRONOUN:
1. A: Who did you go to the cinema with?
B: Nobody, I went ………………………………………….. .
2. Since the old lady’s husband died, she’s been living …………………………………… .
3. Did someone help you move all the furniture, or did you do it all ……………………… ?
4. They need some help; they can’t manage …………………………………………… .
5. The dog opened the door ………………………………………. .
Linda ………………………………………………………………………__
ASSIGNMENT
Past simple or past continuous
2) The police arrested the murderer when he ... an old woman (to attack)
3) My uncle ... all his fortune playing in casinos (to lose)
4) Yesterday it rained all day and the river almost ... its banks (to burst)
5) Last night when I left the party two gangs of hooligans ... (to fight)
6) Last Friday my father ... to Paris to visit my brother, who works there (to go)
7) They ... the new bridge in time for the Olympic Games (to finish)
8) My girlfriend didn't come with us to the cinema because she ... (to study)
9) When the teacher entered the classroom the students ... very loudly (to speak)
10) That terrible accident ... yesterday evening (to happen)
11) Last night when the thieves ... into my house I was sleeping (to break)
12) My parents ... in the Cathedral of Seville 40 years ago (to get married)
13) The Socialist Party ... the last elections and is now in power (to win)
14) The other day when I ... tennis I hurt my leg (to play)
15) Philip ... at home in very strange circumstances (to die)
16) Susan ... Law in the university of Madrid (to study)
17) Yesterday when you came home I ... the dog (to walk)
18) The plane ... into the mountains due to the weather conditions (to crash)
19) He ... late at the station and missed his train (to arrive)
20) The mother went to calm her little baby because she ... (to cry)
21) My neighbour ... a heart attack last year and still hasn't fully recovered (to have)
22) This morning while my friends played football I ... my homework (to do)
23) Last summer we ... to the south of Spain for our holidays (to go)
24) Yesterday night it was raining when we ... the Theatre (to leave)
Choose which verb tense (simple past or past continuous) fits better.
1. I ________ - I didn't hear you come in. a) was sleeping b) slept
2. I ________ to see her twice, but she wasn't home. a) was coming b) came
3. What ________? I was watching TV. a) did you do b) were you doing
4. Robin Hood was a character who ________ from the rich and gave to the poor. a) stole b) was
stealing
5. Hey, did you talk to her? Yes, I ________ to her a) was talking b) talked
6. I ________ home very late last night. a) came b) was coming
7. How long ________ the flu? a) did you have b) were you having
8. ________ a good time in Brazil? Yes, I had a blast! a) Were you having b) Did you have
9. We ________ breakfast when she walked into the room. a) had b) were having
10. Last month I decided to buy a new car, and today I finally ________ it. a) bought b) was
buying
Complete the following sentences with the correct form (Past Simple or Past Continuous).
1. A: What (you, do) ___________________ when you heard that noise?
B: I (try) ___________________ to change a light bulb that had burnt out.
2. After I (find) ___________________ the wallet full of money, I (go,
immediately)___________________ to the police and (turn) ___________________ it in.
3. The doctor (say) ___________________ that Brian (be) _________________ too weak to go
to work and that he (need) ___________________ to stay at home for a couple of days.
4. My best friend (arrive) ___________________ at my house a little before 9:00 pm, but I (be,
not) ___________________ there. I (study) ___________________ at the library for my final
examination in Italian.
5. John is in the living room working on his computer. At this time yesterday, he (work, also)
___________________ on his computer. That's all he ever does!
6. I (call) ___________________ you last night after dinner, but you (be,
not)___________________ there. Where were you? B: I (work) ___________________ out at
the gym.
7. When I (walk) ___________________ into the busy office, the secretaries
(talk)___________________ on the phone with customers, a clerk (work,
busily)___________________ at his desk, and two managers (discuss, quietly)
___________________ methods to improve customer service.
8. I (watch) ___________________ a thriller on T.V. when the electricity went out. Now I am
never going to find out how the film ends.
9. Samantha (be) ___________________ in the room when Bob (tell) ___________________ me
what happened, but she didn't hear anything because she (be, listen) ___________________ to
music.
10. It's strange that you (call) ___________________ because I (think, just)
___________________ about you.
Put the verbs in brackets into the Past Continuous or the Past Simple.
1) Frank _______________ (finish) his lunch and ____________ (ring) his friend Jason.
2) Jason ____________ (watch) TV when Fran______________ (phone) him.
3) He ____________ (turn off) the TV when he ____________ (hear) the phone ringing.
4) They _________________________ (decide) what to do when Jason
_____________________ (suggest) going to the club.
5) Frank _______________ Jason ____________ (pick up) and _________________ (drive) to
the club.
6) Two other people _______________________(use) their tennis court when they
_________________________ (arrive).
7) They ______________________ (drink) a soda and ____________________ (eat) a sandwich
while they _____________________(wait) to play.
8) While they __________________________ (play), it ________ (start) to rain so they
______________________ (have) to stop playing.
PRONOUNS FOLLOW UP
A.
1. I didn't buy ---- in the end. 6. If ---- had called, they would have left a
A) nothing message.
B) something A) anybody
C) everybody B) nobody
D) anything C) everybody
2. It's not good if everyone ---- to get ---- D) no one
own license. 7. No one can find Alice and David ----.
A) wants / their A) everywhere
B) want / their B) somewhere
C) wants / theirs C) anywhere
D) want / theirs D) nowhere
3. He was an only child, so he had to learn 8. Despite her father's complaints, she
how to amuse ----. decided to live ---- in Canada.
A) himself A) herself
B) him B) of her own
C) anybody C) by herself
D) each other D) her
4. They always defend ----. If you blame 9. The music in the house was so loud that
one, the other will spring to her aid. everybody had to shout to make ---- heard.
A) themselves A) herself
B) one another B) oneself
C) him C) themselves
D) them D) them
5. He claimed to be an expert, but he knew 10. There was ---- to help me so I had to do
almost ---- about it. all the cleaning myself.
A) everything A) anybody
B) nothing B) no one
C) anything C) somebody
D) something D) everyone
B
1. Tom had had enough of school, ---- is C) whose
why he decided to join the Marines. D) whom
A) that E) where
B) what 4. Canada is one of the few forested nations
C) whom ---- forests are mostly public property.
D) where A) which
E) which B) that
2. If you are planning to drive a long C) whom
distance, you should drive during the time of D) whose
the day ---- you are normally awake. E) who
A) which 5. In 1851,---- an international tournament
B) whom was organized by the great English player
C) when Howard Staunton, the modern competitive
D) whose age of chess began in London.
E) who A) that
3. In areas ---- many elderly live alone, the B) when
police may visit their homes to make sure C) which
they are all right. D) where
A) that E) whose
B) which 6. I have always found that it's helpful to
have a few wise and trusted people to ---- B) whose
you can turn for information and advice. C) where
A) whom D) what
B) that E) who
C) whose 9. Parents can learn to create an environment
D) who ---- their child can grow and thrive in a more
E) which resourceful and less stressful manner.
7. While starting your own business the first A) which
principle is to select people ---- you have B) what
trust and confidence. C) where
A) on which D) that
B) whose E) whose
C) in whom 10. Many foods ---- we consume today are
D) where all military creations and were first designed
E) of which for soldiers.
8. Jack London, ---- works deal romantically A) that
with the overwhelming power of nature and B) of which
the struggle for survival, was a prolific C) where
American novelist and short story writer. D) when
A) which E) at which
PRESENT PERFECT
E) Put the verbs in the correct tense. Use the SIMPLE PAST or the PRESENT PERFECT:
1. ……………………….. Tim ………………………. (finish) his work yet?
2. ……………………….. he ………………………… (finish) it yesterday?
3. They ……………………………………. (just / go) out.
4. They ……………………………… (go) out a minute ago.
5. …………………… Ann …………………………. (study) yesterday afternoon?
6. …………………… you …………………………. (send) the letters yet?
7. …………………… she ………………………….. (call) him a week ago?
8. They ………………………………………. (not / see) the film yet.
9. The train ……………………………………………… (just / arrive).
10. ………………………. you ……………………………. (ever / be) in a TV studio?
11. …………………… you and Tom ………………………… (enjoy) the party last night?
12. …………………… you ………………………………. (not / finish) school last year?
13. I ………………………………………. (lose) my dictionary. I can’t find it anywhere.
14. His hair looks short. He ………………………………………….. (have) a haircut.
15. When ………………………………………………. (he / give up) smoking?
16. Jane …………………………………….. (buy) her car two weeks ago.
17. My bicycle isn’t here. Somebody ……………………………………………. (take) it.
18. Why ……………………………………… (Jim / not want) to play tennis last Friday?
19. The car looks clean. ……………………….. you ……………………….. (wash) it?
20. When we were on holiday, the weather …………………………… (be) terrible.
F
) Rewrite the following sentences twice, using SINCE and FOR:
Example: I haven’t seen you. (Christmas / 3 days)
a) I haven’t seen you SINCE Christmas.
b) I haven’t seen you FOR 3 days.
1. We’ve been here. (an hour / 4 o’clock)
a) …………………………………………………………………………
b) …………………………………………………………………………
2. She hasn’t spoken to me. (2 weeks / last week)
a) …………………………………………………………………………
b) …………………………………………………………………………
3. They’ve lived in this street. (1970 / a long time)
a) …………………………………………………………………………
b) …………………………………………………………………………
4. I haven’t had time to do it. (last Monday / a few days)
a) …………………………………………………………………………
b) …………………………………………………………………………
5. We haven’t bought a new one. (ages / many years)
a) …………………………………………………………………………
b) …………………………………………………………………………__
PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE & CONTINUOUS
A) Use PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE to fill in the blanks:
1. I’m tired, because I …… have been working ………. (work) very hard.
2. He ………………………………………… (write) letters all morning.
3. Catherina is getting fatter because she …………………………………… (eat) too much.
4. My mother ………………………………………….. (peel) the potatoes all afternoon.
5. Cathy …………………………………………… (attend) a cookery course since March.
6. How long …………… you ………………………………………….. (learn) English?
7. Where are my eye-glasses? I …………………………………………….. (look) for them
for an hour.
8. Charles ………………………………………………. (escape) from the police for years.
9. How long …………… you ………………………………………… (use) a computer?
10. Elizabeth ………………………………………….. (live) with Mike for three years.
11. She ………………………………………………. (earn) quite a lot of money for the last
two years.
12. It …………………………………………………. (rain) for six hours.
B) Use PRESENT PERFECT TENSE or PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
to fill in the blanks:
1. I’ve bought / have been buying a new pair of shoes.
2. Have you finished / Have you been finishing reading that book yet?
3. They’ve eaten / have been eating fruit all afternoon, ever since they came from school.
4. I’ve been reading / have read this book now, so you can have it back.
5. I’ve been writing / have written eight pages already.
6. Your exam paper is completely blank! What have you been doing / have you done?
7. Oh, no! There’s nothing to eat. My sister has been eating / has eaten everything I left in
the kitchen.
8. Oh, no! There’s no wine to drink. They have drunk / have been drinking all the wine.
9. No wonder your eyes hurt. You’ve been playing / have played computer games ever since
you had your breakfast.
10. I haven’t seen / haven’t been seeing you for ages.
11. God! Hakan has scored / has been scoring.
12. They have danced / have been dancing for an hour.
13. I have been waiting / have waited for you for ages.
14. I’ve finished / ‘ve been finishing my work.
15. I’ve been writing / have written this letter for an hour.
16. He has visited / has been visiting ten museums this week.
17. I’m very tired. Because I have travelled / have been travelling around Istanbul all day.
18. She has found / has been finding a good job.
19. I’m hot because I have been running / have run.
20. I have written / have been writing letters for weeks.
52
THE PLURAL OF NOUNS
A. Fill in the correct form of the nouns:
1. When I came home from school my mother was in the garden with three _________ (woman).
2. I think my neighbors have two ___________ (child).
3. I lost two ________ (tooth) during my stay in Africa.
4. I have a big family with many ________ (member) living in the USA.
5. He has two pairs of __________ (glasses); one pair is sunglasses.
6. He caught 10 _________ (salmon) when he went to Alaska to fish.
7. Can I have three __________ (bottle) of mineral water?
8. Do you have many _________ (rule) in your classroom?
9. I went to Canada and I took more than 2400 ____________ (photo).
10. He went to the baker’s and bought four ________ (loaf) of bread.
11. Do you want some _________ (fruit)?
12. I prefer __________ (vegetable).
13. I don’t see any _________ (man) among the audience.
14. I don’t see where the ________ (bus) leaves from.
15. Some of the ________ (kid) didn’t like ice cream so they had different ________ (type) of candy.
16. I prefer ________ (tomato) in my salad. What about you?
17. How many _________ (country) have you been to?
18. I have bought 20 ________ (napkin) for the party.
19. The ________ (lady) wore nice _________ (dress) for the party.
20. He gave her a bunch of ___________ (flower) on her birthday.
21. The _________ (boy) played with their new _________ (toy).
22. I have a lot of ____________ (homework) for Monday.
23. I need to lay the table. However, I can’t find the __________ (knife).
24. The farmer has 42 cows and 24 __________ (sheep).
25. It is a small town but it has no less than 5 ___________ (church).
26. I like most of the _____________ (player) on the Danish team.
27. More girls had dressed up as ___________ (witch).
3. I prefer tea.
12. Some policemen are organizing road traffic to avoid any accidents.
15. Successful candidates will join the camp later this year.
16. A rise in oil prices is inevitable since there is more and more world demand for energy.
20. I met some nice people when I was walking along the beach.
54
B. In each sentence, choose the best phrase to complete the gap from the choices below (a, b, c, or
d).
1. The receptionist at the front desk gave me two _______ .a) informations b) information c) pieces of
information d) lots of information
2. My cousin is very beautiful. She has green eyes and ________ .a) long hair b) long hairs c) a long hair
d) a long length of hair
3. _________ have you got in the bank? Is it enough to buy a house?
a) How many moneys b) How many money c) How much money d) How much moneys
4. On Saturday, my friend Paul went fishing and he caught ________ .a) three fish b) three fishes c) three
items of fish d) three of fish
5. Can I borrow _______ from you? I've left mine at home and I want to write some notes. a) paper b) a
paper c) a slice of paper d) a piece of paper
6. How many ________ did the teacher give us today? He always gives us a lot to do .a) homework b)
homeworks c) a lot of homework d) pieces of homework
7. Every morning before I come to school, I spend thirty minutes doing _______ .That's how I stay so
slim. a) exercise b) an exercise c) some exercises d) some pieces of exercise
8. Your sister is a great pianist. She played ________ at the party. a) a lovely music b) some lovely musics
c) lovely musics d) a lovely piece of music
55
3. 'How ____________ __________ are there in your choir?
.'4. 'How ____________ __________ have you received from your uncle?' 'I haven't heard from him lately.
'5. 'How ____________ __________ would you like with your rice?' 'Just a little, please.'
6. 'How ____________ __________ has he got?' 'Two. A son and a daughter.'
7. I do not have to do _________ ________. I only do the washing up
8. 'How ____________ __________ do they have?' 'Six. But they don't lay eggs.'
9. How ____________ ___________ have we got to finish the project?
10. He does not eat _________ ________. He likes only tuna.
11. The bedroom does not need _________ __________.
12. They have not caught __________ _______ from the river.
13. We don't eat as _________ ________ as they do. We usually have honey instead.
14. We do not need as __________ _________ as last time. We will basically manage alone.
15. How ___________ ________ have you been to France?
16. I have got so _________ ___________to tell you.
17. I won't take too _________ __________ with me. Only a suitcase and a handbag.
18. She does not have __________ ___________ as a nurse.
19. He had so ____________ _________that he could not sleep.
20. I don't drink much _________ ________. I prefer champagne
56
NOUNS – follow up
A. Use the correct form of the given nouns to complete the following sentences.
language party fun vegetable information
fruit money hair advice sleeve
1. We can buy fresh _______________ from the supermarket.
2. Mrs. Lee went to the travel agent for some _______________ about the tour to Japan.
3. I can’t wear this shirt. The _______________ are too long.
4. How many _______________ does Jenny speak?
5. Miss Ng spends a lot of _______________ on clothes.
6. I don’t know what to do. Please give me some _______________.
7. Karen has beautiful _______________.
8. We had a lot of _______________ at the party last night.
9. Susan enjoys going to _______________.
10. Alan eats a lot of _______________.
C. Charles is making an omelet for the first time. He asks his wife Alice who is watching TV. Fill in
the gaps with some or any:
Charles: Alice! Have we got ____________ eggs?
Alice: Yes, there are ____________ in the cupboard.
Charles: Have we got ______________ cheese?
Alice: Yes, there’s ____________ in the fridge.
Charles: Can I use ___________ olive oil?
Alice: Yes, of course.
Charles: I need ____________ tomatoes.
Alice: We haven’t got _____________. Charles, would you like ___________ help?
Charles: No, thanks, I’m OK.
E. Cross out a/an if it is wrong and substitute it with some. If it is correct, put a tick ˅
1. Can you give me an ____________ information, please?
2. I bought a ____________ suitcase yesterday.
3. We need a ____________money for the cinema.
4. He’s eating a ____________ bread.
5. I’d like a _____________ advice about my future.
6. We stopped at the filling station to get a ___________ petrol.
7. I really need a _____________ holiday.
8. Can you give me a ___________water, please? I’m thirsty.
9. Can you pass me a ____________ newspaper?
10. Do you want an ___________ apple?
58
A. Much C. Some
B. A 11. There's ___________ coffee in the pot
C. Do A. Any
7. It's cold. Don't open _______ windows B. Some
A. Some C. A few
B. A little 12. The plants need __________ more water
C. Any A. Any
8. Please, buy me a __________ apples for the B. A little
cake C. a few
A. Few 13. I couldn't solve ___________ of the Maths
B. Little problems
C. Some A. Any
9. Is there _________ time left? B. Much
A. Many C. A
B. Much 14. Is there ___________ solution to this
C. Some problem?
10. It's too __________ for me. I can't eat it all A. Some
A. Much B. A little
B. Many C. Any
59
TENSE REVISION
Past & Present Perfect
Richard Fox (1)___________(live) in Hong Kong for around seven years and for the past two
years he (2)_________(share) a flat in Wan Chai. He originally (3)________ (come) here on
holiday but (4)_________(decide) to stay on when he heard that it was easy to find a job as a
teacher. He (5)___________(work) for three different schools over the years and
(6)____________(just/start) work for his fourth employer.
He likes Hong Kong because of its convenient location in Asia which (7)__________(allow) him
to visit a lot of countries in the region. To date he (8)___________(be) to China, Thailand,
Indonesia, the Philippines, Vietnam and Cambodia. He (9)____________(not/be) to Macau as he
says he’s not interested in gambling.
He likes the food in this part of the world and (10) ___________(try) a lot of dishes that he
(11)_____________(not/hear of ) before he (11)__________(come) here. While on holiday in
China a couple of years ago he even (12)___________(try) dog, which he describes as ‘quite
tasty’. He (13)___________(not/sample) monkeys’ brains yet, but says he’ll give anything a
try...once.
He says that living in a city like Hong Kong is very different to the small town in England where
he (14)___________(grow up) and (15) ____________(give) him a broader outlook on life. He
(16)______________(never / have to) learn a foreign language before he
(17)_____________(come) here. Nor (18)________________(meet) many people from Asia.
He still finds communication with local people difficult at times and he (18)__________(be) lazy
about learning Chinese. However, he (19) ________________ (at last / enroll) for a course in
spoken Cantonese which (start) ___________(20) next week.
Present Tense – Simple or progressive
1. They normally _____________________ lunch at two. (have) 2. Are
_____________________ in Paris this week? (you work) 3. You _____________________ new
clothes every Saturday! (buy) 4. I played football at school but now I _____________________
swimming (prefer)
5. I _____________________ no idea what the book is about. Can you tell me what it’s about?
(have)
6. John _____________________ a difficult time at the university this year (have) 7. My father
_____________________ everything about cars, but nothing about bicycles. (know) 8. The
moon _____________________ round the earth. (go) 9. Do _____________________ those
men at the door? – They _____________________ at us very strangely (you see, look) 10. We
_____________________ that the contents of this letter should be changed.(feel) 11. They
_____________________ lunch at the moment. – You shouldn’t disturb them. (have) 12. The
watch _____________________ to my grandmother. (belong) 13. I _____________________
what you _____________________ me but I don’t agree with you (hear, tell) 14. This medicine
_____________________ a new substance (contain) 15. These days we
_____________________ tests at school. (always have) 16. Why _____________________ my
coat? – Oh, I’m sorry. It _____________________ like mine! (you wear, look) 17. This cake
60
_____________________ strange. What’s in it? (smell) 18. Hi Jake. – What
_____________________ at the moment? – I _____________________ the sunshine at the
beach. (you do, enjoy) 19. Where __________________________ from? (new neighbours,
come) 20. What _____________________ for a living? - He is a government official but he quit
his job a few weeks ago. – And what _____________________ now? – At the moment he
_____________________ for a new job. (your Dad do, he do, look)
Past Tense – Simple or progressive
1. It ______________________ (rain) when we __________________ (come) out of the
shopping centre. 2. It _________________(happen) very quickly. The car
______________________ (come) out of the side road and then the van
______________________ (drive) into the back of it. 3. I ______________________ (be) ill last
week. 4. He ______________________ (break)his leg when he ______________________
(ski) . 5. I ______________________ (look)out of the window and saw that people
__________________ (walk) in the park. 6. Emma ______________________ (pass) her exam
a few weeks ago. 7. When we ______________________ (see) the spaceship we
___________________(stop) the car. 8. When ______________________ (you buy) the car? – I
______________________ (buy) it a few years ago. 9. He ______________________ (sit) in the
garden when a wasp ______________________(sting) him in the nose. 10. Claire
______________________ (go) to Egypt last month. 11. She ______________________ (have)
a beautiful dream when the alarm clock ________________ (ring). 12. The car
______________________ (stop) at the lights. 13. We ______________________ (drive) home
in the middle of the night when we ______________ (see) a flashing light. 14. Soft music
______________________ (play) when I ______________________ (go) into the room. 15.
______________________ (you buy) that bag while I ______________________ (look) after
the children? 16. It ______________________ (be) peaceful and the birds
______________________ (sing). 17. Was _________________________(Jimmy, already wait)
for you when you ______________________ (get) there? 18. I ______________________
(ring) at about 3 o’clock yesterday, but you ______________________ (not pick) up the phone.
– What ______________________ (you do) ? – I ______________________ (help) Dad in the
garden so I probably ______________________ (not hear)it. 19. I ______________________
(lie) in the bath when the phone ______________________ (ring). It ______________________
(stop) after a few rings. 20. It ______________________ (be) cold when we
______________________ (leave) the house that day.
Fill in the correct form of the Present Perfect tense!
1. The earth __________________ here for billions of years (be). 2. We
________________________ cards for the last few hours (play). 3. We
________________________ problems with our new car recently (have) 4.
____________________________ on anything interesting lately ?(you work) 5. Cuba
________________________ a socialist country since 1959 (be) 6. I
________________________ care of my neighbour’s cats while they are away (take) 7. I
________________________ my car for three years (have). 8.
________________________________ an important fight? (the boxer , ever, win) 9. John and
Mary ________________________ with each other since the day they got married (quarrel). 10.
It ________________________ hard since last night (rain). 11. I’m tired because I
________________________ well lately. (not feel) 12. _________________________________
your problems? (your parents, always, understand) 13. The patient ________________________
61
penicillin for several days now (take) 14. A big earthquake ________________________ San
Francisco since 1906. (not hit) 15. They ___________________________ in San Francisco since
they arrived in the USA 20 years ago. (live) 16. He got ill five weeks ago and
________________________ yet. (not recover) 17. Everyone in the Middle East
________________________ about the situation for decades (worry). 18. We
________________________ very cold weather this year (have) 19. Where
________________________ the money? (you, hide) 20. At last ,my favourite team
________________________ against its most important rival (win) 21. I
________________________ for 6 years. (be married) 22. Dad ________________________ a
number of jobs in the last few years (have). 23. The bank is still closed. It
________________________ yet. (not open) 24. Our daughter ___________________________
lipstick since she was 16 (wear). 25. She is angry because her boyfriend
________________________ up yet and she ________________________ for half an hour. (not
show, wait). 26. I’m still waiting for an answer. They ________________________ up their
minds yet. (not make) 27. How many times ________________________ the cat today? (Kim
feed) 28. The kids ________________________ on my nerves. They
________________________ too much noise (get, make). 29. My company
________________________ a lot of money in the last few years. They
________________________ hard on an important project. (make, work). 30. They
________________________ our new refrigerator yet, but they will any day now. (not deliver)
62
PRACTICE
past perfect simple/continuous
I. Write the past participle (3rd form) of the following irregular verbs.
1. speak - 4.
2. catch - 5. understand -
3. eat – 6. begin -
63
II. Complete the sentences in Past Perfect Simple (positive).
1. I lost the key that he (give) _____________________ to me.
2. She told me that she (see) ____________________ a ghost.
3. I went downstairs because I (hear) ___________________ a noise.
4. When they came home, Sue (cook) ___________________ dinner already.
5. We could not send you a postcard because we (forget) ___________________ our address book.
III. Complete the sentences in Past Perfect Simple (negative).
1. The waiter served something that we (not / order) _______________________.
2. He went to Alaska where he (not / be) _______________________ before.
3. She put on the red dress, which she (not / wear) ___________________ for ages.
4. He (not / play) ________________________tennis before that day.
5. His mother was angry because he (not / help) _______________________ her with the shopping.
IV. Complete the questions in Past Perfect Simple.
1. (you / finish) your homework before you went to the cinema?
2. (why / you / clean) the bathroom before you bathed the dog?
3. (you / have) breakfast before you came here?
4. (she / find) a place to stay when she went to Boston?
5. (where / she / live) before she moved to Chicago?
V. Put the verbs into the correct form (past perfect progressive).
1. We (sleep) ________________________ for 12 hours when he woke us up.
2. They (wait) ________________________ at the station for 90 minutes when the train finally arrived.
3. We (look for) _______________________ her ring for two hours and then we found it in the bathroom.
4. I (not / walk) ________________________ for a long time, when it suddenly began to rain.
5. How long (learn / she) ___________________ English before she went to London?
6. Frank Sinatra caught the flu because he (sing) ____________________ in the rain too long.
7. He (drive) ___________________________ less than an hour when he ran out of petrol.
8. They were very tired in the evening because they (help) ____________________ on the farm all day.
9. I (not / work) ______________________ all day; so I wasn't tired and went to the disco at night.
10. They (cycle) ______________________ all day so their legs were sore in the evening.
VI. Write the verbs in Past Perfect Simple.
1. The pupils talked about the film they (watch) ………………………… .
2. I was late for work because I (miss) ……………………… the bus.
3. We lived in the house that my father (build) ……………………………… .
4. We admired the picture that Lucy (paint) …………………………… .
5. They watered the trees that they (plant) ………………………………… .
6. The teacher corrected the tests that the pupils (write) ……………………………. .
7. I received a good mark in my test because I (practise) ……………………………...…..…………….. on ego4u.
8. The mail order house did not send me the shirt that I (order) ……………………………….. .
9. I had to clean the floor because my cats (knock) ………………………….……………..… over the flower pots.
10. My friend was in hospital because she (slip) ………………………………………………….. on a banana skin
64
Past simple vs Past Perfect
A. Put the verbs into the correct tense (Simple Past or Past Perfect).
B. Put the verbs into the correct tense (simple past or past perfect simple).
they /
work ................................................. ....................................
she /
tidy ................................................. ..................................................
D. Put the verbs into the correct tense (simple past or past perfect simple).
1. William (live) ... in Boston for six years before he (move) ... to New York.
2. The blue car (cross) ... the street after the lights (turn) ... red.
3. When James (try) ... to ring us, we (leave / already) ... the house.
4. After Joanna (finish) ... her presentation, we (ask) ... our questions.
5. On her first day at the driving school, we (be) ... very nervous because we (drive /
not) ... a car before.
E. Put the verbs into the correct tense (simple past or past perfect simple).
1. It (be)... a cold and rainy Sunday, so I (decide) ... to finish the essay that I (start) ...
writing a few days before.
2. I (switch) ... on the computer and (open) ... the document.
3. Then I (begin) .... looking for my notes that I (handwrite) ... on a sheet of paper.
4. But the notes (be) ... not on my desk and I (can / not) ... remember where I (put) ... them.
5. I (turn) ... the whole house upside down.
6. And where (find / I) ... my notes?
7. I (leave) ... them in the sitting room, under a huge staple of papers and magazines.
8. Now that I (find) ... my notes, I (want) ... to continue writing my essay.
9. First I (know / not) ... what to write but then I (have) ... lots of ideas.
10. I (complete / almost) ... my essay when my computer suddenly (crash) ... and I (notice) ...
that I (forget) ... to save the document.
11. After I (reboot) ... my computer, I (see) ... that at least 5 of the pages I (type) ... (be) ...
missing.
12. So I (have) ... to start all over again.
66
Follow up
~ Countable and Uncountable Nouns ~
A. Use “a-an- some-a lot of- a little-a few” and complete the sentences
1- There is _________________ milk on the floor.
2- Mary has _________ money in her pocket. She can’t go to party.
3- There are __________ students in the school because today is the last day of the school.
4- There is __________ cheese and _________ orange juice in the fridge.
5- We buy ______________ sweets because our children eat all the time.
6- There are ____________ books on the table
7- There is ________ girl on the corner.
8- Joe has _________ sister and ____________ brothers
9- They eat __________cheese, ___________eggs, __________ bread and drink _________
milk.
10- I drink __________ water every day.
B. Use “any-much –many” and complete the sentences
1- Are there __________ sandwiches in the fridge?
2- Do you have _______________ brothers or sisters?
3- How _____________ money do you earn each month?
4- There aren’t ____________ tomatoes and lemons in the supermarket.
5- There isn’t __________ sugar at home. Could you please buy some sugar?
6- There isn’t ____________ fresh air. Please, open the window.
7- Is there __________ salt in the soup?
8- How _________ friends do you have in Ankara?
9- How _________ books do you use in the classroom?
10- How __________ homework do you have?
C. Use “any-much-many-a lot of-some-a few-a little-a-an” and complete the
sentences
1- There isn’t ___________ break-time between the 1st and the 2nd lesson.
2- Is there _________ umbrella here? I need to go out and the weather is rainy.
3- I can’t buy drinks and food because there are __________ students in the canteen.
4- We buy ________ cheese, ___________ bread, ________ tomatoes and potatoes,
___________ milk, __________ meat and __________ chips and______ coke from the
supermarket for the party.
5- How _____________ coins do you give to your children?
6- How _____________ homework do you have?
7- We need __________ flour, but I don’t need _______________ eggs because we have
enough eggs at home.
8- Some old people don’t have ______________ hair.
9- Today, the roads are crowded. There is _____________ traffic.
10- The teacher isn’t at school because there aren’t ____________ students in the classroom
D. Complete the sentences using one of these words:
accommodation behaviour damage Luck permission music
advice bread furniture luggage progress weather
baggage chaos information News Scenery meat
67
fun help jewellery knowledge Money wood
traffic work sand Gold Silver
plastic leather linen Wool experience
1. I didn’t have much ……………………………………………… just two small bags.
2. They’ll tell you all you want to know. They’ll give you plenty of
……………………………..………
3. We have no …………………………………..…… not even a bed or a table.
4. Carla’s English is better than it was. She’s made
……………………………………………….
5. George is unemployed. He’s looking for ………………………….……………………..
6. If you want to leave work early, you have to ask for ………………………….…………..
7. I don’t think Ann will get the job. She hasn’t got enough
…………………………………..
8. Enjoy your holiday ! I hope the ………………………………….………….. is good.
9. The ………………...……….. is so depressing at the moment. Nothing but floods and
wars.
10. The …………………………………..……. in Scotland is lovely. Lots of green hills.
11. My father always gave me good …………………………………… when I was young.
12. Our holiday at the seaside was such ……………………………
13. In ancient Egypt women wore beautiful …………………………………….
14. People who are vegetarians don’t eat …………………………………
15. We got to the station in time because there wasn’t much …………………………………
~ Nouns ~
Choose the right option:
1. I had two _____________ for lunch today. a) applees b) apple c) apples
2. I was scared because John brought 2 ___________ to school. a) knifes b) knive
c) knives
3. My favourite MacDo meal is a Big Mac with _________. a) fryes c) frys c)fries
4. In my family there are more _________ than females. a) mails b) males c) malls
5. New Zealand has a lot of ____________. a) ships b) sheeps c) sheep
6. There are many __________ here. a) flys b) flies c) flyes
7. We always have ____________ for dinner. a) potatoes b) potatos c) potato
8. We caught a lot of ___________ yesterday. a) fishes b) fishs c) fish
9. My mother is afraid of ____________ a) mice b) mouses c) mouths
10. It is only for __________. a) mans b) man c) men
11. In my class there are many ___________. a) children b) childs c) chills
12. Do you know where my __________ are? a) keyes b) keys c) keies
13. There were 12 ________ in the tray. a) egges b) egg c) eggs
14. I like ____________. They are so funny to watch. a) monkies b) monkeys c) monkeyes
15. You have lips like ___________. a) cherryes b) cherries c) cheerys
16. It is normal to have 28 ___________. a) tooths b) teethes c) teeth
17. There are three ____________. a) dice b) die c) dices
18. How many ____________ did you take at the party? a) photoesb) photos c) photo
19. We bought three ________ for dinner. a) salmones b) salmon c) salmons
20. Do you know where the __________ were from? a) thieves b) thiefs d) thiefes
68
21. Both my _________ are sore. a) foots b) feet c) feeds
22. Out of seventeen students three became __________. a) cheves b) chefs c) cook
23. In my class there are 9 girls and 10 _________. a) boys b) boyes c) boies
24. I love _________. They are nice when it is hot. a) tries b)trees c)threes
25. ________ are wiser than men. a) womans b) wimen c) women
26. A lot of the kids had __________. a) lice b) lices c) lies
Find out the suitable word or words and fill in the gaps.
cooking dust hoover ironing make the bed mop shopping
1. If you do the __________________, you wash the plates, cups, knives, forks, etc, which have
been used in cooking and eating a meal.
2. _______________ is the activity of preparing the food for eating, usually by gas or
electricity.
3. When you ____________ something such as furniture, you remove dust from it, usually using
a cloth.
4. The purpose of _________________ is to remove the creases from clothes, sheets, towels,
etc.
5. If you ______________ a floor or other surface, you clean it by pushing a brush over it in
order to collect the dirt in one place.
6. _______________ is the activity of purchasing things we need such as food or clothes.
7. If you ______________ something, you rub it hard in order to clean it, often using a stiff
brush and water or another liquid.
8. If you __________________ a surface, you clean it using a vacuum cleaner.
9. When you ________________ a room, cupboard, etc, you make it neat by putting things in
their proper places.
10. If you _________________ you prepare it so that it is neat and tidy and ready for someone to
sleep in.
Fill in the gaps using the following words in their appropriate form:
clean cook dust iron make mop
1. Once a year I thoroughly clean everything at home and this year Mrs Pringle came to give me
a hand with the _______________________.
2. I've spent all morning ___________________ the floors.
3. Boys are just as keen on _______________________ as girls are.
4. He _____________________ all the furniture and then polished it.
5. He found a broom and a dustpan and he ____________________ away the broken glass.
6. You can't tidy a room before you've ___________________ the beds!
7. My husband tries his best to wash and _________________ the clothes.
8. It won't take me more than an hour to do the __________________________.
Assignment
69
A. Complete the sentences below by putting the verb in brackets into the past perfect
simple or past perfect continuous:
1. It was a relief to find the documents. I (look) ... for them all afternoon.
2He was dismissed, even though, in his opinion, he (not/do) ... anything wrong.
3It was not the first time I'd met him. We (meet) ... many times before.
4He called me at eleven in the evening to tell me that he (find/finally) ... a solution.
5When he (finish) ... his speech, he waited for the reaction of the audience. But no one said a
word.
6By the time I came back from my business trip, a lot of things (changed) ... .
7The doctor asked me how long I (have) ... the symptoms.
8It was more than a month before we realised what (happen) ... to him.
9We (work/already) ... on this project for a month before we found a fundamental flaw.
10The invoice (not/arrive/still) ... by the end of the week so we sent them a strong reminder.
B. Complete the sentences about twins who met as adults. Use the past perfect form of the
verbs in parentheses.
1. Two separate Illinois families had adopted (adopt) Anne Green and Annie Smith before the
twins were three days old.
2. When they met, they were fascinated by their similarities. For example, they (live) near each
other before the Greens moved away.
3. As children, both Anne and Annie (go) to the same summer camp.
4. Anne (not / go) to college, and Annie (not/ attend) college, either.
5. Both (marry) for the first time by the age of 22.
6. Anne (get) divorced and (remarry). Annie (not/ get) divorced and was still married.
7. Both Anne and Annie were allergic to cats and dogs and never (own) pets.
8. Both (give) the same name – Heather – to their daughters.
9. Both previously (work) in the hospitality industry.
10. Anne (work) as a hotel manager. However, Annie (not/work) in hotels; she (be) a restaurant
manager
C. Use the time line to complete the sentences about Alex and Andrew. Use the past perfect
form of the verbs below.
build decide graduate make record start
1986 The twins are born.
1993 The twins audition for the first Spy Twins movie.
1995 They record their first pop song and make a TV movie.
1996 The twins start a fashion company for young men’s clothing.
1997 to 2003 The twins make three more Spy Twins movies.
2004 They graduate from high school; they start college.
2005 The twins decide to stop acting.
70
2008 They graduate from college.
2008 to present They work as fashion designers for their clothing company.
1. By 2004, Alex and Andrew had made four Spy Twins movies.
2. Before 1995, the twins (not) a pop song.
3. By 2006, the twins to stop acting.
4. The twins (not) a fashion company yet in 1995.
5. The twins from high school by 2005.
6. They a successful career before the age of 30.
D. Complete the article about siblings who were separated as children. Circle the correct
time word. Write the simple past or past perfect form of the verbs in parentheses.
There are many stories of non-twin brothers and sisters who are separated for one reason or
another and meet again as adults. Here are a few.
Glenn Mint and Bruce Mathews are brothers. They had never met until/after (1) Glenn
started ........................... (2) (start) working at the same company as Bruce. Bruce was surprised
because the new employee looked just like him. They started asking each other questions.
Before/After (3) they met, each man .............................................. (4) (know) that he had a
sibling. Before/As soon as (5) Glenn ......................................... (6) (discover) Bruce's birth date,
he knew Bruce was his long-lost brother.
Quin Mara, 82, knew that she was adopted and that she had siblings, but she had never met them.
After/Until (7) a relative .................................... (8) (find) a family tree, Quin learned the names
of her siblings and started looking for them. Until/By the time (9) she saw the family tree,
she ................................................ (10) (not / know) that she was the youngest of nine children.
As soon as/Before (11) she .................................. (12) (discover) that, she began to look for her
brothers and sisters. She was very happy because five of her siblings were still alive. Before/After
(13) she ................................................ (14) (meet) them, she didn’t know that they had spent the
last several decades looking for each other.
E. Complete the story about brothers who reconnected after many years. Use the past
perfect progressive form of the verbs in parentheses.
Mark and Peter were brothers. Their parents could not take care of them. One family adopted
Mark, and another family adopted Peter. Mark and Peter had been dreaming (1) (dream) of
finding each other since 2005. When they finally met, they were surprised by how much they had
in common. For most of their adult lives, their jobs had been related, even though
they ....................................................... (2) (not / work) in the same business.
Mark .......................................... (3) (make) furniture, and Peter ......................................... (4)
(sell) furniture. Mark ........................................... (5) (interview) for jobs in furniture stores and
decided to take a position at Mark’s store. Peter ......................................... (6) (talk) to a customer
when he saw a man who looked like him walk into the store. Peter stopped what
he ............................................... (7) (do) and introduced himself. That first day, Peter and Mark
talked for hours. They found out that they ........................................................... (8) (not / live) in
71
the same city, but they had attended schools in the same district for most of their childhood.
They .......................................................... (9) (cross / paths) for many years without ever
meeting. They had never expected to have so much in common.
72
Practice on Future Tenses
Will / Be Going To
Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses
1.
Sandra: Where is Tim going to meet us?
Marcus: He (wait) ………………………………… for us when our train arrives. I am sure he (stand)
………………………………………… on the platform when we pull into the station.
Sandra: And then what?
Marcus: We (pick) ………………………………………… Michele up at work and go out to dinner.
2.
Ted: When we get to the party, Jerry (watch) ……………………….. TV, Sam (make) …………………………..
drinks, Beth (dance) ……………………………….. by herself, and Thad (complain)
…………………………………… about his day at work.
Robin: Maybe, this time they won't be doing the same things.
Ted: I am absolutely positive they (do) ……………………….. the same things; they always do the same things.
3.
Florence: Oh, look at that mountain of dirty dishes! Who (wash) ………………………………. all of those?
Jack: I promise I (do) …………………………………………………. them when I get home from work.
Florence: Thanks.
Jack: When you get home this evening, that mountain will be gone and nice stacks of sparkling clean dishes (sit)
…………………………………………………………… in the cabinets.
4.
Doug: If you need to contact me next week, I (stay) …………………………………………… at the Hoffman
Hotel.
73
Nancy: I (call) ……………………………………………… you if there are any problems.
Doug: This is the first time I have ever been away from the kids.
Nancy: Don't worry, they (be) ……………………………………….. fine.
5.
Samantha: Just think, next week at this time, I (lie) ………………………………. on a tropical beach in Maui
drinking Mai Tais and eating pineapple.
Darren: While you are luxuriating on the beach, I (stress) ……………………………………….. out over this
marketing project. How are you going to enjoy yourself knowing that I am working so hard?
Samantha: I 'll manage somehow.
Darren: You're terrible. Can't you take me with you?
Samantha: No. But I (send) …………………………………………….. you a postcard of a beautiful, white sand
beach.
Darren: Great, that (make) ……………………….. me feel much better
74
1.
Margaret: Do you think everything will be finished when I get back from the store?
Jerry: Don't worry. By the time you get back, I (pick) ………………………. up the living room and (finish)
…………………………. washing the dishes. Everything will be perfect when your parents arrive.
Margaret: I hope so. They (arrive) …………………………………….. around 6 o'clock.
Jerry: Everything (be) …………………………. spotless by the time they get here.
2.
Nick: I just have two more courses before I graduate from university. By this time next year, I (graduate)
…………………………….. , and I will already be looking for a job.
Stacey: Does that scare you? Are you worried about the future?
Nick: Not really. I (go) ………………………………. to a career counselor and get some advice on how to find a good
job.
Stacey: That's a good idea.
Nick: I am also going to do an internship so that when I leave school, I (complete, not only) …………………………..
over 13 business courses, but I (work, also) ……………………………. in the real world.
3.
Stan: Did you hear that Christine (take) …………………………… a vacation in South America this winter?
Fred: I can't believe how often she goes abroad. Where exactly does she want to go?
Stan: She (visit) …………………………………. Peru, Bolivia and Ecuador.
Fred: At this rate, she (visit) ………………………… every country in the world by the time she's 50.
4.
Judy: How long have you been in Miami?
Elaine: I have only been here for a couple of weeks.
Judy: How long do you plan on staying?
Elaine: I love Miami, so I (stay) …………………………. here for an extended period of time. When I go back home,
I (be) …………………………… here for more than three months.
Judy: Wow, that's quite a vacation! You (see, definitely) …………………… just about everything there is to see in
Miami by then.
5.
Jane: I can't believe how late we are! By the time we get to the dinner, everyone (finish, already)
…………………………….. eating.
Jack: It's your own fault. You took way too long in the bathroom.
Jane: I couldn't get my hair to look right.
Jack: Who cares? By the time we get there, everyone (leave) …………………………… . Nobody (see, even)
…………………………………………. your hair.
75
~ All tense review ~
CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER
1.- Lucy ………. to Australia by plane next month. a) are going b) is going) c) goes
2.- Miriam ………. Maths at university ten years ago. a) study b) studied c) is studying
3.- Williams ……… .swimming in the sea last Saturday. a)were b) was c) weren’t
4.- Hector .…… good marks at the final exams. a)get b)getting c) got
5.- …….. John …….. his grandfather last night? a)do … call b)does …..call c)did …call
6.- Sheila ………. the teacher some questions now. a)ask b)asked c)is asking
7.- My father is ……… than your father. a)strong b)the strongest c)stronger
8.-Elisa is as ……… as her brother. a)cleverer b)clever c)the
cleverest
9.-Silver is ….….. expensive than gold. a)more b)less c)much
10.-The train is ……… than the bus. a)early b)earlier c)the earliest
11.-My team is very good. I think we …….. win the next match. a)will b)are
c)won’t
12.-My uncle ……on holidays tomorrow afternoon. a)are going b)is going c)aren’t going
13.-Look! There are clouds in the sky. It …….. rain soon. a)won’t b)will c)is going to
14.-How do you go to school? a)on foot b)the car c) bus
15.-How ……….is a kilogram of apples? a)many b) often c)much
16.- a)The girl’s cats are white b)The cats’ girl are white c)The girl’s cats is white
17.-There aren’t …….. cinemas here. a)much b)many c)a little
18.- There isn’t …….. sugar in my tea. a)many b)much c) a
19.-Does the boy wear …… uniform for school? a)an b)a c)some
20.-The secretary …….. all the letters yesterday. a)send b) is sending c)sent
21.-Julio ……… in this town for 20 years. a)have lived b)has live c)has lived
22.-Where ……… your sister born? a)was b)were c)are
23.-I have just …….. my homework. a) finish b)finishing c)finished
24.-My dad ……. already ……….. home. a)have ….. came b) has….. come c)has came
25.-My neighbours are ……… noisy at weekends. a)enough b)too
26.-Thomas isn’t ……. enough to reach the shelf. a) short b)tall c) strong
27.-Charles …….. up very early yesterday. a) woke b)wakes c) is waking
28.-Mrs Dorrit ……..... in my school since 1998. a) have taught b)has taught
29.-The cinema isn’t ………. the park. a) near b) far c)between
30.-Roberto is very friendly. He has …….. friends. a)much b)many c)little
31.-I’m very thirsty. a) Can I have a water? b)Can you give me something to drink?
32-At 5,30 my friend Paul ……..with his mum. a)were shopping b)wasn’t shopping
33.-Patricia ……… lost in the big city in 2011. a)get b)got c)is getting
34.-His father often ………. me a lift to work. a)gives b)giving c)give
35.- a) I have never flown by helicopter b)I have never fly by helicopter
36.-Probably ……. peace in the world soon. a )there will be b) there isn’t
37.-Frederick ……. Law at university. a) will studies b)will study c)wont’ studying
38.-If Sarah …… her leg, she won’t play tennis. a) hurt b)hurts c)hurting
39.-The student won’t pass the exam unless he ……… harder. a)study b) studying c)studies
40.-If the boy doesn’t run fast, he …….. win the race. a) won’t b)will c) don’t
76
COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH THE APPROPRIATE VERBAL TENSE.
1.- Josephine ………….. (eat) two bananas for lunch yesterday.
2.- My cat never ……..(sleep) in my bed.
3.- Jim is a scientist. He ………….. (study) extreme weather.
4.- Have you ever been …………. (trap) in a lift?
5.- Police …………..(look) for the missing child.
6.-Today is my mother’s birthday, so I …………. (buy) her a good present.
7.- The children ………….. (swim) in the sea when it ………….. (start) to rain.
8.- Many students ………… (wear) costumes for the festival.
9.- The tornado ……….… (hit) the little town two years ago.
10.- We …………. (go) to take paper, bottles and cans to special recycling containers.
11.-They chose a name for the dog while they………………… (walk) in the park.
12.- Patrick ………….. (learn) Spanish at school.
13.- Lorena and her father often ………. (go) to the National Museum on Saturday afternoon.
14.- Raymond ……….. just………. (come) home.
15.- My brother ……….(be) angry with me because I ……….. (forget) his birthday.
16.- The exam was difficult because I ………… (not study) the day before.
17.- I ………… (give) you a prescription for your sore throat.
18.-Thomas ….......... (find) the treasure if he asked his friends.
19.-………….. you……….. (do) the project yet?
20.-Margaret ………….. (not visit) her sister in London last month.
21.-If I were you, I ……………….(not marry) Tony. He doesn’t love you.
77
PRACTICE III
Present Perfect Simple / Continuous
Complete the sentences with correct form of the verbs. Use the Present Perfect Simple or Continuous. Use short
forms where possible.
78
6. Joseph's English (improve, really) ________________________ , isn't it? He (watch)
____________________________ American television programs and (study) ______________________________
his grammar every day since he first arrived in San Diego. Soon he will be totally fluent.
7. A: You look a little tired. (You, get) ___________________________ enough sleep lately?
B: Yes, I (sleep) ____________________________ relatively well. I just look tired because I (feel)
______________________ a little sick for the last week.
A: I hope you feel better soon.
B: Thanks. I (take, currently) ________________________ some medicine, so I should feel better in a couple of
days.
Simple Past / Present Perfect
1. A: Did you like the movie "Star Wars"?
B: I don't know. I (see, never) _______that movie.
2. Sam (arrive) _______in San Diego a week ago.
3. My best friend and I (know) _______each other for over fifteen years. We still get together once a week.
4. Stinson is a fantastic writer. He (write) _______ten very creative short stories in the last year. One day, he'll be as
famous as Hemingway.
5. I (have, not) _______this much fun since I (be) _______a kid.
6. Things (change) _______a great deal at Coltech, Inc. When we first (start) _______working here three years ago,
the company (have, only) _______six employees. Since then, we (expand) _______to include more than 2000 full-
time workers.
7. I (tell) _______him to stay on the path while he was hiking, but he (wander) _______off into the forest and (be)
_______bitten by a snake.
8. Listen Donna, I don't care if you (miss) _______the bus this morning. You (be) _______late to work too many
times. You are fired!
9. Sam is from Colorado, which is hundreds of miles from the coast, so he (see, never) _______the ocean. He should
come with us to Miami.
10. How sad! George (dream) _______of going to California before he died, but he didn't make it. He (see, never)
_______the ocean.
11. In the last hundred years, traveling (become) _______much easier and very comfortable. In the 19th century, it
(take) _______two or three months to cross North America by covered wagon. The trip (be) _______very rough and
often dangerous. Things (change) _______a great deal in the last hundred and fifty years. Now you can fly from New
York to Los Angeles in a matter of hours.
12. Jonny, I can't believe how much you (change) _______since the last time I (see) _______you. You (grow)
_______at least a foot!
13. This tree (be) _______planted by the settlers who (found) _______our city over four hundred years ago.
14. This mountain (be, never) _______climbed by anyone. Several mountaineers (try) _______to reach the top, but
nobody (succeed, ever) _______. The climb is extremely difficult and many people (die) _______trying to reach the
summit.
15. I (visit, never) _______Africa, but I (travel) _______to South America several times. The last time I (go) _______to
South America, I (visit) _______Brazil and Peru. I (spend) _______two weeks in the Amazon, (hike) _______for a
week near Machu Picchu, and (fly) _______over the Nazca Lines.
Simple Past / Present Perfect
Since computers were first introduced to the public in the early 1980's, technology (change) _______a great deal. The
first computers (be) _______simple machines designed for basic tasks. They (have, not) _______much memory and
they (be, not) _______very powerful. Early computers were often quite expensive and customers often (pay)
_______thousands of dollars for machines which actually (do) _______very little. Most computers (be)
_______separate, individual machines used mostly as expensive typewriters or for playing games.
Times (change) _______. Computers (become) _______powerful machines with very practical applications.
Programmers (create) _______a large selection of useful programs which do everything from teaching foreign
languages to bookkeeping. We are still playing video games, but today's games (become) _______faster, more
exciting interactive adventures. Many computer users (get, also) _______on the Internet and (begin)
79
_______communicating with other computer users around the world. We (start) _______to create international
communities online. In short, the simple, individual machines of the past (evolve) _______into an international World
Wide Web of knowledge.
Present Perfect / Present Perfect Continuous
1. A: How long (be) _______in Canada?
B: I (study) _______here for more than three years.
2. I (have) _______the same car for more than ten years. I'm thinking about buying a new one.
3. I (love) _______chocolate since I was a child. You might even call me a "chocoholic".
4. Matt and Sarah (have) _______some difficulties in their relationship lately, so they (go) _______to a marriage
counselor. I hope they work everything out.
5. John (work) _______for the government since he graduated from Harvard University. Until recently, he (enjoy)
_______his work, but now he is talking about retiring.
6. Lately, I (think) _______about changing my career because I (become) _______dissatisfied with the conditions at
my company.
7. I (see) _______Judy for more than five years and during that time I have (see) _______many changes in her
personality.
Simple Past / Past Perfect
I can't believe I (get)______________ that apartment. I (submit)__________________ my application last
week, but I didn't think I had a chance of actually getting it. When I (show)___________________ up to take a look
around, there were at least twenty other people who (arrive)__________________ before me. Most of them (fill,
already) _________________out their applications and were already leaving. The landlord said I could still apply, so I
did.
I (try)____________________ to fill out the form, but I couldn't answer half of the questions. They (want)
__________________________me to include references, but I didn't want to list my previous landlord because I
(have)_______________________ some problems with him and I knew he wouldn't recommend me. I
(end)______________________________ up listing my father as a reference.
It was total luck that he (decide) _____________________ to give me the apartment. It turns out that the
landlord and my father (go) ______________________ to high school together. He decided that I could have the
apartment before he (look)___________________ at my credit report. I really lucked out!
Past Perfect / Past Perfect Continuous
I'm sorry I left without you last night, but I told you to meet me early because the show started at 8:00. I (try)
______________________ to get tickets for that play for months, and I didn't want to miss it. By the time I finally left
the coffee shop where we were supposed to meet, I (have) ______________________ five cups of coffee and I (wait)
__________________ over an hour. I had to leave because I (arrange)____________________ to meet Kathy in
front of the theater.
When I arrived at the theater, Kathy (pick, already) ___________________ up the tickets and she was waiting for us
near the entrance. She was really angry because she (wait) ______________________ for more than half an hour.
She said she (give, almost) ___________________ up and (go) ________________ into the theater without us.
Kathy told me you (be) _______________________ late several times in the past and that she would not make plans
with you again in the future. She mentioned that she (miss) ______________________ several movies because of
your late arrivals. I think you owe her an apology. And in the future, I suggest you be on time!
80
PRACTICE
SUBJECT : Both ….and…. / Either …. or …. / Neither …. nor …. / Not only …. but also ….
A) Make sentences BOTH ….AND…. / EITHER ….OR …. / NEITHER …. NOR …. :
Examples: * Tom was late. So was Ann. Both Tom and Ann were late.
* He didn’t write. He didn’t telephone. He neither wrote nor telephoned.
1. The hotel wasn’t clean. And it wasn’t comfortable.
The hotel was ………………………………………………………………..
2. It was a very boring movie. It was very long too.
The movie was ………………………………………………………………
3. Is that man’s name Richard? Or is it Robert? It’s one of the two.
That man’s name …………………………………………………………….
4. I don’t have the time to take a vacation. And I don’t have the money.
I have ………………………………………………………………………...
5. We can leave today or we can leave tomorrow- whichever you prefer.
We ……………………………………………………………………………
6. He gave up his job because he needed a change. Also because the pay was low.
He gave up his job both ………………………………………………………
7. Laura doesn’t smoke. And she doesn’t eat meat.
…………………………………………………………………………………
8. The front of the house needs painting. The back needs painting too.
…………………………………………………………………………………
B) Answer the questions. Use paired conjunctions.
a) Use BOTH ……. AND …… .
1. You have met his father. Have you met his mother?
Yes, I have met both his father and his mother.
2. The driver was injured in the accident. Was the passenger injured in the accident?
……………………………………………………………………………….
3. Wheat is grown in Kansas. Is corn grown in Kansas?
………………………………………………………………………………
4. He buys used cars. Does he sell used cars?
……………………………………………………………………………….
5. You had lunch with your friends. Did you have dinner with them?
……………………………………………………………………………….
6. The city suffers from air pollution. Does it suffer from water pollution?
……………………………………………………………………………….
b) Use NOT ONLY ……. BUT ALSO …… .
1. I know you are studying math. Are you studying chemistry too?
Yes, I’m studying not only math but also chemistry.
2. I know his cousin is living with him. Is his mother-in-low living with him too?
…………………………………………………………………………………
3. I know your country has good universities. Does the United States have good
universities too?
………………………………………………………………………………….
4. I know you lost your wallet. Did you lose your keys too?
………………………………………………………………………………….
5. I know she goes to school. Does she have a full-time job too?
………………………………………………………………………………….
6. I know he bought a coat. Did he buy a new pair of shoes too?
………………………………………………………………………………….
c) Use EITHER ……. OR …… .
81
1. John has your book, or Mary has your book. Is that right?
Yes, either John or Mary has my book.
2. You’re going to give your friend a book for her birthday, or you’re going to give her
a pen. Is that right?
………………………………………………………………………………….
3. Your sister will meet you at the airport, or your brother will meet you there. Right?
………………………………………………………………………………….
4. They can go swimming, or they can play tennis. Is that right?
………………………………………………………………………………….
5. You’re going to vote for Mr. Smith, or you’re going to vote for Mr. Jones. Right?
………………………………………………………………………………….
6. You’ll go to New Orleans for your vacation, or you’ll go to Miami. Right?
………………………………………………………………………………….
d) Use NEITHER ……. NOR …… .
1. He doesn’t like coffee. Does he like tea?
No, he likes neither coffee nor tea.
2. Her husband doesn’t speak English. Do her children speak English?
…………………………………………………………………………………..
3. The students aren’t wide awake today. Is the reacher wide awake today?
…………………………………………………………………………………..
4. They don’t have a refrigerator for their new apartment. Do they have a stove?
…………………………………………………………………………………..
5. She doesn’t enjoy hunting. Does she enjoy fishing?
………………………………………………………………………………….
6. The result wasn’t good. Was the result bad?
………………………………………………………………………………….
e) Combine the following into sentences that contain parallel structure. Used appropriate paired
conjunctions: BOTH…AND / NOT ONLY… BUT ALSO / EITHER… OR /NEITHER… NOR:
1. He does not have a pen. He does not have paper.
He has neither a pen nor paper.
2. Ron enjoys horseback riding. Bob enjoys horseback riding.
…………………………………………………………………………………
3. You can have tea, or you can have coffee.
…………………………………………………………………………………
4. Arthur is not in class today. Ricardo is not in class today.
…………………………………………………………………………………
5. Arthur is absent. Ricardo is absent.
…………………………………………………………………………………
6. We can fix dinner for them here, or we can take them to a restaurant.
…………………………………………………………………………………
7. She wants to buy a Chevrolet, or she wants to buy a Toyota.
…………………………………………………………………………………
8. The leopard faces extinction. The tiger faces extinction.
…………………………………………………………………………………
9. The library does not have the book I need. The bookstore does not have the bookI need.
……………………………………………………………………………………
10. We could fly, or we could take the train.
……………………………………………………………………………………
C) Combine the following using BOTH…AND / NOT ONLY… BUT ALSO /EITHER… OR /
NEITHER… NOR:
1. Paul must go to class. Jean must go to class.
82
Both Paul and Jean must go to class.
2. Paul speaks English. Jean speaks English.
………………………………………………………………………………
3. Paul hasn’t left yet. Jean hasn’t left yet.
………………………………………………………………………………
4. Shall I go to by air, or shall I go by sea?
……………………………………………………………………………..
5. Paul didn’t stay long. Jean didn’t stay long.
……………………………………………………………………………..
6. Paul has a two-car garage. Jean has a two-car garage.
……………………………………………………………………………..
7. Shall I work tonight, or shall I go out?
……………………………………………………………………………..
8. Paul’s house is very central. Jean’s house is very central.
……………………………………………………………………………..
9. Paul recognized the man. Jean recognized the man.
……………………………………………………………………………..
10. Shall I have a swim, or shall I go by bus?
……………………………………………………………………………..
SUBJECT : Articles
A) Put in A / AN or THE. Sometimes you don’t need either word – you leave it blank.
1. There was ………….. waiter standing at ………… entrance of ………… restaurant. I ordered him
……….. glass of ………. vodka with some juice in it.
2. There was ……….. question I wanted to ask ……….. biology teacher about ………. kangaroo. She had
said ………… kangaroo carried her baby in ……….. kind of bag in ………. front part of ……….. her
body. I wanted to know how many baby kangaroos it could carry at ……….. time.
3. “Is that your wife?”
“No, my wife’s ………. woman in ………. red dress.”
4. I work with ………. man and two women. ………. man is quite nice, but ………. women are not very
friendly.
5. What’s in ……… newspaper?
6. Can you show me ………. that book, please?
7. What’s ………. name of ………. woman in ………. blue dress?
8. ……….. water turns into ……….. ice at 0 degree C.
9. I like ………… steak, but I don’t like ……….. eggs.
10. She lives in ………… nice flat on ………. fifth floor of ……….. old house.
11. It’s terrible - ……….. eggs are $ 2 ……….. dozen.
12. There were ………. boy and ………. girl in the room. ……….. boy was Japanese but ……….. girl
looked foreign. She was wearing ………… fur coat.
13. This morning I bought …………. newspaper and ……….. magazine. ………. Newspaper is in my bag
but I don’t know where ………… magazine is.
14. “Have you got ………. car?”
“No, I’ve never had …………. car in my life.”
15. We don’t go to ……….. cinema very much these days. In fact, in ………. town where we live there
isn’t ………… cinema.
16. Don’t stay in that hotel. ………… beds are very uncomfortable.
17. After I leave ………… school, I want to go to ………… university.
B) Put in A / AN or THE. Sometimes you don’t need either word – you leave it blank.
1. John Colloway is …………. bank manager. He works in ………… bank in ……… center of ………
London. Every morning he gets up at seven o’clock, has ……… breakfast and ……… cup of ………..
83
coffee, and reads ……….”Times”. Then he goes to ………. work by …….. bus. In ………. morning, he
usually makes ……….. telephone calls, sees ……….. customers and ………… dictates ………… letters.
He has ………. lunch at ……….. restaurant near ……… bank. In ……….. afternoon he works until five
or five thirty, and then goes ………. home. He doesn’t work on ……….. Saturdays or Sundays; he goes to
………… cinema or reads. He likes …………. novels and ……….. history. He is not married. He has
……….. sister in ………. Oxford and ……….. brother in ……….. London.
2. Have you got ……….. camera?
3. You need ………. visa to visit ……….. foreign countries, but not all of them.
4. When we reached the city center, ………… shops were still open but most of them were already closed.
5. Jack has got ……….. very long legs, so he’s ……….. fast runner.
6. I’m looking for ………… job. And did Ann get ………. job she applied for?
7. Did ………. police find ………. person who stole your bicycle?
8. We went out for ………… meal last night. ………… restaurant we went to was excellent.
9. This morning I had ……….. boiled egg and toast for breakfast.
10. Tom always gives Ann …………. flowers on her birthday.
11. I went into the shop and asked to speak to ……….. manager.
12. There’s no need to buy any milk. …………. milkman brings it every morning.
13. It was warm and sunny, so we decided to sit in ………… garden.
14. Jane is ……….. teacher. Her parents were ……….. teachers too.
15. Bill’s got ……….. big feet.
16. Would you like to be ……….. actor?
C) Put a suitable article into the blanks:
1. My neighbour is ……….. photographer; let’s ask him for ……….. advice about colour films.
2. I had ……… very bad night; I didn’t sleep ………. wink.
3. He is ………… vegeterian; you won’t get ………. meat at his house.
4. ………… youngest boy has just started going to ……….. school; ………. eldest boy is at …………
college.
5. I went to ………… school to talk to ………… headmistress. I persuaded her to let Ann give up
…………. gymnastics and take ………. ballet lessons instead.
6. There was ………. knock on ………. door. I opened it and found ………… small dark man in ……….
check overcoat and ……… soft hat.
7. - Are John and Mary ……….. cousins?
- No, they aren’t ………. cousins; they are ……….. brother and ……… sister.
8. ……….. postman’s little boy says that he’d rather be ………… dentist than ……….. doctor, because
…………. dentists don’t get called out at ……….. night.
9. - Would you like to hear ………… story about ……….. Englishman, …………. Irishman and ……….
Scotsman?
- No. I’ve heard ……….. stories about ……….. Englishmen, ………… Irishmen and ………… Scotsmen
before and they are all ……….. same.
10. “………. modern burglars don’t hide under ………. beds.” said her daughter.
11. ……….. most of ………… stories that ………… people tell about ……….. Irish aren’t true.
12. Like many women, she loves ……….. tea parties and ………… gossip.
13. On ……….. Sundays my father stays in …………. bed till ten o’clock, reading ………. Sunday
papers.
14. I have ……….. little money left; let’s have dinner in ……….. restaurant.
15. - I hope you have ………… lovely time and ………… good weather.
- But I’m not going for ………… holiday; I’m going on …………. business.
16. During ………. meal he gives her ………. instructions about ………. garden and she tells him
………. village gossip.
17. My mother goes to …………church in …………. morning, and in ………… afternoon goes to visit
………… friends.
84
D) Some of the blank spaces below need ARTICLES, others do not. Fill in the articles where needed.
1. Tobacco is one of ………… most important products of ……….. South.
2. …………. fresh air is needed by all people.
3. …………. cotton which comes from ………… Alabama is better than ………. cotton which comes
from ………… Oklahoma.
4. ………… air in this room is fresh.
5. ………. important products which we get from ………… India are ……….. tea, ……… cotton, and
………… rice.
6. …………. telephone seldom rings in our home.
7. …………. silver is …………. conductor of …………. electricity.
8. I get on ………… train at ………… same place every day.
9. ………… rain and ………… sun are needed for …………. raising of………. vegetables.
10. Mary is waving to us from across …………. street.
11. ………… sun is shining but part of ………… sky is still covered with clouds.
12. …………. women use much make-up.
13. Sometimes everyone must take ………… medicine.
14. …………. coffee will keep you awake all night.
15. …………. medicine which ………….. doctor prescribed helped me.
16. …………. tea seems to keep some people awake.
17. He likes to study ………….. French.
18. …………. coffee is very strong.
19. In that course, we study …………. history of all ………… important countries of Asia.
20. …………. coffee which comes from Brazil is ………… best.
E) Some of the blank spaces below need ARTICLES, others do not. Fill in the articles
where needed.
1. He went to ………… Spain last month.
2. When you go to …………. Spain, be sure to see …………. Madrid.
3. He works in ………… building on ………… corner of ………. Tenth Ave. and 62nd St.
4. ………… Tokyo is ………… largest city in ……….. World.
5. ………… traffic on ………… Jones Avenue is heavy.
6. ………… Miami is ………… center of ………… tobacco industry.
7. ……… Rio Grande River forms …………. boundary between ………. U.S. and Mexico.
8. ………… rivers of …………..eastern part of …………. United States flow toward
…………. East Coast.
9. …………. largest river in …………. America is …………. Mississippi.
10. …………. New York subway trains are very comfortable.
11. …………. climate of ……….. southern Florida is very nice all year.
12. …………. capital of …………. France is ………… Paris, but ………. capital of ………. England is
London.
13. ………… Tenth Street has some very nice shops.
14. Some of …………. Tenth Street shops are very inexpensive, too.
15. ………….. President will be on ……….. TV tonight.
86
87
88
PRACTICE
A, An, or (Nothing)
1. There were many dogs in the park. One dog was ___ Dalmatian.
2. Pandas and ___ tigers are both endangered animals.
Decide whether to use the definte article >the< or not. If you do not need the article >the<, put in an x.
Hi John,
I arrived in … USA last Monday. We left …….. Rome, flew over ………. Alps and made a quick stop in
………London. There we went shopping in ………… Harrods, visited …………….Tower and enjoyed a
sunny afternoon in ……….. Hyde Park. On the following day we left for …………..New York. ………..
time on board wasn't boring as there were two films to watch on ……… monitor. ……….. people on
89
………….. plane were all …………… Italian. Before we landed at …………JFK airport, we saw
…………Statue of Liberty, …………. Ellis Island and ………. Empire State Building. ………….. hotel I
stayed in was on ………… corner of …………. 42nd Street and ………….. 5th Avenue. I don't like
……….. hotels very much, but I didn't have …………… time to rent an apartment.
Yours,
Peter
PART II
EXERCISE
(Pre-Intermediate)
Fill in the gaps.
I am from Winchester, Hampshire. Winchester is ……….. city in …………….. United Kingdom. I live in
…… town called ………….. Taunton which is on ………… River Tone. I live in ………….. house in
……… quiet street in the countryside. ……………. street is called "Hudson Street" and ………… house
is old - more than 100 years old! I am ………….. English lecturer at …….. college near ……………
centre of ………………. town. I like ………….. books, music and taking ……….. photographs. I usually
have ………… lunch at college. I usually go ……….. home by ……….. car. We have all kinds of food in
………. England. I like …………. Polish food very much. Sometimes, I go to ……… Polish restaurant in
Bath. ………….. restaurant is called "Magda's". ………. Polish food is delicious!
EXERCISE 2
(Elementary / Pre-Intermediate)
a, an, the, zero
1. Robert and Jessica went to ___ party last night.
2. Can you tell me how to get to ___ cinema from here?
3. ___ college is closed today.
4. Gregory is one of ___ strangest people I know.
5. I recommend you to try ___ tomato soup at this restaurant.
6. ___ beer is good for you.
7. Would you like to see ___ film?
8. ___ apple a day keeps ___ doctor away.
9. I can't believe I failed ___ yesterday's test!
10. Do you have ___ dictionary that I can borrow?
EXERCISE 3
(Elementary / Pre-Intermediate)
1. There were many dogs in the park. One dog was ___ Dalmatian.
2. Pandas and ___ tigers are both endangered animals.
3. Magda is wearing ___ blue dress with red shoes
4. Bornholm is ___ island in the Baltic Sea.
5. Christmas comes once ___ year.
6. ___ owl is __ bird.
7. The Severn is ___ river.
8. Jane went to the shop to buy ___ bread.
90
9. Hania broke ___ glass when she was washing-up.
10. Tom took ___ umbrella as it was raining heavilly.
EXERCISE 4
1. This is ___ easy question.
2. Stephen could you speak ___ little louder?
3. May I have your ___ phone number?
4. I have never seen ___ UFO.
5. May I ask you ___ question?
6. Astrid is ___ best teacher in our school.
7. What is ___ name of the next station?
8. My girlfriend has ___ my car today.
9. I went to ___ sea during my summer holiday.
10. Is there ___ cash machine near here?
EXERCISE 5
1. This is Joanna. She's _____ doctor. 6. Mr. Sańko is ___ teacher.
a. a a. a
b. an b. an
2. Simon is ____ engineer. 7. This is Shirley. She's ___ housewife.
a. a a. a
b. an b. an
3. That's Sandra. She's ___ hairdresser. 8. That's Mark. He's ___ police officer.
a. a a. a
b. an b. an
4. Sean Connery is ___ actor. 9. I'm ____ student.
a. a a. a
b. an b. an
5. John is ____ electrician. 10. Kate Winslet is ____ actress.
a. a a. a
b. an b. a
91
EXERCISE 6
Fill in each blank with the appropriate article. If no article is required, put a "0" in the blank. The nouns
that the articles go with are in italics.
1. _______(a) Decline and Fall of ______(b) Roman Empire
2. ________(a) complexity of _______(b) problem of ______(c) decline and fall of the Roman
Empire is made evident by _______(d) wide variety of causes that are emphasized in varying
degrees by _______ (e) different authors.
4. According to Gibbon, _________(a) empire reached its peak during _______(b) administration
of ________(c) two Antonines.
5. After that, however, ________(a) extent of ________(b) Roman conquest became too great to be
managed by _______(c) Roman government, and _______(d) decline began.
6. ______(a) military government was weakened and finally dissolved as ______(b) barbarians
were allowed to constitute ______(c) ever-growing percentage of ______(d) Roman legions.
7. ______(a) victorious legions began to dominate and corrupt _______(b) government, weakening
it at ______(c) time when it most needed ______(d) strength to overcome _______(e) other
problems
92
PRACTICE
past perfect simple/continuous
I. Write the past participle (3rd form) of the following irregular verbs.
7. speak - 10. understand -
8. catch - 11. begin -
9. eat -
II. Complete the sentences in Past Perfect Simple (positive).
6. I lost the key that he (give) _____________________ to me.
7. She told me that she (see) ____________________ a ghost.
8. I went downstairs because I (hear) ___________________ a noise.
9. When they came home, Sue (cook) ___________________ dinner already.
10. We could not send you a postcard because we (forget) ___________________ our address book.
III. Complete the sentences in Past Perfect Simple (negative).
6. The waiter served something that we (not / order) _______________________.
7. He went to Alaska where he (not / be) _______________________ before.
8. She put on the red dress, which she (not / wear) ___________________ for ages.
9. He (not / play) ________________________tennis before that day.
10. His mother was angry because he (not / help) _______________________ her with the shopping.
IV. Complete the questions in Past Perfect Simple.
6. (you / finish) your homework before you went to the cinema?
7. (why / you / clean) the bathroom before you bathed the dog?
8. (you / have) breakfast before you came here?
9. (she / find) a place to stay when she went to Boston?
10. (where / she / live) before she moved to Chicago?
V. Put the verbs into the correct form (past perfect progressive).
11. We (sleep) ________________________ for 12 hours when he woke us up.
12. They (wait) ________________________ at the station for 90 minutes when the train finally arrived.
13. We (look for) _______________________ her ring for two hours and then we found it in the bathroom.
14. I (not / walk) ________________________ for a long time, when it suddenly began to rain.
15. How long (learn / she) ___________________ English before she went to London?
16. Frank Sinatra caught the flu because he (sing) ____________________ in the rain too long.
17. He (drive) ___________________________ less than an hour when he ran out of petrol.
18. They were very tired in the evening because they (help) ____________________ on the farm all day.
19. I (not / work) ______________________ all day; so I wasn't tired and went to the disco at night.
20. They (cycle) ______________________ all day so their legs were sore in the evening.
VI. Write the verbs in Past Perfect Simple.
11. The pupils talked about the film they (watch) ………………………… .
12. I was late for work because I (miss) ……………………… the bus.
13. We lived in the house that my father (build) ……………………………… .
14. We admired the picture that Lucy (paint) …………………………… .
15. They watered the trees that they (plant) ………………………………… .
16. The teacher corrected the tests that the pupils (write) ……………………………. .
17. I received a good mark in my test because I (practise) ……………………………...…..…………….. on ego4u.
18. The mail order house did not send me the shirt that I (order) ……………………………….. .
19. I had to clean the floor because my cats (knock) ………………………….……………..… over the flower pots.
20. My friend was in hospital because she (slip) ………………………………………………….. on a banana skin
93
PRACTICE III
Present Perfect Simple / Continuous
Complete the sentences with correct form of the verbs. Use the Present Perfect Simple or Continuous. Use short
forms where possible.
94
6. Joseph's English (improve, really) ________________________ , isn't it? He (watch)
____________________________ American television programs and (study) ______________________________
his grammar every day since he first arrived in San Diego. Soon he will be totally fluent.
7. A: You look a little tired. (You, get) ___________________________ enough sleep lately?
B: Yes, I (sleep) ____________________________ relatively well. I just look tired because I (feel)
______________________ a little sick for the last week.
A: I hope you feel better soon.
B: Thanks. I (take, currently) ________________________ some medicine, so I should feel better in a couple of
days.
Simple Past / Present Perfect
1. A: Did you like the movie "Star Wars"?
B: I don't know. I (see, never) _______that movie.
2. Sam (arrive) _______in San Diego a week ago.
3. My best friend and I (know) _______each other for over fifteen years. We still get together once a week.
4. Stinson is a fantastic writer. He (write) _______ten very creative short stories in the last year. One day, he'll be as
famous as Hemingway.
5. I (have, not) _______this much fun since I (be) _______a kid.
6. Things (change) _______a great deal at Coltech, Inc. When we first (start) _______working here three years ago,
the company (have, only) _______six employees. Since then, we (expand) _______to include more than 2000 full-
time workers.
7. I (tell) _______him to stay on the path while he was hiking, but he (wander) _______off into the forest and (be)
_______bitten by a snake.
8. Listen Donna, I don't care if you (miss) _______the bus this morning. You (be) _______late to work too many
times. You are fired!
9. Sam is from Colorado, which is hundreds of miles from the coast, so he (see, never) _______the ocean. He
should come with us to Miami.
10. How sad! George (dream) _______of going to California before he died, but he didn't make it. He (see, never)
_______the ocean.
11. In the last hundred years, traveling (become) _______much easier and very comfortable. In the 19th century, it
(take) _______two or three months to cross North America by covered wagon. The trip (be) _______very rough and
often dangerous. Things (change) _______a great deal in the last hundred and fifty years. Now you can fly from New
York to Los Angeles in a matter of hours.
12. Jonny, I can't believe how much you (change) _______since the last time I (see) _______you. You (grow)
_______at least a foot!
13. This tree (be) _______planted by the settlers who (found) _______our city over four hundred years ago.
14. This mountain (be, never) _______climbed by anyone. Several mountaineers (try) _______to reach the top, but
nobody (succeed, ever) _______. The climb is extremely difficult and many people (die) _______trying to reach the
summit.
15. I (visit, never) _______Africa, but I (travel) _______to South America several times. The last time I (go)
_______to South America, I (visit) _______Brazil and Peru. I (spend) _______two weeks in the Amazon, (hike)
_______for a week near Machu Picchu, and (fly) _______over the Nazca Lines.
Simple Past / Present Perfect
Since computers were first introduced to the public in the early 1980's, technology (change) _______a great deal.
The first computers (be) _______simple machines designed for basic tasks. They (have, not) _______much memory
and they (be, not) _______very powerful. Early computers were often quite expensive and customers often (pay)
_______thousands of dollars for machines which actually (do) _______very little. Most computers (be)
_______separate, individual machines used mostly as expensive typewriters or for playing games.
Times (change) _______. Computers (become) _______powerful machines with very practical applications.
Programmers (create) _______a large selection of useful programs which do everything from teaching foreign
languages to bookkeeping. We are still playing video games, but today's games (become) _______faster, more
95
exciting interactive adventures. Many computer users (get, also) _______on the Internet and (begin)
_______communicating with other computer users around the world. We (start) _______to create international
communities online. In short, the simple, individual machines of the past (evolve) _______into an international World
Wide Web of knowledge.
Present Perfect / Present Perfect Continuous
1. A: How long (be) _______in Canada?
B: I (study) _______here for more than three years.
2. I (have) _______the same car for more than ten years. I'm thinking about buying a new one.
3. I (love) _______chocolate since I was a child. You might even call me a "chocoholic".
4. Matt and Sarah (have) _______some difficulties in their relationship lately, so they (go) _______to a marriage
counselor. I hope they work everything out.
5. John (work) _______for the government since he graduated from Harvard University. Until recently, he (enjoy)
_______his work, but now he is talking about retiring.
6. Lately, I (think) _______about changing my career because I (become) _______dissatisfied with the conditions at
my company.
7. I (see) _______Judy for more than five years and during that time I have (see) _______many changes in her
personality.
Simple Past / Past Perfect
I can't believe I (get)______________ that apartment. I (submit)__________________ my application last
week, but I didn't think I had a chance of actually getting it. When I (show)___________________ up to take a look
around, there were at least twenty other people who (arrive)__________________ before me. Most of them (fill,
already) _________________out their applications and were already leaving. The landlord said I could still apply, so I
did.
I (try)____________________ to fill out the form, but I couldn't answer half of the questions. They (want)
__________________________me to include references, but I didn't want to list my previous landlord because I
(have)_______________________ some problems with him and I knew he wouldn't recommend me. I
(end)______________________________ up listing my father as a reference.
It was total luck that he (decide) _____________________ to give me the apartment. It turns out that the
landlord and my father (go) ______________________ to high school together. He decided that I could have the
apartment before he (look)___________________ at my credit report. I really lucked out!
Past Perfect / Past Perfect Continuous
I'm sorry I left without you last night, but I told you to meet me early because the show started at 8:00. I (try)
______________________ to get tickets for that play for months, and I didn't want to miss it. By the time I finally left
the coffee shop where we were supposed to meet, I (have) ______________________ five cups of coffee and I
(wait) __________________ over an hour. I had to leave because I (arrange)____________________ to meet
Kathy in front of the theater.
When I arrived at the theater, Kathy (pick, already) ___________________ up the tickets and she was waiting for us
near the entrance. She was really angry because she (wait) ______________________ for more than half an hour.
She said she (give, almost) ___________________ up and (go) ________________ into the theater without us.
Kathy told me you (be) _______________________ late several times in the past and that she would not make plans
with you again in the future. She mentioned that she (miss) ______________________ several movies because of
your late arrivals. I think you owe her an apology. And in the future, I suggest you be on time!
96
Tense follow up
Present Simple & Continuous
1. Tradu:
1. Iarna ninge.
2. Duminica el nu se scoala devreme.
3. Eu nu studiez seara.
4. Ce faci? Citesti sau privesti la televizor?
5. Secretara tocmai bate la masina un referat.
6. Ea merge la cumparaturi sâmbata.
7. Acum imi fac temele la engleza.
8. Nu-mi place cafeaua.
9. Ce carte citesti?
10. La ce ora se scoala John dimineata?
11. Ce faci tu in zilele libere?
12. Cui ii telefonezi?
13. El nu merge la scoala cu metroul, merge pe jos.
14. De ce deschizi fereastra?
15. Adesea citesc carti englezesti.
16. Ea isi face bagajul.
2. Verbul la forma correctă:
1. I __________ (read) a very interesting book now.
2. Joanne __________ (work) eight hours a day.
3. Tonight we __________ (see) a play at the theatre.
4. Who __________ you __________ (speak) to now?
5. I __________ (not know) him very well.
6. What will you do if she __________ (come) late?
7. My wife __________ (like) coffee for breakfast.
8. What __________ Tom usually __________(have) for breakfast?
9. Your train __________ (leave) at 17.25 from platform 3.
10. What __________ Mary __________ (do) ? She's a student.
11. My whole family _____________(go) to church once a week.
12. My wife and I _______________(go) to the beach in the summer.
13. Listen! The phone ______________(ring) in the other room.
14. Rain seldom ______________(fall) in the Sahara.
15. He is thirteen years old now, and his voice ___________________(change).
16. Let's change the conversation. It _______________(get) too serious.
17. Leap year ________________(come) every four years.
18. My grandfather ______________(grow) tomatoes in his garden this summer.
19. He ______________(grow) them every summer .
20. The children ____________________(leave) for school right now.
21. The children ________________(leave) at 8:30 every morning of the week.
22. Shu! The baby ____________________(take) her nap.
23. In the north the season __________________(change) four times a year .
24. Unfortunately, the patient ____________________ (die).
25. The monsoon ___________________(come) once or twice a year.
26. It's spring and the days ___________________(get) longer.
27. The weather ___________(get) very cold in Moscow in the winter.
28. It _______________(rain) hard, and I don't have an umbrella.
29. It's November and the birds _________________(fly) south.
30. Many birds of Europe ___________(fly) south to Africa every winter.
97
Past Simple & Continuous:
3.Verbul la forma corectă:
1. When you (come in), I (talk) on the phone.
2. When I first (meet) him, he (work) in a bank.
3. While he (learn) to drive, he (have) an accident.
4. As I (write), someone (ring up).
5. Where you (go) when I (meet) you?
6. What you (do) this time yesterday?
7. When I (enter) the classroom, the teacher (write) on the blackboard.
8. When I (arrive), she (have) dinner.
9. This time last Sunday, I (watch) a film on TV.
10. He suddenly (realize) that he (not wear) his glasses.
4. Tradu:
1. Soarele nu a apus la ora 8 aseara.
2. Ai dormit bine noaptea trecuta?
3. Ieri nu am mers la bazinul de inot.
4. M-am sculat târziu ieri dimineata.
5. Duminica trecuta prietenii mei au jucat sah.
6. Ieri pe vremea asta ploua.
7. Ce faceai martea trecuta la ora 7 dimineata?
8. Ma pregateam sa merg la facultate.
9. In timp ce imi cautam pasaportul am gasit aceasta fotografie veche.
10. Baietii jucau carti când l-au auzit pe tatal lor intrând in casa.
11. Ei au ascuns imediat cartile si si-au scos manualele de scoala.
12. Când te-ai intors de la munte?
13. Când ai cumparat acest televizor?
14. Ieri mi-am pierdut manusile.
15. Batea un vânt puternic când am iesit din casa.
16. Unde ti-ai petrecut concediul vara trecuta?
17. Ieri m-am sculat devreme, mi-am luat micul dejun si apoi am plecat la scoală.
18. Acum doua zile am cazut si mi-am rupt piciorul.
19. Saptamâna trecuta am fost bolnav si nu am mers la scoala.
20. El a dat primul examen saptamâna trecuta.
21. Cine a câstigat meciul alaltăieri?
22. In timp ce ploua, eu conduceam masina spre Sinaia.
Present Perfect Simple & Continuous:
5. Present Perfect Simple sau Continuous sau Past Tense Simple in locul infinitivelor:
1. I (lose) my pen. You (not see) it anywhere? -No, I haven’t. When you (use) it last?
2. Your ever (try) to give up smoking? -Yes, I (try) last year but I (not succeed).
3. You (see) your mother this week? -No, she (leave) for Brasov a week ago.
4. You (be) out of work long?
5. I am not out of work now. I (get) a job last month.
6. I (wear) my hair long since I (be) a little girl.
7. She (change) a lot since I (see) her last.
8. I (do) a lot of work since I (get up) in the morning.
9. The child (play) the piano since I (return) from school.
10. It (rain) since we (leave) Bucharest.
11. He (be) very ill since the holidays (begin).
6. Tradu:
1. Cine te-a invatat sa vorbesti engleza atât de bine?
98
2. Unde ti-ai petrecut vacanta anul acesta?
3. M-am gândit adesea sa-mi iau carnet de conducere.
4. De cât timp inveti engleza?
5. Vremea s-a incalzit in ultimul timp.
6. El este ministru de doi ani.
7. Traduc un text de doua ore si nu l-am terminat inca.
8. El a scris numai doua scrisori de când a plecat in strainatate.
9. Un copil a spart geamul. Trebuie sa-l inlocuim.
10. Ninge de doua ore.
11. Am mers pe jos 10 km pâna acum.
12. Mergem pe jos de la ora 3.
13. De când mi-am cumparat masina, am mers arareori pe jos la slujba.
14. La ce te-ai uitat?
15. A fost un accident.
16. Cu cine ai votat la ultimele alegeri?
17. Nu am mers la vot. Am stat acasa si nu am regretat nici o clipa.
18. Ai vazut ziarul de azi?
19. A plecat John?
20. Da, a plecat acum o ora.
21. Ti-ai luat deja micul dejun?
22. Da, l-am luat la ora 8.
23. Ai mai fost in acest oras?
24. Da, am petrecut o luna aici, acum doi ani.
25. Ei lucreaza la aceasta casa de un an si nu au terminat-o inca.
Past Perfect Simple & Continuous
7. Verbele la Past Perfect Simple sau Continuous sau la Past Tense Simple:
1. The professor (speak) for 10 minutes when I (enter) the hall.
2. After John (listen to) the news bulletin, he (go) downstairs to have dinner.
3. He (tell) me he (be) to the theatre the day before.
4. We (ask) him what countries he (visit).
5. He (learn) English for two years before he (go) to England for the first time.
6. She just (go) out when I (call at) her house.
7. The river became deeper after it (rain) heavily for a few hours.
8. After John (leave), she (tell) me they (be) friends for five years.
9. After we (walk) for an hour, we (realize) we (lose) our way.
10. When I (find out) he (get married), I (ring up) him and (congratulate) him.
8. Tradu folosind Past Perfect Simple sau Continuous sau Past Tense Simple:
1. Mi-a parut rau ca il jignisem.
2. El mi-a multumit pentru ceea ce facusem pentru el.
3. De indata ce a terminat de scris lucrarea, a inmânat-o profesorului.
4. El nu facuse nimic inainte de a-mi cere mie sfatul.
5. De indata ce au plecat musafirii, am mers la culcare.
6. Când am ajuns la statia de autobuz, mi-am dat seama ca imi lasasem poseta acasa.
7. Secretara mi-a spus ca directorul vorbea la telefon de o jumatate de ora.
8. Ei mi-au spus ca locuiau in Franta din 1980.
9. Nu ti-am telefonat pentru ca am crezut ca plecasesi in strainatate.
10. Ei au calatorit in multe tari dupa ce s-au casatorit.
99
REPORTED SPEECH
Expression of time & place
Direct Reported
Today that day
Yesterday the day before
The day before yesterday two days before
Tomorrow the next/following day
The day after tomorrow in two days time
Next week/day/year... the following week/year…
Last week/year… the previous week/year…
A week/year ago a year before/the previous year.
Now then /that time
Modals:
Can could
May might
Must had to
Shall should
Will would
Demonstratives:
This that
These those
Here there
100
PRACTICE
A. Put the following into indirect speech using the given reporting verbs.
“We don’t like his attitude” (say)
“I’m not competent to give advice on this subject” (claim)
“Please tell us the latest news that you have heard” (request)
“Will you have supper with us after the performance tonight?” (wonder)
B. Put these statements using introductory verbs in the past.
“I have no reason not to believe you”
“I’ll pay a hundred and fifty”
“She’s been crying till she’s half blind” her mother reports
“Don’t go too deep into the water” she told her children
“They lie and steal and have to be watched all the time” she noted
“I’m looking for sunny side cottage. I don’t suppose you’ve heard of it”
“Don’t leave me here alone!”
“I shall never claim of any trouble to you”
“Mrs. Joe has been out a dozen times, looking for you, Pip”. “And she is out now.”
C. Rewrite in Reported Speech
1. ‘I watch a film on Saturdays.’ Caroline said
2. ‘He’s my best friend.’ Fred told me
3. ‘The scarf is in my bag.’ Janice said
4. ‘This film wasn’t very interesting.’ Tom told me
5. ‘This isn’t my school.’ Jerry said
6. ‘We’ll walk for half an hour’ Yesterday Jennifer told me
7. ‘These T-shirts don’t fit me.’ Mike said
8. ‘We’re parking our car here.’ They said
9. ‘It’s my boyfriend’s birthday party tomorrow.’ Helen told me
10. ‘I think there will be a students’ meeting very soon.’ He said
11. ‘It’s difficult to finish this project this week.’ The students said
12. ‘I’m not busy now.’ Alicia told me
13. ‘I don’t want these CDs anymore.’ My brother said
14. ‘We feel fine now.’ The girls said
15. ‘We’re going to the shopping today.’ My parents told me
16. ‘She had finished her homework when I arrived.’ Mary said
17. ‘I often think about my future.’ Marik said
18. ‘I go the doctor tomorrow. I am not feeling well’ Helen said
D. Make indirect sentences in the past.
1
1) 'When did you buy this television set?' Frank to Jenny
2) 'Why will you plant trees in the garden?' Mr Ford to Lola
3) 'Let's play basketball.' I to Ben
4) 'I met your mother yesterday.' Mrs Gibson to Dave
5) 'What is the capital of India?' Sally to Rob
6) 'Tidy your room, children.' Mother
7) 'You are standing on my foot now.' Sally to Rob
8) 'Will you help me with my homework?' Sally to Rob
9) 'Meet me in front of the cinema.' Frank to Jenny
10) 'Were you looking after your little sister yesterday, Julie? Frank
2
1. “I spent a lot last Friday”, she said
2. “I worked hard last week”, he said
101
3. “You have extra lessons this week”, they told us
4. “I’ve won a fortune on the football pools”, my uncle said
5. “Mrs Johnson isn’t at work today because she is ill”, the secretary said
6. “I’m going to buy a car tomorrow”, he told me
7. “I don’t have much money”, Tony told me
8. “It may rain at the weekend”, he said
3
1. “Who’s that girl?” , I asked
2. “What’s your name?”, the boy asked me
3. “Do you have any brothers or sisters?”, I asked her
4. “Did you hear that explosion?”, they asked us
5. “Have you spent all your money?”, his mother asked
6. “ When did Peter get up?”, I asked them
7. “Where have they gone?”, she asked me
8. “Do you think it will rain tomorrow?” I asked him
4
1. “Don’t touch that”, my mum said (tell)
2. “Have a rest!” She said (tell)
3. “Please, don’t drive so fast” his wife said (ask)
4. “ Don’t tell anybody” I said (warn)
5. “Give this to your brother”, my father said (tell)
6. “Would you like to go on holiday with us?” they said (invite)
7. “Don’t forget to post the letter” she said (remind)
8. “If I were you, I wouldn’t take the job” she told him (advise)
9. “Let’s walk instead of waiting for the bus”, Philip said
102
PRACTICE II
I. Complete the sentences in reported speech.
1. He said, "I like this song."
→ He said ……………………………………………………………………………...............
2. "Where is your sister?" she asked me.
→ She asked me ……………………………………………………………………………..…
3. "I don't speak Italian," she said.
→ She said ……………………………………………………………………………………..
4. "Say hello to Jim," they said.
→ They asked me ……………………………………………………………………………...
5. "The film began at seven o'clock," he said.
→ He said ……………………………………………………………………………………...
6. "Peter, do you prefer tea or coffee?" she says.
→ She asks Peter……………………………………………………………………………….
7. "Where have you spent your money?" she asked him.
→ She asked him ………………………………………………………………………………
8. "I never make mistakes," he said.
→ He said ……………………………………………………………………………………...
9. "Does she know Robert?" he wanted to know.
→ He wanted to know …………………………………………………………………………
10. "Don't try this at home," the stuntman told the audience.
→ The stuntman advised the audience ………………………………………………………...
III. Rewrite the sentences into reported speech. Use the verbs in brackets.
1. “Why don’t we go to Brazil on holiday next summer?! (suggest)
Paul …………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. “I’m not wearing this dress for the party, definitely!” (refuse)
Carol ………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. “The new teacher will start teaching next week.” (announce)
The headmaster ………………………………………………………………………………………….
4. “Where are you going so fast, Sally?” (want to know)
Dave ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
5. “Don’t make so much noise, children or the neighbours will phone the police now.” (tell)
Dad …………………………………………………………………………………………………….
6. “Can you make me some coffee please, I’m exhausted.” (ask).
Mum ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
7. “The Smiths have bought a new car this morning.” (say)
Alice …………………………………………………………………………………………………………
8. “I wouldn’t miss my lessons if I were you, Tom.” (advise)
Emily ………………………………………………………………………………………………………
9. “We’re so sorry for being late, but we couldn’t park the car as soon as we expected.”
(apologize)
They …………………………………………………………………………………………………………
10. “My sister studies at London University this year.” (comment)
Tom ………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
11. Where did you put your iPod, Sue?” (be interested in knowing)
Lewis ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
12. “OK, Tony, I’ll give you a lift to the airport.” (agree)
Paul …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
13. “You can’t enter the library if you haven’t got your card.” (prohibit)
The librarian …………………………………………………………………………………………………
14. “Are you ready to leave now, Andy?” (ask)
Mary ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
15. “I’m going to buy a present for my mum this evening.” (say)
Alice ………………………………………………………………………………………………..
104
Donald wanted to know
7. “Let’s have a party to celebrate Halloween with our friends.”
Becky suggested
8. “I won’t forget to buy the food you want for tonight’s dinner, Mike.”
Helen promised
9. “We must do our homework every day or our teachers get angry.”
Dave said
10. “Do you want something to eat, Jim?”
Carols asked
11. “I’m sorry, I can’t pay for your meal, Sarah, I’m broke.”
Terry apologised
12. “What’s the weather like in Paris now?
The holidaymakers wanted to know
13. “You can’t use the lift, Dick, you aren’t old enough.”
The porter ordered
14. “How did you find out about my affair, Carrie?
Carrie’s husband was interested in knowing
15. “It’s going to rain tomorrow.”
The weatherman announced
16. “Can you make coffee for me, Susan?”
Tom asked
105
IF CLAUSE
Fraza condiţională de tipul 1
O frază condiţională de tipul 1 se referă la o condiţie posibilă în viitor şi la rezultatul
probabil al acesteia. Ea implică obţinerea unui anumit rezultat prin indeplinirea unei condiţii date.
Folosim timpul prezent in subordonata condiţionala(pentru exprimarea condiţiei) si viitorul in propoziţia
principală (pentru exprimarea rezultatului).
PROPOZIŢIA PRINCIPALĂ PROPOZIŢIA CONDIŢIONALĂ
SIMPLE FUTURE SIMPLE PRESENT
He will pass the exam if he studies.
El va lua examenul dacă va învăţa.
106
PRACTICE
I. Fill in the best form of the verb/phrase to make conditionals types 0/1/2/3.
1.- I don’t think she’s worried about us. If she (be) worried, she (phone) or something.
2.- I have an appointment at 3.30 tomorrow. If I (manage) to finish before 4.30, I (do) the shopping on my way back.
3.- Tom missed his flight. He (get) to the airport on time if he (not oversleep).
4.- If I (have) such a large house as yours, I (invite) all my friends for the weekend.
5.- If the child (not be playing) with matches, he (not burn) himself. Now he’s in hospital.
6.- She’s so shy. If she (talk) to people, she (make) friends.
7.- So, you’re seeing Terry tonight. If he (ask) you about me, (not, tell) him I’m going out with John.
8.- If a machine (be) properly maintained, it (fail, never)
9.- We (invite) him if we (know) his address, but he never gave it to us.
10.- Unless I (have) a problem, I (bother, never) my friends.
11.- You’re very strong. If you (try) you (win) your opponent.
12.- Look what you’ve done. If you (be) careful, you (not, break) all those glasses.
13.- I was so stupid! Nothing (happened) if I (not, moved) to his flat.
14.- She’s a bit short. If she (be) taller she (can) play basket.
15.- Sorry. I (lend) you the money you need if I (have) it.
16.- The bus is full up. If there (be) an empty seat, I (sit) down.
17.- Why didn’t you go to the police station? If you (report) the theft, they (can arrest) the robbers.
18.- I (leave) him a message but he (not, be) home when I phoned.
108
13. I would eat your adorable meatloaf if I _____________ (not / be) a vegetarian.
14. If you _______________ (teach) me how to dance, I would learn it fast.
109
INTERIM EVAL 1
PART 1 - Reading Comprehension
Hot dog eating champion retains title after tiebreaker
Friday, July 4, 2008
For the second year in a row, American competitive eater Joey Chestnut defeated his Japanese
rival Takeru Kobayashi at the annual Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Contest in New York City, after a tie
forced a five-hot-dog eat-off to be held.
After ten minutes of hot dog eating, two shorter than in previous years, Chestnut and Kobayashi
were tied at 59 frankfurters. But after the rare tiebreaker, 24-year-old Chestnut emerged as the winner,
claiming a $10,000 prize and a mustard-yellow belt. "It was crazy," he said. "I'm just a normal guy eating
hot dogs on the Fourth. You can't overcomplicate it."
Kobayashi, whose loss last year shattered a six-year winning streak, said that a sore jaw and a
tooth problem may have altered his performance. "If I put one more mouthful in, I could have won", the
30-year-old Nagano native said through a translator. "I lost because I wasn't quick enough in the
rematch."
This year, the 22 competitors were under a 10-minute time limit, unlike the 12 minutes used for
previous contests. The reason for this, according to Nathan's, was the discovery of a document from 1916,
which revealed that the original competition was 10 minutes long.
Thousands gathered at Coney Island to watch the annual event, which has become one of the more
colorful traditions of America's Independence Day.
1. Who won the contest last year? D. The text does not say
A. Takeru Kobayashi 7. Who won the contest two years ago and in
B. Joey Chestnut the five years before that?
C. First there was a tie, then Chestnut A. Takeru Kobayashi
won B. Joey Chestnut
D. The text does not say C. Somebody else
2. Who came second last year? D. The text does not say
A. Takeru Kobayashi 8. How long was the contest in 1916?
B. Joey Chestnut A. Under 10 minutes
C. Somebody else B. 10 minutes
D. The text does not say C. 12 minutes
3. How long was the competition this year? D. The text does not say
A. 10 minutes 9. Where is Takeru Kobayashi from?
B. 12 minutes A. Coney Island
C. More than 10 minutes B. Nagano
D. The text does not say C. New York
4. How long was the competition last year? D. None of the above
A. 8 minutes 10. Where is Joey Chestnut from?
B. 10 minutes A. Coney Island
C. 12 minutes B. Nagano
D. The text does not say C. New York
5. How many hot dogs did Joey Chestnut eat in D. None of the above
the whole of the final? 11. On what occasion is the contest held?
A. 59 A. Coney Island's birthday
B. 64 B. The discovery of a document in
C. Between 59 and 64 1916
D. The text does not say C. Independence Day
6. How many hot dogs did Takeru Kobayashi D. None of the above
eat in the whole of the final? 12. Which sentence is true for Kobayashi?
A. 59 A. He said he had health problems
B. 64 after the contest
C. Between 59 and 64 B. He didn't speak English
110
C. He said the rematch wasn't fair D. None of the above
111
c) it was c) up
d) 0 d) down
20. …… you see Anna, could you ask her to call me? 30. Alex earns very little as a classical pianist, …. his
a) If only brother's pop musicals have made millions.
b) Unless a) compared with
c) Should b) whereas
d) Would c) in spite of
21. ………..the problem, he ……those stupid d) since
questions. 31. The …… of better living conditions in Europe
a) If he understands, wouldn't ask has long been a desire for most of the countries.
b) If he had understood, weren't asking a) necessity
c) Had he understood, wouldn't have asked b) congregation
d) Should he understand, needn't have asked c) association
22. Surely you are not ……. Jane Fonda, are you? d) concomitance
a) the 32. The country longs to be free of colonial….
b) 0 a) dominance
c) very b) domination
d) the one c) dominion
23. You never say what you're thinking, …… you? d) domain
a) don't 33. The king enjoyed a long …., and was ….by his
b) do daughter Elizabeth.
c) haven't a) kingship, sequenced
d) are b) realm, followed
24. You'll be leaving for Venice soon,………..? c) reign, succeeded
a) aren't you d) living, tracked
b) won't you 34. I woke up screaming after having a terrible......
c) don't you a) nightfall
d) shall you b) nightshift
25. Sean Connery was awarded a knighthood in c) midnight
recognition …... his work and charity. d) nightmare
a) to 35. She's a sociable girl with lots of friends. …… she
b) of can get lonely, like anyone else.
c) for a) Even so
d) at b) Furthermore
26. …… the time I got there, I found out that the c) To some extent
tickets were sold out. d) In the first place
a) On 36. No-one can find Helen or her son …..
b) By a) somewhere
c) In b) nowhere
d) At c) anywhere
27. I can't understand why he is always …… dispute d) everywhere
with his wife. 37. We lived ……the next village.
a) on a) far from
b) at b) far away
c) in c) off from
d) of d) farther of
28. The new play didn't come …… expectation. 38. She felt ……….about leaving him
a) to a) pretty badly
b) up against b) pretty bad
c) up to c) rather badly
d) about d) badly enough
29. Deanna broke …… and wept when she heard the 39. They feel very lonely. They talk to …… a lot.
bad news. a) each other
a) out b) one another
b) off c) themselves
112
d) them b) stroke
40. …… people like the sea; others prefer the c) struck
mountains. d) striked
a) Them 45. …Pacific Ocean is….largest body of water
b) Every on….Earth.
c) Any a) 0, the, 0
d) Some b) 0, the, the
41. I'd like to see the old house, ………she told me c) The, 0, 0
about when we last met. d) The, the, 0
a) that 46. ….football was fast becoming ….popular sport
b) who worldwide.
c) which a) The, a
d) of which b) 0, the
42. Here's the money, you can go and buy …..a car. c) The, the
a) for yourself d) 0, a
b) on yourself 47. The head of the party said he …… the behaviour
c) yourself of the demonstrators.
d) to yourself a) offended
43. So far researchers have not …... a way to fight the b) reproached
virus. c) stressed
a) finded d) deplored
b) find 48. The old railway line has been …… as far as the
c) founded new airport.
d) found a) extended
44. She took two quick steps forward and …… him b) expanded
across the mouth. c) enlarged
a) stroked d) augmented
113
ACTIVE VOICE – PASSIVE VOICE
(A) Doar verbele tranzitive (cele care primesc un complement pentru a le întregi sensul) pot fi
puse la diateză pasivă. Ex.
(i) She ate an apple. (=vb. tranzitiv) An apple was eaten by her.
(ii) The tree grows. (=vb. intranzitiv) Can’t be changed into passive.
(C) Când se tranformă propoziţia din activ în pasiv se modifică şi structura predicatului:
NO. TENSE ACTIVE PASSIVE
1 Simple Present Tense Write/s Is/am/are + written
2 Simple Past Tense wrote Was/were + written
3 Simple Future Tense Will write Will + be + written
4 Present Continuous Tense Is/am/are writing Is/am/are + being + written
5 Past Continuous Tense Was/were writing Was/were + being + written
6 Future Continuous Tense Will be writing Will be writing (No Changes)
7 Present Perfect Tense Has/have written Has/have + been + written
8 Past Perfect Tense Had written Had + been + written
9 Future Perfect Tense Will have written Will + have + been + written
114
10 Infinitive Form To write To + be + written
11 Modal Auxiliary May/might/shall/should … May/might/shall/should … + be
+ write + written
12 Imperative Sentences Write that letter Let + that letter + be + written
13 Sentences with ‘LET’ Let her write a letter Let + that letter + be + written
14 Miscellaneous It is said … He is said to …
15 Miscellaneous Everyone predicts that... It is predicted that …
(D) Conjuncţii ca ‘by’, ‘with’, ‘to’, ‘in’ etc. apar în faţa complementelor (de agent) în diateza
pasivă. Exemple:
(i) A saw cut the tree. (Active)
The tree was cut with a saw. [cram, crowd, decorate, fill, flood throng]
(ii) I know him. (Active)
He is known to me. (Passive)
(iii) This rack contains 200 books. (Active)
200 books are contained in this rack. (Passive)
(iv) Nila wrote a nice letter. (Active)
A nice letter was written by Nila. (Passive)
(E) Uneori propoziţia la diateză pasivă nu precizezază cine face acţiunea (subiectul). Prin
urmare, atunci când tranformăm în activ aproximăm cine ar putea fi autorul acţiunii.
Example:
(i) Our house was broken into last night. (Passive)
Some burglars broke into our house last night. (Active)
Some information was given to the police by a witness. (Passive) --- (B)
1
Notă: De obicei se proferă varianta în care subiectul este o persoană şi nu un lucru, prin
urmare varianta A este preferată în cazul exemplului de mai sus.
(G) Atunci când folosim adverbe de timp, mod sau frecvenţă de obicei acestea apar după primul
auxiliar al predicatului, de ex.
1. We are always taught to be kind and honest.
2. Shyam and Raju have seldom been seen at the gym.
3. The carpets are often put out to air in the sun.
(H) Când se transformă o locuţiune verbală (verb + preposition OR verb + adverb) din activ în
pasiv este important să nu omitem adverbul sau prepoziţia care intră în structura acestuia,
de ex:
A. Coca Cola took over the brand Thumbs up in the last decade of 20th century.
P. The brand Thumbs up was taken over by Coca Cola in the last decade of 20th cen.
115
LET’S PRACTICE!
(A) (Simple Present) Turtles _________ (find) in all the warm oceans of the world. Turtle’s nests
_________ (make) at night on sandy beaches. About one hundred eggs _________ (lay) in each nest.
However, nesting turtles _________ (often disturb) by noise and light of the discos. When the babies
leave the nest for the sea, they follow the light of the moon. But if they _________ (distract) by hotel
lights, they move in the wrong direction. Babies who lose their way on the beach _________ (often kill)
by birds. If they reach the sea, they _________ (sometimes injure) or even killed by speedboats.
(B) (A/P) People all over the world _________ (drink) tea. It _________ (suppose) to be a very
refreshing drink. It _________ (also offer) to the guests as a mark of courtesy. To make tea _________
(be) quite easy. Tea leaves _________ (take) in a teapot and boiling water _________ (pour) over them.
The teapot _________ (keep) aside for a couple of minutes. Meanwhile milk _________ (boil) in another
pot. Now tea water _________ (pour) into a cup. Milk and sugar _________ (add) to it according to one’s
taste. And a refreshing cup of tea _________ (be) ready.
(C)
1. Gerry has fed the cat this morning.
The cat
2. They always announce the result of the exam in June.
The result…
3. Students don't speak English in class.
English…
4. My wallet was taken by a thief.
A thief…
5. Thomas Edison didn’t invent the light bulb in 1867.
The light bulb…
6. The bedrooms have been cleaned by the maid.
The maid…
7. The boys offered the girls some help.
* The girl…
* Some…
8. Helen is not making us dinner tonight.
* Dinner…
* We…
9. A hail storm destroyed many homes last week.
Many homes…
10. Notebooks are going to be bought for the school.
We…
11. Farmers had often used pesticides when planting corn.
Pesticides…
12. Cricket is not played in America.
People…
13. Sherry can listen to music in every room of her home.
Music…
14. Leonardo da Vinci painted the Mona Lisa in Venice.
The Mona Lisa…
15. My students have given me a cherry tree for my garden.
*I…
* A cherry tree …
116
(D) (Simple Past) Last summer Tom went camping with Boy Scouts. First, the ground _________
(clear) of stones and plants. The tents _________ (put up) in a circle. A special shelf _________ (make) in
each tent 4 inches off the ground. The suitcases and sleeping bags _________ (put) on this shelf. Wood
_________ (collect) and _________ (place) in the centre of the circle for fire. The kitchen tent
_________ (put up) near the sleeping tents. All the food _________ (put) inside this tent to keep it safe.
The boys stayed in this camp for eight days.
(E) (A/P) Let me tell you of a country where planting trees _________ (be) an essential part of life.
This country is Israel. In Israel, in the days gone by, fathers _________ (plant) trees when their children
_________ (bear). A cedar tree _________ (plant) if the child ________ (be) a boy, for cedars are usually
tall and strong. But if the child _________ (be) a girl, the father _________ (plant) a cypress tree, for
cypress suggests softness and sweetness. The children _________ (look) after these trees until they
_________ (get) married. At the marriage ceremony, branches from these trees _________ (cut) to hold
up the wedding tent.
(F) Put the verb into the correct form, present simple or past simple, active or passive.
(1) It is a big factory. Five hundred people _________ (employ) there.
(2) _________ (somebody/clean) this room yesterday?
(3) Water _________ (cover) most of the earth’s surface.
(4) How much of the earth’s surface _________ (cover) by water?
(5) The park gates _________ (lock) at 6.30 p.m. every evening.
(6) The letter _________ (post) a week ago and it _________ (arrive) yesterday.
(7) The boat hit a rock and _________ (sink) quickly. Fortunately everybody _________
(rescue).
(8) Richard’s parents _________ (die) when he was very young. He and his sister _________
(bring up) by their grand parents.
(9) I was born in London, but I _________ (grow up) in Canada.
(10) While I was on holiday, my camera _________ (steal) from my hotel room.
(11) While I was on holiday, my camera _________ (disappear) from my hotel room.
(12) Why _________ (Sue/resign) from her job? Didn’t she enjoy it?
(13) Why _________ (Bill/sack) from his job? What did he do wrong?
(14) The company is not independent. It ________ (own) by a much larger company.
(15) I saw an accident last night. Somebody _________ (call) an ambulance but nobody
_________ (injure), so the ambulance_________ (not/need).
(16) Where _________ (these photographs/take)? In London? _________ (you/take) them, or
somebody else?
(17) Sometimes it is quite noisy living here, but it is not problem for me – I _________
(not/bother) by it.
(G) (Simple Future) Mrs. Lal is the headmistress of a big school. The students of her school are
going to stage a play Mrs. Lal is talking to the director.
Mrs. Lal: Have the boy’s costumes been made?
Director: They _________ (make) by the end of this week.
Mrs. Lal: What about the girl’s dress?
Director: They _________ (finish) tomorrow.
Mrs. Lal: Have the curtains been mended?
Director: I don’t think they _________ (mend) until Thursday.
Mrs. Lal: What about the chairs?
Director: I think they _________ (sell) in a couple of days.
117
(H) Rewrite the sentences into the passive voice:
1. Pam has given Terry a new iPad.
Terry ______________________________________
2. The plumber repaired our heating yesterday.
We had ____________________________________
3. The children are going to draw some animals.
Some animals _______________________________
4. People believed that the Prime Minister lied about the crisis.
It __________________________________________
5. Paul rejected Mandy’s wedding invitation.
Mandy’s _____________________________________
6. The optician will test my grandfather’s eyes next month.
My grandfather _____________________________
7. Does the museum open on Sunday afternoon?
Is ___________________________________________
8. Every candidate has to attend an interview.
An interview ________________________________
9. Consumers say that the cost of living has shot up lately.
The cost of living _____________________________
10. How much does your family spend on Christmas presents?
How much __________________________________
11. Some students haven’t handed in the history essays yet.
The history essays ___________________________
12. This restaurant serves a cheap menu on weekdays.
A cheap menu _______________________________
13. The teacher didn’t allow us to leave before 2:30 p.m.
We __________________________________________
14. The farmer is milking the cow.
The cow _____________________________________
15. Dad made Sue clear the table.
Sue _________________________________________
16. S & S sells nice shoes at reasonable prices.
Nice shoes ___________________________________
(I) (Mixed) Last summer, I took an airplane flight from London to New York. I _________ (board)
the plane at Croydon Airfield and, from that moment on, my life _________ (arrange) for me by the flight
attendants on the trip. First, I _________ (direct) to my seat by the flight attendants. Then, when the plane
_________ (be) ready to take off, the other passengers and I _________ (tell) to fasten our seat belts.
Next, we _________ (advise) where the emergency exits were. I _________ (make) sure that I
_________ (give) a seat next to an exit.
A few minutes after take off, magazines and newspapers _________ (distribute). Because my ears hurt, I
_________ (take) out some gum to chew. Next, we _________ (give) instructions on what to do in case of
an emergency. I _________ (pay) two dollars for some earphones, which I _________ (use) later to watch
the movie.
Before dinner, we _________ (ask) if we _________ (want) a cocktail. Dinner _________ (serve) on a
tray, and it _________ (be + not) too bad; it was chicken. We _________ (permit) to have a refill on any
beverage.
After dinner, we _________ (show) a funny movie. When I _________ (feel) cold, I _________ (give) a
blanket, and when I felt airsick, I _________ (give) a paper bag. Everything _________ (do) for the
118
comfort of the passengers. When the plane _________ (land), I _________ (be) sorry to have to leave and
start doing things for myself again.
(J) (Mixed) Four burglars have escaped from custody only hours after _________ (sentence) to ten
years in prison. They _________ (transfer) from the law courts in Manchester to Strangeways Prison.
They _________ (find) guilty of stealing electrical goods and money from shops in the Manchester area.
It _________ (think) that they were all members of the same gang. They escaped from the van in which
they _________ (transport), when the driver _________ (force) to stop because of a tree across the road.
It _________ (believe) that the tree _________ (place) by other members of the gang, who _________
(inform) of the route _________ (take) by the van. A full investigation of the events leading to escape
_________ (order) and anyone with information _________ (ask) to contact the police to help with their
enquiries.
(K) Twenty five years ago, my father ______ (join) a well known law firm as a junior lawyer. Dad
______ (dedicate) and smart and he ______ (rise) quickly in the firm. Soon after, the firm ______
(employ) Mum as the personal assistant to the manager. Dad and Mum ______ (fall) in love and ______
(get) married six months later.
Today, Dad ______ (hold) the position of a senior partner in the firm. My parents ______ (raise) three
children. They ______ (give) us plenty of love, encouragement and sound advice when we were young.
We ______ always ______ (be) grateful to them.
Next Friday, my parents ______ (celebrate) their silver wedding anniversary. My brothers and I ______
(compare) an evening of entertainment. We ______ (present) them with gifts to cherish as mementos.
(L) Fill in the blanks with the correct passive form of the verb in brackets.
(1) A government minister _________ (find) guilty of fraud yesterday.
(2) It was a lovely surprise to find all the washing-up _________ (do) while I was asleep.
(3) These souvenirs _________ (make) by children from the local school.
(4) I didn’t come here in order _________ (make) a fool of!
(5) The votes _________ (count) right now and we should know the result before midnight.
(6) This parcel appears _________ (open) before it _________ (deliver).
(7) As he _________ (sack) from his previous job, he found it hard to get another.
(8) The judges still have to decide which design _________ (award) the top prize.
(9) Many accidents _________ (cause) by dangerous driving.
(10) Cheese _________ (make) from milk.
(11) The roof of the building _________ (damage) in a storm a few days ago.
(12) You _________ (invite) to the wedding. Why didn’t you go?
(13) A cinema is a place where films _________ (show).
(14) In the US, elections for president _________ (hold) every four years.
(15) Originally the book _________ (write) in Spanish, and a few years ago it _________
(translate) into English.
(16) Although we were driving quite fast, we _________ (overtake) by a lot of other cars.
(17) You can’t see the house from the road. It _________ (surround) by trees.
(18) The situation is serious, something must _________ (do) before it’s too late.
(19) I haven’t received that letter. That might _________ (send) to the wrong address.
(20) A decision will not _________ (make) until the next meeting.
(21) Do you think that more money should _________ (spend) on education?
(22) This road is in very bad condition. It should _________ (repair) a long time ago.
(23) The injured man couldn’t walk and had to _________ (carry).
(24) It is not certain how the fire started. But it might _________ (cause) by an electrical fault.
(25) I told the hotel receptionist I wanted to _________ (wake) at 6.30 the next morning.
119
(26) If you hadn’t pushed the policeman you wouldn’t _________ (arrest).
(M) Rewrite these sentences in Active Voice. Supply the subject yourself wherever needed:
1. Her sweet will never be heard again in this hall.
2. Superstitions are still believed in.
3. These instructions can be easily understood.
4. The account had already been checked by me.
5. Living conditions are being gradually improved.
6. It is often said that honesty pays in the long run.
7. The late comers shouldn’t be permitted into the examination hall.
8. Was the patient requested to wait?
9. What are you being disturbed by?
10. How many candidates were called for interview?
11. Rotten eggs and tomatoes were thrown at the speaker.
120
20. This magazine contains much useful information.
21. Why were they paying us so little?
22. By 5 p.m., the guide had shown us all the places of historical interest.
23. Do you deal in sports goods also?
24. A senior student of her school gives her judo lessons.
25. We expect our students to behave properly.
26. Who has packed my luggage?
121
n. In underdeveloped countries everyone wastes and throws away useful objects.
Useful objects _____________________________________________
o. Everybody should pass their bottles on to others when they no longer use them.
Bottles ___________________________________________________
122
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. How long___________ your car? 12. Although students ____ Everton are ____
a. are you having in their early __, we are accepting more and more
b. have you had ___ applicants.
c. you are having a. attend, generally, twenty, older
2. After___________ some time with my b. attending, generally, twenties,
family, I traveled to London older
a. spending c. attending, generally, twenties,
b. have spent olders
c. have spending 13. Ideally, they_____have completed_______
3. Would you mind___________ the book I one year_______university.
gave you? a. should, at last, in
a. to return b. must, as least, at
b. returning c. should, at least, in
c. to returning 14. Although I made_________ impression
4. I don’t feel__________ to the cinema. during my job interview, I don’t think I’m going to
a. to going be hired
b. like going a. a successful
c. to go b. an important
5. I______ him for years. c. a favorable
a. have known 15. I’d like you to_____ some recent
b. know photos__________ you write to me.
c. have been knowing a. enclose, next time
6. _________ it went dark, I began to feel b. enter, next time
afraid. c. enclose, , the next time
a. While 16. In his speech, the president ______ the
b. As soon as importance_________our productivity
c. Until a. pointed, of increasing
7. Don’t work so hard. You _______very b. stressed, of to increase
tired. c. stressed, of increasing
a. look as if 17. “Why aren’t you working?”
b. looking as if “Because I don’t know what________”
c. look a. do I do
8. The people_____________ house we’re b. am I doing
staying in live in England. c. to do
a. whitch 18. If you follow the____________you’ll learn
b. whose how to operate this stereo system.
c. where a. writings
9. I haven’t finished my homework________. b. descriptions
a. already c. instructions
b. still 19. “I work as a journalist for a national
c. yet newspaper”.
10. I____________ in California when I met “That___________a really interesting job”.
my friend Joe. a. must be
a. worker b. would have been
b. was working c. will be
c. working 20. “You probably get a really great salary”.
11. Can you ______________the keys when “I’m not really as__________as you think Iam”
you get home? a. paid well
a. give to her b. well paid
b. give her c. well paying
c. to give her 21. “ What sort of job are you looking for?”
123
“I’d like to have a job_________use the a. was
foreign languages I know” b. were
a. that can c. is
b. where to 32. You ____obviously ______ill for several days.
c. where I can a. have, been
22. “How good are you at keeping deadlines?” b. had, be
“I always finish my work when I_________.” c. has, been
a. am supposing 33. What did she say? She said she __to talk to you.
b. am supposed to a. doesn’t have
c. have suppose b. aren’t about
23. I bought a c. didn’t want
_______,_______,_________sweater. 34. It is dreadful having ______a
a. red, new, woolen room with her. She is so untidy!
b. woolen, new, red a. sharing
c. new, red, wollen b. to share
24. I’d like to ask you some questions about c. to stay
your_________background. 35. Can you really_________to
a. education buy that CD__________now?
b. educational a. affrord, recorder
c. educated b. afford, players
25. “You’re late” c. afford, player
“I_________ here faster because there 36. ______ you ring me to let
was such a heavy traffic”. me_________you_______safely?
a. can’t get a. should, know, ‘re
b. wasn’t getting b can, know, are
c. couldn’t get c. can, know, would be
26. I wonder__________you’d mind lending 37. Why____Andrew_______mistakes all the time?
me your calculator a. does, make
a. how b. is, making
b. whether c. -, makes
c. when 38. How do you get_____ _____ your
27. “Anne’s not here now, but I can take a parents?
message for her.” a. -, with
. “O.K. Please___________her to call b. well, with
Joe at eight o’clock” c. on, with
a. to tell 39. What sort of_________car has
b. could you Christine__________this time?
tell a. -, buy
c. tell b. a, buy
28. I work_______ small ________company. c. -, bought
a. for, publishing 40. My sister had always______self-
b. in a, publishing conscious about_______nose so she decided to go
c. for a, publishing to________clinic _________an
29. The company has_________an office in operation__________will straighten it.
Paris. a. been, her, a, for, which
a. opened b. be, his, a, for, who
b. oppened c. been, her, the, for, who
c. open 41. You________be very proud of your
30. I have been_________to run a new office son________so many prizes.
_________Paris. a. will, to win
a. chose, in the b. will, wining
b. chosen, in c. must, winning
c. choosen, at 42. We thought our cousins_______ us when
31.Alexandra said she__________their marketing they were in town last week, but they didn’t even
manager. phone. I suppose they________too busy.
124
a. would pay a visit, are all c. have been interested,
the time voting
b. would visit, must have 53. They are ___________ good friends,
been I_________ I had a car to see them more often.
c. will visit, are a. such, wish
43. I have just_______the garage to check b. my, want
whether they’ve__________my car, but c. -, wanted
I_________get an answer. 54. I___________ never manage to remember
a. rung, fixed, can’t how________that door.
b. ring, fixed, cannot a. can, to open
c. rung, fix, cannot b. will, oppening
44. Why did you walk all the way from the c. cannot, to open
station? You_________for a lift. 55. In the USA, young__________ are lucky
a. had to phoned to__________to drive at sixteen in some states.
b. could have phoned a. peoples, can
c. should to ring me up b. people, be allowed
45. The expenses will c. people, allow
be_________by__________taxpayer. 56. I________ two years in
a. supported, the __________United States several years ago.
b. borne, the a. spent, -
c. borne, those b. spend, -
46. It is one of___________cities in England. c. spent, the
a. most polluted 57. She _________ alone for ten years, since
b. the most polluted her parents’death.
c. polluted a. has been living
47. The___________of the negotiations is b. has been leaving
uncertain yet. c. had been leaving
a. results 58. Whatever arguments the Union leader
b. rules used in_________speech, he_________failed to
c. outcome convince ________ nation.
48. He finally __________to get in touch with him. a. his, has, the
a. succeede b. his, has, a
b managed c. her, her, the
c. succeeded 59. Are you
49. There__________great_________betwee interested__________photography?
n the two countries. Close relations a. for
__________between them. b. in
a. are, differences, exist c. at
b. are, difference, exists 60. I prefer travelling by airplane_________
c. is a, difference, are it’s usually faster and more__________than other
50. She is _________ French and American. means of transportation.
a. both a. although, comfortable
b. also b. since, comfortable
c. too c. furthermore, suitable
51. He should________ the waiter a bigger 61. It was your birthday yesterday,
tip. _________?
a. given a. wasn’t it
b. have given b. didn’t
c. gave c. or it wasn’t
52. He__________in politics since the last 62. “ Where will we be able to have lunch?”
________. “ Don’t worry . There are a lot of nice
a. was interested, elections places________ downtown.”
b. has been interested, a. for us eating
elections b. for eat at
c. for eating
125
63. “What would you do if you lost your c. give off
job?” 74. _____________ of them could win the
“I guess _________another one.” quiz. It was very difficult.
a. I would have looked for a. either
b. I would look for b. neither
c. To look for c. both
64. “ Why have you decided not to buy the 75. Flight nineteen from Paris is now arriving
car?” at ___________.
“Because I ____________.” a. gate two
a. don’t afford it b. the gate two
b. can’t afford it c. the second gate
c. can’t afford 76. The greater the demand,
65. If you __________an effort, you will ____________the price.
finish your work by two o’clock. a. the highest
a. try b. higher
b. make c. the higher
c. do 77. The Oxford University was__________in
66. John is a very _____friend of mine and the thirteenth century.
we’ve known each other for years. a. founded
a. near b. found
b. firm c. renovated
c. close 78. We__________ swim near windsurfers.
67. I’ve been asked to be the_________ of a. wouldn’t
ceremonies at our school’s graduation dinner. b. oughtn’t
a. leader c. shouldn’t
b. speaker 79. We never stop____________a language.
c. master a. learning
68. Your money will be______ if you are not b. learn
satisfied with our service. c. to learn
a. rejoined 80. If I _____________you, I’d write that
b. refunded letter straight away.
c. restored a. have been
69. It is healthier to eat apples without b. had been
____________ them. c. were
a. cleaning 81. I don’t want to cook. Let’s buy
b. undoing some__________food
c. peeling a. take home
70. Most of the tenants who_________in our b. take away
apartament building are students. c. take off
a. rent 82. They have some very
b. reside lovely___________in their garden.
c. set a. booths
71. My teacher always _________me on the b. bushes
back whenever I do good work. c. wigs
a. hits
b. pats 83. His uncle’s son is his ___________.
c. hands a. brother-in –law
72. He couldn’t listen to his walkman because b. nephew
his mother had_________the batteries. c. cousin
a. tied 84. He contributed a great deal to the
b. removed development of our culture_________-.
c. changed a. writing, as a teacher and
73. I can’t do this puzzle. I ____________! lecturer
a. give out b. writing, teaching and
b. give up lecturing
126
c. writing, teaching and as a
lecturer
85. “ According to a recent report, the number of automobile accidents has actually gone down. The reason
for this decrease can be attributed to better driver education.”
Based an the above astatements, there are fewer car accidents, because:
a. there are better cars on the road
b. drivers are better trained
c. drivers are very educated
86. “ Ticket prices: $30.000One Way- All Destinations, out of which:
- 50%discount for night-time trips;
- Passengers who are 18 years of age and younger pay 90%of the fare;
- Passengers who are 5 years the age and younger travel free-of-charge.
How much would you pay if you were sixteen years old?
a. more than $20.000
b. less than $15.000
c. 10% off the regular fare
87. “ I’m fictional character in a play by Shakespeare. I live in Verona.
My family are the swor enemies of the Montagues, but unfortunately I am madly in love with one of
them. In our story, we get married secretly, but then things start to go drastically wrong. The end of our love story
takes place in my family’s vault where my lover poisons himself and I end up stabbing myself with a dagger. Sad,
isn’t it? My name is……..”.
a. Robert Kennedy
b. The Duke of Windsor
c. Juliet Capulet
88. “ The ability to deal with people is as purchasable a commodity as sugar or coffee. And I will pay more
for that ability than for any other the sun.” Who might these words belong to?
a. John D. Rockefeller
b. Benjamin Franklin
c. Albert Einstein
89. Find the correct interpretation: He gave an accurate description of the man.
a. He handled them a report about the man
b. He described the man accusingly
c. He gave a correct and exact description of the man.
90. Find the correct interpretation: Every writer is a student of human nature.
a. Writers always want to become students again.
b. Writers always learn about the human nature
c. Writers’ human nature is similar to students’ one
91. Find the correct interpretation: Before they moved in, they cleaned the house thoroughly.
a. They cleaned the house from top to bottom and then they moved in
b. They went through the house to make sure it was clean before moving in
c. They decided to clean the house they had moved in
92. Find the correct interpretation: They only knew basic language.
a. They had a very small vocabulary
b. They were very coarse
c. They used a simple computing language
93. Find the correct interpretation: The USA is almost as large as Europe.
a. Europe is slightly bigger than the USA
b. Europe is as big as the USA
c. The USA is much bigger than Europe
94. Find the correct interpretation: There were fifteen people besides me applying for the job
a. Fifteen people were standing next to me in the queue for the job
b. There were fifteen of us who wanted the job
c. I was not applying for the job
95. Find the correct interpretation: As he walked through the door, she walked out.
a. He walked in and at the same time she walked out
127
b. Before he walked in, she walked out
c. He walked in and then she walked out
96. Find the correct interpretation: Plase, take a seat!
a. Pick one up and take it away
b. I don’t want all my seats any more
c. Sit down
97. Find the correct interpretation: How on earth did you find me?
a. You’ll never find out where I am
b. It is quite difficult to get hold of me, but you did
c. What do you think of me?
98. Find the correct interpretation: I am not actually on the list of candidates
a. My name is not on the list of candidates
b. My name is not on the list, but it will be soon
c. I withdrew my mane from the list of candidates
99. Find the correct interpretation: He could have studied English last year.
a. He has studies English, but he doesn’t any more
b. He was able to study English last year.
c. He had the opportunity to study English but didn’t take it
100. Choose the best synonym for the words c. coarse
written in capital letters: He was CONFIDENT in 106. Choose the best synonym for the words
his approaches written in capital letters: I was STUNNED by the
a. trustful news of her death.
b. certain a. impressed
c. tolerant b. shocked
101. Choose the best synonym for the words c. stunted
written in capital letters: Helen was definitely a 107. Choose the best synonym for the words
SHREWD woman written in capital letters: As he seemed to be a
a. stupid coward, everybody TAUNTED him.
b. clever a. accused
c. direct b. ridiculed
102. Choose the best synonym for the words c. pointed at
written in capital letters: His DESULTORY remaks 108. Choose the best synonym for the words
made the vistors feel confused written in capital letters: She cast a FURTIVE
a. good glance at her partner
b. initial a. brief
c. untidy b. sly
103. Choose the best synonym for the words c. casual
written in capital letters: Her CONSPICUOUS 109. Choose the best synonym for the words
achievements are her best recommendation written in capital letters: Their sudden outburst was
a. well-known obiously genuine, it couldn’t have been
b. remarkable CONTRIVED.
c. social a. False
104. Choose the best synonym for the words b. planned
written in capital letters: The report was c. dissolute
SCATHING about the lack of safety. 110. Choose the best synonym for the words
a. scornful written in capital letters:
b. very critical She was a THRIFTY housekeeper, an important
c. clear matter to one of his small means and never wasted a
105. Choose the best synonym for the words penny.
written in capital letters: His RUGGED manners a. kind
betrayed his low origins. b. poor
a. awful c. sparing
b. indecent
128
TENSE FOLLOW UP
Fill in the correct form of the verb – All tenses
1. My family ___________________ (buy) some land in southern France recently. They
___________________ (build) a summer house there at the moment. 2. Andy and Mary
___________________ (go) to a concert tomorrow night. They
____________________________ (look forward to) it the whole week. 3. Jonathon
___________________ (watch) the news on TV every day and it ___________________ (help)
him with his English. 4. My car ___________________ (break) down when I
___________________ (drive) home from work. I ________________________ (fix) it if I
___________________ (know) what was wrong. But I didn’t so ___________________ (have)
to take it to the garage. 5. When he ___________________ (found) Microsoft, Bill Gates was
only 20 years old. He ___________________________ (already write) his first computer
programme six years earlier. 6. An accident ___________________ (happen) near my house last
night. A car _______________ (hit) a young man. He ___________________ (ride) his bike
when someone in front of him suddenly ___________________ (open) a car door. Many people
___________________ (see) the accident. The police ___________________ (interrogate) them
last night. 7. Mrs Smith said that one day she ________________________ (retire) from
teaching. She said that she ___________________ (spend) her new free time learning about
computers. 8. I ______________________ (not sleep) at all last night. Someone
___________________ (listen) to music all night. 9. I ___________________ (see) a film a
week ago, but I _______________________ (not enjoy) it very much because I
_______________________ (already read) the book. If I ___________________ (not read) the
book I ____________________________ (probably enjoy) the film more. 10. The judge
sentenced the man to eight years in prison because he ___________________ (rob) a bank. 11.
They ________________________ (stand) in the queue for over an hour when the manager
___________________ (tell) them that there were no more tickets. 12. Alan
___________________ (be) in the car accident yesterday. The other driver
___________________ (lose) control of his car because he ___________________ (fall) asleep.
13. She ___________________ (not see) her father since he ___________________ (start) to
work in Marseille two years ago. 14. I ___________________ (sleep) when the fire broke out.
15. Linda phoned and explained that she _________________________ (not can) to come to the
party the next day because she ___________________ (be) still sick. 16. I
________________________ (just see) the film “The Da Vinci Code”. – ___________________
(you see) it too? – No, I ___________________ (not have) but I ___________________ (read)
the book. 17. My sister ___________________ (fly) home from London today. Her flight
___________________ (arrive) in an hour so I ___________________ (leave) for the airport
right now to get there in time. 18. Unless he ___________________ (sell) more he won’t get
much money. 19. While he ___________________ (wait) for the bus there
___________________ (be) a robbery at the bank. After the robbers ___________________ (go)
away the police ___________________ (come) but they ___________________ (not can) to
catch them. 20. I ___________________ (use) to ski when I was at the university but I
___________________ (break) a leg five years ago and since then I ___________________ (not
ski) any more.
Fill in the correct form verb – All Tenses 1.
I _______________ a great film yesterday. (see) 2. _____________________ a new car? (you
ever buy) 3. I _______________ him last Monday. (meet) 4. The band _______________ while I
129
_______________ . (play, write) 5. She _______________ the new car in 2005. (buy) 6. Her
mother _____________________ in Victoria for the past five years. (live) 7. They
____________________________ in Germany when we arrived a few days ago. (already be) 8.
_______________________ to get married? (you plan) 9. I _____________________ so much
fun since I was a kid. (have) 10. When I got up I _____________________ out of the window
and _____________________ that it _____________________ . (look, see, rain) 11. Janet
_____________________ for Smith and Brothers before she came to work for us. (work) 12. I
_____________________ three movies so far this week. (see) 13. How long
_____________________ for me? (you wait) 14. I _____________________ over Loch Ness
last week. - _____________________ the Loch Ness monster? (fly, you see) 15. I’m afraid I’m
not hungry. I _____________________ . (already eat) 16. Peter _____________________
football in the afternoon when he got the call. (play) 17. “What _____________________
between 9 and 12 yesterday morning”, the detective said. (you do) 18. He kept looking at her,
wondering where he _____________________ her before. (see) 19. The doctor’s waiting room
was full of people. Some _____________________ a magazine, a woman
_____________________ and a child _____________________ with a doll. Suddenly the door
_____________________ and a nurse _____________________ out. (read, knit, play, open,
come) 20. Travelling _____________________ much easier and more comfortable in the past
hundred years. (become) 21. I _____________________ cake. That’s why my hands are full of
flour. (bake) 22. When I first came to this house it _____________________ quite a noisy area.
(be) 23. He twisted his ankle while he _____________________ . (ski) 24.
_____________________ the doors before you leave the house? (you ever lock) 25. My best
friend and I _____________________ each other for 15 years. (know) 26. Jack usually
_____________________ but he _____________________ when his father comes. (smoke, not
smoke) 27. _____________________ breakfast yet? – Yes I had it together with Sue at 7. (you
have) 28. I _____________________ this kind of work when I was a small boy. (do) 29. He
_____________________ the paper when his wife came home. (read) 30. He
_____________________ for an hour now. I’ll be finished soon. (speak) 31. How long
_____________________ John and Maria?- We met the couple over thirteen years ago. (you
know) 32. He _____________________ in Oxford for two years and when his mother died he
moved to London. (live) 33. After Harry _____________________ his work he
_____________________ Jude from the office. (finish, call) 34. You _____________________
your homework for two hours. Haven’t you finished yet? (do) 35. He always
_____________________ to the supermarket alone, but today he _____________________ his
son with him. (go, take) 36. He never _____________________ in the evening, only on
Sundays. (work) 37. I _____________________ to South America but I have been to New York
several times. (never, be) 38. _____________________ Jean? – No, she probably went to her
friend’s place. (anyone, see) 39. I _____________________ to the bank yesterday but when I got
there it was closed. (go) 40. She _____________________ in school all day. (be) 41. Lee
_____________________ late every day since Tuesday. (be) 42. Herbert’s father
_____________________ his son’s birthday (never forget) 43. I _____________________ my
report because I had a problem with my computer. (not finish)
130
CLAUSES OF PURPOSE,RESULT &
REASON
Clause of purpose: we use:
to + infinitive: She went to the baker’s to buy bread.
in order to: Sally is saving money in order to buy a new car.
so that +subject + will/can: He is working hard so that he can save to buy a house.
in case + present/past: I’ll make a cake in case they come
in order not /so as not +to infinitive: (are used in negative sentences)
PRACTICE TIME
A. Join the sentences with the linking words in brackets. Make the necessary changes.
1. The fans were really disappointed. The actor didn’t sign any autographs (since).
2. The harvest couldn’t start. It rained heavily the previous day (due to).
3. She hasn’t had much time after school. Our teacher hasn’t marked the exams yet (because).
4. It didn’t suit Mary. She didn’t buy the dress (since).
5. Our neighbours were having a party last night. We couldn’t sleep well (owing to).
6. They had to put some warm clothes on. The weather got terribly cold at night (because of).
7. Tom didn’t know Mary was coming to London. She didn’t phone Tom (since).
8. The play was boring and difficult to understand. The audience didn’t like it (because).
9. Some strikers complained. The police acted violently (due to).
10. The tour guide has changed today’s schedule without prior warning. Most travellers are angry (since).
11. Nobody could solve it. It was such a difficult maths problem! (owing to).
12. The teacher wasn’t watching them. Most students cheated in the exam (as).
13. The number of robberies has increased dramatically. A new law has been implemented (due to).
14. People don’t spend so much money nowadays. Toy shops haven’t sold as many toys as they expected
(because).
15. The rate of unemployment will rise. Lots of factories are closing down (since).
16. The government has passed too strict anti-crisis laws. The popularity of the government has fallen
down (due to).
17. Mother won’t forgive him. Peter lied about his school marks (because).
18. There’s an underground strike today. We’re walking to work (owing to).
131
19. He swallowed a fish bone. Granddad had to go to hospital (since).
20. Prices are higher and higher. It’s hard for people to save money (because).
22. Our flight was cancelled. We missed Thanksgiving dinner (because of).
23. Most of the shopping Mary had done was useless to make the dish I wanted. We had to phone for a
pizza (as).
24. The passengers had to leave the airport terminal. There was a bomb threat (due to).
25. Anti-smoking laws don’t allow people to smoke in pubs. Bartenders say they have fewer customers
(because).
26. Most seaside resorts in Spain are spoilt. There’s been a lack of urban planning in these areas (owing
to)
27. The Managing Director was dismissed. The company made a great loss (since).
C. Reason or result?
1. The pop group cancelled their concert ……………………………………. the heavy rain.
2. The snails came out ……………………………. it had rained the previous night.
3. I had fallen asleep and …………………………………… I didn’t hear the phone ring.
4. I had guitar lessons last year…………………………….. now I know how to play.
5. Sea turtles are in danger of extinction ……………………………… tourism.
6. Helen didn’t come to the party …………………….. she had to care for her little brother.
7. The hotel rooms were awful………………………………..we had to leave.
8. We went to the disco…………………………… we wanted to dance.
9. Sylvia is not ready yet,………………………………. she will meet us later.
10. People cause fires. …………………………….. forests are becoming extinct.
11. I went out in the rain without an umbrella, …………………..I got sick.
12. I didn’t go with them last night……………………… I didn’t want to see Mike.
D. Rephrase
1. Some experts think the world is growing warmer, but others disagree.
132
While
2. I don't enjoy rock music, but I went to the concert anyway.
Although
3. Whereas prices rose last year, this year they have gone down.
Prices rose last year
4. Jim had a headache, but he still read until late.
In spite of his
5. Even though they were losing at half-time, City won in the end.
Despite
6. He wants to work as a disc jockey, whether his parents like the idea or not.
He wants to work as a disc jockey, even
7. Sam lost his job because he was lazy.
Sam was
8. I couldn't buy the house because it was expensive.
The house was
9. The book was so interesting that I couldn't put it down.
It was
10. There was too much noise, so we couldn't hear the speech.
There was so
11. The house was too much small to live in comfortably.
The house wasn't
12. The class was cancelled because there weren't enough students.
There were so
13. The mouse ran into its hole to avoid being trapped by the cat.
The mouse ran into its hole so as
14. She set the timer to avoid overcooking the beans.
She set the timer in
15. They used chemicals in order to kill the insects in the trees.
They used chemicals so
16. They made several complaints to the manager to prevent the same thing from happening again.
They made several complaints to the manager so
133
TENSE QUIZ
1. _____ your homework?
A. Have you done B. Has you done C. Did you do D. Have you do E. Has you done
2. Which books .......................................... to school yesterday?
A. took you B. take you C. have you taken D. do you take E. did you take
3. When _____?
A. do you arrived B. did you arrived C. has you arrived D. have you arrived E. did you arrive
4. We _____ my aunt next week on Friday. It will be her birthday.
A. will visit B. visited C. is visiting D. have visited E. are visiting
5. We ............................... that film.
A. will already seen B. have already seen C. has already seen D. already saw E. already did see
6. The weather forecast says the sun _____ tomorrow.
A. is going to shine B. is shining C. may shine D. shines E. will shine
7. She _____ in this house for years.
A. has been living B. has lived C. have lived D. lived E. lives
8. Many things _____ this month.
A. changed B. didn't changed C. has changed D. have changed E. would change
9. Look! She ……………………………………….. from a large whisky-bottle.
A. are drinking B. drink C. drinks D. is drinking E. will drink
10. Leif Ericson..................Vinland while he …………………………towards the west.
A. was discovering ... sailed B. has discovered ... were sailing C. has discovered ... was sailing D.
discovered ... was sailing E. discovered ... sailed
11. If I ....................... the Superman, I ........................
A.was/ fly B. were/ will fly C. were/ would fly D. would be/ flew E. would be/ would fly
12. I ….……… (finish) doing this exercise.
A. am finishing B. has just finished C. have just finished D. just finished E. just have finished
13. I ........................................... positive reviews about that film in the papers so I am going to see it.
A. has read B. have read C. read D. readed E. will read
14. Hi Jane, you _____ sad! What's up?
A. are looking B. is looking C. look D. looks E. will look
15. He …………………………… mineral water every day.
A. are drinking. B. drink C. drinks D. is drinking E. will drink
16. He was late. When he ......................... at the airport, the plane ...................
A. left ... had arrived B. has arrived ... left C. had arrived ... left D. had arrived ... had left E. arrived ... had
already left
17. He ......................................... about everything!
A. always complain B. always complains C. is always complaining D. is complaining E. will always
complain
18. Harry ............... and we ............................ him the news.
A. had woken up/told B. wakes up /told C. was waking up/ told D. woke up told E. woke up were telling
19. After he .............................painting, he ..........................a shower.
A. finish / have B. has/ finished had C. had finished/ had D. had finished/ had had E. finished/ had
20. ........................................... rugby?
A. Did you ever played B. Do you ever played C. Has you ever played D. Have you ever play E. Have
you ever played
FILL IN WITH THE CORRECT VERB FORM:
1. Hardly had the minister finished his speech when gunshots ---- (storm) the stadium.
2. Everybody will be at the office at about 08:30 tomorrow as the meeting ---- (start) at nine o'clock.
3. That candidate who we had interviewed before we ---- (speak) to all the others is still my favorite.
4. While climbing onto the mountain top, I ---- (encounter) a strange animal which I'd never seen before.
134
5. The chairman was sure that his plan would work out fine as no other member ---- (oppose) it up to that
time.
6. I wasn't surprised to hear that Monica ---- (have) an accident as she is a very reckless driver.
7. Since the very first day when the Umbrella Company embarked upon such a dangerous and risky lab-
research, very strange incidents ---- (take place) within the research complex.
8. Urbanization ---- (always / be) a problem which causes several environmental challenges ever since the
rate of migration ---- (increase) after the industrial revolution.
9. When I ---- (come) home this evening, my parents had gone out for a walk.
10. By the time the troops ---- (arrive), the war will have ended.
11. By the year 2020, linguists ---- (study) the Indy-European language family for more than 200 years.
12. Gasoline ---- (become) a major problem for people for the last ten years, therefore, during this time
many people have preferred to sell their cars and buy smaller ones.
13. By the time he was 14, Wolfgang Mozart ---- (compose) an enviable number of musical pieces.
14. Nothing in my life ---- (be) so strong to stop me achieve my goals so far and I don't think anything
will be.
15. Archaeologists ----- (explain) recently that an ancient underground city around Cappadocia has long
wide corridors where there are many special areas for making cheese and wine.
16. I was amazed when he accepted a drink, since I ---- (always / assume) that he was a teetotaler.
17. I ---- (play) tennis tomorrow but I won't be able to do that because I have injured my right ankle.
18. We ---- (visit) the seashore many times before but last summer we enjoyed ourselves more than ever.
19. According to a survey, thousands of vending machines ---- (have to be converted) before the new
coins have come into circulation.
MULTIPLE CHOICE 2
1. This time tomorrow some of the people in this room __________________ to their home
countries.
A will travel B will travelling C will be travelling D will have travelling
2. Augusto couldn't open the classroom door because one of the other students __________ it from
3.
4.
5. the inside.
A locked B was locking C has locked D had locked
6. Every day, even when it's raining heavily, Henry ____ for an early morning run before eating
breakfast.
A going B is going C goes D is gone
7. At the moment, _________ an exercise in order to review the English verb tenses that I have
learned.
A I do B I doing C I'm doing D I've done
8. Before people landed on the Moon in 1969, some people ________ that the moon was made of
cheese.
A believed B were believing C have believed D had been believing
9. By Christmas, all of the students in our class __________________ to their countries.
135
A will return B will have returned C will be returning D will have returning
10. This is Javi's last week at the school so ________________ Goodbye to all his new friends for the
last three days.
A he says B he said C he's said D he's been saying
11. I'm sorry I can't come to your party tomorrow night. __________ dinner with Cristina and
Samara. Maybe I can come along afterwards.
A I will have B I'm having C I have D I will have had
12. So far, during her time at International House Bristol, Tchior ________ to six pancake parties and
fifteen barbecues.
A came B comes C has come D has been coming
13. At six o'clock this morning most of us were asleep in bed. But Atheer ____________ for today's
grammar.
A studied B studies C was studying D has studied
14. This is the second to last question in this set of questions. In two minutes' time
you __________________ and then you will find out your score.
A will finish B will have finished C will be finishing D will have been finishing
15. When Elisabetta _______ for her morning lesson, the teacher was collecting the homework from
the other students.
A arrived B was arriving C had arrived D had been arriving
MULTIPLE CHOICE 3
1. As the sun _____, I decided to go out. 5. She loves _____ Hungarian music.
A. ? shines A. ? ---
B. ? shine B. ? a
C. ? has shone C. ? the
D. ? was shining D. ? some of
2. It's a long journey by train; it's much 6. I _____ your uncle tomorrow, so I'll
_____ by road. give him your note.
A. ? more quickly A. ? going to see
B. ? quickly B. ? have seen
C. ? quicker C. ? shall have sheen
D. ? more quick D. ? am seeing
3. My house is opposite _____ the park. 7. She walked _____ the road without
A. ? of looking.
B. ? from A. ? by
C. ? to B. ? across
D. ? --- C. ? through
4. They _____ married in church last year. D. ? long
A. ? are 8. Has _____?
B. ? have A. ? the post yet come
C. ? made B. ? the post come yet
D. ? got C. ? come the post yet
136
D. ? yet the post came B. ? Every
9. I don't speak Japanese, but Jenny _____. C. ? The all
A. ? do D. ? All
B. ? does 19. He's _____ intelligent than his sister.
C. ? speaks A. ? much less
D. ? is speaking it B. ? not so
10. "_____ yet?" " Nearly." C. ? much fewer
A. ? Do you finish D. ? lesser
B. ? Did you finish 20. Can you play _____ piano?
C. ? Have you finished A. ? on the
D. ? Are you finishing B. ? ---
11. We spent _____ day sunbathing. C. ? a
A. ? whole of the D. ? the
B. ? whole 21. The whole thing is much simpler _____
C. ? all the you think.
D. ? the whole A. ? than
12. She said she _____ for five hours. B. ? as what
A. ? has worked C. ? ---
B. ? worked D. ? then
C. ? had been working 22. My brother's son is my _____.
D. ? has been working A. ? cousin
13. By the time the police arrived, the B. ? uncle
thieves _____ the stolen money. C. ? son-in-law
A. ? are hiding D. ? nephew
B. ? hide 23. My uncle arrived while I _____ dinner.
C. ? had hidden A. ? cook
D. ? will have hidden B. ? was cooking
14. They never do _____ homework. C. ? had cooked
A. ? they D. ? would cook
B. ? their 24. Don't be late _____ your music lesson.
C. ? they're A. ? at
D. ? there B. ? for
15. It's not raining _____. C. ? on
A. ? more D. ? to
B. ? any more 25. How long does it _____ to get to
C. ? no more London?
D. ? some more A. ? need
16. _____ cows are animals. B. ? take
A. ? The C. ? want
B. ? Some D. ? make
C. ? A 26. He doesn't like company. He always
D. ? --- works _____.
17. Janet is _____. A. ? alone
A. ? an old my friend B. ? solo
B. ? an old friend of me C. ? only
C. ? a my old friend D. ? lonely
D. ? an old friend of mine 27. "It's a pity you haven't seen that play."
18. _____ books on this shelf were written "But I have, I _____ it last week."
by Dickens. A. ? have seen
A. ? All the B. ? saw
137
C. ? was seen 37. They _____ to the theatre twice so far
D. ? had seen this month.
28. If you _____ to town tomorrow, will A. ? were
you do some shopping for me? B. ? have been
A. ? go C. ? are going
B. ? will go D. ? are
C. ? went 38. I can't wait. I'm _____ a hurry.
D. ? will be going A. ? in
29. I've got a very good _____ with the B. ? on
BBC. C. ? with
A. ? profession D. ? for
B. ? job 39. Do you know _____ I met last
C. ? work Saturday?
D. ? occupation A. ? with whom
30. Yesterday I _____ my son's trousers. B. ? that whom
A. ? sew C. ? ---
B. ? sawed D. ?S who
C. ? sow 40. He would be very happy if you _____
D. ? sewed what he asked.
31. He won't be late, _____ he? A. ? will do
A. ? won't B. ? do
B. ? will C. ? did
C. ? isn't D. ? have done
D. ? don't 41. Will you do me a favour if _____ you?
32. I feel _____ after all this typing. A. ? somebody wants it
A. ? terribly bad B. ? I want
B. ? terribly tired C. ? I ask
C. ? myself terribly tired D. ? we all would like
D. ? myself terribly bad 42. He was fined by the police for driving
33. When _____ Mr. Jones? too _____.
A. ? you did meet A. ? fastly
B. ? did you meet B. ? speedy
C. ? have you met C. ? fast
D. ? you met D. ? hard
34. Smoking is a bad _____ of yours. 43. The family lost their money on roulette
A. ? custom so they're unable to buy _____.
B. ? usage A. ? anything
C. ? practice B. ? something
D. ? habit C. ? everything
35. We have been waiting for you _____. D. ? nothing
A. ? an hour 44. We _____ be millionaires one day.
B. ? since an hour A. ? will has to
C. ? for an hour B. ? can be able to
D. ? an hour ago C. ? could
36. How long does the train _____ from D. ? have had to
London to Edinburgh take? 45. "Can you lend me a pound?" "_____"
A. ? travel A. ? No, sadly.
B. ? tour B. ? Not, sorry.
C. ? voyage C. ? I'm afraid not.
D. ? journey D. ? I afraid no.
138
46. The hijackers were arrested and didn't C. ? however it seems difficult
know where _____. D. ? how difficult does it seem
A. ? they would take 54. My train arrived at 10:15, which means:
B. ? will be taken _____.
C. ? they're taken A. ? fifteen past ten
D. ? they were being taken B. ? fifteen ten
47. The policeman warned the photographer C. ? ten fifteen
_____ too near. D. ? ten past fifteen
A. ? shouldn't come 55. The old general told us stories of how he
B. ? not to come _____.
C. ? don't come A. ? defeat the enemy
D. ? doesn't come B. ? was fighting in the battles of 1944
48. A horrible morning was followed by a C. ? has fought the Germans
torrent of rain _____ afternoon. D. ? had won the war alone
A. ? on late 56. My son is only one and a half years old
B. ? in late but he can already _____.
C. ? late in A. ? hurry
D. ? late in the B. ? go
49. "What are you doing?" "I _____ to find C. ? come
my watch." D. ? walk
A. ? tried 57. "How old is she now?" "She _____ in
B. ? try 1905."
C. ? 'm trying A. ? born
D. ? 've tried B. ? was born
50. "How many eggs have we got?" C. ? was burn
"_____" D. ? was borne
A. ? Not too many. 58. If you'd written earlier, I'd have known
B. ? There aren't some. when you _____ to go on holiday.
C. ? Not too much. A. ? wanted
D. ? They're no in the fridge. B. ? will want
51. "Some sugar?" "_____" C. ? would intend
A. ? Yes, please. D. ? would want
B. ? No, I don't. 59. The tourists were looking forward
C. ? Thanks, I'd like. _____ the Tate Gallery.
D. ? No, no me! A. ? a visit to
52. In his spare time he works _____ a B. ? to visit
salesman for an insurance company. C. ? to visiting
A. ? as D. ? visiting
B. ? like 60. How much longer _____ this
C. ? at dictionary?
D. ? out A. ? you need
53. No matter _____, you must keep trying. B. ? will you need
A. ? how difficult it seems C. ? need you
B. ? however seems it difficult D. ? have you needed
139
ROUND UP
Convert the phrases below into reported speech.
4 Listen, please. You (may not/could not)________________ speak during this exam.
9 Caroline, your friends (can/could)________________ stay the night if they want to. They're
perfectly welcome.
10 I'm sorry but you (can't/may)________________ use the computer until after I've finished.
12 Listen, please. Students (may/could)________________ study in the library from five to nine in
the evening.
Would/should or ought to/might + have + past participle - Use the verb in brackets to fill the gaps.
1 If I had gone to the sales, I'm sure I ___________________ something. (to buy)
2 Clare was very upset you didn't go to her birthday party. You ___________________ . (to go)
3 No one's answering the phone.They ___________________ out. (to go)
4 The lights are out. They ___________________ to sleep. (to go)
5 We ___________________ Dave to the party if we had known he was in town. (to invite)
6 You ___________________ at Samantha. She'll never forgive you. (to shout-NEGATIVE)
7 I ___________________ to have done some acting when I was younger. (to love)
8 You ___________________ to the pub on Saturday. We had a great time. (to come)
9 She ___________________ her mind. I'm not sure. (to change)
10 You ___________________ so much money on CDs. You'll have problems getting to the end of the month
now. (to spend-NEGATIVE)
Decide which type of modal goes with each sentence and then fill the gaps with have to, must, should or ought
to. When you see NEGATIVE, the modal verb must be in a negative form.
1 If you want to lose weight, you _____________ eat pasta, potatoes, white bread or white rice.
NEGATIVE
2 It's alright. You _____________ come to Muriel's wedding if you don't want to. NEGATIVE
4 I haven't heard from Eleonora for ages. Maybe I _____________ give her a ring.
5 You _____________ remember your passport. Otherwise they won't let you on the plane.
6 The weather forecast says this weekend will be fine. We _____________ go on a picnic.
10 Orange juice in cartons has no goodness in it at all. You _____________ make it yourself.
12 These instructions are difficult to follow. They _____________ explain things better.
1 Jim doesn't have a girlfriend now but he 6 If you go to live in the United Kingdom,
_________________. you_________________ on the left.
2 People _________________ the Internet yet but in a 7 At first it was difficult for her to speak in French all the
few years time everybody will be surfing around like time but she _________________ to it now.
crazy.
A is used
A aren't used to using
B uses
B don't use
C gets used
C isn't used to using
3 I _________________ to play football when I was 8 After the holidays it takes me a week
young. I'm too old and fat to play now. _________________ up early again.
A use A to get used to getting
B got used to B to be used to getting
C used C to get used to get
4 Pepe Juan was in London for a year. He liked England 9 The queue in the baker's _________________ to be so
but he _________________ the insipid food and the bad but now it's terrible. It must be that new chapata
miserable weather. bread they bake. It's delicious.
5 I've been getting up early every day for years but I 10 Do you mind if I _________________ your phone?
_________________ to it.
A used
A used
B am using
B am still not used
C use
C am already used
Fill the gap using the verb in brackets. Think very carefully about the meaning of the phrase before
deciding whether to use a negative or positive verb form. Use type III – conditional phrase
1 - REGRETS with the PAST PERFECT (the third conditional) e.g. I wish I hadn't got so angry.
2 - WANTING CHANGE FOR THE PRESENT OR FUTURE with the PAST SIMPLE e.g. I
wish I had enough money to go to Mozambique this summer.
3 - COMPLAINTS with WOULD + INFINITIVE e.g. I wish you wouldn't arrive so late all the
time.
Regrets
1 I wish I ___________________ drunk and kissed Samantha. (get NEGATIVE)
2 I wish it ___________________ so much. The garden's turned to mud. (rain NEGATIVE)
3 If only I ___________________ there, I wouldn't have got a fine. (park NEGATIVE)
Wanting change
4 If only I ___________________ more time for my hobbies. (have)
5 I wish it ___________________ more often in Valencia. (rain)
6 I wish I ___________________ to go to your nephew's wedding. (have NEGATIVE)
Complaints
7 I wish you ___________________ so much. You're a complete idiot when you're drunk. (drink NEGATIVE)
8 If only it ___________________ . The garden's as dry as a bone. (rain)
9 I wish Samantha ___________________ her hair more often. It looks so greasy all the time. (wash)
Mixed
10 I wish you ___________________ so horrible to your brother. He's a really nice bloke. (be NEGATIVE)
11 I wish the council ___________________ that beautiful old house. It was part of the town's heritage.
(demolish NEGATIVE)
12 If only I ___________________ the money to go to Jon's wedding in The States. (have)
13 I wish I ___________________ her she'd put on weight. She hates me now. (tell NEGATIVE)
14 I wish you ___________________ to your mother like that. (speak NEGATIVE)
15 If only we ___________________ a Hewlett Packard printer. The cartridges are so expensive. (buy
NEGATIVE)
16 I wish Jorge ___________________ so fast. It's only a matter of time before he kills someone. (drive
NEGATIVE
4 Two people are sitting outside in the garden."We hope you 9 The house is in a terrible mess. We've got workmen in . The
__________ this marvellous weather as much as we are." plumber __________ a new bath and shower.
A enjoy A puts
B enjoyed B put
C are enjoying C is putting in
5 I __________ dinner when suddenly I heard a strange 10 I __________ here now for over thirty-five years.
noise. A am living
A was cooking B have been living
B cook C Live
C cooked
Fill the gaps with the verb in brackets using either the past perfect or the past simple tenses.
1 By the time we got to the cinema the film ______________ (to start), so we missed the first five minutes.
2 When I rang the bell there was no answer. The neighbour told me that they ______________ (to go out) about
half an hour ago.
3 I saw Casablanca for the first time last night. I ______________ (to see NEGATIVE) it before.
6 There was so much to see in Toledo. I wanted to see everything but I ______________ (to have NEGATIVE)
enough time.
10 If you ______________ (to not park) there, you wouldn't have got a parking fine.
11 They found the body on a building site. It ______________ (to mutilate "in the passive!").
13 When he arrived, Eve wasn't there. She ______________ (to leave) about five minutes before.
14 When we arrived back in Spain, they ______________ (to lose) our luggage. We only had to wait two days to
get it back though, and they delivered it to the house.
15 When I ______________ (to get back), nobody had done the washing up. I was furious.
Fill the gaps with the verb in brackets using either the present perfect or the past simple tenses.
Fill the gaps with beat, earn and win in the correct form.
1 It's none of your business how much I ______________.
2 Samantha's just bought a red convertible. She must have ______________ the lottery.
3 When I ______________ Jonathan at table tennis, he got very angry.
4 No one I know has ever ______________ her at pool. She's a great player.
5 A: Who ______________ ? Valencia or Real Madrid?
B: Valencia, of course.
6 Zaragossa ______________ Arsenal every time they meet.
7 Jim was ______________ big money before he went off to teach in Thailand.
8 I love my job but I need to ______________ more money.
9 England won The World Cup in 1966. They ______________ Germany.
10 Spain ______________ Australia in The Davis Cup.
11 He ______________ me in the first round but I won in the end.
12 I dare you to ______________ me at tiddlywinks.
13 You deserve a holiday. You've really ______________ it.
14 Teachers in London don't ______________ enough money to buy a house
was for
were since
is while
3. All my friends live _____ North Lincoln Street. 8. If you need the car in the afternoon, I ______
shopping in the morning.
in
on go
at would go
will go
4. I'm new to this job. What exactly ________ do?
9. Before I (go) _____ to London, I (not / enjoy)
I have to ________ learning English.
do I have to
I had to go - have not enjoyed
went - have not enjoyed
5. If she _______ about his financial situation, she went - had not enjoyed
would have helped him out.
10. On the Roman Emperor visit, the Roman soldiers
had known (tell) ______ him that Pictish tribes from Britain's north
knew (attack) _______ them.
have known
told - had attacked
6. The weather today is even _______ than tell - had attacked
yesterday. told - have attaked
Part II: English Grammar - Select the one underlined word or phrase that is incorrect.
Gap fill-in
Speaking already
Q1 Can you hear what he is .......? (a) saying (b) speaking (c) telling (d) talking
Q2 She hasn't come home ........ (a) still (b) already (c) yet (d) till
Q3 I ....... TV yesterday evening. (a) saw (b) looked (c) viewed (d) watched
Q4 We live ....... the city centre. (a) near (b) next (c) by (d) nearby
Q5 She looks ....... a famous film star. (a) as (b) like (c) similar (d) same
Q6 This television gives you the ....... news. (a) last (b) latest (c) least (d) later
Q7 I only ....... one mistake in last night's test. (a) made (b) done (c) did (d) make
Q8 I want you to tell me the ....... truth. (a) all (b) exact (c) real (d) whole
Q9 He is looking ....... a present to buy his girlfriend. (a) for (b) at (c) in (d) on
Q10 That's what I would like ....... Christmas. (a) for (b) at (c) in (d) on
Q7 In this business you cannot afford to make any mistake and must be seen to be lily ........ (a) red (b)
blue (c) white (d) green
Q8 As they turned round and ran away, people thought they were ........ (a) red (b) blue (c) white (d)
yellow
Q9 Ask her to help you with your calculations because she's ....... hot at mathematics. (a) red (b) blue (c)
white (d) black
Q10 I know he doesn't like you because the moment you came in the room I saw him give you a .......
look. (a) red (b) blue (c) white (d) black
Newspaper Headlines
Q1 Some people only read the ....... lines in a newspaper. (a) top (b) big (c) main (d) head
Q2 You should always check the sell ....... date of things you buy in the supermarket. (a) in (b) through (c)
by (d) off
Q3 When the building was completed, all the workers were paid ........ (a) off (b) through (c) out (d) over
Q4 The boss was good enough to ....... my mistake. (a) oversee (b) overtake (c) overdo (d) overlook
Q5 It is always ....... when you misunderstand the customs of other countries. (a) embarrassing (b)
peculiar (c) singular (d) attitude
Q6 Newspapers are ....... to people's doors every day. (a) taken (b) distributed (c) delivered (d) handed
Q7 In her speech she expressed her ....... for all the help she had been given. (a) thankfulness (b) gratitude
(c) gratefulness (d) thanking
Q8 In ....... nothing much happened at the meeting. (a) quick (b) briefly (c) short (d) shortly
Q9 At the end of the speech the whole assembly gave the speakers a standing ........ (a) ovation (b)
applause (c) cheering (d) support
Q10 Politicians pretend to ignore opinion ........ (a) votes (b) figures (c) numbers (d) polls
'Key' Word Transformation
1) Comparative/Superlative Structures like so/such .., er/as ... as or too/enough often appear in this
exercise.
For Questions 1-8, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first
sentence using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five
words.
2) Passive/Active
1. The examiner tells candidates the regulations at the beginning of the exam.
TOLD
At the beginning of the exam candidates .................................... the regulations.
2. Did we send that letter to Mr Thomas?
WAS
Do you know if ........................................ to Mr Thomas?
3. We haven't arranged a date for the wedding yet.
BEEN
A date for the wedding .............................................. yet.
4. They will have given him the news by now.
TOLD
He .............................................. the news by now.
5. Experts estimate that most people now have access to the Internet.
IS
.................................................. most people now have access to the Internet.
6. The garage on the corner usually repairs my car.
HAVE
I ................................................... by the garage on the corner.
7. Steve definitely didn't write that essay.
WRITTEN
That essay ..................................................... by Steve.
8. The police have cancelled the demonstration.
HAS
The demonstration ....................................................... by the police.
4) Auxiliary Verbs
1. I went to the office then remembered it was my day off.
HAVE
I ............................................... to the office as it was my day off.
2. Perhaps we missed the correct turning.
MIGHT
We ............................................... the correct turning.
3. I'm afraid you can't smoke in here.
ALLOWED
You ............................................... in here.
4. They will expect you to wear a suit for the interview.
HAVE
You ................................................ a suit for the interview.
5. I'd see a doctor if I were you.
OUGHT
You .................................................. a doctor.
6. He couldn't swim until he was in his twenties.
ABLE
He ................................................. until he was in his twenties.
7. We got a table at the restaurant without a reservation.
NEED
We ................................................ book a table at the restaurant.
8. You were expected to answer all the questions on the exam paper.
ANSWERED
You ............................................... all the questions on the examination paper.
5) Conditionals
1. I only told you because I thought you would be interested.
TOLD
I ................................................. you if I thought you weren't interested.
2. I won't organise the party unless you arrange the food.
LONG
I'll organise the party ....................................................... arrange the food.
3. I think it would be a good idea to speak to the manager first.
WERE
If ......................................................... speak to the manager first.
4. If you do the washing up I'll make the coffee.
PROVIDED
I'll make the coffee .......................................................... the washing up.
5. You’re tired because you keep staying up late.
WERE
If ............................................................. to bed earlier, you wouldn't be so tired.
6. You never enter competitions so you'll never win anything.
MIGHT
If you entered competions ...................................................... something.
7. The reason I haven't got much money is because they didn't give me promotion.
POOR
If they had given me promotion I ............................................................... now.
6) 'Unreal' Pasts
1. I'd love to know how John is getting on.
KNEW
I ................................................. how John was getting on.
2. You should take an umbrella with you.
BETTER
You ................................................ an umbrella with you.
3. I think taxes should be increased.
TIME
It .................................................. increased
4. He behaves like the President of the company.
THOUGH
He acts ....................................................... the President of the company.
5. I regret not inviting Cathy to the party.
ONLY
If ................................................... Cathy
6. I'd prefer you to get home early tonight.
RATHER
I .................................................... home early tonight.
7. It's a pity the car is so expensive.
WISH
I .................................................... so expensive.
8. It will be better for you to come alone.
SOONER
I would ...................................................... on your own.
7) Verb Patterns
1. It's really important that you pay the bill today.
REMEMBER
You must ................................................ the bill today.
2. I think it would be a good idea if you joined the beginner's class.
SUGGEST
I .................................................... the beginners class.
3. Meeting John in town was really surprising.
EXPECT
I ..................................................... John in town.
4. In the future she became a successful business woman.
WENT
She ................................................... a successful business woman.
5. I'll help you with your homework.
MIND
I ...................................................... you with your homework.
6. I hated driving on the left at first but now it's OK.
USED
I ....................................................... on the left now.
7. Don't bother to apply for the job.
POINT
There ......................................................... for the job.
8. Were you successful in passing the exam?
MANAGE
Did ............................................................ the exam?
8 Phrasal Verbs
9) Practice
1. (Passive + phrasal verb)
Thieves have burgled our house.
INTO
Our house .................................................
2. (Passive + change from adjective to noun)
Businesses are said to be worried about interest rates.
CONCERN
There ................................................ amongst businesses about interest rates.
3. (Reported speech + verb change)
'I don't share your views on capital punishment' he said.
AGREE
He told me ................................................ my views on capital punishment.
4. (Passive to active + phrasal verb)
Loans must be repayed in full.
BACK
You ......................................................... all the money.
5. (Preposition x 2)
There have been more redundancies this year than before.
NUMBER
There has been a rise ........................................................... redundancies this year.
6. (Noun to verb + verb change)
I'm sorry but you must not smoke here.
FORBIDDEN
I'm afraid ..... here.
7. (Verb change + verb form)
I don't think it's a good idea to get married too early.
IN
I don't ............................................... too early.
8. (Verb change + verb form)
Did you manage to convince him?
IN
Did you .................................................... him?
ASSIGNMENT
For the questions given, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first
sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five
words, including the word given. There is an example at the beginning (0).
Example:
0 They published this book in England.
came
This book …..came from…. England.
1.- Can you understand what this paper means?
sense
Can you …………………………… this paper?
2.- It wasn’t necessary to meet me at the airport yesterday.
needn’t
You ……………………… me at the airport yesterday.
3.-It was unkind of you to talk to her like that.
not
You ……………………………… to her like that.
4.-I saw the film although I strongly dislike thrillers.
spite
I saw the film in …………………… of thrillers.
5.-It’s not possible to play tennis because of the rain.
makes
The rain ………………………………. to play tennis.
6.-I’ve never tasted such good food before.
ever
It is the ………………….. tasted.
7.-Do your parents allow you to watch TV late at night?
let
Do your parents ……………………. TV late at night?
8.-“Did you write a note for Anna?” I asked my mother.
she
I asked my mother ………………………. a note for Anna.
9.-He gave me the money first, and then he left.
after
He left …………………………………….. the money.
10.-I don’t find it difficult to get up early any more.
used
I ………………………………………. up early.
11 He really likes correcting her English.
pleasure
He ……………………….. correcting her English.
12 It’s not necessary to take a lot of luggage when going on holiday.
much
You ……………………… luggage when going on holiday.
13 Perhaps he hasn’t received the doctor’s results yet.
may
He …………………….. the doctor’s results yet.
14 All I want you to do is to look after my dog.
care
All I want you to do is to ………………….. my dog.
15 She was not certain about the trip.
decide
She …………………………….. about the trip.
16 He locked the gate so that the dog wouldn’t escape.
prevent
He locked the gate …………………….. escaping.
17 They did not like to pay extra taxes.
objected
They ……………………………………………. extra taxes.
18 The day was so nice that we went on a picnic.
such
It was ………………………. that we went on a picnic.
19 The only person I didn’t see was Jane.
except
I …………………………………………….. Jane.
20 She decided to visit her friend and tell her the news.
drop
She decided to ………………… her friend and tell her the news.
21 We have to reduce our expenses.
cut
We have to ………………………………………….. our expenses.
22 “Can you please explain this to me?” she asked the teacher.
if
She asked the teacher …………………………………… to her.
23 Perhaps he’s working late.
may
He ………………………………………. late.
24 Nobody ever told me about it.
never
I ………………………………………………. about it.
25 “I’ll pick him up from the airport,” she said.
offered
She …………………….. from the airport.
26 I was so shocked that I couldn’t react.
wasn’t
I …………………………………………………………………… react.
27 People say Greek is a difficult language to learn.
said
Greek …………………………. difficult language to learn.
28 The police have investigated the crime.
by
The crime ………………………………………………………… the police.
29 Without your help, I would never have managed.
you
If ………………………………………. , I would never have managed.
30 The manager made the employees stay late.
made
The employees …………………………… by the manager.
31 He knows everything about flowers.
expert
He ……………………………… flowers.
32 If you are not old enough you cannot watch certain films.
age
If you ……………………………….. you cannot watch certain films.
33 I regret that I gave him the money.
lent
If only …………………………………………. him the money.
34 It was such a boring movie that we left.
so
The movie ………………………………………….. that we left.
35 People say that the pyramids are worth visiting.
supposed
The pyramids ………………………………………. worth visiting.
36 John cannot possibly borrow the car tonight.
question
It’s …………………………… for John to borrow the car tonight.
37 Could I continue what I was doing?
get
Could I …………………………… what I was doing?
38 Mary is slower at doing things than Jill.
fast
Mary is …………………………….. Jill at doing things.
39 I can’t make up my mind about the colour.
decide
I …………………………………….. the colour.
40 There are times when you have to do things by yourself.
own
There are times when you have to do things ……………….
41 You were late, so you missed the match.
wouldn’t
If you hadn’t ……………………………………….. missed the match.
42 I am sorry I forgot your birthday.
wish
I ………………………………………………. your birthday.
43 The burglar managed to escape without punishment.
get
The burglar managed to ……………. punishment.
44 He failed the test because he did not study enough.
attributed
His failure in the test ………………….. not studying enough.
45 I wonder if you can lend me something to wear tonight.
mind
Would ………………….. something to wear tonight?
46 We can’t decide where to go on holidays.
decision
We can’t ……………………. where to go on holidays.
47 Can you take me to the station by car?
give
Can you …………………………………. to the station?
48 You will miss the bus if you don’t hurry up.
unless
You will miss the bus ……………………………………………………….
49 It is likely that they have already left.
may
They …………………….. left.
50 How much is the bus fare from London to Cambridge?
cost
How much ………………. from London to Cambridge by bus?
51 Sally has not come to school because she has been sick.
absent
Sally …………………………. school because she has been sick.
52 It is often difficult to find an answer to a problem.
solution
Finding ……………………………… a problem is often difficult.
53 I was lucky you let me stay with you for the night.
put
I was lucky you …………………………………. for the night.
54 I advised him to stop smoking.
suggested
I …………………………….. stop smoking.
55 They are going to do up my room.
have
I’m going ……………………………. decorated.
56 Jane doesn’t often see Mike.
seldom
Jane ……………………………. Mike.
57 I can understand this quite well
easy
It’s ……………………………………….. understand this.
58 My mother doesn’t like us to stay out late.
approve
My mother doesn’t ……………………………… out late.
59 Mary is employed by IBM, isn’t she?
works
Mary ……………………………………… she?
60 They could not understand what she said.
difficulty
They ……………………………………. what she said.
OPEN CLOZE
Beijing
Beijing is China's centre for politics, education, culture and trade. It's situated ______ northern China,
close to the port city of Tianjin. It has ______ancient past, but also boasts a wealth of modern
developments, and is ______ of the most popular tourist destinations in the world. About 145 million
tourists visit Beijing ______ year. Beijing has ______ the capital of China ______ over 850 years,
but ______ history dates back more than 3000 years. Beijing is also known ______ "Peking".
Beijing's ______ famous attraction is the Great Wall. As the saying ______ , one who fails to reach the
Great Wall is not a true hero. The Great Wall of China is a series ______ stone and earthen
fortifications ______ was built and rebuilt between the 5th-16th centuries BC. It ______ constructed to
protect the northern borders from attacks by the Xiongnu, ______ various successive dynasties.
______ the centre of Beijing you will find the Forbidden City. Home to the emperors of the Ming and
Qing dynasties, the Forbidden City houses the largest palace complex in the world. It also contains the
Palace Museum with imperial collections of Chinese art.
The city has hosted many internationally acclaimed sporting events. In 2008, the summer Olympics and
Paralympics ______ held in Beijing. Other competitions include figure skating, badminton, snooker and
marathons.
In the early 21st century, Beijing ______ witnessed enormous growth, ______ the construction of new
buildings showcasing various contemporary styles from international designers. A mixture of both
traditional and modern styles of architecture can ______ seen at the 798 Art Zone.
Education in England
In England, the education system is separated ________ four different types. "Early years" education is
for children aged 3-4. From 4-11 years, children________ in "primary" education and from 11-18 they are
in "secondary education". "Tertiary" education is ________ anyone over the age of eighteen. This is also
sometimes called "higher" education. Full time education is compulsory ________ the ages of 5-17, and
the school leaving age________ increased to 18 years in the year 2015.
The state pays for children's education during the compulsory period, but fees need to be ________ for
early years schooling and higher education. The education system is organised by the Department for
Education. In each city or town, local education authorities (LEAs) are
responsible ________ implementing the government's policy ________ education, curriculum and
education spending.
In England, most undergraduate degree courses ________ for three years, (although when the subject is a
language, the course often includes ________ extra year spent abroad). Tuition fees for English
universities are around £9000 ________ academic year for students from the EU. Non-EU students can
expect to pay considerably more.
There ________ a lot of debate and criticism in the UK at the moment regarding the education system.
Many people think that education standards ________ fallen for many years, and that the government
makes ________ many changes to the system. Schools are required to show that their students' results
improve every year, ________ is unrealistic. ________ order to achieve this, exams have become easier
each year, so that the results appear to have improved where actually they have not. In a recent survey,
it________ found that around 50% of universities ________ not believe that the A grades that are now
awarded ________ secondary schools prove that the students are of a high ________ standard to begin a
degree course. Several universities now ask applicants to________ an entrance exam in addition to their
school exams.
Glass Blowing
The art _____ blowing glass goes back many thousands of years. The earliest evidence we have
dates _____ to the 1st century BC, _____ several broken fragments of glass were found in a pile of trash
outside a glass shop in the Old City of Jerusalem._____ most glass is now produced in factories, glass-
blowers can still be found across the globe, still using the traditional techniques that they have used for
centuries.
The glass-blower works _____ a bench, where he sits to work and keeps his tools within _____ reach.
Glass-blowers use a furnace which has three chambers _____ are different temperatures. The first
(hottest) chamber is used to create the glass, and its temperature is around 1,320°C. The second chamber
is sometimes called "the glory hole", and this reduces the glass to _____ cooler temperature so that the
glass-blower can work it into the shapes he wants. The final chamber is _____ coldest one, and is used to
slowly cool the glass down, sometimes for several days. Cooling the glass slowly prevents
it _____ cracking.
The artisan uses a blowpipe, which is first pre-heated, _____ dipped into molten glass. The glass on the
blowpipe is then rolled over a flat slab, made of marble or steel. Then air is blown _____ the glass,
making a bubble. The glass-blower can then shape the bubble, add more glass onto it, and apply patterns
and colours. An example of an advanced glass-blowing technique is the "reticello", in which the glass-
blower uses two glass bubbles which are twisted in different directions, and then joined _____.
The Great Fire of London
On the night of Sunday September 2nd 1666 a terrible fire started _______ the most ancient part of
England's capital, London. At _______ bakery of Thomas Farriner on Pudding Lane, the fire
broke _______ in the middle of the night, and was fanned_______ winds on to nearby buildings, most
of _______ were wooden structures. Houses in the area were built very close together, making it
easy _______ the flames to leap across into neighbouring buildings. By the following morning the fire
had spread northwards at a terrifying speed and _______ destroyed much of the medieval part of the city.
The mayor, Sir Thomas Bloodworth, acted slowly. Unsure_______ the best action to take, he took none,
and the fire swept across the city destroying everything in _______ path. Londoners panicked, and there
was much violence and rioting in the streets, _______ the locals suspected that foreigners
may _______ started the fire deliberately. The fire burned across the city _______ three days. On the 5th
September, the winds died _______ and it became easier to tackle the fire.
It _______ thought that more _______ 13 thousand houses were burnt down, as well _______ 87
churches. Saint Paul's Cathedral was devastated. At the time, surprisingly, only six
people _______ confirmed dead. Modern historians think that several hundreds more might have died
however, but detailed census records were not kept for poor people _______ in the 17th century.
After such enormous destruction in the economic and social capital of the country, it
is _______ surprising that it took a long time for London to recover from the Great Fire. A large part of
the town had to _______ rebuilt of course, and several radical proposals were put _______. In the end
though, the city was rebuilt on more or _______ the same street plan that had been used before the Great
Fire.
In this exercise, one word has been removed from each line of the text. The root of the word is given in
capital letters at the end of each line. Change the root word into the correct form to complete each line.
Read the whole text first so that you know what it's about.
In the Central American country of Panama there is a canal which connects the Atlantic
BUILD
and Pacific Oceans - the Panama Canal.________
a canal to link these two bodies of water was first attempted in the late 19th century by
SUCCESS
French engineers. They did not ________
because they ________ how difficult the project would be to complete. The conditions
ESTIMATE
were terrible - for example, the mountains in
the area were very ________. When the construction workers tried to cut into the
SAFE
mountainside, they caused fatal landslides. Also, the land was
frequently soaked with ________ tropical rains, and malaria from the huge number of
TORRENT
mosquitoes in the countryside was a constant threat. It
is ________ that around 22,000 people, mostly men, lost their lives during the French
THINK
attempt to build the canal, and eventually after about
eight years of struggle, the ________ company went bankrupt. In the early 20th
CONSTRUCT
century, America bought the contract to continue
the ________ of the canal, and it was finally finished in 1914. The total cost to America
DEVELOP
was around $375,000,000 (which is about
$8,600,000,000 today). The canal is extremely busy all year round. Nearly a million
ANNUAL
ships navigate through the canal ________. Using
the canal cuts ________ 15,000 km off a journey, compared with going the long way
APPROXIMATE
round, (around South America).
VOCABULARY TEST
1 Complete each sentence with a word formed from the word in capitals.
0 Make sure you walk on the footpath , because the road is dangerous.
1 Turn left at the next round________________.
2 My time________________ this year is quite good – I’ve got nothing on Friday afternoon.
3 I’d prefer to stay in a hotel with holiday________________ , rather than business people.
4 Has anyone got an aspirin? I’ve got a terrible head________________ .
5 It’s cold outside, I think you’ll need an over________________ .
6 To get into London from Heathrow airport just take the Under_____________ .
7 You don’t need to clean the plates yourself, we have a dish________________ .
8 It’s a lovely day. Let’s eat our lunch out________________ in the park.
4 Choose the word on the right that best matches the descriptions.
6 Complete each sentence with a word from the box. One of the words is used twice.
0 the general activity of moving from place to place (uncountable noun) travel
1 going from one place to another, usually over a long distance or long time ________________
2 going to a place, staying there, and coming back again ________________
3 a circular journey during which you visit several places ________________
4 a holiday on a large ship ________________
5 a long journey by sea or in space ________________
b Now complete each sentence with a word from the same box.
8 The words in italics are in the wrong sentences. Find the best word for each sentence.
0 We weren’t sure what to order for lunch, so we asked for the whistle. menu
1 There are no cars in the city centre – it’s a traffic-free menu. ________________
2 If you can’t afford a hotel, why not stay in a youth crossing? ________________
3 The morning rush tyre lasts from seven until half past nine. ________________
4 We can’t drive to Italy in one day. We’ll need to make an overnight hour. ________________
5 Sorry I’m late. I was stuck in a traffic zone. ________________
6 It’s safer to walk along the road a bit and use the pedestrian hostel. ________________
7 I had to push my bike all the way up the hill. I got a flat stop. ________________
8 The players must stop when they hear the referee’s jam. ________________
Hi James
We’re on holiday at the moment and we’ve brought our (0) B with us. It’s small but quite comfortable. We’re (1)
______ in France for two weeks, right in the middle of the French (2) ______ . There’s some wonderful (3) ______
around here. There’s even a small (4) ______ where I can (5) ______ fishing. The place has certainly (6) ______
up to our expectations.
Actually, we’re lucky to be here as a car (7) ______ into a lorry in front of us on the motorway in England and we
nearly (8) ______ the boat. Sarah was ill for a short while and I had to go to the (9) ______ in the nearest village
to get her some aspirin. She seems to have got (10) ______ her illness now, but I had to make all the (11)
______ for a couple of days. As you know, I’m not the best (12) ______ in the world and while I was (13) ______
some bacon the pan was set (14) ______ fire. Luckily, we had a fire (15) ______ with us and it soon brought the
fire under control.
Dominic
5 A do B go C make D take
14 A in B from C on D over
10 Complete each sentence with a word formed from the word in capitals.
III. Paraphrase the following into complex sentences with subordinate clauses of condition.
1. Come and stay with us for a week or there about. We should be only too glad!
2. I recognised you at once, for your brother described you to me.
5. The garden doesn’t look beautiful because the trees are bare.
9. Mr. Smith modernised his factory years ago, and now he is rich.
10. He doesn’t know her address or he will write to her, I’m sure.
V. Choose the correct conditional form to complete the sentences below. Once you have decided on
your answer, click on the arrow to check your answer.
8. Bożena comes to work 30 minutes late if her child … (miss) the bus to school.
11. If they … (know) all the facts, they would have found the defendant guilty.
CONDITIONALS II
Q1 - If I ...... you, I would tell him straightaway Q5 - ........, I'd have come immediately
were Were I to know
am Had I known
Q2 - If you ...... yellow and blue, you get green Q6 - If I ...... you, I would never have done that
will mix had been
mix were
Q3 - If I .........., I would never have done it Q7 - Provided you ........ there half an hour before it
knew starts, you'll get straight in
had known will get
get
Q4 - Unless you ...... things easy, you'll get ill
take Q8 - Unless you ....... drinking, you'll have serious
don't take health problems
will stop Q21 - What ........ do if you were in my position?
stop will you
would you
Q9 - If you see him, ......... him to call me?
will you ask Q22 - You'll be very ill ....... smoking
would you have asked if you stop
unless you stop
Q10 - ........ her help, I'd have been in real trouble
But for Q23 - He ....... be able to see you if you get there
If only before nine o'clock
would
Q11 - ........, what would you ask her? might
Had you seen her
Were you to see her Q24 - Provided you work hard, you ....... pass the
exam without any difficulty
Q12 - If I ........., I'd have done it myself would
were there will
had been there
Q25 - What would you do if the police ......... you?
Q13 - ........., you'll miss your flight arrested
If you hurry arrest
Unless you hurry
Q26 - Provided you ......... the application forms, you
Q14 - ....... there, will you ask him to call me? should get the loan straightaway
If he will be will complete
Should he be complete
Q15 - Suppose there ......... a problem, what would Q27 - I ......... there if I'd known about it
you have been able to do? would never have gone
had been would never go
was
Q28 - She ............. so worried about the operation if
Q16 - If the weather holds, I ........ play golf this the doctor had explained things better
afternoon wouldn't have been
will wouldn't be
would
Q29 - ......... there, you could have helped me
Q17 - If I ........, I'll do it this evening Unless you had been
could Had you been
can
Q30 - If I ...... in your shoes, I'd be very worried
Q18 - Come on Friday if you ....... indeed
will be able to would be
can were
Q19 - ........ you retire if you won the lottery? Q31 - If he ........ earlier, many lives wouldn't have
Would been ruined
Will had been caught
was caught
Q20 - If she ..... there, will you give her a message
for me? Q32 - What ........... if you had seen an accident on
is your way here?
will be
would you have done might be able
would you do might have been able
Q33 - If the ambulance had arrived sooner, Q37 - If I had my life over again, I ...... to university
they ......... her life to study history
had saved would have gone
might have saved would go
Q34 - How ...... you cope if you lost your job? Q38 - If he's there, you ...... to tell him what
will happened
would ought
should
Q35 - If he tries, he ........ do well
might Q39 - I ......... better than to have trusted them
would should have known
should know
Q36 - If you'd told me earlier, I ....... to help you the
other day
Q5 - She asked if she ____ leave early. Q12 - She promised she _____ do it by the end of the
can week and then let me down.
could will
would
Q6 - They asked me _____ going to the party. Either could be used here.
that I was
if I was Q13 - She said it _____ raining when she got here.
already started
Q7 - He told me ____ my father. had already started
Either could be used here.
Q14 - She explained how ______ do it. worse
to worst
I should
Either could be used here. Q11 - The worst play I've ..... seen
ever
Q15 - He said he _____ her before. never
didn't meet
hadn't met Q12 - I saw .....
Either could be used here. anybody
nobody
TIME CLAUSES
Complete these sentences with if, unless, when, as soon as or until.
1. We’ll never get there on time __________ Sedef gets ready quickly.
2. I’m so excited. I’m going to get my skis on _________ we get there!
3. I’d take that job _________ the salary was better.
4. I’ll take driving lessons ________ I’ve finished school. I’m not in a hurry.
5. I can’t go to the office ________ I’ve found my car keys!
6. Alex won’t get a birthday present from me __________ I go shopping today. His birthday is
tomorrow.
7. We won’t be able to buy a new car _________ we’ve saved enough money.
8. I have to take the pasta out of the water __________ it’s cooked, or it gets too soft and sticky.
9. We’d go and visit them more often _________ getting there was cheaper.
10. I’d buy myself an up-to-date iPhone __________ I had a really good job.
Complete the sentences with the verb either in future or present tense, using contractions
when possible.
II. Complete the jokes by putting the verbs in brackets in the correct passive:
1. A teacher asked her class to write an essay about a football match. A minute later all the students
were writing except one boy. The teacher looked at his paper. It said, “The game …………………..
(stop) in the first minute by rain.”
2. “Why …………..the tennis player ………….(give) a cigarette lighter at the end of the competition?”
“I don’t know”
“Because he had lost all his matches”
3. “Mum, do all fairy tales begin with <Once upon a time>?”
“No, darling. Some start with : < Sorry I’m so late, darling, I ……………… (detain) at the office>”
III. Complete these jokes by putting the verbs given in the correct perfect passive form:
1. I must admit that we have serious problems but now we work/are working hard to solve them.
2. Millions of commuters rely/are relying on the railways to get to work in the morning.
3. To be honest, the service is so bad that, until it improves, I drive/am driving to work.
4. Ladies and gentlemen, the train approaches/is approaching King's Cross station, where this service
terminates/is terminating.
5. Do you often go/are going to work by bike?
VII. Complete the jokes by using the right form of the suitable verb from the following: chew,
drown, look, tell, eat
VIII. Complete these sentences with used to or use to and the correct form of the verb in brackets.
1. At first I found it difficult to wake up so early, but now I…………………………(get up) at 5.30 every
day.
2. When we were young, my sister and I …………….….(fight) like cat and dog.
3. My last English teacher made us work really hard; he …………………………………(never give) us
any free time.
4. I……………….. (not like) seafood, but now I’m mad about it!
5. I……………………………………..(not) this horrible weather. I prefer sunshine and warmth.
1. I am slow to _____.
express my opinion
express my viewing
make my views 8. Mary's house is _____ the hair salon. Do you think
make my opinion you can find it?
along
near to
against
2. I have to have this report finished _____. next to
by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning 9. The burning stick was very hot. He let _____ just in
time.
alone it
go alone it
3. We were fortunate enough to visit the Grand go it
Canyon. It has _____. go of it
beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery 10. Do we have _____ money to last us the week?
a lot of
plentiful
plenty of
4. The car was parked directly _____ the diner. enough
before
ahead of
in front of
preceding 11. John decided _____ golf on weekends.
to begin
to commence
to take up
5. The ski resorts are usually crowded. There are to start up
many people _____ skiing.
enjoy
that enjoying
who enjoy 12. It _____ to me whether we meet them or not.
who enjoying makes no difference
makes not a difference
is indifferent
is not a difference
6. It is already 3 o'clock. Can you _____ time to catch
the bus?
have enough
have it in 13. We were _____ after all the hard work.
make in wear out
make it in outworn
weary out
worn out
EXERCISE 2
EXERCISE 5
EXERCISE 6
1. _____ Easter, kids receive lots of chocolate Easter large collection
eggs in USA. much collections
On many collection
At 7. We couldn't enter the court. The police _____ let
In us in.
By shall not
2. I wish you _____ me how to make such a sauce won't
last time. shouldn't
teach wouldn't
taught 8. "Have you ever played tennis?"
have taught "Yes, I _____ played it."
had taught have
3. How much money did he borrow _____ the bank? have ever
to have been
of had been
off 9. Jane didn't go _____ this morning. She was at
from home.
4. "How much sugar is left?" "_____." somewhere
None anywhere
Nothing no where
Not some 10. If I _____ you, I wouldn't do that.
Not one am
5. _____ ended after 4 years in 1918. was
World War First were
World War I had been
First World War 11. We don't travel to any country _____ crime rate is
World War the First known to be very high.
6. My brother loves music very much and has _____ which
of tapes. whose
a large collection that which
that 19. "Hello! _____ John Smith speaking."
12. By my 50th birthday, I _____ in my current I'm
profession for over 20 years. This is
will be There is
will have been Here is
would be 20. It is sometimes very difficult _____ in a second
would have been language.
13. Finally John bought a _____ sedan. to make oneself understood
green new 1988 four-door for oneself to be understanding
1988 green new four-door understanding oneself
new green 1988 four-door to understand oneself
new four-door green 1988 21. The hero rode through the village _____ of a large
14. My father taught me basic accounting and _____. white horse.
to type over the back
how to type in the back
how to typing back
typing on the back
15. _____ my childhood, I studied in Paris. 22. This is the _____ curry sauce I've ever tasted.
During more good
Ever most good
When best
While most best
16. Jane's hair is brown, and her eyes _____. 23. If Jane asks her mother, she _____ permission.
green may have gotten
are green might have gotten
was green might get
has been green maybe get
17. The children _____ do their homework while 24. He fell from the top of the metal staircase, _____
watching TV yesterday. breaking his leg.
was able to so
were able to because
would thus
could have whence
18. The English students _____ by that eccentric 25. My sister lived in France for two years and my
teacher at that time. niece _____ there.
were learning borned
were being taught born
were being teaching was borned
were being learned was born
EXERCISE 7
1. It is very rude to point _____ someone in many snowed
cultures. was snow
at has snowed
to was snowed
into 6. Have you ever _____ on a horse? It is a wonderful
off experience.
2. Was my child polite _____ you? rode
at rid
from to ride
to ridden
with 7. He is learning Chinese _____ Mr. Chan.
3. If our plans are carried _____ now, we will solve through
that issue. by
out to
up from
upon 8. Students are supposed to sit attentively _____
through their desks.
4. The neighbours didn't go on vacation, _____? at
didn't they beside
did it to
did they beneath
didn't it 9. "Where is the library?"
5. It _____ the day before yesterday. "It's _____ your right."
in likes best football
on best likes football
at likes play football best
by 18. My sister went _____ yesterday.
10. Tom is very temperamental, and he _____. to shopping
always gets angry shopping
gets always angry to shop
always angry gets shopped
angry always gets 19. John is _____ soccer magazines.
11. "How many products did you sell?" interested
"_____ than we had expected." interesting
Less interested in
Lesser interest in
Few 20. I liked the job better than Bob _____.
Fewer did
12. It's not an easy task. However, please have him do
_____ it. has done
do done
to do 21. _____ my CDs are indie rock.
doing Almost
have to do Almost all
13. I would like to apply _____ the position of sales Most
clerk that you advertised in the Sunday newspaper. Most of all
for 22. _____ are you speaking? I didn't catch the name.
to Who
with Whom
in Of who
14. It's often difficult for a young child _____ clothes. Of whom
wearing 23. _____ will be invited to join us for lunch on
to wear Saturday.
putting on Whoever will come
to put on Whoever come
15. This knife is quite sharp. We use it _____. Whoever comes
for to cut the bread Whoever would come
to cut with the bread 24. _____ I hate getting up at six, I have to.
cutting with the bread Much as
to cut the bread As much
16. I could have done it for you if you _____. So much as
ask to me to So much
asked me to 25. I'll give you another hour _____.
had asked me making your mind up
had asked me to making up your mind
17. Joe _____. make up your mind
likes football best to make up your mind
EXERCISE 8
1. _____ the floor manager, we don't need to work to get to
this Friday afternoon. getting to
According 4. He likes his new job very much and _____.
According of works hardly
According from hard works
According to hardly work
2. You _____ see the doctor if that back ache works hard
persists. 5. Please fill _____ this online application form.
better up
better have on
have better down
had better out
3. How long does it take _____ the nearest train 6. "I've never seen that movie."
station? "_____ have I."
get to So
to get Either
Neither a concert been like this before
Too before a concert been like this
7. "Haven't you been to New York?" 17. You had better stay _____ home and get rid of
"_____ been there." your cold.
Yes, I haven't at
Yes, I wasn't in
No, I haven't inside
No, I have into
8. "Where does Helen live?" "She lives _____." 18. "Whose cell phone is this?"
in the Moore Street "It's _____"
on Moore Street the cell phone of my friend
at Moore Street my friend's
on the Moore Street belong a friend of mine
9. Is your TV _____? one of my friends
as large as mine 19. "How do I use this tool?" "Hold it _____."
so large as me on your right firmly hand
as large as me in your firmly right hand
so large as mine firmly in your right hand
10. I've never seen _____. firmly on your right hand
such a tall man 20. It's really hard to believe _____.
so tall man he would say such a terrible thing
such tall man such a terrible thing he would say
as tall man to say he would such a terrible thing
11. Please carry this box _____ the next room. would he say such a terrible thing
inside 21. "Did you fully understand what I meant?"
at "_____."
in I think so
into So I think
12. My mother didn't buy _____ food at that store. I so think
one So think I
some 22. Jane is the woman who is standing _____ my
a mother.
any before
13. "How often do you play tennis?" to the front of
"I play _____." in front of
two times in a month front of
two times a month 23. _____ the audience safely left the theater through
two months a time the fire exits.
two times of a month Every one
14. John started his current job _____ October 10. Every member
at Every member of
on Every all of
in 24. He _____ he was going to visit his sister in Ohio.
to spoke that
15. Would you go with us if you _____ the money? talked that
will have said that
have told that
would have 25. We _____ our favorite team's performance.
had were disappointed by
16. There hasn't _____. were disappointed of
been a concert like this before were disappointing
been a concert like before this were disappointing in
PART 9
I. Five sentences have been removed from the following passage. Choose from the sentences (A-F)
the one which fits each gap (1-5). There is one extra sentence which do not need to use.
Gwen Crowley likes to borrow clothes from other people. She also buys clothes from celebrities
such as Cher in order to sell them in her second- hand clothes shop, Star Wares , in Los Angeles.
Cher tends to get rid of a lot of her things each year and we just go over with a truck and pick
them up. I’ve met her a few times , although I’ve never been wearing any of her clothes at the time. (1)…
I love Cher’s style. I have her shoes, her jewellery, and even some of her furniture. Many of my
customers don’t wear the clothes they buy and just keep them as souvenirs. (2)…
I also had a denim shirt which I bought from Mel Gibson. I wore it all the time , even when I was
decorating the house. (3)…I really liked that shirt and it was great fun telling people which famous person
owned it before.
Although my husband doesn’t share my passion , he was delighted when I bought him Cary
Grant’s silver cigarette case for his 40th birthday. (4)….It’s wonderful to have a part of someone that you
admire, that you can actually hold, look at and wear. At the moment I’ve got my eye on a very special
costume from my favourite TV programme. (5)… It’s not the sort of thing you can wear to the shops, but
it would certainly attract attention at a fancy dress party!
A. If it was something I really liked, though, I would buy it, no matter how much it cost.
B. I got paint on it and all sorts of other stains , but it broke my heart when I finally had to throw it
away.
C. It’s in a cloth bag and has the actor’s name inscribed on the front.
D. However, I like to enjoy my clothes and I alwayd wear Cher’s things until they’re worn out.
E. It’s Dr McCoy’s original tunic from the Star Trek series.
F. I’m not sure how she’d react if she saw me in one of her old sweaters or skirts.
II. Use the word given to complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first
sentence. Do not change the word given .
1. Unless she starts doing some work, she’s going to fail the exam.( if) / She’s going to fail the
exam………doing some work.
2. They have built a science lab for our school. (been)/ A science lab……….for our school.
3. „Don’t try to call me up!” Paul said to me. (told)/ Paul……….call him up.
4. I made a mistake by not reporting the incident to the police. (have)/ I………the incident to the police.
5. Can’t you do any better than that? (best)/ Is that……..you can do?
6. Most students usually wake up early before an exam. ( used)/ Most students are…..before an exam.
7. „Well done!” You raised the most money”, said Angela to us. (congratulated)/ Angela…………the
most money.
8. You will never forget that you saw this play tonight. ( remember)/ You…..this play tonight.
9. Anna got married six months ago. ( since)/ It’s ………Anna got married.
10. „Why haven’t you told us the truth?” his parents asked. (know)/ His parents wanted to…..the truth.
III. Fill in ONE suitable word in each blank. There is one example (0).
It’s a fact that 0- nowadays many young people become involved (1)……crime. (2)…work alone
and others are members of gangs. The (3)…for this are unclear. Some (4)……society is to blame, others
believe that the change in family life is at fault.
One boy who (5)…broken into numerous houses and robbed the owners of (6)….possessions was
arrested recently for his crimes and held at the police station. He (7)….appear in court shortly and, if he is
found guilty, he will be sentenced to time in jail. His parents are worried about the effect jail will have on
him. Perhaps they should have been (8)….interested while he was growing (9)…. And then, he might (10)
….be in this situation now.
IV. For questions 1- 15, read the text below and decide which word A,B,C or D best fits each space.
There is an example at the beginning (0).
Every year, the village of Pettineo (0) A….its unique arts festival. For a few days each summer,
artists from all over Europe (1)….at this village near the north coast of Sicily to (2)…the creative
atmosphere. (3)…their stay, the artists get together with the local people to paint a one- kilometre long
picture that runs the (4)…of the high street. (5)…the painting is done, each visiting artist joins a local
family for a big lunch and, (6)…the meal, the family receives the (7)…of the painting that the artist has
painted. As a result, (8)…few villagers are rich, almost every home has at (9)... one painting by a well-
known European artist. Visitors to the village are eagerly (10)…into homes to see these paintings.
The festival was the idea of Antonio Presti, a local businessman who (11)…it up several years
ago. Since then , Pettineo has (12)…a sort of domestic art museum in (13)…any visitor can ring a
doorbell, go into a house and (14)…a painting. In addition to this exhibition (15)…paintings in people’s
homes, for those who have time to spare, there is an opportunity to wander through the display of huge
sculptures in the village square.
3 A During B In C While D At
15 A at B on C of D in
V. Read the text below and look carefully at each line. If the line is corect, put a tick ( ). If it has a
word that should not be there, write this word on the line, as in the examples.
Are you one of those who jump at any occasion to visit the shops? 0
Are you an unredeemed bargain hunter who ever walks through the 00 ever
markets armed out with your trusty credit card? Shopping can be 1
the best way to begin or end a difficult day. And by this we don’t mean 2
just hitting against the stores, emptying your wallet. We also mean 3
to browsing through a good bookshop for something that will take you 4
the own thing to brighten up your desk, choosing a small treat for yourself 6
after that give you a lift : visiting the shops, having coffee with a friend, 9
opening the bag at home, experiencing the pleasure of that special purchase. 10
VI. Read the text and use the words given in capitals to form words that fit in the numbered gaps.
The words are given in the order in which you need to use them. There is an example at the
beginning.
(0) FASHION; (1) SCULPT; (2) WELL; (3) CONSIDER; (4) DECIDE; (5) POSSIBLE; (6) DAY;
(7) RESIDE; (8) SEE; (9) RESPONSIBLE; (10) BENEFIT.
Modern art has become rather (0)..fashionable..in the North- East of England, and large metallic
(1)….are now fairly commonplace in the region. The (2)…known of these is the 200-ton steel figure,
Angel of the North, erected in Gateshead at the (3)….cost of 800,000 pounds. Many local people were
horrified at the (4)…to spend such a large sum on a 65- foot metal structure. Nevertheless, the Angel is
(5)…one of the most frequently viewd artworks in the world, seen (6)….by almost 100,000 passing
motorists. A number of (7)….in Hartlepool were similarly upset when they were greeted one day by the
(8)…of 15 giant, metal balls on a traffic roudabout in the town centre. They described the payment of
70,000 pounds for the spheres as (9)…and felt the money could have been spent on something more
directly (10)….to the local population.
FOLLOW UP
Who, Whom, Whose - Gap-fill Exercise those stupid pictures every time we go to her house.
Choose the correct answer for each gap below. 3. I don't know how you convince your children to
clean up their rooms. I couldn't ........................
1. ...................... wrote this book? my children to clean up their rooms if my life
2. ...................... are you going to recommend? depended on it.
3. .......................... dictionary is on the table? 4. Professor Yu ....................... each of her
4. It doesn't look like this is the right students write an essay describing their future goals
address. ...................... did you ask for in life.
directions? 5. Professor Yu .................................. her
5. We have two extra tickets for the students use a dictionary while they were taking the
concert. ......................... wants to go with us? test.
6. It wasn't me! I have no idea ........................ left 6. Debbie's husband hates the opera. But after days
the oven on. of nagging, she finally ..................... him to go see
7. ......................... car is parked in the the new production of La Boheme.
handicapped parking space? If someone doesn't 7. Sally ................... me take off my shoes before
move it, it's going to be towed. I went into her house. She said she wanted to keep
8. The police have called in an expert to the carpet clean.
identify .................... handwriting is actually on the 8. Rebecca Smith requested a copy of that expense
ransom letter. report, so I ............... the courier take one over to
9. Do you remember ................... received the her last week.
Academy Award for best actress that year? Was it 9. Diane thinks television is a waste of time, so she
Nicole Kidman? won't ...................... her children watch TV.
10. Melanie couldn't remember the name of the 10. Mr. Levine .................... his secretary call Ms.
student ......................... science project received Jackson and reconfirm their meeting on Thursday.
the $100,000 prize. 11. Marcus ........................ me drive his new
11. I know exactly .......................... I'm going to BMW. I couldn't believe how quickly it picked up
support in the upcoming election. speed.
12. That's the professor ........................... spent 12. How did you ...................... the doctor to
10 years living with the Pygmies in Central Africa. make a house call? I haven't heard of a doctor
13. She's the actress ......................... he so actually going to a patient's house in years.
vividly describes in his scandalous new book. 13. My boss .................... me get him coffee, pick
14. Can you please tell me the names of the up his dry cleaning and buy presents for his wife. He
people ...................... helped organize the AIDS can't do anything by himself!
charity event? 14. Tommy didn't want to go to his cousin's birthday
15. The national park is being renamed in honor of party, but his mom ............................ him go.
Dian Fossey, ................... scientific research and 15. I can't believe the zoo keeper ................... you
environmental efforts helped save the last remaining feed the snake. That was so cool!
mountain gorillas. 16. The contract was very detailed, and it was
essential that the wording be absolutely correct.
Let / Make / Have / Get - Gap-fill Exercise Therefore, I ........................ the translator
Complete the sentences below using the correct form recheck his work several times to make sure there
of the verbs "let," "make," "have," and "get," . would be no misunderstandings.
17. Cheryl didn't want to wash her car, so with a little
1. Sam really wanted a dog, but his parents
smooth talk she ................... her boyfriend to
wouldn't ...................... him have a pet.
wash it for her.
2. I can't believe she ..................... you look at her
18. If you ask me nicely, I'll ....................... you
vacation pictures again last night. We have to look at
lick the bowl after I make the cookies.
19. Dr. Jackson ........................ the nurse incredibly moving. The interview with the little boy
monitor the patient's condition overnight. who lost his family in the tragedy .....................
20. The news coverage of the recent tornado was everyone cry.
In the following sentences, fill in the gaps with one of the following quantifiers: much, many, lots of, a lot of, little,
most, a little, little, a few, few:
Exercise 3 - Make inverted sentences from the sentences given, using the words in
brackets ().
1. You shouldn't tell him about my trip to China. (On no ...)
2. You are not going to get me to eat that! (No way ... !)
3. I have seldom seen such a brilliant goal. (Seldom ...)
4. Such a hurricane has rarely happened in Hereford. (Hardly ever ...)
5. I wouldn't want to hurt your feelings for all the world. (Not ...)
6. They were never aware of the danger that threatened them. (At no time ...)
7. This must not leak out to the press. (Under ...)
8. He wasn't rich and he wasn't handsome. (Neither ...)
9. We haven't often witnessed such artistry. (Rarely ...)
10. The bridge collapsed as soon as we managed to get across. (No sooner ...)
11. We were only able to cross the border by offering him a bribe. (Only ...)
12. Immediately he opened his mouth he started complaining about everything. (Barely ...
before ...)
Exercise 4 - Complete the sentences below with the words in brackets in the correct tense and the
right order.
1. Not until June 15 (we/can/accept)… applications for next year.
2. Never before that day (she/have/witnessed) … such violence.
3. Hardly (the match/have/start) … when the game was interrupted.
4. Not only (the girl/be/hungry) …, she was also very tired.
5. Little (I/do/imagine) … that it was the last time I would see him.
6. Only later ((he/do/understand) … why his wife was so upset.
7. (He/have/know) … it would take so long he would not have started.
8. No sooner (her name/be/announce) … than the crowd started to cheer.
9. At no time (the salesman/do/say) … that the price would increase.
10. In no way (he/can/be/hold) … responsible for the damage.
3. If John had known that she liked curry, he would have brought her to an Indian restaurant.
(Had ...)
4. The artist rarely paid attention to his agent's advice. (Rarely ...)
6. The shop can in no way be held responsible for customers' lost property. (In no way ...)
7. The couple had no sooner arrived than the priest started the ceremony. (No sooner ...)
8. Tom only realized the meaning of the comment when he saw his wife's face. (Only ...)
9. She never at any time said that she was allergic to cats. (Never ...)
10. The restaurant cannot accept animals under any circumstances. (Under ...)
INVERSION
~ follow up ~
1. Rephrase
1. I have never before been asked to accept a bribe.
Never before
2. He had hardly left the house when the storm broke.
Hardly
3. As soon as he had left the house the storm broke.
No sooner
4. This switch must not be touched on any account.
On no account
5. She rarely has any money to spare.
Rarely
6. He hardly speaks to anyone.
Hardly
7. The nation has seldom been faced with such difficulties.
Seldom
8. They had hardly started playing tennis when it began to rain.
Hardly
9. A father has seldom sacrificed so much for his child.
Seldom
10. You may not return after midnight on any account.
On no account
11. He would not give up writing his satires under any circumstances.
Under no circumstances
12. He realized the danger he had been in only after he had read the newspaper the following morning.
Only after
13. They were not able to assess the damage until the floods had subsided.
Not until
14. He only stays in bed if he is seriously ill.
Only if
15. We only then realized how much he had suffered.
Only then
16. He was only able to do the exercise with a great deal of effort.
Only
17. He didn’t manage to get permission until she had calmed down.
Not until
18. No director has made such an intellectually challenging sci-fi movie since Kubrick’s2001.
Not since
19. He became so suspicious that he didn’t even trust his family.
So suspicious
20. He was so anxious to start a new life that he actually changed his name.
So anxious
21. He could only make himself heard by shouting at the top of his voice.
Only by
22. He laughed so much that tears rolled down his cheeks.
So much
23. Her business was so successful that Marie was able to retire at the age of 50.
So successful
24. If you were less than delighted with our product, we will refund your money immediately.
Were
25. If you were to accept our offer, we could avoid the costs of a court case.
Were
26. If the builders were to finish their work to schedule, they would receive a bonus.
Were
27. If the tickets should fail to arrive before the departure date, we would arrange to have duplicates
waiting at the airport.
Should
28. If the film had been released in the summer, it would not have been so successful.
Had
29. He had no money and his sister didn’t have any either.
He had no money, neither / nor
30. They have no intention of paying and we don’t either.
They have no intention of paying and nor / neither
31. I couldn’t face my father and Jane couldn’t either.
I couldn’t face my father and neither / nor
32. Tom came in.
In
33. Two large dogs jumped up.
Up
34. Half a dozen apples fell down.
Down
35. The body of our late lamented sovereign lies here.
Here
36. As soon as Springsteen had gone on stage, it started to rain.
No sooner
37. We only very rarely go to the cinema these days.
Only very rarely
38. I have never seen such a terrible performance of Hamlet before.
Never before
39. Bags must not be left unattended at any time.
At no time
40. The identity of the murderer is not revealed until the very last page.
Not until
41. They only realized the painting had been hung upside down when someone complained at reception.
Only when
42. He would never play in front of a live audience again
Never again
43. She had hardly sat down to watch her favourite programme when the phone rang.
Hardly
44. You will not be allowed to enter the auditorium under any circumstances once the play has started.
Under
45. We not only went to the National Gallery, but we also saw a West End musical.
Not
46. John had not enjoyed himself so much since he went to the theme park as a child.
Not
2. The view of the canyon was breathtaking. Never before such beauty.
A had seen we B had we seen C we had seen D we hadn't seen
6. She should have helped them. She wasn't busy at that time. – . Why didn't you help them?
A Neither were you B Neither you were C Were you neither D You were neither
10. Not only my car poorly, but they also overcharged me.
A did they repair B repair they did C they did repair D they didn't repair