CLASSIFICATION OF PLUTONIC ROCKS ACCORDING TO MINERAL COMPOSITION M< 90% 16 = M = 90 to 100% Classified on olivine, and és = 0% KEY Q__ Silica minerais ROCK QUALIFIERS (%) (mainly quartz) 045-60 ich A Alkali fetd: : (inc. albite Ano.s) @ 5-20 quortz bearing P —Plagiociase ( Ans.199) F 0-10 feltspathoid-bearing F Feidspathoids F F 45-60 feldspathoid rich M = Mafic minerats 475-90 mafitic NOTE: The relative amounts of quartz, feidspors and feldspathoids should be calculated from the light coloured constituents only fe QeA+P * 100 of A+P+F = OY © Water Search, Angaston - South AustraliaCLASSIFICATION OF VOLCANIC ROCKS ACCORDING TO MINERAL COMPOSITION Q Mei Me! = meilitite M<90% 9 5 oitvine ee Or Pyx PY" * pyroxene sow M*90 10 100% Ki q@ Silica minerals ROCK QUALIFIERS (%) (mainly quartz) 045-60 cia 3 a Alkali feldspar ae Wine, albite Anos) @ $-20 quartz oearing P — Plagiociase (Ans. 99) F 0-W feldspathoic- bearing F Feldspathoids F F 45-60 feldspathoid ricn “= Mofic minerals M 75-90 mafitic NIOTE: The relative amounts of quartz, feldspars and feldspathoids should be calculated from the fight coloured constituents only ie Q+A+P += 100 or A+P+4F = 100 ® Water Search, Angaston - South AustraliaVISUAL PERCENTAGE ESTIMATION DETERMINATION OF ROUNDNESS AND SPHERICITY High OD Oo 0.0 899006 ery Sub ub Well anguler Angular engulaz rounded Rounded soundeny ow ‘ SPHERICITY ROUNDONESSNN LLL € ORILL SAMPLE LOGGING AID 3° 10 20 30 40 50 mm E € | 2 3 = R i 8 3 & 3 2 3 ° GRAIN SIZE CLASSIFICATION B.S. 1377 g | Coarse Gravel 20-60mm Medium Sand 0-2-0-6mm Medium Gravel 6-20 mm Fine Sand 0:06- 0-2 mm : | Fine Gravel 2-6 mm Silt 0:002-0-06mm 2 Coarse Sand 0-6 - 2mm Clay - less than 0-002 mm mm 0 © WATER SEARCH , SOUTH AUSTRALIA(kilobars) PRESSURE ail RELATION BETWEEN THE METAMORPHIC FACIES AND THE TEMPERATURES AND PRESSURES IN THE EARTH'S CRUST TEMPERATURE (°C) 200° 400° 600° - Hewlandite sEOLITE s v SCHIST FACIES ECLOGITE after TROGER , 1963 © Water Search, Angaston , South Austratia. 5353RRU- INOUS siiceous| FI CARBON- ACEOUS auojsew|7 auosshs> MATERIAL SHEN 2109-01 OOLOMITIC ( If dolomite repicce cak with doio ) CLASTS (C)] OOLITES (0)]FOSSILS (F)|10%C+0+F] SINOLSIWITN SNOUsSITISSOS euojsow!) 04)U9102}05 HOO TERRIGENOUS s3no0isawin d1LITOO ajos9wo6uU0 @41U909}05, “ x 8 « = w x oS 1 Ee 5 « wi - q =z a 3 = w x oS z 8 iS z 2 v CALCITIC and/or SAINQLSAWIT DILSVIOWEILNI S3LIGNUDIVD] = S3LINSYVIIVD §| S3LLLNIDIVS (uw 2<) (wuz o% 90-0) | (ww90-0>) asuvo> wniaan ania %eGS2< WSL < nCLASSIFICATION OF IGNEOUS ROCKS SS IGT Ee: DARK COLOURED ———_—_—____— With free quartz (Acid) { Intermediate ) <40% dark minerals (Ultrabasic ) TEXTURE Mineral composition ritic rhyolite pee ee rin Felsite: A term applied to fine-grained , non-porphyritic, ight coloured and low ictal rocks; viz rhyolite decite, trechyte. Flee- gained. derner ena Cemvaar te may be andesites or basalts. : Printed by Preview Plastics , Adelaide, Sth Aust. ID sae: boas rapes eae eala ee oan ee Rae Meee ee es ee ” CLASSIFICATION OF SEDIMENTARY ROCKS (Excluding Pyroclastics ) TERRIGENOUS MATERIAL ia Detritai matrix | Detrital matrix <15% n = Voids empty or filled (<0-03mm) >5% with chemical cement wa DIAMICTITES ORTHOCONGLOMERATES Fore CONGLOMERATE g = 2 woe@el = - 5 Ndala TILLATE (rounded grains ) ms Sones = A 3 E72 _ CONGLOMERATIC _ BRECCIA e Sse & sé SHALE er. (angular grains ) ” 2 |sget 3 > c eso Ss == FELDSPATHIC sus 2 2.3 J & sz 22 2% sé 2 GREYWACKE ARKOSE | quartz | © = 22 ces 3 a « ry a 2 2 5 LITHIC LITHIC |suB-LiTHic| ARENITE| & 322 | 2S = wo} w GREYWACKE | ARENITE | ARENITE fee [te =o|e wis |we22 é|¢ &soao |}&s=o = Voriable <75% zee gre Gemeratty <75% Se =e E 0-004 El} a |. SILTSTONE wo | © [0-:06mm Oo; ET tess C 2 9] S |. then SHALE , MUDSTONE ~ 0-004 m: © Water Search F = FELDSPAR R= ROCK FRAGMENTS South AustraliaOCIETY OF AMERICA GEOLOGICAL TIME SCALE _ GEOLOGICAL S MESOZOIC a CENOZOIC et te 3N3903 WdPRECAMBRIAN PROTEROZOIC 5 a & GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2) P.O. Box 2140, Boulder, CO 80301-9140 } 1-800-472-1988, 303-447-2020 www.geos: org vSioowpicROCK ROOT NAMES quartzolite ( silexite ) quartz-rich granitoids alkali- feldspar granite granite Granodiorite tonalite (trondhjemite for M<10 plus oligoclase or andesine ) alkali - feldspar quartz syenite alkali- feldspar syenite foid - bearing alkall - feldspar syenite quartz syenite syenite foid - bearing syenite quartz monzonite monzonite foid- bearing monzonite quartz monzodiorite / quartz monzogabbro monzodiorite / monzogabbro foid-bearing monzodiorite / monzogabbro quartz diorite / quartz gabbro/ quartz anorthosite diorite / gabbro/anorthosite foid - bearing diorite /gabbro foid syenite ( eg. nepheline syenite-) foid monzosyenite foid monzodiorite / foid monzogabbro (syn. essexite ) foid diorite / fold gabbro { theraiite = nepheline gabbro ) foidolites ultramafic rocks / ultramafitites (eg. peridotite, pyroxenite etc) INTERNATIONAL UNION OF GEOLOGICAL SCIENCES, GEOTIMES OCTOBER 1973 © Water Search, Angaston ~ South Australieeseeeraasgr esr ree” B=535 3 ROCK ROOT NAMES alkali (- feldspar) rhyolite ( liparite ) rhyolite rhyodacite dacite quartz ~ angesiie 4 aaciie, quartz - alkali (- feldspar) trachyte alkali (- feldspar ) trachyte foid - bearing alkali (- feldspar) trachyte quartz trachyte trachyte foid - bearing trachyte quartz latite latite foid - bearing latite quartz andesite latite - andesite latite - basalt quartz - andesite tholeiitic basalt alkali basalt phonolite tephritic phonolite SCHEME TO DISTINGUISH BETWEEN BASALT AND ANDESITE Colour index oy meia-cndesite | andesite $2 = 89s 40 (wt) 35 (vol) — phonolitic tephrite ( basanite Ol >10% ) tephrite basanite phonolitic foidite tephritic foidite foidite ultramafitite ( nephelinite etc. ) INTERNATIONAL UNION OF GEOLOGICAL SCIENCES , GEOLOGY JULY 1979 Water Search , Angaston - South Australio ©GEOTECHNICAL DATA ROCK STRENGTH Based on Geological Society Engineering Group Working Party Reports UNIAXIAL POINT LOAD TER COMPRESSIVE | STRENGTH FIELD ESTIMATION 4 ‘STRENGTH INDEX OF HARDNESS MN/m? Is (50) Extremel MPa More than one blow of Strong (ES) > 200 >8 geological Roraner: Strong(VS)} 100 - 200 4 "0 required to break specimen Hand held specimen can be broken with single blow of geological hammer Moderately Smm indentation with sharp Strong (MS) end of geologica: hammer Moderately Cannot be cut by hand Weak (MW) into triaxial specimen Crumbles undet firm blow with sharp end of geological hammer _ May be Bréken by ihe hand with diffieuity STANDARD PENETRATION TEST SANDS AND COARSE SILTS NUMBER OF RELATIVE DENSITY ANGLE OF * BLOWS per 300mm [TERM [= % — — | INT. FRICTION Very Loose Loose Medium Dense Dense * after Peck, Hanson and Thornburn © Water Search, Angaston - South AustralioUNDRAINED SHEAR STRENGTH OF i SOILS (C.P 2004) Brittle or very tough. Can be indented by nb nail. Firm 50 - INTERPRETATION OF ELECTRICAL FRICTION CONE RESULTS Very loose Very soft fo stiff Loose Stiff to hard Medium dense NA Dense NA i Very dense NA NA * denotes that the range is not generally encountered in clays FRICTION RATIO (%) INFERRED SOIL TYPE Sands and gravels Silt-sond-clay mixtures Clay NOTE : Exceptions to the above do exist © Water Search, Angaston - South Australia anREDOX EQUILIBRIA AND STANDARD ELECTRODE POTENTIALS AT 25°C ceria ELECTRODE REACTION | He Sn** $,0g + 2e == 28,05 Cu" + 2e = Cu Iz + 2e = 21° a Fe(CN)g*| Fe(CNig?+ e <= Fel CNie” Few’, Fes Fe’*+ e == Fe’? Agt Ag’ +e = Ag Hg** Hg" + 2e == Hq Hg2*, Hg** 2Hg”™ + 2e == Hoo” Bre Br7 Bro + 2e = 2Br~ MnO, Mn**,H* | MnO2 +4H* + 2e == Mn” + 2H20 Cr**,Cr207,H* | Cro07 + I4H*+ Ge => 2Cr* +7H20 Cle Cim Cle + 2e= 21” Cet? Gee Ce**4 @ == Cat Co*?, Co*® Cot*+ e@ = Co** SO, , S208" S208 + 2e = 250," The redox equilibriumy constant refers to the half-reaction os written in which the electron is regarded as a ligand and all concentrations are equilibrium concentrations. E* values, referred to the standard hydrogen electrode as zero, are calculated from data for al species in the standard state. © WATER SEARCHPERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS Atomic number —+[ 50 Symbol ———+| Si Atomic weight — >|"! Se TRANSITION ELEMENTS eee} a6 | 47 Pd | Ag 106 42 | 107 87 79 TO Yb 173-04 w2 No (2591 © woe ae NOTE: Numbers in parentheses are moss numbers of most stable isotope of that elementopamsearch =» GEOLOGICAL TIME SCALE — MIOCENE CRETACEOUS > « < ae 4a ww ie JURASSIC= 2 pid as i =o CENTIMETERS SSHONI Phone: 208-628-3247 Fax: 208-628-3749