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Undertanding ia
For a time, “ia” wa the term of choice to decrie anthing people hated aout
journalim, whether the power and influence of corporate new organization to the choice
reporter made in writing individual torie. In 2001, in fact, a ook aout media unfairne
entitled “ia” wa numer one on the New York Time eteller lit.
In recent ear the pulic eem to have adopted a more nuanced view of ia. Perhap thi
i ecaue man critic have found their voice online – where tudie confirm that half the
log contain jut the author’ opinion – or that one-idedne ha ecome a ucceful
uine model, a Fox New Channel and MNC have demontrated.
Journalit, neverthele, often feel compelled to tr to prove that the are “uniaed.”
ut what if the took a different approach? What if journalit acknowledged that ia doe
exit, that it i uilt into the choice the make when deciding what to leave in and what to
leave out? That ia i emedded in the culture and language of the ociet on which the
journalit report? And that “new judgment” doe reflect the journalit’ ackground a
well a the new organization’ miion and uine model?
What if the journalit aid, in other word, that ia ma not alwa e a ad thing? That it
ma erve to create narrative texture or make a tor undertandale.
One can even argue that draining a tor of all ia can drain it of it humanit, it lifelood.
”
In the iae of the communit one can alo find conflicting paion that ring torie to
life.
A ia, moreover, can e the foundation for invetigative journalim. It ma prompt the
new organization to right a wrong and take up an unpopular caue.
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Thu, the jo of journalit i not to tamp out ia. Rather, the journalit hould learn how
to manage it.
And to do that, the journalit need to ecome conciou of the iae at pla in a given
tor and decide when the are appropriate and ma e ueful, and when the are
inappropriate.
iae that journalit and their audience proal conider appropriate are uch thing a
a elief in repreentative government, open government, and ocial equalit. Yet an
unquetioning adherence to policie aed on thee principle might not alwa e the et
thing. I democrac, for example, the et form of government for all people in all place at
all time? hould government not e allowed to have an ecret? How far hould
government go to promote ocial equalit?
There are alo iae that cut oth wa.
eing a cruader againt ocial ill i generall good, ut ou can loe perpective.
A ia toward official voice i necear, ut if it leave out other voice it’ a
prolem.
eing enitive to ource i part of litening well ut it can alo mean that the
journalit i writing for them rather than the pulic.
Looking for the extraordinar, the man-ite-dog tor, can alo lead a journalit to
ditort what i reall going on or i important.
uject: There i a ia uilt into the wa journalit pick and cover torie. Certain
uject are routinel covered or ignored. Do ome uject or communitie onl appear
when a crime occur or when there i a pecial event or parade?
o: What torie are eing done or overdone in order to pleae the o?
Production: What torie are automatic ecaue the are ea to do, ut ma e trivial
or incremental? Or how often doe a journalit call certain ource ecaue the know
the ource will anwer their phone or offer a perfect quote?
Againt companie: Turning kepticim into negativit and the aumption that ever
ig and ucceful intitution mut e doing omething wrong.
There are alo more utle iae, ut one ever journalit will recognize.
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Market-oriented ia: Thi can e a preure to produce torie that target market
egment with deirale demographic for advertier.
Covering the ae: Thi mean doing the torie everone ele i going to have in
order to cover the ae (and our rear end).
alance i a long-honored notion, and can e a ueful technique for a tor that ou
ma not know much aout. ut how man ide doe it take to alance a tor? I a
“alanced” tor fair? I it true to the fact? hould ou till give equal pace or weight
to all ide?
Political ia i omething journalit hear a lot aout from the pulic, ut inide the
newroom it’ le a topic of converation. Journalit don’t ak and don’t tell. The
don’t know each other’ politic. o therefore it in’t a prolem. ut i that enough?
Doe not talking aout omething mean it in’t a prolem?
There’ another ort of ia worth mentioning, too.
It ued to e called “pack journalim.” It ha alo een called “group think.” It i the tor
line that the pre corp en mae i telling or repeating. A modern term for it i the mater
narrative. uh wa a trong leader. Or he wa dum.
Thee mater narrative can ecome a kind of trap or rut. The journalit pick fact that
illutrate a mater narrative, or current tereotpe, and ignore other fact.
In the end, making choice require journalit to think. A journalit need to e conciou
of iae o he or he can know what iae make it into torie.
Thi guide, like man of the other in API’ Journalim ential ection, i largel aed on
the reearch and teaching of the Committee of Concerned Journalit — a conortium of
reporter, editor, producer, puliher, owner and academic that for 10 ear facilitated a
dicuion among thouand of journalit aout what the did, how the did it, and wh it
wa important. The author, Walter Dean, wa CCJ training director and API xecutive Director
Tom Roentiel formerl co-chaired the committee.
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