ENGLISH SPEAKING COURSE 2018-19

The First Stage

Topics: Vowels, Consonants and Formation of Words

Q.1. The English Alphabet: Its Special Features

(i) Vowels (a,e,i,o,u) (Pronunciation)

(ii) Consonants: There are 21 consonant letters (Pronunciation)

Note: (i) W and Y

Example: Where, What (Consonant) and saw, bow (Vowel)

(ii) A and I are like words with combination of consonant and rest of the words are formed with the
combination of vowels and consonants.

Q.2. The English Alphabet

a) The use of Capital and Small Letters

1. This is his Book. He bought it yesterday. It is a good book.

2. Ram, Mathura, The Taj Mahal.

3. Twinkle, twinkle little star,

How I wonder what you are!

4. January, March, Sunday, Thursday.

5. M.P.,M.L.A.,Dr.,Mr.

6. U.N.O.,B.Ed.,C.O.D.

7. God, Christ, He, His, Lord

8. I and O written in single letter than use Capital letter.

He reached earlier than I.

I am his friend.

O dear me!

Q.3. Pronunciation of English Alphabet

 1. A = say, way, gay, lay, stay, pray, gain, Brain,
Main
Note: In this type of word y and i comes after a.
A= Man, Mad, Sad, Hat, Rat, Stand
A= Car, War, Far, Jar
A= Wall, Call, College, Small
A= Care, Fare, Dare, Share, Spare, Declare
Note: E is silent
2. E= We, Be, He, She
EE= See, Bee, Sleep, Weep, Need, knee
EA= Seat, Sea, clean, Heat, Meat
E= When, Then, Sell, Well, Wet
EW= Few, New, Dew, View

4. I : If, Ill, With, Big, Little,

3. Ending Silent E. Sink
(i) Vowel A : Shame, Fame, Name, Same I= Mind, Kind, Bind, Blind
(ii) Vowel I : Life, wife, Line, Wine I= Fire, Tire, Admire, Retire
(iii) Vowel O: Hope, Joke, Slope, Scope I= High, Sigh, Thigh
(iv) Vowel U : Rule, June, Tube, Tune

I= Firm, First
IE = Achieve, Siege
Shirt, Dirt
Achieve, Sieve

5. O= Ox, On, Top, Hot, God, Dot 6. U= Cup, But, Up, Hut, Shut, Cut
O= Gold, Old, Hope, Home, Show, U= Duty, During, Durable, Huge
Low, Slow, Blow
OO= Look, Book, Good, Took
OO= Soon, Noon, Boon, Room
O=Son, Come, One, Done
OW= Now, How, Cow
OU= Hour, Sour, Our
OY= Toy, Joy, Boy, Coy
Y= Policy, Duty, Beauty, Ugly
Y= Tyre, Typhoid
Y= Dyke, Dynasty, Guy, Fry, Try, Type

Q.4. Pronunciation of Consonants

B: Ball, Boy, Big, Debt and Doubt (B is silent).

C: E, I, Y : City, Pencil, Ceiling, Cycle, Conceive, Receive

C: IA, EA : Social, Musician, Special

D: Dog, Drum

DG: Judge, Bridge, Hedge, Knowledge

G: Good, Go, Game, Gentle, General, Gem

Night, Fight and Right (G is silent)

H: Hen, Hand, House

H: Hour, Honour and Honest (H is silent)

L: Lamp, Leg, Long,

L: Im alk, alk (L is silent)

Talk, Folk and Calm (L is silent)

P: Pen, Pay, Receipt (P is silent)

Q: Queen, Quiet, Mosque

Note: After q u comes in each word

S: Class, Flask, Sun

S: Be, G, GG, Ge, IE, EE, Y than S is pronounced as Z

Tribes, Bags, Eggs, Rupees, Toys, Rays

S,SS: IA, ION = Russia, Asia, Pension, Commission, Session, Permission

T: To, Time,

After T if is ION= Station, Collection, Nomination

After T if it is IA, IE, IO= Patient, Initial, Ratio

After T if it is URE: Nature, Future, Agriculture, Lecture, Creature

After T if it is H = The, This, That, Thin, Thick, Through

T is Silent: Often, Soften, Fasten

W: Work, Word, Ward,

After W if R comes: Wrong and Write (W is silent)

X: Box, Wax, Relax, Examination, Exact

IF X is the first letter in a word than it is pronounced as ‘Z’: Xelophone

Z: Zip, Recognize,Civilization or Civilisation (Z or S is used)

Q.5. Silent Letters

B (Silent): Debt, Doubt, Indebted, Subtle, Tomb,
Comb, Thumb, Lamb
C (Silent): Scene, Scenery, Science, Scissors, Scent
G (Silent): Gnat, Sign but Signature, Resign but
Resignation, Reign, Foreign, Design
H (Silent) Hour, Honour, Honorary, Honest
K(Silent) Know, knowledge, Knot, knife, knee,
Knock, Knight
L (Silent): Palm, Calm, Talk, Walk, Could, Should,
Psalm, Would, Folk, Calf, Half
N(Silent): Isle, Island
T(Silent) Listen, Hasten, often, Soften, Hustle,
Bustle, Depot
U (Silent): Guide, Guilt, Guilty, Guest, Guess,
Guard, Guardian, Guarantee
W (Silent): Wrong, Write, Wring, Wrinkle, Sowrd,
Answer, Wrap
GH (Silent): High, Thigh, Though, Through
GH T (GH Silent): Right, Sight, Might, Fight, Bright,
Night, Light, Slight, Fright, Flight, Delight, Knight,
Sight, Tight

Q.6. Shortened/Contracted Forms of Subject and Verb

Auxiliary Verbs: is, are, was, were, am, will, shall, has, have, had, etc

Full Form Short Form Negative (Auxiliary Negative (Auxiliary

+not) +not)
I am I’m Is +not Isn’t
He is He’s Are+not Aren’t
You are You’re Was+not Wasn’t
They are They’re Were+not Weren’t
We are We’re Has+not Hasn’t
It is It’s Have+not Haven’t
That is That’s Had+not Hadn’t
What is What’s Will+not Won’t
Where is Where’s Shall+not Shan’t
I will I’ll Do+not Don’t
You will You’ll Does+not Doesn’t
He will He’ll Did+not Didn’t
They will They’ll Would+not Wouldn’t
We will We’ll Could+not Couldn’t
It will It’ll Should+not Shouldn’t
That will That’ll Can+not Can’t
I have I’ve Need+not Needn’t
I would I’d Must+not Mustn’t

The Second Stage

Topic: Some Sentences and Phrases of Everyday Use

I. Salutation

(i) Good Morning, Papa, Good Morning, Mummy, Grand Pa, Grand Ma, Uncle, Auntie, Brother, Sister,
etc.

(ii) Good Afternoon, Sir/Dear Friend/Papa, Mummy,etc.

(iii) Good Evening, Uncle

(iv) Good Night, Sweet dreams, darling/dear friend

(v) Good Day: Have a Pleasant Day ahead, Have a nice time.

(vi) Good –Bye: Good-Bye, dear Daddy, Mummy, Adieu.

(vii) Cheerio or So Long: Good Bye

(viii) Farewell: Good Bye

(ix) Hello/Hallo/Hullo: Hi, Hey, Hello……….

(x) See you/Hope to see you again………..

(xi) Pleased to meet you……….

(xii) Best of Luck, My/our Best Wishes…….All the best

(xiii) “Wish you (you all) a happy/comfortable Journey.”

“Bon Voyage or “Wish you a happy journey.”

Note: Personal Pronouns

Subject Object Possessive Possessive adjectives

I me mine My
We us ours Our
He him his His
She her hers Her
It It its It
Rahul Rahul Rahul’s Rahul
They Them Their’s Their
Who whom whose What
Note: Tense

II. Sentences Relating to Courtesy, Etiquette and Good Manners

1. Please (Request, Proposal, Order)

(a) Help me, please.

(b) Come here, please.

(c) Have your seat, please

(d) Would you lend me your pen for a minute, please?

Please, come here.

Please, have your seat.

(b) Imperative Sentences)

1. Please, close the door.

2. Please bring me a glass of water.

(c) Request (Interrogative sentence)

1. Will you please close the door?

2. Will you please stop talking?

3. May I sit here, please?

(d) Request, Suggestion, Enquiry, Affirmative, Please,Yes, please, No, thanks

1. Will you please have another cup of tea?

(a) Yes, please (b) No, thanks/No, thank you.

2. Are you staying with me?

(a) Yes, please.

(b) No, thanks/No, thank you.

2. Thanks:

Thank you, Many many thanks, request, proposal, Thanks, Thank you, Yes, thank you/thanks, yes, thank
you, No, thank you.
Examples:

1. You helped me a lot. Thank you very much.

2. You gave me a very timely advice. Thank you.

3. Will you have another cup of tea?

Reply: No, thank you/yes, thank you.

4. Thank you for giving suggestion.

Positive reply: Yes, thank you.

3. Reply to ‘Thanks’

a) It’s all right.

b) My pleasure/It’s my pleasure.

c) No mention.

d) Welcome/You’re welcome.

4. Kindly:

1. Kindly leave my seat.

2. Kindly lend me your book.

5. Sorry:

I am very sorry, I cannot help you.

I am sorry I forgot to bring your book.

6. Excuse me

7. Pardon/I beg your pardon

8. May I/Allow me

‘May I help you?’

Allow me to help you.

9. Can/Could

Can I sit here?

Can I talk to you?
Could you recommend my application?
10. Would you mind?
‘Would you mind’
Would you mind telling me your name?
Would you mind shifting to that side?
Some common sentences:
1. I am very sorry.
2. I beg your pardon for my mistake.
3. Excuse me for my being late.
4. I shall never repeat this (or, such a) mistake.
5. I am really very sorry.
6. Kindly be quiet.
7. Please beg my apologies.
8. Kindly let me sit.
9. Can/Could I talk to you?
10. Excuse me for my plain speaking.
3. Relating to Welcome, Meeting and Parting
1. Welcome!
2. Hearty welcome to you!
3. You are most welcome.
4. Thanks for your coming.
5. Come in, come in, you are most welcome.
6. Come, please; have your seat/be seated.
7. Come please, you have come after a long time.
8. We were only waiting for you.
9. Pleased to meet you/Nice to meet you.
10. We are glad that you came.
11. You are most welcome every time.
4. Congratulations and Good Wishes
11. This will never happen again.
12. Kindly let me go.
13. Have I committed some mistake?
14. It’s your kindness/grace.
15. Kindly listen to me/ Kindly pay attention to
what I say.
16. I seek/need your blessings.
17. Pardon me, I never meant to hurt your
feelings.
18. It’s so gracious of you.
19. I crave your pardon.
20. I crave your blessings.
12. Now permit me to go.
13. Now I would like to go; I am getting late.
14. Thanks for your welcome and hospitality.
15. Please find some time to come.
16. I am so glad that I came here.
17. If you come, I shall feel so happy.
18. My visit put you to so much botheration.
19. All right, I shall come sometime again.
20. Now I’ll take leave of you.