LITERATURE SURVEY

Market-oriented cloud computing: Vision, hype, and reality for delivering it services
as computing utilities:
R. Buyya, C. Yeo, and S. Venugopal was says that This keynote paper: presents a 21st
century vision of computing; identifies various computing paradigms promising to
deliver the vision of computing utilities; defines Cloud computing and provides the
architecture for creating market-oriented Clouds by leveraging technologies such as
VMs; provides thoughts on market-based resource management strategies that encompass
both customer-driven service management and computational risk management to sustain
SLAoriented resource allocation; presents some representative Cloud platforms
especially those developed in industries along with our current work towards realizing
market-oriented resource allocation of Clouds by leveraging the 3rd generation Aneka
enterprise Grid technology; reveals our early thoughts on interconnecting Clouds for
dynamically creating an atmospheric computing environment along with pointers to
future community research; and concludes with the need for convergence of competing
IT paradigms for delivering our 21st century vision.

Cloud Computing and Grid Computing 360-Degree Compared:

I. Foster, Y. Zhao, I. Raicu, and S. Lu said the Cloud Computing has become another
buzzword after Web 2.0. However, there are dozens of different definitions for Cloud
Computing and there seems to be no consensus on what a Cloud is. On the other hand,
Cloud Computing is not a completely new concept; it has intricate connection to the
relatively new but thirteen-year established Grid Computing paradigm, and other relevant
technologies such as utility computing, cluster computing, and distributed systems in
general. This paper strives to compare and contrast Cloud Computing with Grid
Computing from various angles and give insights into the essential characteristics of
both.
Estimating total power consumption by servers in the US and the world:
J. Koomey said that the Data centers are a significant and growing component of
electricity demand in the United States. This paper presents a bottom up model that can
be used to estimate total data center electricity demand within a region as well as the
potential electricity savings associated with energy efficiency improvements. The model
is applied to estimate 2008 U.S. data center electricity demand and the technical potential
for electricity savings associated with major measures for IT devices and infrastructure
equipment. Results suggest that 2008 demand was approximately 69 billion kilowatt-
hours (1.8% of 2008 total U.S. electricity sales) and that it may be technically feasible to
reduce this demand by up to 80% (to 13 billion kilowatt-hours) through aggressive
pursuit of energy efficiency measures. Measure-level savings estimates are provided,
which shed light on the relative importance of different measures at the national level.
Measures applied to servers are found to have the greatest contribution to potential
savings.

Experiment and Workflow Management Using Cyberaide Shell

G. von Laszewski, A. Younge, X. He, K. Mahinthakumar, and L. Wang, was said in
recent years the power of Grid computing has grown exponentially through the
development of advanced middleware systems. While usage has increased, the
penetration of Grid computing in the scientific community has been less than expected by
some. This is due to a steep learning curve and high entry barrier that limit the use of
Grid computing and advanced cyberinfrastructure. In order for the scientists to focus on
actual scientific tasks, specialized tools and services need to be developed to ease the
integration of complex middleware. Our solution is Cyberaide Shell, an advanced but
simple to use system shell which provides access to the powerful cyberinfrastructure
available today. Cyberaide Shell provides a dynamic interface that allows access to
complex cyberinfrastructure in an easy and intuitive fashion on an ad-hoc basis. This is
accomplished by abstracting the complexities of resource, task, and application
management through a scriptable command line interface. Through a service integration
mechanism, the shell’s functionality is exposed to a wide variety of frameworks and
programming languages. Cyberaide Shell includes specialized experiment management
and workflow commands that, with the scriptable nature of a shell, provide a set of
services which where previously unavailable. The usability of Cyberaide Shell is
demonstrated using a Water Threat Management application deployed on the TeraGrid.

Dynamic virtual clusters in a grid site manager

Author: J. Chase, D. Irwin, L. Grit, J. Moore, and S. Sprenkle were said the presents new
mechanisms for dynamic resource management in a cluster manager called Clusteron-
Demand (COD). COD allocates servers from a common pool to multiple virtual clusters
(vclusters), with independently configured software environments, name spaces, user
access controls, and network storage volumes. We present experiments using the popular
Sun GridEngine batch scheduler to demonstrate that dynamic virtual clusters are an
enabling abstraction for advanced resource management in computing utilities and grids.
In particular, they support dynamic, policy-based cluster sharing between local users and
hosted grid services, resource reservation and adaptive provisioning, scavenging of idle
resources, and dynamic instantiation of grid services. These goals are achieved in a direct
and general way through a new set of fundamental cluster management functions, with
minimal impact on the grid middleware itself.