Program – multiyear project Objectives - translate mission into specific, concrete and NPV = investment + sigma Organizational Culture
+ sigma Organizational Culture - system of shared
Tangible – konstruksi, intangible – feasibility
study (Tuj : -Provides information and evidence
that the project is ‘doable’
-Demonstrates and efficient and effective use of
resources for a specified purpose)
karakteristik Project : pny tujuan, dibatasi waktu 2. Formal and informal organization that complements and
begin dan end, bth partisipasi lintas divisi dlm
organisasi,melakukan sesuatu yg blm pernah
dilakukan, Has specific time, cost, and
performance requirements.
Linking strategy to Project : Visi – Misi – Strategy Benefits of Project Portfolio Management
– Project – Sub Project - Major Task – Task
Sociocultural : leadership, problem solving,
teamwork, negotiation, politics, customer
expectations.
Technical : scope, WBS, schedule, resource
allocation, baseline budgets, status reports
PM in strategic management :
-Traditional Role-> planning and execution
-Modern Role -> to achieve business result and
winning the market place (strategic perspective)
Kesalahan krn project tdk sesuai strategi
-fokus pd mslh dg prioritas strategis yg rendah
-fokus ke beberapa customer drpd keseluruhan
pangsa pasar
-mencoba menyelesaikan semua isu customer
drpd focus pd 20% with 80% of the value
Review/revise mission -> internal / external
environment(SWOT) ->|who we are? -> new
goals and objectives -> portofiio of strategic
choices |what do we intend to be? -> strategy
implementation -> project selection -> projects|
how are we going to get there?
Mission - communicates and identifies the
purpose of the organization to all stakeholder
measurable terms (Specific, Measurable, Assignable, Realistic, pendapatan/(1+profit)pangkat waktu
Time related)
How strategies will be realized:
1. Allocation of resources (fund, people, management talents, Project Portfolio Matrix : Bread and butter
technological skills, and equipment)
support strategy projects
3. Planning and control system to ensure strategies are
effectively performed
4. Motivation for project contributors
-Builds discipline into the project selection process.
-Links project selection to strategic metrics.
-Prioritizes project proposals across a common set of criteria,
rather than on politics or emotion.
-Allocates resources to projects that align with strategic
direction.
-Balances risk across all projects.
-Justifies killing projects that do not support strategy.
-Improves communication and supports on project goals.
Portfolio of Projects by Type : compliance (must do), strategic
project, operational.
Selection criteria : financial (payback – mengabaikan nilai uang Budget and time constraints, Stability of
di masa dpn, tdk mempertimbangkan profit, NPV, IRR), non resource requirements.
financial(project of strategic importance to firm).
Payback : invest/ pendapatan. Rate of return =
pendapatan/payback period
Multicriteria selection model : checklist, multi- bind people together, thereby creating shared
weighted scoring model
(easy-profit), pearl(capitalize), white
elephant(eliminate), oyster(balance)
Project Management Structures : functional
organization, dedicated team, matrix structure
(weak form, balanced, strong), network org
Project Considerations :Size of project,
Strategic importance, Novelty and need for
innovation, Need for integration (number of
departments involved), Environmental
complexity (number of external interfaces),
Cultural dimension : member identity, team
emphasis, people focus, unit integration,
control, risk tolerance
norms, beliefs, values, and assumptions which
meanings.
Define project :1:Defining the Project Scope
2:Establishing Project Priorities(trade-off:
constraint, enhance, accept)
3:Creating the WBS (project – deliverable –
subdeliverable, lowest subdeliverable, cost
account, work package)
4:Integrating the WBS with the Organization
5:Coding the WBS for the Information System
Project scope checklist : project objective,
Deliverables, Milestones, Technical
requirements, Limits and exclusions, Reviews
with customer
Responsibility Matrix : list activities-participant
Project communication plan : what
information (milestone report, project status
reports &agendas, team status reports, issue
report, escalation report, outsourcing
performance, accepted change request,
oversight gate decision), target audience,
when, method, provider
Estimating time and cost : support good
decision, schedule work, how long and its cost,
worthed doing?, develop cash flow need,
progress project, develop time-phased
budgets and establish the project baseline.
Top down(strategic decision making, high
uncertainty, internal/small project, unstable
scope) : consensus, ratio, apportion, function
point, learning curves
Bottom up(cost time important, fixedprice
contract, customer wants details) : template
method, range estmate WBS work package,
parametric procedure applied to specific task
Tipe cost : direct, direct overhead, general &
administrative overhead