Chapter 1 Introduction to Chemistry S4

What is Chemistry?

1. Chemistry is the science concerned with the of substances, the structure

and of matter and the between them.
2. Chemistry in everywhere! For example:

Transportation Medicine

Food Preservation Agriculture

Consumer Products Building materials

3. In chemistry, you’ll study:

a. The basic units that make up these materials
b. How chemicals interact among each other, and
c. How to use the knowledge of the properties of these chemicals to produce new
substances.
4. Some of the chemistry-related careers:
a. Doctor, dentist, pharmacist
b. Forensic chemist
c. Food technologist
d. Farmer
5. Local chemical industries have contributed greatly to Malaysia’s economy, providing job
opportunities to people and improved health and standard of living.

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Scientific Method

Making an observation Making an inference Identifying the problem

Controlling the variables Identifying the variables Hypothesis

Planning and carrying out experiment Collecting and analysing data

Writing the experimental report Making conclusion

Describe an experiment to prove that the higher the temperature of water, the higher the rate of
diffusion of particles in the water. Your answer should include the following:

Aim
Hypothesis
Variables
Manipulated
Constant
Responding

Apparatus
Chemicals
Procedure
1. 50 ml of water is measured using a measuring cylinder and poured into five
100 ml beakers labelled A, B, C, D, E.
2. The temperature of the water in beaker A is recorded using a thermometer.
3. A little potassium manganate (VII) salt is added into the water.
4. A stopwatch is started immediately.
5. The time taken for the purple colour to diffuse through the water is
recorded.
6. The experiment is repeated for beakers B, C, D and E where the water is
heated to temperatures of 40 °C, 50 °C, 60 °C and 70 °C respectively before
the potassium manganate(VII) salt is added.

Tabulation of
data