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In order to refer to any nation, we normally need to know 4 words:

The name of the country e.g. Denmark, France, Catalonia


The adjective e.g. Danish, French, Catalan
The singular noun used for a e.g. a Dane, a Frenchwoman,
person from the country a Catalan
The plural expression to refer to e.g. The Danes, the French,
the population as a whole the Catalans

Place Adjective Person Population


America American An American The Americans
Belgium Belgian A Belgian The Belgians
Brazil Brazilian A Brazilian The Brazilians
Europe European A European The Europeans
Italy Italian An Italian The Italians
Kenya Kenyan A Kenyan The Kenyans
Morocco Moroccan A Moroccan The Moroccans
Norway Norwegian A Norwegian The Norwegians
Tyrol Tyrolean A Tyrolean The Tyroleans
Greece Greek A Greek The Greeks
Iraq Iraqi An Iraqi The Iraqis
Israel Israeli An Israeli The Israelis
Thailand Thai A Thai The Thais
China Chinese A Chinese The Chinese
Congo Congolese A Congolese The Congolese
Portugal Portuguese A Portuguese The Portuguese
Switzerland Swiss A Swiss The Swiss
Some exceptions:

Place Adjective Person Population


Britain British A British person The British
England English An Englishwoman The English
/ An Englishman
France French A Frenchwoman / The French
A Frenchman
Ireland Irish An Irishwoman / The Irish
An Irishman
Spain Spanish A Spaniard The Spanish
The Netherlands Dutch A Dutchwoman / The Dutch
/ Holland A Dutchman
Wales Welsh A Welshman / The Welsh
A Welshwoman
Denmark Danish A Dane The Danes
Finland Finnish A Finn The Finns
Poland Polish A Pole The Poles
Scotland Scottish A Scot The Scots
Sweden Swedish A Swede The Swedes
Turkey Turkish A Turk The Turks

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