PROBLEM 18.

69 (Continued)

(b) Force-couple system exerted on the wheel:

F′ = m an = − m rω 2 = −(18)(−1.15267 × 10−3 j)(94.248)2
= (184.3 N)j

H C = I xω i − I xy ω j − I xz ω k

 = ω × H = I ω 2 j − I ω 2k
M ′C = H C C xz xy

= 0 − ( −3.0848 × 10−3 )(94.248)2 k = (27.4 N ⋅ m)k

Force-couple system exerted by the wheel on the machine:
F = − F′ F = −(184.3 N) j 

M C = −M ′C M C = −(27.4 N ⋅ m)k 

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2065
 PROBLEM 18.70

When the 18-kg wheel shown is attached to a balancing machine and made
to spin at a rate of 12.5 rev/s, it is found that the forces exerted by the
wheel on the machine are equivalent to a force-couple system consisting of
a force F = (160 N)j applied at C and a couple M C = (14.7 N ⋅ m)k , where
the unit vectors form a triad which rotates with the wheel. (a) Determine the
distance from the axis of rotation to the mass center of the wheel and
the products of inertia I xy and I zx . (b) If only two corrective masses are to
be used to balance the wheel statically and dynamically, what should these
masses be and at which of the Points A, B, D, or E should they be placed?

SOLUTION

m = 18 kg, ω = 2π (12.5)i = (78.54 rad/s)i

(a) The force-couple system acting on the wheel is
F′ = −(160 N)j, M ′C = −(14.7 N ⋅ m)k
−F ′
F′ = m an = − m rω 2 r = yj + zk =
mω 2
− Fy′ 160
y= = = 1.441 × 10−3 m y = 1.441 mm
mω 2
(18)(78.54) 2
− Fz′
z= =0 r = 1.441 mm 
mω 2
H C = I xω i − I xy ω j − I xz ω k
 = ω × H = ω i × (I ω i − I ω j − I ωk)
M ′C = H C C x xy xz

( M C′ ) y j + ( M C′ ) z k = I xzω 2 j − I xyω 2 k
( M C′ ) z −(−14.7)
I xy = − = = 2.3831 × 10−3 kg ⋅ m 2
ω2 (78.54) 2

I xy = 2.38 × 10−3 kg ⋅ m 2 

( M C′ ) y
I xz = =0 I xz = 0 
ω2

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2066
 PROBLEM 18.70 (Continued)

(b) Positions for the balance masses.

y A = yB = − yE = − yD = 182 mm = 0.182 m

− x A = xB = xE = − xD = 75 mm = 0.075 m
Balance masses must be added to move the mass center to Point C and to reduce the product
of inertia to zero.
m A y A + mB yB + mE yE + mD yD + my = 0

(0.182)(mA + mB − mE − mD ) + (18)(1.441 × 10−3 )

m A + mB − mE − mD = −0.1425 kg (1)

m A x A y A + mB xB yB + mE xE yE + mD xD yD + I xy = 0

(0.075)(0.182)(− mA + mB − mE + mD ) + 2.3831 × 10−3 = 0

− mA + mB − mE + mD = −0.17459 kg (2)

To solve Eqs. (1) and (2), set mB = 0 and let m AD = m A − mD .

Then m AD − mE = −0.1425

and − m AD − mE = −0.17459

Solving, m AD = 0.01605 kg, mE = 0.1585 kg

Set mD = 0, so that m A = 0.01605 kg mE = 158.5 g 

 m A = 16.05 g 

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2067
 PROBLEM 18.71

Knowing that the assembly of Problem 18.65 is initially at rest

(ω = 0) when a couple of moment M 0 = M 0 j is applied to shaft CD,
determine (a) the resulting angular acceleration of the assembly,
(b) the dynamic reactions at C and D immediately after the couple
is applied.

SOLUTION

Using the principal axes G x′ y ′ z:

1
I x′ = 0, I y ′ = I z = mb 2
3
ω x′ = −ω sin β , ω y′ = ω cos β , ω z = 0

Angular momentum about G.

H G = I x′ω x′ i′ + I y′ω y′ j′ + I zω z k

1
H G = mb 2ω cos β j′
3
1
or, since j′ = i sin β + j cos β : H G = mb 2ω cos β (sin β i + cos β j) (1)
3
Rate of change of angular momentum.
 = (H
 ) 
Eq. (18.22): H G G Gxyz + Ω × H G = ( H G )Gxyz + 0

Since Ω = ω = 0 when couple is applied, thus,

 = (H
 ) 1 2
H G G Gxyz = mb α cos β (sin β i + cos β j) (2)
3

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2068
 PROBLEM 18.71 (Continued)

Equations of motion: Equivalence of applied and effective forces.

1 1
ΣM D = Σ(M D )eff : 2bj × (C x i + Cz k ) + M 0 j = mb 2α sin β cos β i + mb 2α cos 2 β j
3 3
1 1
−2bCx k + 2bC z i + M 0 j = mb 2α sin β cos β i + mb 2α cos 2 β j
3 3
Equating the coefficients of i, j, k:
1
i: 2bCz = mb 2α sin β cos β (3)
3
1
j: M 0 = mb 2α cos 2 β (4)
3
k: Cx = 0 (5)
(a) Angular acceleration.
3M 0
From Eq. (4), α= 
mb cos 2 β
2

(b) Initial dynamic reactions.

From Eq. (3),
1 1  3M 
Cz = mbα sin β cos β = mb sin β cos β  2 0 2 
6 6  mb cos β 

M 
Cz =  0  tan β
 2b 
Recalling Eq. (5), Cx = 0

M 
C= 0  tan β k 
 2b 
M 
ΣF = Σ(F)eff : C + D = 0, D = −C D = −  0  tan β k 
 2b 

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reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, or used beyond the limited
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2069