Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Canceled Debts,
Reminder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Department
of the Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Foreclosures,
Treasury
Common Situations Covered In
Internal
Revenue This Publication . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Service
Repossessions, Chapter 1. Canceled Debts . . .
Form 1099-C . . . . . . . . . .
..... 2
..... 3
2017 Returns
Price Reduced After Purchase . . . . . 5
Home Affordable Modification
Program . . . . . . . . . . . ..... 5
Exclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Bankruptcy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Insolvency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Insolvency Worksheet . . . . . . . . . . 6
Qualified Farm Indebtedness . . . . . . 7
Qualified Real Property
Business Indebtedness . ...... 8
Qualified Principal Residence
Indebtedness . . . . . . . ...... 9
Chapter 3. Abandonments . . . . . . . 13
Future Developments
For the latest information about developments
related to Pub. 4681, such as legislation
enacted after it was published, go to IRS.gov/
Pub4681.
What’s New
Get forms and other information faster and easier at: Qualified principal residence indebtedness.
• IRS.gov (English) • IRS.gov/Korean (한국어) Qualified principal residence indebtedness can
• IRS.gov/Spanish (Español) • IRS.gov/Russian (Pусский) only be excluded from income after December
• IRS.gov/Chinese (中文) • IRS.gov/Vietnamese (TiếngViệt)
There are several exceptions and exclu- Code A — Bankruptcy. Code A is used to less one of the exceptions or exclusions descri-
sions that may result in part or all of a canceled identify cancellation of debt as a result of a title bed later applies.
debt being nontaxable. See Exceptions and Ex- 11 bankruptcy case. See Bankruptcy, later.
clusions, later. You must report any taxable Amount of canceled debt. The amount in
canceled debt as ordinary income on: Code B — Other judicial debt relief. box 2 of Form 1099-C may represent some or
Form 1040 or Form 1040NR, line 21, if the Code B is used to identify cancellation of debt all of the debt that has been canceled. The
debt is a nonbusiness debt; as a result of a receivership, foreclosure, or amount in box 2 will include principal and may
Schedule C (Form 1040), line 6 (or Sched- similar federal or state court proceeding other include interest and other nonprincipal amounts
ule C-EZ (Form 1040), line 1), if the debt is than bankruptcy. (such as fees or penalties). Unless you meet
related to a nonfarm sole proprietorship; one of the exceptions or exclusions discussed
Schedule E (Form 1040), line 3, if the debt Code C — Statute of limitations or expi- later, the amount of the debt that has been can-
is related to nonfarm rental of real property; ration of deficiency period. Code C is used to celed is ordinary income and must be reported
Form 4835, line 6, if the debt is related to a identify cancellation of debt either when the on the appropriate form as discussed earlier.
farm rental activity for which you use Form statute of limitations for collecting the debt ex-
4835 to report farm rental income based pires or when the statutory period for filing a Interest included in canceled debt. If any in-
on crops or livestock produced by a tenant; claim or beginning a deficiency judgment pro- terest is included in the amount of canceled
or ceeding expires. In the case of the expiration of debt in box 2, it will be shown in box 3. Whether
Schedule F (Form 1040), line 8, if the debt a statute of limitations, an identifiable event oc- the interest portion of the canceled debt must
is farm debt and you are a farmer. curs only if and when your affirmative defense be included in your income depends on
Example 2—abandonment of business Help Access your online account (Individual tax-
or investment property securing nonre- payers only). Go to IRS.gov/Account to se-
course debt. In 2013, Robert purchased busi- If you have questions about a tax issue, need curely access information about your federal tax
ness property for $200,000. He borrowed the help preparing your tax return, or want to down- account.
entire purchase price, for which he wasn't per- load free publications, forms, or instructions, go View the amount you owe, pay online or
sonally liable, and gave the lender a security in- to IRS.gov and find resources that can help you set up an online payment agreement.
terest in the property. In 2017, Robert was un- right away. Access your tax records online.
able to continue making his loan payments. Review the past 18 months of your pay-
Because his loan balance was $185,000 and Preparing and filing your tax return. Find ment history.
the FMV of the property was only $150,000, free options to prepare and file your return on Go to IRS.gov/SecureAccess to review the
Robert decided to abandon the property on Au- IRS.gov or in your local community if you qual- required identity authentication process.
gust 1, 2017. Because Robert wasn't personally ify.
liable for the debt, the abandonment is treated The Volunteer Income Tax Assistance Using direct deposit. The fastest way to re-
as a sale or exchange of the property in tax year (VITA) program offers free tax help to people ceive a tax refund is to combine direct deposit
2017. Robert's amount realized is $185,000 who generally make $54,000 or less, persons and IRS e-file. Direct deposit securely and elec-
and his adjusted basis in the property is with disabilities, and limited-English-speaking tronically transfers your refund directly into your
$180,000 (as a result of $20,000 of depreciation taxpayers who need help preparing their own financial account. Eight in 10 taxpayers use di-
deductions on the property). Robert has a tax returns. The Tax Counseling for the Elderly rect deposit to receive their refund. IRS issues
$5,000 gain in tax year 2017. (Had Robert’s ad- (TCE) program offers free tax help for all tax- more than 90% of refunds in less than 21 days.
justed basis been greater than the amount real- payers, particularly those who are 60 years of
ized, he would have had a deductible loss.) The Delayed refund for returns claiming certain
age and older. TCE volunteers specialize in an-
lender sells the property at a foreclosure sale in credits. Due to changes in the law, the IRS
swering questions about pensions and retire-
2018. Robert has neither gain nor loss from the can’t issue refunds before mid-February 2018,
ment-related issues unique to seniors.
foreclosure sale. Because he wasn't personally for returns that properly claimed the earned in-
You can go to IRS.gov to see your options
liable for the debt, he also has no cancellation come credit (EIC) or the additional child tax
for preparing and filing your return which in-
of debt income. credit (ACTC). This applies to the entire refund,
clude the following.
not just the portion associated with these cred-
Free File. Go to IRS.gov/FreeFile. See if its.
Canceled debt. If the abandoned property se- you qualify to use brand-name software to
cures a debt for which you are personally liable prepare and e-file your federal tax return
and the debt is canceled, you will realize ordi- Getting a transcript or copy of a return. The
for free. quickest way to get a copy of your tax transcript
nary income equal to the canceled debt. This VITA. Go to IRS.gov/VITA, download the
income is separate from any amount realized is to go to IRS.gov/Transcripts. Click on either
free IRS2Go app, or call 1-800-906-9887 "Get Transcript Online" or "Get Transcript by
from abandonment of the property. You must to find the nearest VITA location for free
report this income on your return unless one of Mail" to order a copy of your transcript. If you
tax preparation. prefer, you can:
the exceptions or exclusions described in chap- TCE. Go to IRS.gov/TCE, download the
ter 1 applies. Order your transcript by calling
free IRS2Go app, or call 1-888-227-7669 1-800-908-9946.
to find the nearest TCE location for free tax Mail Form 4506-T or Form 4506T-EZ (both
Forms 1099-A and 1099-C. In most cases, if preparation.
you abandon available on IRS.gov).
real property (such as a home), Getting answers to your tax law
intangible property, or Using online tools to help prepare your re-
questions. On IRS.gov get answers to turn. Go to IRS.gov/Tools for the following.
tangible personal property held (wholly or your tax questions anytime, anywhere.
partly) for use in a trade or business or for The Earned Income Tax Credit Assistant
investment Go to IRS.gov/Help or IRS.gov/LetUsHelp (IRS.gov/EIC) determines if you’re eligible
pages for a variety of tools that will help for the EIC.
that secures a loan and the lender knows the The Online EIN Application (IRS.gov/EIN)
you get answers to some of the most com-
property has been abandoned, the lender helps you get an employer identification
mon tax questions.
should send you Form 1099-A showing infor- number.
Go to IRS.gov/ITA for the Interactive Tax
mation you need to figure your gain or loss from The IRS Withholding Calculator (IRS.gov/
Assistant, a tool that will ask you questions
the abandonment. Also, if your debt is canceled W4App) estimates the amount you should
on a number of tax law topics and provide
and the lender must file Form 1099-C, the have withheld from your paycheck for fed-
answers. You can print the entire interview
lender can include the information about the eral income tax purposes.
and the final response for your records.
abandonment on that form instead of on Form The First Time Homebuyer Credit Account
Go to IRS.gov/Pub17 to get Pub. 17, Your
1099-A. The lender must file Form 1099-C and Look-up (IRS.gov/HomeBuyer) tool pro-
Federal Income Tax for Individuals, which
send you a copy if the amount of debt canceled vides information on your repayments and
features details on tax-saving opportuni-
is $600 or more and the lender is a financial in- account balance.
ties, 2017 tax changes, and thousands of
stitution, credit union, federal government