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FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA
DEPARTAMENTO DE INGENIERIA QUÍMICA
CURSO: IQU-458 INGENIERÍA DE LAS REACCIONES QUÍMICAS
Homework 4
1 (25 %) The reaction of cyclohexanol and acetic acid in dioxane solution that is
catalyzed by sulfuric acid was studied by McCracken and Dickson [Ind. Eng. Chem.
Proc. Des. and Dev., 6 (286), 1967]. The esterification reaction is represented by
equation (1):
(1)
The reaction was carried out in a well-stirred batch reactor at 40 °C. Under these
conditions, the esterification reaction can be considered as irreversible, equation (2), at
conversions less than 70%.
(2)
The data shown in Table 1 and Table 2 were obtained using identical sulfuric acid
concentrations.
Determine the order of the reaction with respect to each reactant and the rate constant
for the forward reaction under the conditions of the two runs. The rate constant should
differ between runs, but the conditions are such that the order will not differ.
1
Table 2. Run 2, reaction of cyclohexanol and acetic acid
2 (25 %) You are designing a plug-flow reactor for the following gas-phase reaction:
a (14 %) What size of reactor will provide an effluent stream at the maximum dollar
value? B has a value of $60/lb mol; it costs $15 per lb mol to dispose of C. A has a
value of $10 per lb mol.
b (11 %) Suppose that E1 = 10000 Btu/lb mol and E2 = 20000 Btu/lb mol. What
temperature (400 to 700°F) would you recommend for a 400 ft3 CSTR?
Additional information:
Reaction conditions: 460°F, 3 atm pressure
Volumetric flow rate: 15 ft3/s at reaction conditions
Concentration of A in the feed: 4.47 x 10-3 lb mol/ft3
(3)
Where:
Mpi: mass of the product i
Mri: mass of the reagent i
Ppi: prize of product i
Pri: prize of reagent i
You must calculate and analyze the AV of route #1: synthesis of terephthalic acid by
oxidation of p-cymene with oxygen.
2
Route #1: Synthesis of terephthalic acid by oxidation of p-cymene with oxygen.
Oxidation reactions of p-cymene.
The chemical equations balanced with the chemical formulas of the substances involved
are shown below.
Where:
: p-cymene
: tertiary cymene hydroperoxide
:p-cymenol
: p-tolualdehyde
: p, - dimethylstyrene
:p- methylacetophenone
: cumenaldehyde
:p- isopropyl benzoic acid
: p- toluoic acid
: terephthalic acid
Process conditions:
Initial amount of p-cymene: 3 mmol
Operating temperature: 140 ° C
Pressure of O2: 20 bars
Catalyst: Mn / Fe / O
Catalyst quantity: 25 mg
Proportion of reagents: 0% excess oxygen.
No solvents present
Reaction time: 24 h
3
Table 3. Prices of substances involved in route #1 per kilogram and their quality
Substance Prize ($US/kg) Quality (%)
P-cymene 3.0 98%
Tertiary cymene hydroperoxide --- ---
P-cymenol 0.76 98%
P-tolualdehyde 1.01 99%
P, - Dimethylstyrene 1.88 98%
P- methylacetophenone 58.8 99%
Cumenaldehyde 90.0 100%
p- isopropyl benzoic acid 1 97%
P- toluoic acid 1.01 99.5%
Terephthalic acid 1.135 99%
Carbon dioxide 0 ---
Water 0 ---
Oxygen 0 ---
Conversion for each reagent involved in the oxidation of p-cymene: 100% for the p-
cymene.
The selectivities that are reported below are type S, that is, they are defined by equation
(4):
(4)
4 (12 %) Include, from literature, at least three equations used for calculating selectivity.
Remember to cite the complete reference.
Tener presente que se califica lo que se encuentra en el entregable, no es labor del calificador
"adivinar" de donde salen las gráficas, tablas, figuras, resultados; que no tengan su respectivo
sustento.
La nota de los ejercicios que se presenten en forma idéntica, será dividida entre los grupos
correspondientes.
Las tareas se deben entregar impresas, al igual que los programas que se hubieran
utilizado para la realización de los ejercicios. No se recibirán tareas en formato
electrónico. Solo se revisará y evaluará la información que se entregue en formato físico.