Short Course 360 Wcpa Aota 2018

The Weekly Calendar
Planning Activity (WCPA):

Analysis of Performance in
Persons with Acquired Brain
Injury
Dr. Joan Toglia, PhD, OTR/L, FAOTA &
Chelsea Steinberg, OTR/L & Andrea R. Mastrogiovanni,
MA,OTR/L
Short Course 360
AOTA Conference, 2017
April 21th, 2018
Rehabilitation, Disability, and Salt Palace 251, ABC
Participation, Salt Lake City
Presenters
Joan Toglia OTR/L, PhD, FAOTA
Dean & Professor, Occupational Therapy
School of Health & Natural Sciences
Mercy College, Dobbs Ferry, NY
Professional Associate, NYP Weill Cornell
Jtoglia@mercy.edu
Chelsea Steinberg OTR/L, MS

Andrea R. Mastrogiovanni, MA,OTR/L
NYP Weill Cornell Rehabilitation Department
Joan Toglia PhD, OTR 1

Outline
 Overview of WCPA
 Video illustration and summary
 Case Analysis, video
 Case example and treatment
 Research
WCPA- AOTA Press

 Generic- C-IADL Task
 Ability to use a list & enter information

accurately into a weekly schedule.
 Screens EF performance deficits
 Identifies underlying task errors

contributing to performance deficits

Wide Clinical Application
Applicable across a variety
 Ages 12-94 with of populations:
subtle EF deficits
- Normative data for
 Neurological Injury or
comparison (16-94)
illness stroke, TBI, brain tumor,
multiple sclerosis, mild cognitive
impairment, Parkinson’s Disease
 Chronic Illness
 Developmental Disorders
 Mental Health Disorders
www.Multicontext.net

WCPA: 3 Levels of
Complexity to Choose From
Level III
-Paragraph of appointments
Level II
-Irrelevant information included
-Unorganized list of appointments
Level I
-Requires sorting out relevant
-No cue provided
-Organized checklist of Information and pre-planning
Appointments
-Pre-planning/re-organization
required
-Cue to check list is provided
-Pre-planning not required
In addition to Levels of Difficulty

There are different versions of lists
 Alternate versions for retesting

 Adult Version – age 18-21
 Youth versions: Middle School (12-18);
High School (16-21)
 WCPA – S: College Student
 10 Item Version

WCPA- Let’s Try it
AOTA Press, or Eurospanbookstore.com or Amazon
General Similarities Across

Levels
 Same instructions, weekly calendar, rules

and scoring across levels and different
versions

WCPA Calendar Planning
Activity
 This activity involves putting appointments

and errands into this weekly schedule
(point). Here is a list of appointments that
need to be scheduled during the week
(point).
How does the WCPA require

EF Abilities
Cognitive
Planning
Flexibility
Inhibition Organization
Integration
and
Working Self
Memory Coordination Monitoriing
of EF
Processes

How Are These Skills Reflected in
the WCPA ?
EF includes the ability to….
 Manage interruptions
 Keep track of all information
 Inhibit distractions or competition
 Monitor time
 Plan ahead, organized approach
 Recognize / include details
 Switch/ shift between information
 Recognize conflicts/ obstacles and adjust
 Monitor and Recognize errors
Same Challenges Across Levels

 Sat & Sunday are Reversed
 Calendar ends before one of the appointments
 Times slots at 6:00pm change to 30 min
 Requires ability to take an “as if” perspective
 Distracting Questions

Administering & Scoring
the WCPA
Prior to administering….
 Review full manual carefully
 Choose level and then list
 Administer the WCPA to at least two to

three healthy people before administering
it to a client

During WCPA , Record the Following:
 Planning time and Total Time
 Total number of rules followed / Rule breaks

- No appointment wed
- Does not answer any of the questions
- Monitors time
- Items not crossed out
- States when Finished
 Observations: refers to instruction sheet, marks list
 Strategy Checklist
WCPA: Key Areas Examined

 Performance
- Accuracy
- Analysis of Error Patterns
- Rule Following
- Efficiency
- Time for planning and completion
 Strategy Use
 Self-Monitoring & Awareness

Case Example
WCPA-10
Case 1- Stroke
 63 yo female, post stroke several years
 Working prior to stroke as administrative

assistant for a music/ recording company
 Indep in Ambulation, Lives with Husband, Has 2

grown children
 Complains of Difficulty Concentrating & thinking

Logically.

Summarize
 Performance
 Strategy Use: Frequency, type, efficiency,

awareness of strategies, strategy
generation
 Awareness: during, after; ability to

identify challenges, perception of task
difficulty and performance

Initial WCPA 10 Results
WCPA Variable Result Comment
Planning time 0:11
Total time 14:52 Estimated 1 hour
Entered Appointments 9
Accuracy 3 Across all categories

Errors 6
Rules Followed 2/5 Ans all 3 quest, scheduled
appt on Wed, Forgot time
Self Recognition of Errors 0
Efficiency 556
Summarize
 Performance
 Strategy Use: Frequency, type, efficiency,

awareness of strategies, strategy
generation
 Awareness: During – self-corrections,

After: ability to identify challenges,
perception of task difficulty & performance

Strategy Observations
Strategies Observed

Strategy Use
Frequency: 4
Strategy type
 Used her finger (partial)
 Crossed off appointments (cued - partial)
 Pauses and re-reads
 Self- Checks (inefficient)
 Went down the list in order (not strategy)
Strategy Awareness: Reports paying attention to specific days and

trying to match the assigned appointments to calendar accurately
Strategy Generation
 Check off appointments once entered from the start
 Go slowly; pace myself
 Check appointment days for conflicts prior to entering them
After Task: Rating of Task Challenge

Aware?
During
 No self-recognition of errors during task
 Self-checking but ineffective.

After
 Identified challenges – conflicting appointments
 Reports task as challenging but not aware of
performance difficulties
 Aware of Some Task Methods
 Aware of inefficiencies and need to use different
methods
 Poor time awareness
Interpretation
 Avoid over-interpretation of accuracy
score !
 Look at pattern of scores simultaneously

+
Observations and responses to after task
interview

Initial Performance Profile
Case 2
WCPA-17
Outpatient

Background
 35 yo male client lives with his wife in a walk up apartment
in NYC
 S/p resection of L brain tumor
 Referred to outpatient OT
 Worked full time prior to tumor resection as a soccer
coach and manager of a soccer club.
 Responsible for planning out soccer workouts, with each workout
tailored to one theme and then breaking down that theme into
various activities.
 Used a computer application that helps him complete
typed workout plans.
 Responsible for scheduling 1:1 sessions as well as
matches within the facility, including all teams in all
divisions.
Functional Concerns
.
 MoCA = 24/30
 word finding difficulties.
 Overwhelmed hen there are multiple

conversations in one room at one time.
 Client’s wife reports he had difficulty

following the steps to a simple recipe
(brownie mix) and was noted to complete
steps out of order

WCPA Results – 17 item:
WCPA Variable Results
Planning time 50 secs
Total time 13 mins
Entered Appointments 15/17
Accuracy 13
Errors 2 + 2 missing = 4
Rules Followed 3/5
Efficiency 78.9
Efficiency Score:
speed–accuracy trade-off
Total time in seconds = Efficiency

weighted accuracy score
Different Patterns
High score, Fast time
Low score, Fast time
High score, Slow time
Low score, Slow time

Performance Profile- Norm Comparison

Awareness of Performance –
Self Ratings
Awareness/Client Perception
of Task Difficulty
Therapist Client Difference Comments

or Actual (Therapist –
Client)
Self-ratings 14 12 2 Slight Overest.
Time 13 10-15 0 Accurate
estimation mins mins estimation
Accuracy 13 15 2 Slight
estimation overestimation

WCPA Summary & Interpretation
Awareness – Generally aware but slightly over-

estimates performance.
Performance
- Omission errors, misses details/info
- Difficulty keeping track (rules)
Strategy Use - Uses strategies
Cognitive Performance Error

Patterns
 Reports “glossing over" information frequently

 Tends to jump into tasks quickly without
preplanning
 Omission errors or misinterpretations (due to
missing information); Misses key details.
 Difficulty pacing or regulating speed

You are on vacation in a city that you have
never been to before. You are arriving on
Sightseeing & Events
Monday at 11:00am and leaving on Saturday Schedule Activity
at 12:00 noon. You want to go on as many
Tours as possible Paying Cash Only. Make a
schedule of all of the possible Tours that you
could go on.
Information Sheet
Case 3
Outpatient Rehabilitation Setting

Background
• 70 yo Caucasian Male
• GBM - Length of time since onset - 1 month
• Prior level of function = completely independent
• Lives with is wife - elevator apartment
• Retired portfolio manager
• Frequently travels to France - where he has a second home
• Recently began learning French
• Avid passion for cooking, involved in meal planning and grocery shopping
• Socially active, went to the theatre weekly with wife
• Followed daily routine, read the newspaper every morning upon waking
Functional and Cognitive Status

• MoCA = 24
Current IADL Status:

• Wife assisting with all IADLs including: medication management,
meal prep, grocery shopping and finances at home.
• Requires supervision to leave apartment and ambulate in the

community
• Wife managing patient’s medical appointments and daily
schedule

Performance Profile
After Task Interview

QUESTION
There were a couple of overlapping
Did you experience appointments/conflicting times like the MD appointment
any difficulties? and art show. I put art show on the wrong day.
I read the list and tried to remember the rules.

Tell me how you
went about doing I payed attention to time, date, and how long each
this?
appointment was.
I used checked marks and I reviewed my work (pause

and re-read)
Would you do I would have arranged appointments different. I should

anything read all appointments before starting – pre-plan.
differently next
time?

Awareness of Performance
Self Ratings
12
Awareness/Client Perception of Task Difficulty
Therapist or Client Difference Comments

Actual (Therapist –
Client)
Self-ratings 12 9 3 Overestimation
Time 7 mins 40 12 5 mins, 20

estimation secs mins secs Under-estimation
Accuracy
estimation 5 8 3 Overestimation

Error Pattern Analysis
WCPA 10 Results
WCPA Variables
Planning time 13 secs
Total time 7 mins, 40 secs
Accuracy 5
Errors 5
Rules Followed 5

Summary of Performance and
Observations
 During Task
 Adequate initiation, however was planning time adequate?
 Followed list of errands in order vs. planning to enter fixed appointments
first
 Missing the concept of the “whole”; tendency to only focus on parts of the
list or instructions.
 Using some effective strategies: Crossing off appointments, using his
finger, pausing and re-reading
 Minimal reorganization of materials
 After Task:
 Noticed there were flexible and fixed appointments that conflicted
 Aware that he followed all rules
 Aware that he made errors (did he fully understand he misinterpreted
instructions?)
Summary and Interpretation:

Awareness and Strategy Use
 Awareness:
 Decreased awareness of cognitive and functional performance
 Gives vague response about difficulty areas, cannot specify or elaborate on
challenges
 Perception of performance mismatches at times (reports ease with WCPA
but is aware errors were made)
 Strategy Use
 Unaware of used strategies during WCPA, some being inefficient
 No true strategy generation pre or post task
 Vague conceptualization of pre-planning in post task interview
 Aware of errors however cannot figure out how to prevent errors next time
using strategy
 Unable to generalize similarities of task to other daily iADLs, such as
managing his own errands/appointments

SRSI
QUESTION INITIAL EVALUATION
Emergent Awareness I get stuck sometimes.
How do you know that you I just feel more fatigued when I can’t
experience difficulties concentrate.
I have trouble remembering things I did the
day before.
Anticipatory Awareness It doesn’t happen that much.

When most likely to experience I think it happens more when I am doing
difficulty ? something unfamiliar.
Strategy Awareness I have not thought of any strategies.
Any Strategies that could help?
Strategy Use I am not using any specific strategies, I just
What strategies are you currently try to take my time.
using
Low – moderate awareness and strategy generation/use
Daily Living Questionnaire

Parts 1 & 2
Part 2 – Everyday Cognitive

Part 1 – Daily Activities
Symptoms
Household tasks 2.0
Memory 1.75
Activities involving language, 1.6
comprehension, or Executive functioning – self 1.8
expression monitoring
Community participation 1.6 Overall executive functioning 2.09
(working memory,
Complex tasks 2.0
multitasking, organization)

Daily Living Questionnaire
Part 3
Question Initial Evaluation
How would you rate your overall ability to think? Very good
How would you rate your overall ability to function? Very good
How much have your roles/responsibilities within your Slightly
household changed?
How much have your roles/responsibilities within your Slightly
community and/or work changed?
How satisfied are you with your ability to do what you Somewhat satisfied
need to do in your daily life?
How satisfied are you with your ability to do what you Somewhat satisfied
want to do in your daily life?
How much has your injury/illness changed your life? Slightly
Treatment Implications?
 Based on current level of insight,
performance limitations and specific
cognitive perceptual impairments…
 What type of treatment approach would be
best to use?
 What kinds of activities would you choose?
 What activity demands would you create?
 Is this patient appropriate for Strategy

Training? Metacognitive training?

Treatment Implications
 Activities:
 Following a list of TV shows and finding them on a calendar (working
memory and shifting)
 Creating a daily schedule of sightseeing events based on specific criteria
and conflicts (planning and organizing)
 Planning and executing morning ADL routine using a checklist (planning
and initiation)
 Keeping track of and listing steps to make a simple hot meal (working
memory, sequencing and planning)
 Activity Demands
 Organization and Planning – multiple choices and options to take or make
 Multiple steps or criteria to follow
 Keeping track of additional information during task (following rules, attention
to a time, ignoring distractors)
Functional Cognitive Activity Sets

 Schedule & Menu Activity Sets
 Alternate activities allow for immediate
assessment of carryover and transfer of
strategies
 Self-Evaluation checklists or templates for all
activities (to allow for client self-checking)
www.multicontext.net

Sample Schedule
Module Activities-
Class and Activity # 5
Self Check Answer Sheet
Find all of the sports shows TV Schedule Activity # 5

and write them in the same
location on blank schedule 1
Find the News shows and

write them in the same
location on blank schedule 2

Case 4
Inpatient Rehabilitation Setting
Background
• 65 YO Caucasian Male
• L Cerebellar CVA - Length of time since onset-12 days
• Prior level of function = completely independent
• Lives with his wife – 20th floor elevator apartment
• College professor of literature

Functional and Cognitive
Status
• Weakness, decreased ROM, balance deficits, decreased
coordination, Ataxic gait, R lateral trunk lean
• Overall ADL performance: supervision – minimal
assistance
• Oriented x 3, able to follow 2 step commands
• MoCA=26
• FIM = Initial (39) Discharge (49) *OT items
Functional and Cognitive

Status
 Neuropsychology Results:
 Relative strengths were noted in attention, working memory, cognitive flexibility, inhibitory control,
processing speed, phonemic and semantic fluency, and visuospatial construction.
 Mild deficits were noted in aspects of memory, such as learning and retrieval of newly learned verbal
information. However, retention of new information was within normal limits and the patient benefitted
from external cues to assist his recall.
 Interdisciplinary Observations:
 Impulsive tendency, able to recognize errors after the fact, requires cueing for pacing
and intervention for impact of tendency to minimize errors.

WCPA Results
WCPA Variable Results
Planning time 30
Total time 6 min, 5 sec
Accuracy 6
Errors 4
Rules Followed 3/5
Location
Location and SR
Location and SR
Location and SR

Strategies
• Consistently used finger, verbal rehearsal, and checking off appts entered
• Occasionally entered fixed appointments first, then flexible and
underline/circled key words
After Task Interview

QUESTION INITIAL EVALUATION
Did you experience any No.
difficulties?
Tell me how you went I’ve done scheduling for academics. I looked
about doing this? for flexible vs. inflexible appointments.
Would you do anything Pay attention more closely. I assumed tasks

differently next time? were easier than they were.

Awareness of Performance
Self Ratings
Error Pattern Analysis

Awareness/Client Perception
of Task Difficulty
Therapist or Client Difference Comments

Actual (Therapist –
Client)
Self-ratings 12 6 6 Overestimation
Time estimation 6 min < 10 Accurate estimation

mins
Accuracy 6 10 4 Overestimation
estimation
Performance Profile

WCPA Summary and Interpretation
General Awareness of Performance:

“Oh I looked too quickly” “I thought this
was going to be easy” “I assumed”
Performance: Tendency to minimize

errors, impulsive tendency
Strategy Use: Observed use of finger to

anchor for scanning; self checking
Types of Activities
 Class/Activity Schedule A (Search locate Level A) 29/30
Accuracy
 Entering Items on Weekly Schedule II 100% Accuracy
 Sightseeing & Event Schedule Level II Finding

information questions

Sample Treatment Activity
Identify items on the list that are
Also on the Schedule .
Try to look back at the list as few

times as possible
Treatment
 Kitchen Task

 Pacing; regulating of speed/actions in
order to improve performance
 Promotion of strategy use
 Presence of general awareness of

performance, goal to promote awareness
through insight into successes
WCPA Research

Normative Data- WCPA 17
 Middle/ High School: ages 12- 18; (n=109) (Zlotnik &
Toglia, 2018)
 Youth version – Level 2: ages 16-21, (n=49).
 WCPA- S - ages 20-34 (n= 96) – Lahav et al, 2015
 Adults – Level 2: n = 386, - 3 age groups
1) 18- 39 2) 40-64 3) > 65
 Adults – Level 3: N = 175, same age groups as above
WCPA 10– Healthy Adults

18-39 40-64 >65
N=82 N=89 N=84
Appts Entered 9.8 (.43) 9.8 (.60) 9.5 (.75)
Accuracy 8.2 (1.4) 7.8 (1.6) 7.1 (1.7)
Rules Followed 4.5 (.71) 4.5 (.80) 4.1 (.85)
Total Strategies 6.4 (2.1) 6.3 (2.4) 4.7 (2.4)
Planning Time 45 sec 45 sec 38 sec
Total Time 9.8 8.4 8.9
Efficiency 97.2 83.7 103.9

Adult Age & Cultural Similarities and
Differences in the WCPA
Toglia, J., Lahav, O., Ben Ari, E., & Kizony, R. (in press).
Similarities
 375 Americans and 433 Israeli healthy adults across 3 age
groups (20-39; 40-64; 65-87),
 Accuracy scores were similar in both countries
 Significant differences between adults below and above
age 65, in both countries, on the majority of WCPA
variables
 Older persons > 65 in both countries were less accurate,
efficient and strategic than younger adults (p< .05).
 Total time was not significantly different between the
youngest and oldest groups
ABI vs Healthy- WCPA:10

58 ABI (78% CVA, 22% Brain Tumor/TBI) & 58 Age/ Gender Matched
Controls. Average age = 63 (24-87), 52% female
Healthy ABI T Score P

WCPA Average Average
# Entered appts 9.7 (.61) 8.4 (2.4) 4.1 .000

# Accurate Appts 7.9 4.9 7.4 .000
Total Strategies 5.8 (2.2) 4.1 (2.6) 3.7 .00
Rules Followed 4.3 (.74) 3.5 (.98) 4.9 .000
*Total Time 8.9 10.4 -1.6 .11
* Efficiency 90 170 -3.7 .000
* Median and Mann Whitney-U

Relationship between MoCA
& WCPA 10 in ABI (n=57)
 Average MoCA Score = 23 (median = 24)
 Weak but significant relationship between MoCA

and WCPA 10
MoCA
Accuracy .39*
Entered .17
Rules .24
Strategies .22
Initial Validation in Stroke in Israel

Racheli Kizony, Rana Tobia Kassis & K Goldenber, Nuha Amer & B Marom
 Hebrew Version - 20 people with stroke, 20 Controls

(average age =58). Significant differences between groups
for time, accuracy, rules followed Tobia-Kassis, 2015
 Arabic Version – 19 people with stroke, 19 controls,

(average age 59). Found significant difference between
groups in accuracy, total time and efficiency
 Correlations between MoCA (EF and visuospatial) and

WCPA for accurate meetings (r=.76), # strategies (.55) &
efficiency (.57)

Other Research Projects
 Adults with Multiple Sclerosis compared to Healthy controls – Yael
Goverover PhD
 Adolescents with Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsies (IGE) – Sharon

Zlotnik PhD, University of Haifa. Israel
 Adolescents with ABI, Meghan Doherty OTD, Washington University
 College Students – USC, Sharon Cermak PhD, OTR/L
 Adolescents with Concussion, Heather Forst, Gillette Children’s

Healthcare, Specialty, Minnesota
 Adolescents/ Adults – Test-restest reliability – outpatient psychiatric

services (Sweden)
Interpretation
1) Accuracy & Efficiency-
Normative Comparison - WCPA-17
Percentile tables in manual
2) Analysis of Performance patterns and

errors
3) Strategy Use, Strategy Generation (ATI),
Awareness of Strategy Use (ATI),
4) Error Recognition, Perception of Task
Challenge (ATI) and performance (ATI)

Summary: In Addition to Normative
Comparison…..
 Provides in-depth information on the
process and quality of performance
 Provides unique information on task

efficiency, strategy use, and self-
monitoring skills
 Yields results - directly relevant to

treatment
WCPA – Tips For Use In Practice
 Best utilized after a cognitive or awareness

screening tool is administered.
 Pre-set WCPA packets – ease with
administering efficiently and quickly.
 Organize your recording materials prior to
administration.
 Analyze patterns of performance and utilize
these to tailor similar treatment activities.

References
 Doherty, M., Dodd, J., & Berg, C. (2017). Validation of the weekly calendar planning activity with
teenagers with acquired brain injury. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 98, 130
 Lahav, O., & Katz, N. (2015). Weekly calendar planning activity for university students: Comparison of
individuals with and without ADHD by gender. Journal of Attention Disorders, 19, 1-11.
 Stephens, J. A., & Berryhill, M. E. (2016). Older adults improve on everyday tasks after working
memory training and neurostimulation. Brain stimulation, 9(4), 553-559
 Toglia, J., & Berg, C. (2013). Performance-based measure of executive function: Comparison of
community and at-risk youth. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 67, 515–523.
 Toglia, J. (2015). Weekly calendar planning activity. AOTA Press: Bethesda, MD.
 Toglia, J., Lahav, O., Ben Ari, E., & Kizony, R. (in press). Adult Age and Cultural differences in the
Weekly Calendar Planning Activity (WCPA). American Journal of Occupational Therapy.
 Toglia, J. & White, S. (in press). The Weekly Calendar Planning Activity. . In B. J. Hemphill-Pearson
and C. K. Urish (Eds.) Assessments in Occupational Therapy Mental Health: An Integrative Approach
(3rd Ed.). Slack Inc: Thorofare, NJ.
 Weiner, N. W., Toglia, J., & Berg, C. (2012). Weekly calendar planning activity (WCPA): A
performance-based assessment of executive function piloted with at-risk adolescents. American
Journal of Occupational Therapy, 66, 699–708.
 Zlotnik, S., & Toglia, J. (2018). Measuring Adolescent Self-Awareness and Accuracy Using a
Performance Based Assessment and Parental report. Frontiers in Public Health, 6(15), 1-9.

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The Weekly Calendar

Planning Activity (WCPA):

Chelsea Steinberg OTR/L, MS

Joan Toglia PhD, OTR 1

 Video illustration and summary

 Case Analysis, video

 Case example and treatment

WCPA- AOTA Press

 Ability to use a list & enter information

 Screens EF performance deficits

 Identifies underlying task errors

Joan Toglia PhD, OTR 2

 Mental Health Disorders

Joan Toglia PhD, OTR 3

-Pre-planning not required

In addition to Levels of Difficulty

 Alternate versions for retesting

Joan Toglia PhD, OTR 4

AOTA Press, or Eurospanbookstore.com or Amazon

General Similarities Across

 Same instructions, weekly calendar, rules

Joan Toglia PhD, OTR 5

 This activity involves putting appointments

How does the WCPA require

Joan Toglia PhD, OTR 6

 Keep track of all information

 Inhibit distractions or competition

 Plan ahead, organized approach

 Recognize / include details

 Switch/ shift between information

 Recognize conflicts/ obstacles and adjust

 Monitor and Recognize errors

Same Challenges Across Levels

 Calendar ends before one of the appointments

 Times slots at 6:00pm change to 30 min

 Requires ability to take an “as if” perspective

Joan Toglia PhD, OTR 7

 Choose level and then list

 Administer the WCPA to at least two to

Joan Toglia PhD, OTR 8

 Total number of rules followed / Rule breaks

 Observations: refers to instruction sheet, marks list

WCPA: Key Areas Examined

 Self-Monitoring & Awareness

Joan Toglia PhD, OTR 9

 Working prior to stroke as administrative

 Indep in Ambulation, Lives with Husband, Has 2

 Complains of Difficulty Concentrating & thinking

Joan Toglia PhD, OTR 10

 Strategy Use: Frequency, type, efficiency,

 Awareness: during, after; ability to

Joan Toglia PhD, OTR 11

Total time 14:52 Estimated 1 hour

Accuracy 3 Across all categories

 Strategy Use: Frequency, type, efficiency,

 Awareness: During – self-corrections,

Joan Toglia PhD, OTR 12

Joan Toglia PhD, OTR 13

Strategy Awareness: Reports paying attention to specific days and

After Task: Rating of Task Challenge

Joan Toglia PhD, OTR 14

 Self-checking but ineffective.

 Look at pattern of scores simultaneously