Name : Ahmad Aprizal

Nim : 07041281621073

Mata Kuliah : Bahasa Inggris/English III

Confusing Word

1. Accidental and Incidental

The adjective accidental means unintentional or happening by chance.

The adjective incidental means secondary or nonessential. It often refers to something that
occurs in connection with a more important activity or event.

2. Affect and Effect

Affect is usually a verb meaning to influence. Effect is usually a noun meaning result. When used
as a verb, effect means to cause. (Also see the usage notes below.)

NOTE: If you’re in a professional field related to psychology or psychiatry, you are probably
familiar with a special use of affect (with stress on the first syllable) as a noun meaning “an
expressed or observed emotional response.” However, this technical term seldom appears in
everyday (non-technical) writing.

3. Aid and Aide

The verb aid means to assist: to provide what is needed to achieve a goal. The noun aidrefers to a
person or thing that provides assistance.

An aide (from aide-de-camp) is a person who acts as a helper or an assistant.

4. Allot, A Lot, and Alot

The verb allot means to give or allow a share or portion of something.

A lot means a large amount. (A lot is often a less formal way of saying many or much).
Always spell a lot as two words, not one. (Alot is regarded as a misspelling of a lot.) See Avoid
These 10 Words in Formal Writing.

5. Awhile and A While

The adverb awhile (one word) means for a short time: “Stay awhile.”

The noun phrase a while (two words) refers to a period of time: “I sat for a while and waited.”

6. Continual and Continuous

Continual means “frequently repeated” (that is, going on with occasional interruptions).

Continuous means “unceasing” (going on without interruption).

7. Demur and Demure

The verb demur means to object, to hesitate, or to voice opposition. As a noun, demurmeans an
objection, hesitation, or delay.

The adjective demure means modest, reserved, or shy–or seemingly modest or shy.

8. Discreet and Discrete

The adjective discreet means prudently self-restrained or tactful. (The adjective discreet is
related to the nouns discretion and discreetness.)

The adjective discrete means distinct or separate. (The adjective discrete is related to the
noun discreteness.)

9. Emigrate and Immigrate

These two verbs have similar meanings, but they differ in point of view. Emigrate means to leave
one country to settle in another. Immigrate means to settle in a country where one isn’t a
native. Emigrate stresses leaving; immigrate stresses arriving.
For example, from the point of view of the British, you emigrate when you leave England to
settle in Canada. From the point of view of the Canadians, you have immigrated to Canada and
are considered an immigrant. Emigrate describes the move relative to the place of
departure. Immigrate describes it relative to the place of arrival.

10. Evoke and Invoke

The verb evoke means to summon, call forth, or call to mind.

The verb invoke means to call for support or assistance, or to summon with incantations.

11. Fortunate and Fortuitous

The primary meaning of fortunate is “lucky” or “auspicious.”

The primary meaning of fortuitous is “accidental.” In recent decades, however, fortuitous has
been used synonymously with fortunate and felicitous.

12. Good and Well

Good is usually an adjective (a good book, a good job). Good can also function as a noun (the
common good).

Well is usually an adverb (runs well, a well-written essay).

In formal speech and writing, the adjective good generally follows linking verbs such as be,
seem, taste, and appear.

13. Hanged and Hung

For centuries, hanged and hung were used interchangeably as the past participle of hang.

However, most contemporary usage guides insist that hanged, not hung, should be used when
referring to executions: convicted killers are hanged; posters are hung.
 14. Lay and Lie

The transitive verb lay means to put or place; it takes a direct object. The intransitive
verblie means to rest or recline; it does not take a direct object.

Don’t confuse the past and past participle forms of these verbs:

 LAY (present), laid (past), and laid (past participle)

 LIE (present), lay (past), and lain (past participle)

15. Literally and Figuratively

Traditionally, the adverb literally has meant “really” or “actually” or “in the strict sense of the
word.”

Most style guides continue to advise us not to confuse literally with figuratively, which means
“in an analogous or metaphorical sense,” not in the exact sense.

16. Moot and Mute

The adjective moot refers to something that is debatable or of no practical importance.

The adjective mute means unspoken or unable to speak.

17. Ordinance and Ordnance

The noun ordinance refers to a command, regulation, or long-established custom.

The noun ordnance refers to military equipment, such as weapons, ammunition, and combat
vehicles.

18. Penultimate and Ultimate

As both an adjective and a noun, penultimate means next to the last. (Penultimate is notmore
ultimate than ultimate. See Usage Notes below.)
The adjective ultimate means last, final, elemental, fundamental, or maximum. As a
noun, ultimate refers to a final point or result.

19. Sensual and Sensuous

The adjective sensual means affecting or gratifying the physical senses.

Sensuous means pleasing to the senses, especially those involved in aesthetic pleasure, as of art
or music. But as explained in the usage notes below, this fine distinction is often overlooked.

20. Tortuous and Torturous

The adjective tortuous means winding, crooked, complex, or devious, marked by repeated twists
and turns.

The adjective torturous means painful, causing torture, or extremely slow and difficult.