ChE 525

Environmental Engineering & ChE Ethics

1. Denitrification in an activated sludge plant involves
a) The oxidation of ammonia to nitrates
b) High concentrations of DO in the mixed liquor as it settles in the secondary clarifier
c) The biological oxidation of nitrates to nitric oxide
d) The biological reduction of nitrates to nitrogen gas
ANSWER:
2. The float blanket in a DAF unit appears well flocculated and concentrated. Too low a flight
speed would likely result in
a) Using excessive amounts of air c) Poor thickener underflow quality
b) Too low an air to solid ratio d) Float solids that are too thick
ANSWER:

3. Which one of the following statement is TRUE regarding trickling filters?

a) The TF process may be improved significantly by the addition of an aerated solids
contact which improves the settling of the sloughing
b) Letting a TF dry out is a common strategy for controlling psychoda
c) Reducing recirculation to a TF is an appropriate strategy to promote the nitrification
of ammonia
d) When calculating the organic loading rate to a TF, one should include the BOD of the
recirculated flow in this calculation
ANSWER:

4. This can be used as the total treatment system for municipal ww.
a) Shallow pond c) Deep pond
b) Facultative pond d) Lagoon
ANSWER:

5. Ground water is usually free from

a) Suspended impurities c) Both a and b
b) Dissolved impurities d) None of the choices
ANSWER:

6. As compared to shallow—wells, deep wells have

 a) More discharge c) Less Discharge
b) Less depth d) Discharge
ANSWER:

7. The polluted water is one which

a) Contains pathogenic bacteria
b) Consists of undesirable substances rendering it unfit for drinking and domestic
use
c) Is safe and suitable for drinking and domestic use
d) Is contaminated
ANSWER:

8. The most common cause of acidity in water is

a) CO2 c) Hydrogen
b) Oxygen d) Nitrogen
ANSWER:

9. The settling velocity of a particle in a sedimentation tank is increased

a) If particle size is decreased
b) The depth of the tank is decreased
c) The surface area of tank is increased
d) None of the choices
ANSWER:

10. The detention period and overflow rate respectively for plain sedimentation as compared to
sedimentation with coagulation are
a) Less and more c) More and less
b) Less and less d) More and more
11. The amount of coagulant needed for coagulation of water increases with
i. increase in turbidity of water
ii. decrease in turbidity of water
iii. increase in temperature of water
iv. decrease in temperature of water
The correct answer is
a) (i) & (ii) c) (ii) & (iii)
b) (i) & (iv) d) (ii) & (iv)
ANSWER:

12. Alum as a coagulant is found to be most effective when pH range of water is

 a) 2 to 4 c) 6 to 8
b) 4 t0 6 d) 8 to 10
13. Assertion A: Slow sand filters are more efficient in removal of bacteria than rapid sand
filters.
Reason R: The sand used in slow sand filters is finer than that in rapid sand filters.
Select your answer based on the coding system given below:
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
c) A is true but R is false
d) A is false but R is true
ANSWER:

14. Disinfection of water results in

a) Removal of turbidity c) Killing of disease bacteria
b) Removal of hardness d) Complete sterilization
ANSWER:

15. In chlorination, with the rise in temperature of water, death rate of bacteria
a) Increases c) Remains unaffected
b) Decreases d) NOTA
ANSWER:

16. Which of the following compounds is widely used for algae control?
a) Sodium sulfate c) Sodium Chloride
b) Copper sulfate d) Calcium chloride
ANSWER:

17. Activated carbon is used for

a) Disinfection c) Removing odours
b) Removing hardness d) Removing corrosiveness
ANSWER:

18. The suitable sewer system of sanitation for area of distributed rainfall throughout the year
with less intensity is
a) Sanitary c) Combined
b) Storm d) Separate
ANSWER:
19. The specific gravity of sewage is
a) Much greater than 1 c) Equal to 1
b) Lightly less than 1 d) Slightly greater than 1
20. The characteristics of fresh and septic sewage respectively are
a) Acidic and alkaline c) Both acidic
b) Alkaline and acidic d) Both alkaline
ANSWER:

21. The pathogens can be killed by

a) Nitrification c) Oxidation
b) Chlorination d) Coagulation
ANSWER:

22. Which of the lowing retards the self purification of stream?

a) Higher temperature c) Satisfying oxygen demand
b) Sunlight d) None of the above
ANSWER:

23. Settling velocity increases with

a) Specific gravity of solid particles c) Depth of tank
b) Size of particles d) Temperature of Liquid
24. Dissolved oxygen in streams is
a) Maximized at noon c) Maximized at midnight
b) Conserved at noon d) Same throughout the day
25. Facultative bacteria are able to work in
a) Presence of oxygen only
b) Absence of oxygen only
c) Presence as well as in absence of oxygen
d) Presence of water
26. Corrosion in concrete sewers is caused by
a) Septic conditions c) Chlorine
b) Dissolved oxygen d) Nitrogen
27. If the sewage contains grease and fatty oils, these are removed in
a) Grit chambers c) Skimming tanks
b) Settling tanks d) Sedimentation tanks
28. Which of the following unit works in anaerobic conditions?
a) Sludge digestion tank c) Activated sludge
b) Sedimentation tank d) Trickling filters
ANSWER: Sludge digestion involves the treatment of highly concentrated organic wastes in the
absence of oxygen by anaerobic bacteria. The anaerobic treatment of organic wastes resulting
in the production of carbon dioxide and methane. A sludge digestion tank is a RCC or steel tank
of cylindrical shape with hopper bottom and is covered with fixed or floating type of roofs.
29. Sludge volume index is defined as the ratio of
a) Percentage of sludge by volume to percentage of suspended solids by weight
b) Percentage of sludge by volume to percentage of total solids by weight
c) Percentage of SS by weight to percentage of sludge by volume
d) Percentage of total solids by weight to percentage of sludge by volume
ANSWER: A calculation that indicates the tendency of activated sludge solids (aerated solids)
to thicken or to become concentrated during the sedimentation/thickening process.

30. The influent for rapid sand filter should be treated earlier by
a) Sedimentation with coagulation c) Violent agitation
b) Aeration d) Chlorination
31. Disease such as typhoid are caused by bacteria called
a) Aerobic c) Pathogenic
b) Anaerobic d) Heterotrophic
32. Suspended solid present in the wastewater generated in blast furnace gas cooling and
cleaning plant is removed by
a) Biological oxygen pond c) Lagoons
b) Settling tank using coagulant d) Filtration
33. Iron and manganese present as pollutant in water cannot be removed by
a) Ion exchange process
b) Oxidation followed by settling & filtration
c) Chlorination
d) Lime soda process

34. Aerobic biological oxidation ponds used for the purification of polluted water
a) Destroys/ removes pathogen from the sewage
b) Is not very effective for nonbiodegradable substances containing effluents
c) Destroys/removes pathogen much more effectively if the sewage is chlorinated
d) All of the choices
35. Polluted water having low BOD are most economically treated in
a) Sedimentation tanks c) Sludge digester
b) Oxidation ponds d) Clarifier
36. Coal washing waste water containing about 3% suspended solids (comprising of clay, slate,
stone etc) is treated for solid particles removal
a) By chemical coagulation
b) In sedimentation tanks equipped with mechanical scrapper
c) In vacuum filter
d) In clarifiers
37. In water treatment, rapid gravity filters are adopted to remove
a) Dissolved organic substances
b) Dissolved solids and dissolved gases
 c) Floating solids and dissolved inorganic solids
d) Bacteria and colloidal solids
38. Primary organisms responsible in the removal of phosphorous
a) Acinetobacter c) Nitrobacter
b) Nitrosomonas d) Rhizobium
39. It is modified activated sludge biological treatment process that utilizes long solids retention
times (SRTs) to remove biodegradable organics.
a) Step aeration c) Tapered aeration
b) Oxidation ditch d) Contact stabilization
40. Assertion A: The consumption of water increases with increase in the distribution pressure
Reason R: Higher distribution pressure causes more loss and waste of water.
Select your answer according to the coding system given below
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
c) A is true but R is false
d) A is false but R is true
41. Liquid ferric chloride may be used as a flocculant. This Chemical
a) Should be treated as an acid for purposes of safe handling
b) Should be stored in galvanized drums
c) Adds important alkalinity when used to remove phosphorus
d) Raises of pH of wastewater to which it is added
42. The depression of water table in a well due to pumping will be maximum
a) At a distance R from the well
b) Close to the well
c) At a distance R/2 from the well
d) None of the choices
ANSWER: Withdrawal of a thousand gallons per minute (a common pumping rate for high
volume wells) is an unnaturally rapid change in a groundwater system and results in some
major perturbations of the water table. Initially, water level drops very rapidly in the immediate
vicinity of the well. This lowering of the water table is known as drawdown, and may amount to
many tens of feet (see figure 1 below). This is why thinly saturated zones are unsuitable for high
volume pumping even if substantial water is present -- the saturated thickness must be large
enough so that the pump can remain completely submerged at maximum drawdown.

43. The devices which are installed for drawing water from the sources are called
a) Aquifers c) Filters
b) Aquiclude d) Intakes
44. Which of the following is not a water borne disease?
a) Dysentery c) Typhoid
b) Cholera d) Malaria
ANSWER: Waterborne diseases are caused by pathogenic microorganisms that most
commonly are transmitted in contaminated fresh water. Malaria is a mosquito-borne disease
caused by a parasite. People with malaria often experience fever, chills, and flu-like illness.
45. The maximum permissible limit for flouride in drinking water is
 a) 0.1 mg/L c) 5 mg/L
b) 1.5 mg/L d) 10 mg/L
ANSWER: According to WHO 1984 and Indian standard drinking water specification 1991
the maximum permissible limit of fluoride in drinking water is 1.5 ppm and highest desirable limit
is 1.0 ppm. Fluoride concentrations above 1.5 ppm in drinking water cause dental fluorosis and
much higher concentration skeletal fluorosis.

46. Standard EDTA solution is used to determine the

a) Hardness in water c) Dissolve oxygen in water
b) Turbidity in water d) Residual chlorine in water
ANSWER: Water hardness can be readily determined by titration with the chelating agent
(Greek χηλή, chelè, meaning claw) EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid). This reagent is a
weak acid that can lose four H (in bold) on complete neutralization.

47. Alkalinity in water is expressed as mg/L in terms of equivalent

a) Calcium carbonate c) Sodium carbonate
b) Magnesium carbonate d) Calcium hydroxide
ANSWER: Alkalinity of natural waters is due primarily to the presence of hydroxides,
bicarbonates, carbonates and occasionally borates, silicates and phosphates. It is expressed in
units of milligrams per liter (mg/l) of CaCO3 (calcium carbonate) or as microequivalents per liter
(ueq/l) 20 ueq/l = 1 mg/l of CaCO3.

48. Turbidity is measured on

a) Standard silica scale c) Standard platinum
b) Standard cobalt scale d) Platinum cobalt scale
ANSWER: Turbidity was measured by Jackson candle turbidity meter. The calibration
was done based on suspensions of silica from Fuller's earth. The depth of sample in the tube
was read against the part per million (ppm) silica scale with one ppm of suspended silica called
one Jackson Turbidity unit (JTU).

49. If the total hardness of water is greater than its total alkalinity, the carbonate hardness will
be equal to
a) Total alkalinity c) Total hardness-total alkalinity
b) Total hardness d) Non-carbonate hardness
ANSWER: Total hardness is defined as the sum of the calcium and magnesium
concentrations, both expressed as calcium carbonate in mg/L. When hardness (numerically) is
greater than the sum of carbonate and bicarbonate alkalinity, amount of hardness equivalent to
the total alkalinity is called “Carbonate hardness”.
50. The process in which the chlorination is done beyond the break point is known as
a) Perchlorination c) Superchlorination
b) Post chlorination d) Break point chlorination
ANSWER: Superchlorination is a water treatment process in which the addition of excess
amounts of chlorine to a water supply speed chemical reactions or insure disinfection within a
short contact time. This is a bump to your chlorine level, just a boost, to handle growing algae or
a large crowd having used the pool, or a larger crowd expected.

51. The treatment of water with bleaching powder is known as

a) Prechlorination c) Dechlorination
b) Super chlorination d) Hypochlorination
ANSWER: Hypochlorination refers to the use of chemicals that contain chlorine, but in
concentrations below 100%. In other words, the chlorine is chemically bound to other chemicals.
The two chlorine compounds we use for hypochlorination include calcium hypochlorite
(Ca(ClO)2) and sodium hypochlorite (NaClO).

52. Which of the following compounds is widely used for algae control?
a) Sodium sulfate c) Sodium chloride
b) Copper sulfate d) AOTA
ANSWER: Copper sulfate does not consider water alkalinity and the presence of fish in the
pond or lake to be treated. Fish populations in waters with total alkalinity values below
50 ppm (milligrams/liter) are sensitive to copper and may die if copper sulfate is used to treat
algae.

53. The effect of increasing diameter of sewer on the self-cleansing velocity is

a) To decrease it c) Fluctuating
b) To increase it d) Nil
ANSWER:

54. The rate of BOD exerted at any time is

a) Directly proportional to BOD satisfied
b) Directly proportional to BOD remaining
c) Inversely proportional to BOD satisfied
d) Inversely proportional to BOD remaining
ANSWER:
55. The means of access for inspection and cleaning of sewer line is known as
a) Inlet c) Drop manhole
b) Catch basin d) Manhole
ANSWER: The manhole is masonry or R.C.C. chamber constructed at suitable intervals along
the sewer lines, for providing access into them. Thus, the manhole helps in inspection, cleaning
and maintenance of sewer. These are provided at every bend, junction, change of gradient or
change of diameter of the sewer.

56. Formulates rules and policies on professional regulation.

a) Executive c) Quasi-judicial
b) Quasi—legislative d) AOTA
ANSWER:

57. The board of Chemical Engineering tasked for the questions on Chemical Engineering
principles.
a) Engr. Cyd Aguillera c) Engr. Jeffrey G. Mijares
b) Engr. Francisco A. Arellano d) Engr. Ofelia Bulaong
ANSWER:
58. The first PRC ChE Board Chairperson
a) Engr. Vivencio S. Araos c) Engr. Ofelai Bulaong
b) Engr. Ramon T. Feliciano d) Engr. Moises L. Miranda
ANSWER:
59. The Chemical Engineering Law of 2004
a) RA 9297 c) RA 6969
b) RA 318 d) RA 8293
ANSWER:
60. The intellectual Property Code of the Philippines
a) RA 9168 c) RA 9297
b) RA 8293 d) RA 9067
ANSWER:
61. Duration of trademarks
a) 1 yr from registration, renewable every 10 yrs
b) 10 yrs from registration, renewable every 1 yr
c) 1 yr from registration, renewable every year
d) 10 yrs from registration, renewable every 10 yrs
ANSWER:
62. The trade mark shown is Jollibee's
a) IP sign c) figurative mark
 b) Wordmark d) Composite mark
ANSWER:
63. The following are misleading marks according to the registrability of marks, except
a) Bareta c) Mindoro sling
b) Bolpen d) Buddha
ANSWER:
64. The Image implies
a) Trade mark c) Service mark
b) Trade name d) Collective mark
ANSWER:
65. The following are geographical indicators, except
a) Davao Pomela c) Dagupan Bangus
b) Kalinga Coffee d) Vida Pampanga
ANSWER:
66. Layout designs are given a protection of _________ from the filing date of the application.
a) 3 yrs c) 10 yrs
b) 5 yrs d) 50 yrs
ANSWER:
67. Patent has a protection of ___________ from the filing date of the application
a) 7 yrs c) 15 yrs
b) 10 yrs d) 20 yrs
ANSWER:
68. Industrial designs has a __________ date of the application.
a) 3 yrs c) 7 yrs
b) 5 yrs d) 10 yrs
ANSWER:
69. Refers to the protection extended to expressions and not to ideas, procedures, methods or
operation of mathematical concepts
a) Patent c) IP right
b) Copyright d) AOTA
ANSWER:
70. Refers to any visible sign capable of distinguishing the goods of an enterprise and shall
include a stamped.
a) Trademarks c) Industrial Design
b) Trade names d) IP Code
ANSWER:
71. If two or more persons have made an invention separately, the patent applies
a) First-to-file rule c) The best filer rule
b) More original filer rule d) None of the choices
ANSWER:
72. The intellectual property code of the Philippines was approved into law by
a) Pres. Arroyo c) Pres. Aquino, C
b) Pres. Ramos d) Pres. Estrada
ANSWER:
73. If any section of the Act shall be declared unconstitutional or invalid, such shall not
invalidate any other section of this Act is under
a) Repealing clause c) Separability clause
b) Penal clause d) General circulation
ANSWER:
74. A Filipino citizen who graduated from a foreign educational institution is qualified for the
board examination provided that s/he shall submit an endorsement from the _____ before
his application is accepted.
a) PRC c) CHED
b) DepEd d) PAASCU
ANSWER:
75. Qualifications of the board chairman and members
a) A registered chemical engineer who has been in active practice for at least 10 yrs
b) A member of good standing of the integrated and duly accredited national chemical
engineering profession
c) A natural born Filipino citizen and resident of the Philippines
d) All of the above
ANSWER:
76. If the BOD of a municipal wastewater at the end of 7 days is 60 mg/L the ultimate BOD is
85.0 mg/L, what is the rate constant?
a) 0.1748/d c) 0.23/d
b) 0.2210/d d) 0.1509/d
SOLUTION:
Given:
Y7 = 60 mg/L
BODu = 85 mg/ L
Required: Rate Constant, Ө

Solution:
Yt = BODu (1- e-kt)
 60 mg/L = 85 mg/ L (1- e-k(7 days) )
k= 0.1748/ day
ANSWER: a. k= 0.1748/ day
77. Assuming that the data in Prob. 76 were taken at 25 °C, compute the rate constant at 16oC.
a) 23/d c) 0.08/d
b) 0.15/d d) 0.01/d
SOLUTION:
Given: k25˚C = 0.1748/ day

Required: Rate Constant at 16oC, k16˚C

Solution:
kT = k20˚C Ө(T- 20)

0.1748/d = k20˚C (1.056(25-20)) k16˚C= 0.1331/ d (1.135(16-20))

k20˚C = 0.1331/ d k16˚C = 0.0802/ d

ANSWER: c. k16˚C = 0.0802/ d

78. A sample of municipal sewage is diluted to 1 % by volume prior to running a BOD5 analysis.
After 5 days the oxygen consumption is determined to be 2.00mg/L. What is the BOD5 of the
sewage?
a) 150 mg/L c) 250 mg/L
b) 200 mg/L d) 300 mg/L
SOLUTION:
Given:
BOD5 diluted = 2 mg/L
1% BOD5 sewage = BOD5 diluted
Required: BOD5
Solution:
BOD5 diluted
BOD5 sewage =
0.01

2mg/ 𝐿
BOD5 sewage = 0.01

BOD5 sewage = 200 mg/ L

ANSWER: b. 200 mg/L
79. If the BOD5 values for two livestock wastes having k values of 0.3800/day and 0.2400/day is
1623 mg/L, what would be the ultimate BOD for each, respectively?
a) 19.084 mg/L; 10.789 mg/L c) 10789 mg/L; 23.225 mg/L
 b) 19.084 mg/L ; 23.225 mg/L d) 23.225 mg/L; 19.084 mg/L
SOLUTION:
Given:
Y5 = 1623 mg/L
k1 = 0.3800/day
k2 = 0.2400/day
Required: BODu using k1, BODu using k1
Solution:
Yt = BODu (1- e-kt)
16230 mg/L = BODu (1- e-.38(5)) 16230 mg/L = BODu (1- e-.24(5))
BODu = 19084.4322 mg/ L BODu = 23225.3371 mg/ L
ANSWER: b. 19084.4322 mg/ L; 23225.3371 mg/ L
80. A wastewater has a five-day BOD equal to 210 mg/L (@ 20oC) and an ultimate BOD of 350
mg/L. Find the five—day BOD at 25oC.

a) 225 mg/L c) 245 mg/L

b) 325 mg/L d) 275 mg/L
SOLUTION:
Given: T= 20oC
Y5 = 210 mg/L
BODu = 350 mg/ L
Required: five—day BOD at 25oC
Solution:
Yt = BODu (1- e-kt)
210 mg/L = 350 (1- e-.k(5))
k20˚C = 0.1833/ d

kT = k20˚C Ө(T- 20) Y5= 350 (1- e-.0.2407(5))

k25˚C = 0.1833/ d (1.056(25-20)) Y5 = 244.9503 mg/L

k25˚C = 0.2407/ d

ANSWER: c. Y5 = 244.9503 mg/L

81. Assuming 0.1mm of glutamic acid is used in the following stoichiometric reactions, calculate
the theoretical NBOD of glutamic acid.
a) 7.1 mg/L c) 5.9 mg/L
b) 6.4 mg/L d) 4.7 mg/L
Given: glutamic acid= 0.1mm
Required: theoretical NBOD of glutamic acid
Solution:
C5H9O4N + 4.5 O2 → 5 CO2 + 3H2O + NH3
4.5 𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑙 O2
0.1 mmol C5H9O4N ( ) = 0.45 mmol O2
1 𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑙 C5H9O4N

32 𝑚𝑔 O2
CBOD = 0.45 mmol O2 (1 𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑙 O2 ) = 14. 4 mg/ L

NH3 + 2O2 → NO3- + H+ + H2O

1 𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑙 NH3 2 𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑙 O2
0.1 mmol C5H9O4N (1 𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑙 C5H9O4N ) (1 𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑙 NH3 ) = 0.2 mmol O2
32 𝑚𝑔 O2
CBOD = 0.2 mmol O2 (1 𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑙 O2 ) = 6.4 mg/ L

ANSWER: b. 6.4 mg/ L

82. If the dissolved oxygen concentration measured during a BOD test is 9 mg/L initially, 6 mg/L
after 5 days, and 3 mg/L after an indefinitely long period of time, calculate the 10-day BOD.
a) 4.5 mg/L c) 5.2 mg/L
b) 2.7 mg/L d) 3.9 mg/L
SOLUTION:
Given:
DOi = 9 mg/ L
DO5 = 6 mg/ L
DOi = 3 mg/ L
Required: 10-day BOD
Solution:
Y5 = DOi - DO5 BODu = DOi – DOu
Y5 = 9 mg/ L - 6 mg/ L BODu = 9 mg/ L - 3 mg/ L
Y5 = 3 mg/ L BODu = 6 mg/ L

Yt = BODu (1- e-kt)

 3 mg/L = 6 (1- e-.k(5)) Y10= 6 (1- e-.0.1386(10))
k = 0.1386/ d Y10 = 4.5 mg/L

ANSWER: a. 4.5 mg/L

83. If the BOD5 for some wastewater is 200 mg/L and the ultimate BOD is 300 mg/L, find the
reaction rate constant (base 10)
a) 0.22/day c) 0.10/day
b) 0.20/day d) 0.08/day
SOLUTION:
Given:
Y5 = 200 mg/L
BODu = 300 mg/ L
Required: k
Solution:
Yt = BODu (1- e-kt)
20 mg/L = 300 (1- e-.k(5))
k = 0.2197/ d

ANSWER: a. 0.2197/ d
84. Suppose a wastewater has a BOD5 equal to 180 mg/L and a reaction rate of 0.22/day.
calculate the ultimate COD of the sample.
a) 227 mg/L c) 189 mg/L
b) 270 mg/L d) 210 mg/L
SOLUTION:
Given:
Y5 = 180 mg/L
k = 0.22/ d

Required: ultimate COD

Solution:
Yt = BODu (1- e-kt)
180 mg/L = BODu (1- e-.0.22(5))
BODu = 269.8129 mg /L
ANSWER: b. 269.8129 mg /L
85. Glutamic acid (C5H9O4N) is used as one of the reagent for a standard to check the BOD
test. Determine the theoretical oxygen demand of 150 mg/ L of glutamic acid
a) 266 mg/L c) 239 mg/L
b) 212 mg/L d) 201 mg/L
SOLUTION:
Given: Glutamic acid (C5H9O4N) = 150 mg/L
Required: Theoretical Oxygen Demand, TOD
Solution:
C5H9O4N + 4.5 O2 → 5 CO2 + 3H2O + NH3

NH3 + 2O2 → NO3- + H+ + H2O

MW of C5H9O4N = 147 mg/ mmol

MW of oxygen (4.5O2 + 2O2) = 208 mg/ mmol
208 𝑚𝑔/𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑙 O2
TOD= 150 mg/L (147 mg/ mmol C5H9O4N )

TOD= 212.2449 mg/ L

ANSWER: b. 212.2449 mg/ L