Drug Name Dosage & Route Action Indication Adverse Effects Contraindication Nursing

Responsibility
FUROSEMIDE Edema Rapid-acting Treatment of CV: Postural History of Assessment &
(fur-oh'se-mide) Adult: PO 20–80 potent edema hypotension, hypersensitivity to Drug Effects
mg in 1 or more sulfonamide associated dizziness with furosemide or
Fumide , divided doses up "loop" diuretic with CHF, excessive diuresis, sulfonamides; • Observe
Furomide , Lasix, to 600 mg/d if and cirrhosis of acute hypotensive increasing oliguria, patients
Luramide needed IV/IM 20– antihypertensiv liver, and episodes, circulatory anuria, fluid and receiving
40 mg in 1 or e with kidney collapse. Metabolic: electrolyte parenteral
Classifications: more divided pharmacologic disease, Hypovolemia, depletion states; drug carefully;
ELECTROLYTIC doses up to 600 effects and including dehydration, hepatic coma; closely
AND WATER mg/d uses almost nephrotic hyponatremia pregnancy monitor BP
BALANCE Child: PO 2 identical to syndrome. hypokalemia, (category C), and vital
AGENT; LOOP mg/kg, may be those of May be used hypochloremia lactation. signs. Sudden
DIURETIC increased by 1–2 ethacrynic acid. for metabolic alkalosis, death from
mg/kg q6–8h Exact mode of management hypomagnesemia, cardiac arrest
(max: 6 action not of hypocalcemia has been
mg/kg/dose) IV/I clearly defined; hypertension, (tetany), reported.
M 1 mg/kg, may decreases renal alone or in hyperglycemia, • Monitor BP
be increased by 1 vascular combination glycosuria, elevated during periods
mg/kg q2h if resistance and with other BUN, hyperuricemia. of diuresis
needed (max: may increase antihypertensi GI: Nausea, and through
mg/kg/dose) renal blood flow ve agents, vomiting, oral and period of
Neonate: PO 1–4 and for gastric burning, dosage
mg/kg q12– treatment of anorexia, diarrhea, adjustment.
24h IV/IM 1–2 hypercalcemi constipation, • Observe
mg/kg q12–24h a. Has been abdominal cramping, older adults
used acute pancreatitis, closely during
Hypertension concomitantly jaundice. Urogenital: period of brisk
Adult: PO 10–40 with mannitol Allergic interstitial diuresis.
mg b.i.d. (max: for treatment nephritis, irreversible Sudden
480 mg/d of severe renal failure, urinary alteration in
cerebral frequency. fluid and
edema, Hematologic: electrolyte
particularly in Anemia, leukopenia, balance may
meningitis. thrombocytopenic precipitate
purpura; aplastic significant
anemia, adverse
agranulocytosis reactions.
(rare). Special Report
Senses: Tinnitus, symptoms to
vertigo, feeling of physician.
fullness in ears, • Lab tests:
hearing loss (rarely Obtain
permanent), blurred frequent blood
vision. Skin: Pruritus, count, serum
urticaria, exfoliative and urine
dermatitis, purpura, electrolytes,
 Drug Name Dosage & Route Action Indication Adverse Effects Contraindication Nursing
Responsibility
GENERIC NAME: Aldactone oral Spironolactone Spironolacton The following Aldactone is All patients
spironolac tablets contain 25 inhibits the e can lower adverse reactions contraindicated for receiving
tone mg, 50 mg, or effect of blood sodium have been reported patients with diuretic therapy
100 mg of the aldosterone by levels while and, within each anuria, acute renal should be
aldosterone competing for raising blood category (body
BRAND NAME: insufficiency, observed for
antagonist intracellular ald potassium
Aldacton system), are listed in significant evidence of
spironolactone, osterone levels.
e order of decreasing impairment of fluid or
17-hydroxy-7α- receptors in Excessively
mercapto-3-oxo- the cortical high blood severity. renal excretory electrolyte
CLASSIFICATION 17α-pregn-4-ene- collecting duct. potassium Digestive: Gastric function, or imbalance
Potassium-sparing 21-carboxylic acid This decreases levels can bleeding, ulceration, hyperkalemia.
diuretic γ- the lead to gastritis, diarrhea and Patients who
lactone acetate, reabsorption of potentially cramping, nausea,
receive
which has the sodium and life- vomiting.
Endocrine: Aldactone
following water, while threatening should be
structural formula: decreasing the abnormalities Gynecomastia (see
Precautions), inability advised to avoid
Spironolactone is secretion of in the rhythm
to achieve or potassium
practically potassium. of the heart.
maintain erection, supplements
insoluble in water, Spironolactone Therefore,
soluble in alcohol, has a fairly slow spironolacton irregular menses or and foods
and freely soluble onset of action, e usually is amenorrhea, containing high
in taking several not postmenopausal levels of
benzene and in days to administered bleeding. Carcinoma potassium,
chloroform. develop, and, with other of the breast has including salt
Inactive so, the effect agents that been reported in
Substitutes.
ingredients diminishes can raise patients taking
include calcium slowly. This is blood Aldactone but a
sulfate, corn because steroid potassium cause and effect
starch, flavor, pathways alter levels, such relationship has not
hypromellose, gene as potassium been established.
iron transcription, supplements, Hematologic:
oxide, and it will take angiotensin Agranulocytosis
magnesium several days for converting
stearate, the gene enzyme (ACE
polyethylene products to ) inhibitors [for
glycol, povidone, change (in this example, enal
and titanium case the ENaC april (Vasotec
dioxide. and ROMK )], indomethac
channels will be in (Indocin),
decreased). or other
Spironolactone potassium-
has anti- sparing
androgen diuretics.
activity by Spironolacton
binding to e can cause
the androgen elevation of
 Drug Name Dosage & Route Action Indication Adverse Effects Contraindication Nursing
Responsibility
Cefuroxime IV 50mg q Cefuroxime It is effective .Body as a Whole: Hypersensitivity to Determine
binds to one for cephalosporins
Tablets: 125 mg, Thrombophlebitis and related history of
BRAND NAME: or more of the the treatment (IV site); pain,
250 mg, 500 mg. antibiotics; Hypersensitivity
Ceftin penicillin- of burning, cellulitis pregnancy reactions to
Suspension: 125 binding penicillinase- (category B),
(IM site); cephalosporins,
CLASSIFICATION: proteins lactation
mg per 5 ml producingNei superinfections,
(PBPs) which penicillins, and
teaspoon. inhibits the sseria positive Coombs' history
ANTIINFECTIVE;
ANTIBIOTIC; final gonorrhoea(P test. of allergies,
SECOND- transpeptidati PNG). GI:Diarrhea, particularly to
GENERATION on step of Effectively nausea, antibiotic- drugs,
CEPHALOSPORIN peptidoglycan
treats before therapy
synthesis in associated colitis.
bone and joint is
bacterial cell Skin:Ra sh ,
wall, thus infections, initiated.
bronchitis, pruritus, urticaria.
inhibiting •
biosynthesis meningitis, Urogenital:
Inspect IM and
and arresting gonorrhea, Increased serum
cell wall IV
otitis creatinine and
assembly injection sites
media, BUN, decreased
resulting in frequently for
pharyngitis/to creatinine
bacterial cell signs of
nsilliti clearance.
death. phlebitis.
Absorption: s, sinusitis,
lower •
Absorbed
from the GI respiratory Report onset of
tract with tract loose
peak plasma infections, stools or
concentration skin and diarrhea.
s after 2-3 hr soft tissue Although
(oral); may be infections, pseudomembra
enhanced by
urinary nous
the presence
of food. tract colitis.
Distribution: infections,
•
Pleural and and
Monitor I&O
synovial fluid, is used for
sputum, bone surgical rates and
and aqueous prophylaxis, pattern:
fluids; CSF reducing or Especially
(therapeutic eliminating important in
concentration severely
infection.
s). Crosses
 Drug Name Dosage & Route Action Indication Adverse Effects Contraindication Nursing
Responsibility
GENERIC NAME: Digoxin binds to For the Extra beats, Digitalis
digoxin a site on the treatment and anorexia, nausea  Report
toxicity,
extracellular management and vomiting. to physician
aspect of the α- of congestive
ventricular
BRAND NAME: Diarrhea in if pulse falls
subunit of the cardiac tachycardia/fibr
Lanoxin elderly, below 60 or
Na+/K+ insufficiency, illation,
confusion, rises above
ATPase pump arrhythmias obstructive
Classifications: cardio dizziness, 110 or if you
in the and heart cardiomyopath
vascular drowsiness, detect
membranes of failure. y. Arrhythmias
agent; cardi restlessness, skipped
heart cells due to
ac (myocytes). nervousness, beats or
accessory
glycoside; a This causes an other
agitation and pathways (e.g.
ntiarrhythmi increase in the changes in
amnesia, visual Wolff-
c level of sodium rhythm,
disturbances, Parkinson-
ions in the when digoxin
gynaecomastia, White
myocytes, is prescribed
local irritation syndrome).
which then for atrial
leads to a rise (IM/SC inj), rapid
fibrillation.
in the level of IV admin may  Suspect
calcium ions. lead to toxicity and
The proposed vasoconstriction report to
mechanism is and transient physician if
the following: hypertension. any of the
inhibition of the Potentially following
Na+/K+ pump Fatal: Cardiac occur:
leads to arrhythmias in
Adult: PO Heart increased Na+ Anorexia,
failure; combination with nausea,
levels, which in
Supraventricula heart block. vomiting,
turn slows down
r arrhythmias<> the extrusion of diarrhea, or
D> Rapid Ca2+ via the visual
digitalisation: Na+/Ca2+ disturbances
Loading dose: exchange pump .
0.75-1.5 mg in  Weigh
the 1st 24 hr. each day
Slow under
digitilisation: standard
250 mcg 1-2 conditions.
times/day. Report
Uusal weight gain
maintenance: >1 kg (2
125-250 lb)/d.
mcg/day. IV Em  Take
ergency heart digoxin
failure For PRECISELY