a7
48,
49
also, #5 well, no and either in negative clauses 47
re clauses
also, as well, too and either in negat
negative + negative: either
‘for menting naive do or, we can ae sothr negative poly
‘eing mor aher
Pref ae todo a hare her. 1 fh en here nth
‘Ala wal and fo 0 no oral od ith or In ew
“hor hae vps an ot cane on orange.
‘nor | end youcarhencar oranges reel to),
affiemative + negative: also /s well / too
tes eto tn gs ae wc a=
‘tgulve pnt by ing nor ao nat a ll ono to.
Susman ample bu ou enn haw an orange,
eine too uc ba at athe dean smoke a al.
alternate(ly) and alternative(ly)
Alena) means ‘ee eon’ ‘et one and hen the the a
ee a i ay uy ae
tuna mide. rato a a.
“nets no foc th 20h Welt het iid an abormatie dete
‘iso by aor arnt you ould ie Pe
although, though, but and however: contrast
although and though: conjunetions
‘oth thm word can be wed a eonjencons, with the same meaning fn
‘Boral speci howe oe common. They inodace a den (A) with
‘hich de awe CB) ntmcontrase When we Sey "'AD oo A ere
‘Nomehingunezpece or rupesing cout
‘AUiongh Cf do's he (3) agro thet hes a good manage.
(B) Fa gu le go out tabihough oa tae
but and however
Wecanghe the sume meaning by puting durorhowster with he contesting
tuneperte’ ease CB
“2ST do ks hi, ut) Fae ha hs 2 good manag
(2 dali hi Homo) gree Oat Re a od manager.
(ets oe abu Pf ut ke ogo
(eet shower Pa gute ie ogo Out
‘but and however: the difference
‘us enjneton: en fo is, and comes a the beising a the
‘Seana However aaa avs des not connect sentence ganatealy
‘American and British English 52
hove expe,
ec a> inv sons I's oman ese
The pol, however de ioe
‘he plc edna tee him, ower
4° though used as an adverb
Neca wie though san ade often athe endo sentence), o meas
‘ewe
ie ay. ~ Yes. i cl, dough.
The trons argument thn economic and not plc
Far some eC hgh ae owe 7
50 altogether and all together
Abeer ean ‘compete’ or onldesing eer
‘na howe n't ager
loge sk deco mariage wa 2 Bi ofa mista
tan be wd to Getta.
“Thats £0 alge
At oath sai eae evnbodyeverthingtgetbe.
(Coe an vey eng together no
‘Th all won he coma toeher
Gane ican and British English
“These mo ares of Engl re very mle. Ter are a fw ierencs of
Sogo stis Sn shes infoenced by American Enis, sore
Cnr are dasperng Fromuniaon sometime ey lene, Bl
‘ost American Beith pears can understand each he eas.
1 grammar
Hage ate exrmpls ofthe mot important ferences Ik many eases.
“dfrent farms repose in oe att Bris, whe only ene a he
forms paseo norma ne ober trey
‘Arcane ‘ksh Enh
Hehe went hos Tetra ne ome See 307 2)
(ae gone home)
re netr reat 0.
ean scar coming
ve never ely got oh
tsee237).
nso car coming (Se 125.1)
ae 38‘American and British English $1
American nglish rl Eagl
‘Heri waresore becouse her ‘Her owas bens er
Sh pep bay ‘ios fod diy ee 2043)
Lesimpotant that be od, impart a he onl be
‘oi et)
ou uy 1 ay. “ay eee 161)
‘The commie met 5 comnts
‘smare omorou See 52813
(ont poe ll, (hie ‘la dt SaaS 595)
“nt
sce ig rate aa eng ra
‘He oad at me rol sarge, Helo at me ral sang
ttme aly sang
us probably has areal by ie has probly aria by now.
un or he has probaly ‘ocean
Besides get and fi, some other ope webs have erent forms a Bett
tnd Amercan Eng Por detain ee SOU.
vite Soar Sid pe dl rnc oa
vocabulary
“Thee are very many drencet, Sometimes de sume word has iforeat
rds ft the ne ea (lrg Ae ue, Hee ae
“Samples wth ery bot Informacion about dhe were and hl mening
{hiner wih ove complete nnn can be found The Des
Amarin Dictionary by Notun boss, publabed by Huehssor Th
‘efoeanstly ow out pn, but ay be obtainable rare. Amore
‘Sony yuna gid to Bie mean ference Mighty Fine Words
lan Snag npratne~ Maing Sense of rasan Bgl, eed
‘tin Hargees Ord Univesity Pes
Amecan Engl sh Ens
‘Spine Sroplane
one sxCapenment
Son ang cate hone
Somey er arr stator lawyer
Sa engnge none
a eatet eves he charge pone
eney oes
Sesto Bite a resturann
cath cster Sic
American Bgl
‘ie
ecar atee
{alr automa
fist oor, second Moor ete
Sahl
‘ate
subage at
le
Ee, ews
ae
tte
eee
ae
American and Bets English 81
aE
in-ups (on sous
"pp
sup
tip oor)
(pound foe, et foo te
re
chips
anes on oa
Bonner ton au
ay
‘im
Ene chen
road atte
ie
Nihon
fateay
oe lan)
(put ee
tip toudoon
Be opi of mre)
dag
Beat fa ear
‘Srp oo week
ots
ndsree om earErrata eee
American English i Eng
a ee (hen of he eter =)
"Expressions wih prepostans and parteles
‘Arwsian English ‘eh Engi
‘heck someting fort Sheng
‘someting oe
Teak around the church Ten frou te church oe 60)
mmectsomebety irs)! meet ometay
‘panned
nay taht Fay ey
fone wend st the weekend
ten airs our em ten peat four
ten tolotefore el four ten toto
spelling
‘Auber of onde odin ori Amaican Bags andur in ish gh
{econ ons enn ache ei
list Exo ej omer cone any verb much nxn Arencan
gin (eri) can be palin Bs Enc wither ne 58).
Some of tht Comnes wor eth eifrest forms ae:
‘American English el Engi
ine sales
Sralogun aaogue
eo hegue (pid 2 «bank
‘lor ‘elour
‘tro ‘ot
in” 7
ier tee
eter meas inet
‘gor ighboue
sence ‘ogee ogee
ips Pema
ine ase
Pestle prt Prectse eb
fae Feasefredize
American and British Engfish 51
Ameren English ‘bas Eaglsh
‘terete Beate
a ior om whe
tree tel (ne 58)
ier (See whiy rish whisey
pronunciation wrote
‘rset The mas iporant general erences fen Area ad
Ss speech are tows:
23 Cena vowels ate masa ponouncot though the nose and mouth the
me tne) in sme rater of Amercan Engi, but nt mst Bees
1 ci gli sone more vows than American Engh. This is the
Toundod sorte (used n wore kee dogo gon of toon
[Arcane thes words re peonounced iar with (ether
‘ewe in fate, wih fk the vowel fe eughr Tas vowel eso
pronounced ater deren im Bosh and Armeian gla)
Soine words writen with a+ consonant eg fs afta) have teen
prononlsdons wth fa fn andar outer Brash Haga, and wth
Fey mamescan and some oer vaso of Eoglh
4 The wow in ham, g. gp pronounced fon standad southen
Sach Engh and fof American English, The two vowel sound ery
tnstandard southern Beds Engh ony pronounced bao owt
Sound ros kinds of Amedcan English (and most oer Bs verte)
‘Spronauncad in allportnes where stan word an anges
‘equality os vowel that somes etree So woes He ca tur oer
4 nary vere of american Eaglh, and d both have aver gt vlad
pronunison( bawesn woneles0 writer and rider for example
Seu te samen Ssh Eglsh they ave qe fern Pest ad
Pesta
1 Some words which re rononnced wih i most ates of American
English hn in ris Engi Tt re wor in bi Foe
(and sumetins #0 ae fone Wy wor en Wan
‘ntacaee Aen just Bee finde ati)
ay ne Meh Be Pac
‘ioe Ami funy begun
yew A Js Wye fs
‘iminate Arfuzmmenyy Be zest »
h malin ang ll lhe fa 8t/
bathe Ad / BER Gs bathed /oei2d/52
‘Wort ending in unsrse ie ofr, reple, mile, see ae
once with ih gsm ronmnced h i
‘foe A Fey tying wy sre
‘ez feral ying with he
Some lng wor nding ae oon ae pronounce diferent,
sk oe ore slate Amencan English
Tren Aine Pockrtel) IE Poahrael?
1 Sorug and org re pronounced ders,
Ame Ponta, nto0)
nh yoara tar
ors bovowed ome French ae often sete erent, pela i
{he promnelionendranth «vows sound The al vol ually
‘ese in mera Eglo bu nti Betis Engl
‘nat An pre! BYE Peet,
ter Ame fet) Be fey
and
‘en wo oin wo or more grammatically sma expense sally pt
‘ad and che
We drat ted and dono
vores, Pee adessed thor, Georg Bough the tam and
‘and comet at oui vey tear posi sf, brie unl
‘iy down ar fal of aris despa dese
fixed expressions
Some commen expression wth and hate a Sed are which cannot be
‘hanged, The shortest exreason etn comes fet
‘ad and bute bate anead)
anand fr knee
rug and prey Pardo and hing
Wcthind chit top and nace Eayeand fork
Note ands usualy pronounced fad ot fra oe 26
SiS See
awe
53
snother and orbess) 4
and after try, wait, go etc
‘try/be sure / wait and .
“yan eat srg You ft beter Jo da
‘test and at he oe oa a ged
‘what or une = Wa ands
ecru tise th the simple Bae forms esr wa ee
"ot pore foremost ows Compare
Tod to eat someting (Sot Fl ana at someting)
ete seat oul happen or eat anda.)
come/gorete and ..
CComsand.... goad. ynorand..., try ypand.... sean... ae fen
‘ome and veo dri
‘Stat have dvr ary up an ope the dor
win there abst suse ba nly wad wth he be
"eon comes an spend he veng wt
‘Shexayed and playa ith helen She thot of gong and
‘peting hn
‘American English
tn feral American Engl, an i comesines opp sate ate oe
goand cme
at go se if Anne hom
Gabi tthe ee Come ton my
another and other(s)
spelling of another
‘Anothrsone word.
“es baught another car (08 .athercan)
‘additional, extra!
“Anotrcan mean ‘an onal cx sed with sagulr countable
‘Could ew amater pace of bea?
‘at hs cone tte f
“hac caar ae worl. Cul | have anather fone?
‘with ineauntable and rl nouns, Wo noma tse more, NOt other, th
ul ou ike some more meat? (or other eat) .