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Prefacio:
La asignatura , es de naturaleza teórico - práctico. El
contenido ha sido elaborado para orientar al uso de los
diferentes aspectos en una proyectos de investigación e
innovación tecnológica. Lo cual se aplica en el campo de la
invetigacion en la empresa donde la búsqueda de
profesionales con dichos conocimiento en esta materia es
constante y muy bien remunerada.
Propone desarrollar en el estudiante las competencias para
comprender el fundamento y aplicación de las principales técnicas en el dominio del
idioma extranjero Inglés.

Comprende cuatro capítulos:

• CAPÍTULO I: Present Tense “DO YOU LIVE IN NEW YORK?”

• CAPITULO II: Past Tense “I Was In New York Last Year”
• CAPITULO III: Future Tense “Future Tenses”
• CAPÍTULO IV: Final Production “About Technology”

Las competencias que lograrás como estudiante serán:

“Al terminar la unidad didáctica los alumnos podrán interpretar

la información escrita en el idioma extranjero. Asimismo, analiza
sus normas de convivencia socioculturales, con el fin de dar una
adecuada imagen en las relaciones profesionales establecidas en
dichos países.”.

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 Índice del Contenido
I. PREFACIO

II. DESARROLLO DE LOS CONTENIDOS

CAPÍTULO I: Present Tense “DO YOU LIVE IN NEW YORK?”

CAPÍTULO II: Past Tense “I Was In New York Last Year”

CAPÍTULO III: Future Tense “Future Tenses”

CAPÍTULO IV: Final Production “About Technology”

III. TRABAJO PRÀCTICO

IV. FUENTES DE INFORMACIÓN

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 CAPITULO I:

PRESENT SIMPLE QUESTIONS:

1. Questions without question words in Simple Present

Auxiliary
Auxiliary Subject Verb Rest Yes/No Subject
(+ n't)

Yes, I do.
Do you read books?
No, I don't.

Yes, he does.
Does Peter play football?
No, he doesn't.

2. Questions with question words in Simple Present

Question
Auxiliary Subject Verb Rest Answer
word

on your I play games on

What do you play
computer? my computer.

She goes to
your
When does Go to work? work at 6
mother
o'clock.

I meet them at
Where do you meet your friends?
the bus stop.

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 EXERCISES
Compelet with DO / DOES

1. _______ you like chocolate? Yes, I _______

2. _______ he go to the beach very often? No he, _______
3. _______ we have any pens? No, we _______
4. _______ she know you? Yes, she _______
5. _______ it close at 6.30 pm? Yes, it _______
6. _______ they smoke? No, they _______
7. _______ I look funny in these jeans? Yes, I _______
8. _______ Bill and Anne like each other? Yes, they _______
9. _______ she speak German? No, she _______
10. _______ you want to go to the movies? No, I _______

Present Tense - Third Person

Normally in the present tense we add S to the end of the verb in the 3rd person
(He, She, It).

Verb 3rd Person

Speak Speaks
Play Plays
Give Gives
Make Makes

Melissa speaks three languages.

A. She drinks coffee every morning.
B. My dog hates my cat.
Irregular Verbs
1. If the verb ends in SS, X, CH, SH or the letter O, we add + ES in the third
person.

Verb 3rd Person

Kiss Kisses
Fix Fixes
Watch Watches
Crash Crashes
Go Goes

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 A. A mechanic fixes cars.
B. She watches soap operas every afternoon.
C. He kisses his wife before he goes to work.

2. If the verb ends in a Consonant + Y, we remove the Y and + IES in the third
person.

Verb 3rd Person

Carry Carries
Study Studies
A. Isabel studies every night.
B. The baby cries all the time.

Negative Sentence
To form the negative we use the auxiliary
do not. Again, the only variation occurs in
the 3rd person where we use does not.

Positive Negative
I talk I do not talk
She talks She does not talk
You sleep You do not sleep
He sleeps He does not sleep
Carol studies Carol does not study
We study We do not study

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  He speaks Italian (affirmative)
 He doesn't speak Italian. (negative)

EXERCISES:
1. My brother _____________ (speak) three languages fluently.

2. Daniel _____________ (watch) his favorite program every Saturday.

3. Jennifer _____________ (wash) her hair every day.

4. Ryan _____________ (go) to church every Sunday.

5. My sister _____________ (do) her homework after school.

6. My father _____________ (not like) fast food.

7. My uncle _____________ (not talk) much.

8. _____________ (Sarah / want) to come with us?

9. _____________ (Andre / enjoy) pop music?

10. Your baby _____________ (cry) too much.

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 1. Use of the Present Progressive

1.1. actions happening at the moment of speaking

Peter is reading a book now.

1.2. temporary actions

I am working in Rome this month.

1.3. actions happening around the moment of speaking (longer actions)

My friend is preparing for his exams.

2. Signal words

 now

 at the moment

 Look!

 Listen!

3. Form

to be (am, are, is) + Infinitiv + -ing

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4. GRAMMAR

4.1. Affirmative sentences in the Present Progressive

Long forms Contracted forms

I am playing football. I'm playing football.

4.2. Negative sentences in the Present Progressive

Long forms Contracted forms

I am not playing football. I'm not playing football.

You're not playing football.

You are not playing football.

You aren't playing football.

He's not playing football.

He is not playing football.

He isn't playing football.

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4.3. Questions in the Present Progressive

Long forms Contracted forms

Am I playing football?

Are you playing football? not possible

Is he playing football?

MEN'S CLOTHES

suit(s) shirt(s) tie(s)

WOMEN'S CLOTHES

dress(es) blouse(s) skirt(s)

tanktop(s)

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UNI-SEX

coat(s) jacket(s) t-shirt(s)

pants jeans Shorts

sweatshirt(s)
sweater

ENGLISH FOR SPECIFIC PURPORSES

Translate this vocabulary to your own language:
ENGLISH ENGLISH ENGLISH SPANISH
UPDATE BROWSER
INKJET BROADBAND
WIRELESS ADAPTERS KEYWORD
MODERATOR SHORTCUT
WEBMASTER DOWNGRADE
SEARCH ENGINE BAND WIDTH
RANDOM UPGRADE
AVATAR SOFTWARE
FIELD KEY
HACKER SNIFFER
SCREENSHOT, SNAPSHOT ENCODE
WEBLOG RECEIVER
SKIN WIDGET
WORD PROCESSOR PERFORMANCE
INTEGRATED CIRCUITS HARDWARE
PLAY OVERHEAD, OVERLOAD
COMPRESS BACKUP

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 CAPITULO II :

The past tense of To Be in English has two forms: WAS and WERE

To Be - Affirmative
Subject To Be Examples

I was I was tired this morning.

You were You were very good.
He was He was the best in his class.
She was She was late for work.
It was It was a sunny day.
We were We were at home.
You were You were on holiday.
They were They were happy with their test results.

To Be - Negative Sentences
The negative of To Be can be made by adding not after the verb (was or were), also by
joining the verb (was or were) and n't (e.g. were not = weren't). We don't make a
contraction of the subject and the verb (e.g. I was).

I was not tired this morning. OR I wasn't tired this morning.

You were not crazy. OR You weren't crazy.

He was not married. OR He wasn't married.

She was not famous. OR She wasn't famous.

It was not hot yesterday. OR It wasn't hot yesterday.

We were not invited. OR We weren't invited.

You were not at the party. OR You weren't at the party.

They were not friends. OR They weren't friends.

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To Be - Questions
To create questions with To Be, you put the Verb before the Subject.

In spoken English, we usually give short answers in response to questions.

Was he from Japan? - Yes, he was (from Japan). The last part (from Japan) is not
necessary. We use shorts answers to avoid repetition, when the meaning is clear.

Question Short Answers** Short Answers

Was I late? Yes, you were. No, you weren't.

Were you sick? Yes, I was. No, I wasn't.
Was he surprised? Yes, he was. No, he wasn't.
Was she from Italy? Yes, she was. No, she wasn't.
Was it a big house? Yes, it was. No, it wasn't.
Were we ready? Yes, we were. No, we weren't.
Were you early? Yes, we were. No, we weren't.
Were they busy? Yes, they were. No, they weren't.
** With To Be, We don't use contractions in affirmative short answers.

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Exercise: Was or Were?
Complete the sentences with was or were.
1. I _____________ happy.
2. You _____________ angry.
3. She _____________ in London last week.
4. _____________ he on holiday?
5. _____________ you at school?
6. You _____________ (not) at the cinema.
7. They _____________ (not) at home.
8. The cat _____________ on the roof.
9. The children _____________ in the garden.
10. It _____________ (not) raining.

SIMPLE PAST - FORM

[VERB+ed] or irregular verbs

Examples:

 You called Debbie.

 Did you call Debbie?
 You did not call Debbie.

Complete List of Simple Past Forms

USE 1 Completed Action in the Past

Use the Simple Past to express the idea that an action started and finished at a
specific time in the past. Sometimes, the speaker may not actually mention the
specific time, but they do have one specific time in mind.

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Examples:

 I saw a movie yesterday.

 I didn't see a play yesterday.
 Last year, I traveled to Japan.
 Last year, I didn't travel to Korea.
 Did you have dinner last night?
 She washed her car.
 He didn't wash his car.

USE 2 Duration in Past

The Simple Past can be used with a duration which starts and stops in the past.
A duration is a longer action often indicated by expressions such as: for two
years, for five minutes, all day, all year, etc.

Examples:

 I lived in Brazil for two years.

 Shauna studied Japanese for five
years.
 They sat at the beach all day.
 They did not stay at the party the
entire time.
 We talked on the phone for thirty
minutes.
 A: How long did you wait for
them?
B: We waited for one hour.

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 EXERCISES: Complete using the verbs im past.

1. A: What (you, do) ____________________ when the accident occurred?

B: I (try) ___________ to change a light bulb that had burnt out.

2. After I (find) ______________ the wallet full of money, I (go, immediately)

______________ to the police and (turn) it in.

3. The doctor (say) ______________ that Tom (be) ______________ too sick to go to
work and that he (need) ______________ to stay at home for a couple of days.

4. Sebastian (arrive) ______________ at Susan's house a little before 9:00 PM, but
she (be, not) ______________ there. She (study, at the library) ______________ for
her final examination in French.

5. Sandy is in the living room watching television. At this time yesterday, she (watch,
also) ______________ television. That's all she ever does!

6. A: I (call) ______________ you last night after dinner, but you (be, not)
______________ there. Where were you?

B: I (work) ______________ out at the fitness center.

7. When I (walk) ______________ into the busy office, the secretary (talk)
______________ on the phone with a customer, several clerks (work, busily)
______________ at their desks, and two managers (discuss, quietly)______________
methods to improve customer service.

8. I (watch) ______________ a mystery movie on TV when the electricity went out.

Now I am never going to find out how the movie ends.

9. Sharon (be) ______________ in the room when John told me what happened, but
she didn't hear anything because she (listen, not) ______________.

10.The Titanic (cross) ______________ the Atlantic when it (strike) ______________

an iceberg.

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READING N°1

An Evening Out (simple past, past

continuous)

Last night I went to Nathan Phillips

Square at City Hall in Toronto. It was a
beautiful summer evening. It was warm
and sunny. Lots of people werethere
because of the Pan Am games
celebrations. I stood and watched the
crowd.

Many people were sitting by the water. Some people were talking with friends
or family. Lots of people were taking pictures.

A band was playing music on the stage. People were standing by the stage.
They were listening to the music. Others were watching the performance on
large video screens.

Everyone was enjoying the summer evening.

Vocabulary help:

 band (noun) - a group of people that play music

together
 celebrate (verb) - to do something enjoyable because it
is a special day
 celebration (noun) - a party or other special event that
you have for an important occasion
 perform (verb) - to act in a play or to do something in
front of other people
 performance (noun) - entertainment shown to an
audience such as actors in a play or people making
music
 screen (noun) - the broad, flat surface on which you
see images. Televisions and computers have screens.
 stage (noun) - a raised platform in a theater or other
place, where a performance takes place
 stood (verb) - past tense, to stand

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Comprehension Check:

Do these sentences have correct grammar? If the grammar is wrong, can you correct it?

1. People were standing in front of the stage. Correct or wrong?

2. I were watching the crowd. Correct or wrong?

3. Everyone was celebrating the PanAm games. Correct or wrong?

4. The sun was shining. Correct or wrong?

5. Some people was watching the band. Correct or wrong?

Fill in the Blanks:

6. What is the simple past tense of these verbs? stand _____________, watch
________________,

READING N°2

Skating! (simple past)

This winter I learned to skate! A friend of

mine had an extra pair of skates.
He persuadedme to go skating with him
one Saturday afternoon in February.
I borrowed the skates and
we went skating!

It was cold outside! We wore hats,

scarves and mitts to keep warm.
He showed me how to put on the skates.
He helped me walk onto the ice.
He showed me how to start moving. He
also showed me how to stop!
I moved very slowly at first and lots of
people skatedpast me. When I fell nobody laughed at me. Instead,
they helped me get back up. I kepttrying! Soon I felt much better.
I liked skating!

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Vocabulary help:

 awhile (adverb) - for a short time.

 afternoon (noun) - the time of day between noon and evening
 better (adjective) - comparative form of good. Good, better,
best are the three forms of the word good.
 borrow (verb) - to use something that belongs to someone else
and give it back later
 extra (adjective) - more than usual.
 instead (adverb) - in place of; rather
 kept (verb) past tense of to keep - to continue.
 mitt (noun) - a mitten. A type of glove with a single part for all
the fingers except the thumb which is in a separate part.
 moving (verb) present participle of to move
 onto (preposition) - to a position on or on top of.
 pair (noun) - two things that are the same and are used
together. Examples, a pair of gloves, a pair of socks
 persuade (verb) - to cause someone to do something by
explaining why they should.
 scarves (noun) plural of scarf - a long piece of cloth worn around
the neck, head, or shoulders.
 skate (noun) - a shoe with a blade attached to the bottom.
Skates are used to move on ice
 skate (verb) - to move along on ice skates or roller skates.
 skating (verb) - present participle of to skate
 trying (verb) present participle of to try
 warm (adjective) - having some heat; not cold

Comprehension Check:

Did you understand the story? Are these sentences true?

1. In the past tense the word feel becomes the word felt. Yes or no?

2. In the past tense the word fall becomes the word fell. Yes or no?

3. When he fell, people laughed at him. Yes or no?

4. Wearing hats and scarves will help keep you warm on a cold day. Yes or no?

5. You can skate outside in the summer in Canada. Yes or no?

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Fill in the Blanks:

6. If you want to _________ to do something, you have to keep trying!

7. When he _____________ nobody laughed at him.

8. He borrowed a pair of skates from a ___________ who had an extra pair of skates.

9. They went skating on a _______________ in February.

10. They wore hats and mitts because it was _______________ outside that day.

11. His friend ____________ him walk onto the ice.

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 CAPITULO III:

Future tenses

There are several different ways in English that you can

talk about the future. This is an introduction to the most
important ones:

- Predictions/statements of fact
- Intentions

Predictions/statements of fact

The auxiliary verb will is used in making predictions or simple

statements of fact about the future.

 The sun will rise at 6.30 tomorrow.

 Lunch break today will be 10 minutes longer than usual.
 In the year 2050 all students will have their own computers in
school.
 If you help me, I will help you.
 Do you think she will come soon?
 You won't pass your exams if you don't start working harder.
 I know my parents won't let me go to the party.
 Will it snow for Christmas?
 I know she's sick, but will she be back in school tomorrow?

Intentions

The auxiliary verb going to is used in talking about intentions. (An

intention is a plan for the future that you have already thought
about.)

 We're going to buy a new car next month.

 I'm going to work in a bank when I leave school.
 In the new year I'm going to stop eating so much junk.
 He's not going to go to the dance. He's got too much work.
 I'm not going to watch TV until my science project is finished.
 Are you going to play basketball after school?
 What are you going to have for lunch today?

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FUTURE TENSES: uses - sumary

EXERCISES:
A. Put the verbs into the correct form (future simple). Use will.

Jim asked a fortune teller about his future. Here is what she told him:
1. You (earn) will earn a lot of money.
2. You (travel) ________________ around the world.
3. You (meet) ________________ lots of interesting people.
4. Everybody (adore) ________________ you.
5. You (not / have) ________________ any problems.
6. Many people (serve) ________________ you.
7. They (anticipate) ________________ your wishes.
8. There (not / be) ________________ anything left to wish for.
9. Everything (be) ________________ perfect.
10. But all these things (happen / only) ________________ if you marry me.

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 B. Put the verbs into the correct form (future simple). Use GOING TO
1. It (rain) is going to rain.
2. They (eat) _______________________ stew.
3. I (wear) _______________________ blue shoes tonight.
4. We (not / help) _______________________ you.
5. Jack (not / walk) _______________________ home.
6. _______________________ (cook / you) dinner?
7. Sue (share / not) _______________________ her biscuits.
8. _______________________ (leave / they) the house?
9. _______________________ (take part / she) in the contest?
10. I (not / spend) _______________________ my holiday abroad this year.

Modal CAN:

"Can" is one of the most commonly used modal

verbs in English. It can be used to express ability or
opportunity, to request or offer permission, and to
show possibility or impossibility.

Examples:

 I can ride a horse. ability

 We can stay with my brother when we are in
Paris. opportunity
 She cannot stay out after 10 PM. permission
 Can you hand me the stapler? request
 Any child can grow up to be president. Possibility

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Modal SHOULD:

"Should" is most commonly used to make recommendations or give advice. It

can also be used to express obligation as well as expectation.

Examples:

 When you go to Berlin, you should visit the palaces in

Potsdam. recommendation
 You should focus more on your family and less on work. advice
 I really should be in the office by 7:00 AM. obligation
 By now, they should already be in Dubai. Expectation

EXERCISES:

Complete with CAN or SHOULD

1. She looks pretty sick. I think she ________ go to a doctor.

can

should

2. It´s so expensive. I ________ afford that.

shouldn't

can't

3. You ________ smoke so much. It's bad for your health.

can't

shouldn't

4. Hey I'm lost. ________ you help me?

Should

Can

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5. You have such a beautiful voice. You ________ sing for us!

should

can

6. I know he speaks five languages, but ________ he speak Arabic?

should

can

7. I'm on my way. I ________ be there in about 10 minutes.

can

should

8. I ________ believe that you failed your test!

can't

shouldn't

ENGLISH FOR SPECIFIC PURPORSES

Translate this vocabulary to your own language:
ENGLISH ENGLISH ENGLISH SPANISH
MALWARE SPLITTER

DATA GHOSTSITE
ANTI-ALIASING ATTACHMENT
SPELL FAKE
OVERCLOCKING PLUG AND PLAY

DELAY PRINTER

CARD SAMPLE RATE

COPYRIGHT COMPUTING
TROJAN HORSE HYPERLINK
DOWNLOAD EMBED

TIMER SPREADSHEET
DECODER NETIZEN

VALUE LAPTOP COOLING

INTERNET ADDRESS HARD DISK

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CAPITULO IV:

Technology has changed our lives

People in Britain love technology. In a new survey of people in the
country, researchers found:
• there are four computers in the average British household.
• six out of ten people say their life is better with technology.
The researchers also say that new technology has changed our world
forever. Modern communication is a good example of this. For example,
have you ever telephoned from a public telephone? Have you ever
written a letter by hand? Many people haven’t done these things or they
don’t do them anymore. In particular, the survey found that young people
have never done the following activities because of modern technology:
1 Telephoned a cinema for the times of the films.
2 Booked a holiday at a travel agent.
3 Used a public telephone.
4 Bought tickets for a concert over the phone.
5 Printed photos.
6 Bought a CD.
7 Written a letter by hand.
8 Used an address or telephone book.
9 Looked at a map before a car journey.
10 Faxed a document.
11 Paid by cheque.
12 Watched programmes at the time they are
on TV.
13 Put an advert in a newspaper.
14 Sent a letter in an envelope.
15 Bought flowers from a shop in the high street.

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 WRITING

HOW TO WRITE A PERFECT PROFESSIONAL

EMAIL IN ENGLISH IN 5 STEPS
For most of us, email is the most common form of business communication so it’s important
to get it right. Although emails usually aren’t as formal as letters, they still need to be
professional to present a good image of you and your company.

How to write a formal email

Follow these five simple steps to make sure your English emails are perfectly professional.

1. Begin with a greeting

2. Thank the recipient
3. State your purpose
4. Add your closing remarks
5. End with a closing

1. Begin with a greeting

Always open your email with a greeting, such as “Dear Lillian”. If your relationship
with the reader is formal, use their family name (eg. “Dear Mrs. Price”). If the
relationship is more casual, you can simply say, “Hi Kelly”. If you don’t know the name
of the person you are writing to, use: “To whom it may concern”or “Dear
Sir/Madam”.

2. Thank the recipient

If you are replying to a client’s inquiry, you should begin with a line of thanks. For
example, if someone has a question about your company, you can say, “Thank you
for contacting ABC Company”. If someone has replied to one of your emails, be
sure to say, “Thank you for your prompt reply” or “Thanks for getting back to
me”. Thanking the reader puts him or her at ease, and it will make you appear more
polite.
3. State your purpose
If you are starting the email communication, it may be impossible to include a line of
thanks. Instead, begin by stating your purpose. For example, “I am writing to enquire
about …” or “I am writing in reference to …”.

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 Make your purpose clear early on in the email, and then move into the main text of
your email. Remember, people want to read emails quickly, so keep your sentences
short and clear. You’ll also need to pay careful attention to grammar, spelling and
punctuation so that you present a professional image of yourself and your company.

4. Add your closing remarks

Before you end your email, it’s polite to thank your reader one more time and add
some polite closing remarks. You might start with “Thank you for your patience and
cooperation” or“Thank you for your consideration” and then follow up with,“If you
have any questions or concerns, don’t hesitate to let me know” and “I look
forward to hearing from you”.
5. End with a closing
The last step is to include an appropriate closing with your name. “Best
regards”, “Sincerely”, and “Thank you” are all professional. Avoid closings such
as “Best wishes” or“Cheers” unless you are good friends with the reader. Finally,
before you hit the send button, review and spell check your email one more time to
make sure it’s truly perfect!

1. SPEAKING

How to make an interview?

Which are the objectives in the Interview?

1. Pick up information about the candidate: know the person, characteristics, needs
and interests.
2. Explore its professional and personal track, as well as its specific behavioral
competences for the position.
3. Know the candidates motivation and his fit to the working environment where his
incorporation is expected.
4. Give information about the position: the candidate’s interest will be valued.
5. Motivate and cheer the candidate for his continuation in the selection process till
the end.
6. The employment interview is a process of sales and “seduction”. Any message we
pretend to transmit is formed by to aspects:
1. Content aspect: Rational Level
2. Relational aspect: Emotional Level

We are seen, before being heard. The personal image is especially relevant. For hitting
with the dress, what matters is to have coherence and to comply with the rules in relation to
the company%u2019s sector and position you are applying for.

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The interviewer wants a sociable person, capable of integrating in the company with a good
treat with the rest of his colleagues and clients. People tend to help and think better of those
who they like. If we smile we are affecting the interviewer’s emotions and give a more positive
impression in the evaluation. The smile attracts, suggests confidence and optimism, relaxes
and dissimulates the nerves and predisposes positively our interlocutors.

Visual contact empowers interest and facilitates communication. Look alternatively to all your
interlocutors, with a direct and annual sight. Assent with the head shows an active listening
and willingness. Play with objects shows nervousness and insecurity. Rub your hands denote
impotent. Interlacing fingers shows authority and understanding willingness.

The language must be clear, simple and structured, avoid ‘pet words’ and
%u2018swearwords%u2019. You have to be honest and sincere. Talk
with a cordial tone, concise and specific. You do not have to speak badly
of your current or former company.

Is good to rehearse the interview before, plan what is what you

want to achieve, what to say and how to say it. A golf champion
was once said that he was very lucky, he answered: “Yes, and
the more I rehearse the luckier I am. Look for and explore the
companys web page, focus in what you are looking for. You have
to remember your strong points and our fields of improvement.

And remember: There will not be a 2º Chance for generating a 1st Impression.

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