PPT CONTENT: FAB EXPLANATION

A eutectic system is a 1) Equilibrium between solid and liquid in a binary mixture can be viewed through
mixture of chemical the process of (1)solidification and (2) solution saturation—or crystallization
compounds or elements
(1) The solidification of a liquid is brought about by lowering the temperature of
that has a single chemical the system.
composition that solidifies -A solid starts to form at a certain temperature and the liquid phase completely
at a lower temperature disappears during the cooling process.
than any other
(2) Saturation method involves determination of the temperature at which a
composition
mixture of a given concentration becomes saturated.
-the appearance of a solid upon saturation of a solution is a result of the limited
solubility of a solid in liquid at a given temperature

-the solubility of a solid decreases as the temperature is lowered so that the

occurrence of saturation is dependent of the temperature of the system

With the aid of thermal analysis method, phase change is monitored through the
rate of its cooling

2) Pure substances, when 3) This distinguishes pure substances from others as a mixture of solids increase this
melted exhibit a narrow temperature range and also causes the melting point to lower.
temperature range for
which it crystallizes and
fully solidifies.

Eutectic mixtures-solid 4)However some solid mixtures exhibit similar behavior as that of pure substances
mixtures that exhibit a and are called eutectic mixtures
-eutectic mixture is made up of fine crystals that are intimately mixed with each
similar behavior as that of
other, causing it to behave like a pure solid
pure substances -exhibits the ff properties:
(1)Solidification of the melt is initiated and completed at the same temp indicating
that no change in composition takes place in the solid and liquid phases
(2) The solid phase and the liquid phase are in equilibrium with each other and have
the same composition
(3) It is the lowest melting mixture formed by the system

6)Eutectic point- shows 5) lowest point in the diagram is the eutectic point
the minimum freezing shows how a mixture behaves like a pure compound.
temperature and
corresponding
composition of a binary
system