In-centre (I) (Refer to Figure 5 , 6)

We like to show that a IA  b IB  c IC  0 first . We use the same technique as before

and take
 IA   IB   IC  0 .
We can form a triangle UVW with sides
WV   IA, VU   IB, UW   IC .
U = 180 – ( IB, IC )
o
=t+u
V = 180o – ( IA, IB ) =u+s
W = 180o – ( IC , IA ) =s+t
 IA  IB  IC
By sine law on UVW,    2 R1 ,
sin U sin V sin W
where R1 is the radius of circum-circle enclosing UVW.
r r r Figure 5
  
sin s  sin t  sin u  2 R , where r is the
sin  t  u  sin  u  s  sin  s  t 
1

radius of the in-circle.


sin s sin  t  u   1 sin s sin  90  s   1 sin s cos s  1 sin 2s
2 R1 2R 2R R

r r r r
R1 R1
Similarly,   sin 2t ,   sin 2u .
r r
 IA   IB   IC  0   sin 2 s  IA   sin 2t  IB   sin 2u  IC  0
 sin 2 s   sin 2t   sin 2u 
 a  IA  b  IB  c  IC  0 Figure 6
 a   b   c 
 sin 2s   sin 2t   sin 2u 
 a IA  b IB  c IC  0,    , by sine law on
 a   b   c 
ABC.
    
 a OA  OI  b OB  OI  c OB  OI  0 ,  O is any origin .
aOA  bOB  cOC aA  bB  cC
 OI  or simply I
abc abc
…. (10)